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Recursos para el docente

HISTORIA
Argentina y el mundo
La segunda mitad del siglo xx
Cristina Viturro

ES 5.° año
HISTORIA
Argentina y el mundo.
La segunda mitad del siglo XX

Saberes clave
RECURSOS PARA EL DOCENTE

HISTORIA Argentina y el mundo. La segunda mitad del siglo XX


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Índice
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Jefa de arte: Claudia Fano. © 2011, EDICIONES SANTILLANA S.A. Cristina Viturro
Av. L. N. Alem 720 (C1001AAP),
Diagramación: Darío Dip. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Historia. Argentina y el mundo. La segunda mitad del siglo XX : Recursos
para el docente . - 1a ed. - Buenos Aires : Santillana, 2011.
Corrección: Marta Castro. ISBN: 978-950-46-2393-9 32 p. ; 28x22 cm. - (Saberes clave)

Queda hecho el depósito que dispone la ley 11.723.


Este libro no puede ser reproducido total ni parcialmente en
ninguna forma, ni por ningún medio o procedimiento, sea re- Impreso en Argentina. Printed in Argentina. ISBN 978-950-46-2393-9
prográfico, fotocopia, microfilmación, mimeógrafo o cualquier Primera edición: febrero de 2011.
otro sistema mecánico, fotoquímico, electrónico, informático, 1. Historia Argentina. 2. Enseñanza Secundaria. 3. Guia del Docente.
magnético, electroóptico, etcétera. Cualquier reproducción sin Este libro se terminó de imprimir en el mes de febrero de 2011, I. Título.
permiso de la editorial viola derechos reservados, es ilegal y en Grafisur, Cortejarena 2943, Buenos Aires, República Argentina. CDD 371.1
constituye un delito.
2 Recursos para la planificación
Sección 1 / La Guerra Fría, las nuevas formas de dependencia y las luchas anticoloniales
Capítulo Expectativas de logro Contenidos Estrategias didácticas

1 La Guerra Fría, $PNQSFOEFS MPT GBDUPSFT RVF EFUFSNJOBSPO Qué fue la Guerra Fría. La psicología de la desconfianza. &TUVEJPFJOUFSQSFUBDJØOEFNBQBT
un mundo dividido MBQPMÓUJDBNVOEJBMEFTEFFMåOEFMB4FHVO- $POTPMJEBDJØOZDBSBDUFSÓTUJDBTEFMPTCMPRVFTPDDJEFOUBM "OÈMJTJTEFBåDIFTEFQSPQBHBOEBQPMÓUJDB
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Conocer cuáles fueron las consecuencias de EFMB(VFSSB'SÓB-BDSJTJTEF#FSMÓO'BTFTEFMB(VFSSB
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"OBMJ[BS MPT EJWFSTPT GBDUPSFT FDPOØNJDPT 
QPMÓUJDPT
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2 La ampliación $POPDFSMBTJUVBDJØOEF$IJOBZTVSFDPSSJEP $IJOB EFM *NQFSJP B MB 3FQÞCMJDB &M DBNJOP IBDJB MB -FDUVSB Z BOÈMJTJT EF EJTDVSTPT QPMÓUJDPT Z EF
del bloque IBTUBDPOWFSUJSTFFOVOBSFQÞCMJDB 3FWPMVDJØO $IJOB %F MB HVFSSB DJWJM B MB SFWPMVDJØO UFYUPTEFQPMJUPMPHÓB
oriental "OBMJ[BSFMSPMEF.BPFOMB3FWPMVDJØOZMBT -B 3FQÞCMJDB 1PQVMBS $IJOB -BT SFGPSNBT QPMÓUJDBT -B "OÈMJTJTEFPCSBTEFBSUFFOSFMBDJØODPOIFDIPT
TJNJMJUVEFTZEJGFSFODJBTEFTVQFOTBNJFOUP $POTUJUVDJØOEF-BTQSJNFSBTSFGPSNBTFDPOØNJDBT IJTUØSJDPT
DPOFMNPEFMPTPWJÏUJDP -PTQMBOFTRVJORVFOBMFTFMi(SBO4BMUPw-B3FWPMVDJØO
$PNQSFOEFSMPTQSPGVOEPTDBNCJPTTPDJBMFT  $VMUVSBM-B(VFSSBEF$PSFB
MBCPSBMFT FDPOØNJDPT DVMUVSBMFTZQPMÓUJDPT
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la Guerra de Corea.

3 La economía $POPDFSMPTQSPDFTPTFDPOØNJDPTRVFTFEF- -BQPTHVFSSBFO0DDJEFOUF-BSFDPOTUSVDDJØOEFMB -FDUVSBZBOÈMJTJTEFUFYUPTFDPOØNJDPT


durante TBSSPMMBSPOFO0DDJEFOUFZFO&VSPQB0SJFO- FDPOPNÓBFVSPQFB&MBTDFOTPEFMBFDPOPNÓBFTUB- 1SÈDUJDBEFEFCBUF
la posguerra UBMEFTQVÏTEFMB4FHVOEB(VFSSB.VOEJBMZ EPVOJEFOTFZEFMSFTUPEFMBTFDPOPNÓBTDBQJUBMJTUBT
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&OUFOEFSMBSFMBDJØOFOUSFMPTNPEFMPTQPMÓ- -BQPTHVFSSBFO&VSPQBPSJFOUBM-PTDPNVOJTUBTFOFM
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$PNQSFOEFS MBT DBVTBT Z MBT DPOTFDVFODJBT
EFMEFTBSSPMMPEFBNCPTNPEFMPT
$POPDFSMBIJTUPSJBEFPSHBOJTNPTFDPOØNJ-
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© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723


© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

4 La descolonización $POPDFSFMQSPDFTPEFEFTDPMPOJ[BDJØOZSF- $PNJFO[P EFM QSPDFTP EF EFTDPMPOJ[BDJØO Z TVT DBVTBT "OÈMJTJTFJOUFSQSFUBDJØOEFNBQBT
y el nacimiento MBDJPOBSMPDPOFMDPOUFYUPEFMB(VFSSB'SÓB -BTJEFPMPHÓBTEFMJCFSBDJØOOBDJPOBM-BEFGFOTBEFMPT $PNQBSBDJØO F JOUFSSFMBDJØO EF QSPDFTPT
del Tercer Mundo FOFMRVFTFEFTBSSPMMØ3FDPOPDFSZFWBMVBS WBMPSFTBVUØDUPOPT-B/FHSJUVE1SPDFTPTWJPMFOUPTZQSP- IJTUØSJDPT
MPT GBDUPSFT RVF JOýVZFSPO FO MPT EJTUJOUPT DFTPTQBDÓåDPT-BEFTDPMPOJ[BDJØOFOMB*OEJBZFOPUSPT -FDUVSB Z BOÈMJTJT EF UFYUPT EF EJTUJOUPT
DBTPT Z DPOPDFS TV FWPMVDJØO B USBWÏT EFM QBÓTFTEF"TJB&MDBTPEF*OEPDIJOB-BEFTDPMPOJ[BDJØO SFHJTUSPT
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MÓEFSFTZTVQFOTBNJFOUP3FýFYJPOBSTPCSF GPSNBDJØOEFM5FSDFS.VOEP
MB QFSWJWFODJB FO FM UJFNQP EF MPT WBMPSFT
RVFTVTUFOUBSPOFTPTNPWJNJFOUPT

5 Vientos de cambio: $PNQSFOEFSMBTSB[POFTEFMTVSHJNJFOUPEF -PTB×PTFMDVFTUJPOBNJFOUPBMTJTUFNB&Mestablish- -FDUVSBZBOÈMJTJTEFUFYUPTMJUFSBSJPTFNCMFNÈUJ-


la sociedad MBDPOUSBDVMUVSBZFMSPMEFEJTUJOUPTTFDUPSFT mentOPSUFBNFSJDBOPZTVTQSJNFSBTåTVSBT-BHFOFSB- DPTEFMPTNPWJNJFOUPT EFEJTDVSTPTQPMÓUJDPTZ
se moviliza TPDJBMFTQBSBIBDFSTFPÓSPSFDMBNBSQPSTVT ción beat"NPSZQB[FMNPWJNJFOUPhippie1BDJåTNPZ EFUFYUPTEFTPDJPMPHÓB
EFSFDIPT3FDPOPDFSDØNPGVFSPOMPTQSPDF- SBEJDBMJ[BDJØO&MUVSOPEFMBTNVKFSFT-PTBGSPBNFSJDB- 1SFTFOUBDJØOZQSÈDUJDBEFMBUÏDOJDBEFMEFCBUF
TPTZMPTSFDVSTPTVUJMJ[BEPTFOMBTSFJWJOEJDB- OPT FM QBDJåTNP P MB GVFS[B -PT i1BOUFSBT /FHSBTw &M BQBSUJSEFMPTMFNBTEFMPTFTUVEJBOUFTEFM.BZP
DJPOFTZTVTDPOTFDVFODJBTTPDJBMFT UBOUPFO QSPUBHPOJTNP FTUVEJBOUJM &M i.BZP GSBODÏTw Z MPT NPWJ- francés.
MPT QBÓTFT EPOEF PDVSSJFSPO DPNP B OJWFM NJFOUPTEFMPUSPMBEPEFM"UMÈOUJDP6OBOVFWBSVQUVSBFM
HMPCBM7BMPSBSFMOVFWPSPMEFMPTKØWFOFT  pop art.
MBTNVKFSFTZMBTNJOPSÓBTSBDJBMFT

Cierre Sección 1 / Dos estilos de vida

Sección 2 / América Latina durante la posguerra

6 De esperanzas $POPDFSDØNPTFGVFEFTBSSPMMBOEPMBWJEB 1BOPSBNBEF-BUJOPBNÏSJDBBåOFTEFMB4FHVOEB(VFSSB "OÈMJTJTEFPCSBTEFBSUFRVFPGSFDFOVOBJOUFS-


y frustraciones: EFNPDSÈUJDBFOUSFTQBÓTFTEF"NÏSJDB-B- .VOEJBM&Mi(VBUFNBMB[Pw3FMBDJPOFTEJQMPNÈUJDBTFO- QSFUBDJØOTPCSFMPTUFNBTQPMÓUJDPT3FMBDJØOEF
América Latina UJOBZRVÏGBDUPSFTJOGMVZFSPOFOFTUFSFDP- USFMPTFTUBEPTBNFSJDBOPT1SFTJEFODJBTEF"SÏWBMPZ«S- MBQPMÓUJDBZFMBSUF
entre 1945 y 1960 rrido. CFO[ %F MB 3FGPSNB "HSBSJB BM HPMQF EF &TUBEP $PTUB -FDUVSBZBOÈMJTJTEFEPDVNFOUPT
3FDPOPDFS DVÈM GVF FM SPM EF MPT &TUBEPT 3JDB  VO DBTP FYDFQDJPOBM %F MB (VFSSB $JWJM B MB +VOUB
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3FDPOPDFSSBTHPTDPNVOFTZEJGFSFODJBTFO
MPTUSFTDBTPT
3
4 Recursos para la planificación
Capítulo Expectativas de logro Contenidos Estrategias didácticas

7 La Revolución
$POPDFS MPT GBDUPSFT RVF EJFSPO PSJHFO B VO *OUSPEVDDJØOBMBTJUVBDJØOEF$VCB(FTUBDJØOEFMBSFWP- -FDUVSB Z BOÈMJTJT DPNQSFOTJWP EF EJGFSFOUFT
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Cubana
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MB(VFSSB'SÓBZFWBMVBSTVTSFQFSDVTJPOFTUBO- MB(VFSSB'SÓBEF#BIÓBEFMPT$PDIJOPTBMBDSJTJTEFMPT
UPFOMBTSFMBDJPOFTEFMDPOUJOFOUFDPOMPT&T- NJTJMFTFO-BDPOTUSVDDJØOEFVOSÏHJNFOTPDJBMJTUB
UBEPT6OJEPT DPNPFOMBQPMÓUJDBEFMPTQBÓTFT 3FQFSDVTJPOFTFO"NÏSJDB-BUJOB-BSFBDDJØOEFMPT&TUB-
MBUJOPBNFSJDBOPTFOMPTB×PTTJHVJFOUFT EPT6OJEPTZMBSFTQVFTUBEF$VCB

8 Las debilidades
$POPDFS FM QFSÓPEP QPTUFSJPS B MB DBÓEB EFM -BDSJTJTEFMQFSPOJTNP-B3FWPMVDJØO-JCFSUBEPSB4VQP- &MBCPSBDJØOEFMÓOFBTEFUJFNQPQBSBDPNQSFO-
QFSPOJTNP MBQSPTDSJQDJØOEFMQBSUJEPZMPT MÓUJDB FDPOØNJDB &M NPWJNJFOUP PCSFSP MB SFTJTUFODJB EFSQSPDFTPTIJTUØSJDPT
de la democracia
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en la Argentina
$PNQSFOEFSMPTDBNCJPTFDPOØNJDPTJOTUBV- UP EF +VBO +PTÏ 7BMMF "TDFOTP Z QSFTJEFODJB EF "SUVSP -FDUVSBFJOUFSQSFUBDJØOEFWJ×FUBTIVNPSÓTUJDBT
(1955-1966)
SBEPT QPS MPT TVDFTJWPT HPCJFSOPT Z MBT EJT- 'SPOEJ[J&MEFTBSSPMMJTNP'SPOEJ[JZFMNPWJNJFOUPPCSF-
UJOUBTQPTJDJPOFTSFTQFDUPEFMPTPSHBOJTNPT SP&MHPMQFB'SPOEJ[J&MJOUFSSFHOPEF(VJEP-BQSFTJ-
JOUFSOBDJPOBMFT 3FMBDJPOBS GBDUPSFT QPMÓUJ- EFODJBEF*MMJB-BDVMUVSBFOMPTB×PT-BVOJWFSTJEBE 
DPTZFDPOØNJDPTZDØNPFTUPTSFQFSDVUJFSPO MBUFMFWJTJØO MBQVCMJDJEBE5SBOTGPSNBDJPOFTFOFMNPWJ-
FOFMNPWJNJFOUPPCSFSP NJFOUPPCSFSPFMiWBOEPSJTNPw
"OBMJ[BS FM QBQFM EF MBT 'VFS[BT "SNBEBT
DPNPVOBDUPSQPMÓUJDPZTVTDPOTFDVFODJBT
FOMBWJEBEFNPDSÈUJDBEFMB"SHFOUJOB

Cierre Sección 2 / Operación masacre

Sección 3 / De las crisis de las hegemonías a la crisis de los años 70

9 Las hegemonías
$POPDFSMPTQSPDFTPTRVFEJFSPODVFOUBEFM -BQPTJDJØOEFMPTCMPRVFT-PTEPT7JFUOBN -FDUVSBDPNQSFOTJWBZBOÈMJTJTEFUFYUPTIJTUØSJ-
SFTRVFCSBKBNJFOUPFOMBQPMÓUJDBFYUFSJPSEF -BiDSV[BEBDPOUSBFMUPUBMJUBSJTNPwEF7JFUOBNEFM/PSUF DPTTPCSFFQJTPEJPTQVOUVBMFT
en cuestión MPT&TUBEPT6OJEPTZMB6344 ZFM'/-&TUSBUFHJBT UÈDUJDBTZMPHÓTUJDB-BSFUJSBEBEFMPT "OÈMJTJTEFDPOTJHOBTQPMÓUJDBT
3FDPOPDFSMBJOUFSWFODJØOQPQVMBSFOEJWFS- &TUBEPT6OJEPT $PNQBSBDJØOFOUSFQSPDFTPTEFSBTHPTTJNJMBSFT
TBTJOTUBODJBTEFSFTJTUFODJBBMPTJOWBTPSFT &M QSPDFTP EF EFTFTUBMJOJ[BDJØO FO &VSPQB MPT DBTPT EF
$PNQSFOEFSMPTEJWFSTPTGBDUPSFTRVFJOýV- 1PMPOJBZ)VOHSÓB
ZFSPOUBOUPFOMPTMFWBOUBNJFOUPTDPNPFO $BNCJPTFOFMCMPRVFPSJFOUBM-B1SJNBWFSBEF1SBHBZMB
su resolución. SFBDDJØOTPWJÏUJDB
&MåOEFMBSFCFMJØO

© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723


© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

$POPDFSFMPSJHFOEFMBDPOýJDUJWJEBEFOFTB .FEJP0SJFOUFVOB[POBFTUSBUÏHJDB &TUVEJPDPNQBSBUJWPEFNBQBTUFSSJUPSJBMFT


10 Conflictos en SFHJØOEF"TJB3FDPOPDFSMBJNQPSUBODJBEF &MTVF×PTJPOJTUBQVFTUPFONBSDIB)BDJBMBDSFBDJØOEFM -FDUVSBZBOÈMJTJTEFUFYUPTEFEJTUJOUPTSFHJTUSPT
Medio Oriente MBJOUFSWFODJØOEF*OHMBUFSSBFOFMQSPDFTP &TUBEPKVEÓP-BHVFSSBEFJOEFQFOEFODJB ZGVFOUFT
$PNQSFOEFSMBTJNQMJDBODJBTQPMÓUJDBTZFDP- &MOVFWP&TUBEP-BDSJTJTEF4VF[ZMBTFHVOEBHVFSSBÈSBCF
OØNJDBT EFM FTUBCMFDJNJFOUP EFM &TUBEP EF israelí.
*TSBFM QBSBTVTIBCJUBOUFT QBSBMPTQBMFTUJ- -B DVFTUJØO QBMFTUJOB &M QBOBSBCJTNP 7JFKPT DPOýJDUPT 
OPTZQBSBFMNVOEPÈSBCF&OUFOEFSMBJN- OVFWBTHVFSSBT
QPSUBODJB EFM DPOýJDUP FO FM NVOEP  UBOUP La guerra de Yom Kippur FO  .ÈT BMMÈ EF .FEJP
QPMÓUJDBDPNPFDPOØNJDB 0SJFOUF

$POPDFS MPT QSPDFTPT QPMÓUJDPT EF EPT QBÓTFT "NÏSJDB-BUJOBBQSJODJQJPTEFMPT "OÈMJTJT Z DPNQBSBDJØO EF QSPDFTPT IJTUØSJDPT
11 Brasil y Chile: MBUJOPBNFSJDBOPTZMBJOýVFODJBRVFFOFMMPT #SBTJMMBDSJTJTEFMWBSHVJTNP#SBTJMJBFKFNQMPEFDJVEBE DPOUFNQPSÈOFPT  EF TVT TJNJMJUVEFT Z EJGFSFO-
autoritarismo y UVWJFSPOMBTJUVBDJØOJOUFSOBDJPOBMZFMSPMEF QMBOJåDBEB-BSBEJDBMJ[BDJØOEFMBQPMÓUJDB DJBT"OÈMJTJTEFEJTDVSTPTQPMÓUJDPT
reformismo en los MPT&TUBEPT6OJEPT&MEFTBSSPMMJTNPFO#SBTJM &MHPMQFEF&TUBEPEFM{VOBSFWPMVDJØO -BJOTUJUVDJP-
años 60 $PNQSFOEFSFMDPODFQUPEF&TUBEPCVSPDSÈUJ- OBMJ[BDJØOEFVOBMBSHBEJDUBEVSB%FMPTB×PTEFQMPNP
DPBVUPSJUBSJPZDØNPQMBOUFØVONPEFMPQP- BMBUSBOTJDJØO
MÓUJDPRVFTFGVFJNQPOJFOEPFOMPTEJWFSTPT &MSFGPSNJTNPDIJMFOP-BiWÓBDIJMFOBBMTPDJBMJTNPw-B
QBÓTFTEF-BUJOPBNÏSJDB$PNQSFOEFSFMQSP- DBÓEBEF4BMWBEPS"MMFOEF
DFTPDIJMFOPDPOVOHPCJFSOPTPDJBMJTUB FMåO
ZMBJOTUBVSBDJØOEFVOBEJDUBEVSBNJMJUBS

$PNQSFOEFS MB JOýVFODJB EF MB QPMÓUJDB FY- 0OHBOÓBFOMBQSFTJEFODJB &MBCPSBDJØO EF IJQØUFTJT Z QSÈDUJDB EF EJTDVSTP
12 La Revolución UFSJPS FTUBEPVOJEFOTF FO MB FDPOPNÓB Z MB &MQMBOFDPOØNJDPEF,SJFHFS7BTFOB-B"SHFOUJOBZMB BSHVNFOUBUJWP
Argentina QPMÓUJDBOBDJPOBMFT %PDUSJOBEFMB4FHVSJEBE/BDJPOBM&MNPWJNJFOUPPCSFSP 1SÈDUJDB EF BOÈMJTJT EF VO EJTDVSTP QPMÓUJDP EF
(1966-1973) $POPDFSMBTBMUFSOBUJWBTEFMBWJEBEFNPDSÈ- EVSBOUFMB3FWPMVDJØO"SHFOUJOB Perón.
UJDB BSHFOUJOB FO MPT UJFNQPT EFM HPCJFSOP &M$PSEPCB[P&MTVSHJNJFOUPEFMBHVFSSJMMB&MHPCJFSOP
NJMJUBS  MPT NPWJNJFOUPT TPDJBMFT Z MB GPS- EF-FWJOHTUPO-BOVTTFZMBUSBOTJDJØOEFNPDSÈUJDB
NBDJØOEFHSVQPTHVFSSJMMFSPTDPOUSBSJPTBM -BQSFTJEFODJBUSBOTJDJPOBMEF$ÈNQPSB-BUFSDFSBQSFTJ-
SÏHJNFO EFODJBEF1FSØO&MQBDUPTPDJBM
$PNQSFOEFS FM QSPDFTP RVF QPTJCJMJUØ FM &MHPCJFSOPEF*TBCFMJUB&M3PESJHB[PZFMåOEFMHPCJFSOP
SFUPSOPBMBWJEBEFNPDSÈUJDBZMPTGBDUPSFT QFSPOJTUB
RVFDPOUSJCVZFSPOBMBWVFMUBEFMQFSPOJTNP
al poder.

Cierre Sección 3 / El derrocamiento


. de Illia
5
6 Recursos para la planificación
Sección 4 / Neoliberalismo y dictaduras militares
Capítulo Expectativas de logro Contenidos Estrategias didácticas

$POPDFSMPTQSJODJQJPTFDPOØNJDPTEFMOFPMJ- )BDJBVOOVFWPSVNCPFDPOØNJDP &MBCPSBDJØOEFDSPOPMPHÓBTZMÓOFBTEFUJFNQP


13 El neoconserva- CFSBMJTNPZTVDPSSFMBUPQPMÓUJDPOFPDPOTFS- -BPGFOTJWBOFPDPOTFSWBEPSB.BSHBSFU5IBUDIFSFO(SBO 1SPEVDDJØOEFUFYUPBSHVNFOUBUJWP
durismo en el WBEPS3FMBDJPOBSMPTDBNCJPTQPMÓUJDPTZFDP- #SFUB×BZ3FBHBOFOMPT&TUBEPT6OJEPT-BQPMÓUJDBFYUF- "OÈMJTJTEFNBQBTQPMÓUJDPT
poder y el OØNJDPTDPOFMåOEFM&TUBEPEFCJFOFTUBSZ SJPS-Bi(VFSBEFMBT(BMBYJBTw
derrumbe del TVTSFQFSDVTJPOFTFOMBWJEBEFMBHFOUF -B6344EJåDVMUBEFTZEFTBGÓPTPerestroikaZglasnostMBT
bloque oriental $PNQSFOEFSMBOVFWBSFMBDJØOEFGVFS[BTFO SFGPSNBTEF(PSCBDIPW$BNCJPTFOMBQPMÓUJDBFYUFSJPS-B
FMNVOEPDPOMBTSFGPSNBTFOMB6344 EFTJOUFHSBDJØOEFMB6OJØO4PWJÏUJDB6OOVFWPPSEFOQPMÓ-
$POPDFSMBTDPOTFDVFODJBTEFMBEFTJOUFHSB- UJDPFO&VSPQBEFM&TUF-BEFSSPUBDPNVOJTUBFO1PMPOJB
DJØOEFMCMPRVFTPWJÏUJDPFOMPTQBÓTFTRVFMP -B DBÓEB EFM .VSP EF #FSMÓO Z MB SFVOJåDBDJØO BMFNBOB
GPSNBCBOZFOMPTEF&VSPQBPDDJEFOUBM $POýJDUPTFOMBBOUJHVB:VHPTMBWJB&MOVFWPPSEFOJOUFS-
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14 América Latina: $PNQSBFOEFSMPTDBNCJPTFOMBFDPOPNÓBZ -B4FHVSJEBE/BDJPOBMDPNPGVOEBNFOUPEFMPSEFO -FDUVSB Z BOÈMJTJT EF UFYUPT EF EJGFSFOUFT SFHJT-
la instauración MPTJOJDJPTEFMQSPDFTPEFHMPCBMJ[BDJØO -B&TDVFMBEFMBT"NÏSJDBTZMBTEJDUBEVSBTEFM$POP4VS USPT
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das en cada uno de los casos.

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15 La última ZTVTFGFDUPTFOMBWJEBEFVOBTPDJFEBE&O- &TUBEP-BƒOPDIFEFMPTMÈQJDFTw&M.VOEJBM-BQPMÓ- UFTUJNPOJPT&MBCPSBDJØOEFFTRVFNBTEFDPOUF-
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Cierre Sección 4 / El rock nacional en la década del 80

© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723


© Santillana S.A. Prohibida su fotocopia. Ley 11.723

Sección 5 / Los legados de una época

16 Conflictos de fines Conocer los procesos nacionales después del &M NVOEP USBT MB DBÓEB EFM .VSP EF #FSMÓO &M GJO EFM 1SÈDUJDBEFEFCBUF
del siglo XX DPMBQTPEFMCMPRVFTPWJÏUJDPZDØNPTFPSJHJ- NVOEP CJQPMBS -PT PSHBOJTNPT JOUFSOBDJPOBMFT &M GJO &MBCPSBDJØOEFUFYUPBSHVNFOUBUJWP
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17 América Latina Conocer los procesos de consolidación de los 1BOPSBNBEF"NÏSJDB-BUJOB&M$BSJCFFOMBi(VFSSBEF -FDUVSBZBOÈMJTJTEFDVBESPTDPOEBUPTFTUBEÓT-


y el Caribe SFHÓNFOFT EFNPDSÈUJDPT $PNQSFOEFS MBT MBT(BMBYJBTwEFMPTB×PT-BTUSBOTJDJPOFTBMBEFNP- UJDPT
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18 La Argentina y la $POPDFSMBTBMUFSOBUJWBTEFMBWJEBEFNPDSÈ- 4FBCSFFMDJDMPEFNPDSÈUJDP-BQSFTJEFODJBEF3BÞM"M- "OÈMJTJTEFUFYUPTEFSFHJTUSPTEJWFSTPT


consolidación de UJDBFOMB"SHFOUJOB$PNQSFOEFSMBTEJGJDVM- GPOTÓO-PTKVJDJPTBMBT+VOUBT.JMJUBSFT&M1VOUP'JOBMZ
la democracia UBEFTRVFTFQMBOUFBSPOFOFMDBNJOPQBSB MB0CFEJFODJB%FCJEB&DPOPNÓBZDVFTUJPOFTTPDJBMFTFO
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FSB,JSDIOFS

Cierre Sección 5 / El drama de los refugiados


7
Textos y actividades para integrar contenidos
SECCIÓN 1
1 Una imagen de Gandhi
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(IBOEJMFZFOEPFOTVDBTB 

&TUB JNBHFO  UBNCJÏO DPOPDJEB DPNP


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HSBGBFTUBEPVOJEFOTF.BSHBSFU#PVSLF8IJUF

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Actividades

1. .JSÈ EFUFOJEBNFOUF MB GPUPHSBGÓB {$VÈMFT TPO MPT FMFNFOUPT RVF TF EFTUBDBO  {2VÏ UF MMBNB MB
© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

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8
2 Una costurera de Alabama

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<$POTVMUBEPFM>
© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

Actividades

1. -FÏ FOFMDBQÓUVMP MBTQÈHJOBTSFGFSJEBTBMNPWJNJFOUPQPSMPTEFSFDIPTDJWJMFTFOMPT&TUBEPT


6OJEPT{$VÈMFTGVFSPOTVTQSJODJQBMFTBDPOUFDJNJFOUPT {2VÏFQJTPEJPSFDVFSEB3PTB
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son las ideas principales.
9
3 Jóvenes rebeldes

&O FMEÞP1FESPZ1BCMP GPSNBEPQPS.JHVFM$BOUJMPZ.JHVFM%VSJFU[ HSBCØFMUFNBYo vivo en una ciudad FTDSJUPQPS


$BOUJMP
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Yo vivo en una ciudad


:PWJWPFOVOBDJVEBE :PBEPSPBNJDJVEBE
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Actividades

1. -FÏFMUFYUPEFMBDBODJØO ZTJQPEÏT FTDVDIBMBIBZWBSJBTWFSTJPOFTFO:PV5VCF


{2VÏEBUPTCSJO-
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© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

2. {$VÈMFTTPOMBTiOPWFEBEFTwRVFUSBFOMPTKØWFOFTTFHÞOFMUFYUPEFMBDBODJØO {2VÏEFTFBO


3. {$ØNPTPOMBTQFSTPOBTDPNVOFTEFMBDJVEBE {$ØNPTFMBTEFTDSJCF
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10
4 La cumbre de Harlem

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2. "SNÈVODVBESPTJOØQUJDPDPOFTBJOGPSNBDJØO
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11
5 Por la paz

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Actividades
© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

1. -FÏFOMPTDBQÓUVMPTZEFMMJCSP MBJOGPSNBDJØODPSSFTQPOEJFOUFBMPTNPWJNJFOUPTQSPUBHPOJ[B-


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12
SECCIÓN 2

6 Jean-Paul Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir y el Che

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OFO1FSPEFUPEBTNBOFSBT ZBRVFCVTDBOFOTVTWJEBTIPSBTCBMEÓBT FTOPSNBMRVFQSJNFSPMBT
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© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

<$POTVMUBEPFM>

Actividades

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13
7 El poeta depuesto

$POFTUFUÓUVMP -FPQPMEP.BSFDIBM 


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Actividades

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14
8 Resistir

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La canción del nomeolvides

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Actividades

1. #VTDÈFOMJCSPTPFO*OUFSOFU RVJÏOGVF"SUVSP+BVSFUDIFFJOWFTUJHÈTVCJPHSBGÓBZTVPCSB
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15
9 Proclama del Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional

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© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

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Actividades

1. *OWFTUJHÈFOMJCSPTPFO*OUFSOFUMBIJTUPSJBEFM'SFOUF4BOEJOJTUBEF-JCFSBDJØO/BDJPOBM{RVJÏOFSB
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16
10 La muerte del Che

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© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

Actividades

1. -FÏBUFOUBNFOUFFMQSJNFSPEFMPTUFYUPT{FORVÏTJUVBDJØOFTUÈFMHSVQPEFHVFSSJMMFSPT {&ORVÏ


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17
SECCIÓN 3

11 La historia a través de los ojos de un artista

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© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

Actividades

1. .JSÈDPOBUFODJØOFMGSBHNFOUPEFMBPCSBRVFBQBSFDFFOFTUBQÈHJOB{RVÏFTDFOBTUFMMBNBOMB
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18
12 Un presidente le habla a su pueblo por última vez

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Actividades

1. -FÏFOFMDBQÓUVMPEFMMJCSP MBTQÈHJOBTEFEJDBEBTBMBQSFTJEFODJBEF"MMFOEF-VFHP JOWFTUJHÈ


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19
13 Padre Mujica
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i:P no creo en Dios, creo en los curas.


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© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

Actividades

1. *OWFTUJHÈMBWJEBZMBUSBZFDUPSJBQPMÓUJDBEF$BSMPT.VKJDB
2. *OWFTUJHÈFOMJCSPTPFO*OUFSOFURVJÏOFT%BMNJSP4ÈFO[ FMBVUPSEFFTUFUFYUP
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20
14 1.º de mayo de 1974
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© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

Actividades

1. -FÏFOFMDBQÓUVMPEFMMJCSPFMEJTDVSTPDPNQMFUPEF1FSØOZMPTDÈOUJDPTEFSFTQVFTUBEFMPT.PO-
UPOFSPT-VFHP BQBSUJSEFMBJOGPSNBDJØOEFMDBQÓUVMPFJOWFTUJHBOEPFOPUSBTGVFOUFT SFDPOTUSVÓ
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3. {$ØNPEFTDSJCFFMBVUPSFMBDUP {2VÏDPTBTTVDFEFOZDØNPTFDPNQPSUBFMQÞCMJDPFOHFOFSBMZMPT
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21
15 Las dos primaveras de 1968
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© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

Actividades

1. -FÏFOMPTDBQÓUVMPTEFMMJCSPMBJOGPSNBDJØOSFGFSFOUFBM.BZP'SBODÏTZBMB1SJNBWFSBEF1SBHB
2. 4J FOFMDBQÓUVMP JOWFTUJHBTUFRVJÏOFT.JMBO,VOEFSB TBCSÈTRVFGVFVOPEFMPTJOUFMFDUVBMFTRVF
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FOFTUFUFYUP
3. 1SPGVOEJ[ÈJOWFTUJHBOEPFOMJCSPTPFO*OUFSOFU MPRVFTBCÏTEFBNCPTFQJTPEJPT3FQBTÈMBDPNQB-
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FMFTDSJUPS
22
SECCIÓN 4

16 Un Muro que casi nadie recuerda


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de la Guerra Fría.

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© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

Actividades

1. #VTDÈFO*OUFSOFUPFOMJCSPTJOGPSNBDJØOTPCSFFM.VSPEF#FSMÓO{DVÈOEPTFDPOTUSVZØ {1BSBRVÏ


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23
17 Vivir y contar

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<$POTVMUBEPFM>
© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

Actividades

1. -FÏFOFMDBQÓUVMPEFRVÏTFUSBUØFMTVDFTPDPOPDJEPDPNPMBiOPDIFEFMPTMÈQJDFTwZRVÏGVFFM
UFSSPSJTNPEF&TUBEP
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4. {$VÈMTFSÓBMBSFTQPOTBCJMJEBETPDJBMDPNPTPCSFWJWJFOUFEFMBRVFIBCMB&NJMDF 
24
18 Alicia en el país del proceso

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DPNPVOBGPSNBEFIBCMBSEFMPRVFQBTBCBFOMB"SHFOUJOBEFGPSNBFMÓQUJDBZEJTJNVMBEB

Canción de Alicia en el país

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el 3FZEFFTQBEBT

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© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

<$POTVMUBEPFM>

Actividades

1. {2VÏPDVSSÓBFOMB"SHFOUJOBFO -FÏFMDBQÓUVMPQBSBDPOPDFSFMDPOUFYUPEFMBÏQPDB


2. "MJDJBFOFMQBÓTEFMQSPDFTPFTVOBBMVTJØOBAlicia en el país de las maravillas MBOPWFMBEF-FXJT
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25
19 Contra la censura, ingenio

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SBOWFOEBSMFMPTPKPTBUSPNQBEBT ZNJSBBTVBMSFEFEPS<y>:WFNVMUJUVEEFGBNJMJBTJMFHBMNFO-
UFEFTBSUJDVMBEBTQPSRVFFMEJWPSDJPOPFYJTUFQPSRVFOPTFMPOPNCSB ZWJDFWFSTB<y>1FSPTVFMF
FTUBSMFWFEBEPSFGFSJSTFBMPRVFWFTJOJEFBMJ[BSMP4JJODVSTJPOBFOMB57oEBMPNJTNPRVFTFB
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© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

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<$POTVMUBEPFM>

Actividades

1. -FÏFOFMDBQÓUVMPDØNPFSBMBTJUVBDJØOTPDJBMFOMBÏQPDBEFMQSPDFTPZDØNPTFNBOJGFTUBCBMB
censura.
2. -FÏBUFOUBNFOUFFMUFYUPZIBDÏVOBMJTUBDPOMBTMJNJUBDJPOFTRVFMBDFOTVSBJNQPOF FOMPTEJGFSFOUFT
OJWFMFTRVFNFODJPOBMBBVUPSB
3. {1PSRVÏDSFÏTRVFDPNQBSBBMQBÓTDPOVOKBSEÓOEFJOGBOUFT +VTUJGJDÈUVSFTQVFTUB
26
20 Teatro abierto en primera persona

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BEÓBTEFSFQSFTJØOZDFOTVSB

<y>Teatro AbiertoDPNFO[ØEFOPDIF<y>-BNFTBEFVOCBS6OHSVQPEFBVUPSFT:FMQSJNFS
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MPDB
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5FBUSPEFM1JDBEFSPBDFQUØFTUBSDPOOPTPUSPT ZRVFOPTPUSPTFTUVWJÏTFNPTFOTVUFBUSP TFOUÓRVFIB-
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EFDJEJØRVFDBEBBVUPSUSBCBKBTFFOBCTPMVUBMJCFSUBE<y>-MFHBSPOMPTNÞTJDPT MPTFTDFOØHSBGPT TF
GPSNBSPOMPTFMFODPT BMHVOPTTFEFGPSNBSPOZTFWPMWJFSPOBGPSNBSEFPUSBNBOFSB
-MFHBSPOMPT
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EFTVUSBCBKP4FEFDJEJØRVFFMDJDMPTFSFBMJ[BSÓBFOVOBIPSBRVFMFTQFSNJUJFTFIBDFSMP-BIPSBFMFHJ-
EBGVFMBTTFJTEFMBUBSEF FOFM5FBUSPEFM1JDBEFSP:DPNFO[BSPOMPTFOTBZPT
<y> Teatro AbiertoEFDJEJØIBDFSVOBTFNBOBEFQSFFTUSFOPT QBSBRVFUPEPTQVEJFTFOWFSUPEBTMBT
PCSBT:QBSBBMHVOPTBNJHPT/PÓCBNPTBTFSNVDIPT-PTTVGJDJFOUFTQBSBWFSMPRVFQBTBCBTPCSFFM
FTDFOBSJP DØNPGVODJPOBCBUPEPFTFNPOTUSVP1FSPTFDPSSJØMBWP[:FMQSJNFSEÓBEFMPTQSFFTUSFOPT
MMFHØVOBBWBMBODIBEFHFOUF <y>&MEFKVMJPEFMQBSFDJØRVFFMDÓSDVMPTFDFSSBCB'VFFMFTUSFOP
Decir sí EF(SJTFMEB(BNCBSPEl que me toca es un chancho EF"MCFSUP%SBHPZEl Nuevo Mundo, de
$BSMPT4PNJHMJBOB<y>
&MEFBHPTUPDVMNJOØMBQSJNFSBTFNBOBEFTeatro Abierto1BSFDÓBRVFFMDÓSDVMPTFIBCÓBDPNQMF-
UBEP1FSPOP&OMBNBESVHBEBEFMEFBHPTUPEFM NJFOUSBT'SBOL4JOBUSBDBOUBCBQBSBFM#VFOPT
"JSFTEFMBEJDUBEVSBZQBSBMPTDPNVOJDBEPSFTTPDJBMFT MPTNJMJUBSFTZMBQPMJDÓBZMPTQBSB JODFOEJBSPO
FM5FBUSPEFM1JDBEFSP<y>"MEÓBTJHVJFOUFNVDIPTUFBUSPTEF#VFOPT"JSFTTFOPTPGSFDJFSPOQBSBDPO-
UJOVBSFMDJDMP:FMEFBHPTUP DVBOEPTeatro AbiertoMMBNØBVOBDPOGFSFODJBEFQSFOTB FM5FBUSP-B-
TBMMFSFWFOUBCB%FHFOUF EFFOFSHÓB EFJOEJHOBDJØO EFTPMJEBSJEBE"MMÓFTUVWJFSPOUBNCJÏO&SOFTUP
4ÈCBUPZ1ÏSF[&TRVJWFM OVFTUSP/PCFMEFMB1B[:#PSHFTOPTFOWJØVOUFMFHSBNBEFBEIFTJØO$VBOEP
TFMFZØMBEFDMBSBDJØOEFTeatro AbiertoEFKBOEPTFOUBEBTVEFDJTJØOEFDPOUJOVBSDPOFMDJDMP MBHFOUF
DBOUØFM)JNOP/BDJPOBM&OPUSPNPNFOUPQPEÓBIBCFSSFTVMUBEPDVSTJ&TBOPDIF OP
ParBDPOUJOVBS Teatro AbiertoFMJHJØFM5BCBSÓT VOUFBUSPDPNFSDJBM DVZPIPSBSJPOPDUVSOPFTUBCB
EFEJDBEPBMBSFWJTUBQPSUF×B1FSPEFTEFMBTDVBUSPEFMBUBSEF FOMBDBMMF$PSSJFOUFT TFGPSNBCBODPMBT
EFDVBESBTQBSBBTJTUJSBMBTGVODJPOFTEFTeatro Abierto RVFSFDPNFO[BSPOFMEFBHPTUPEF
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<$POTVMUBEPFM>
© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

Actividades

1. *OWFTUJHÈFOMJCSPTPFO*OUFSOFUDVÈMFSBFMDMJNBRVFTFWJWÓBFOFTPTB×PTEFMBEJDUBEVSB{4FIBCÓB
QSPEVDJEPBMHÞODBNCJPFOFMDMJNBQPMÓUJDPPFOMBSFQSFTJØO
2. *OWFTUJHÈRVJÏOFT0TWBMEP%SBHÞOZRVÏPCSBTFTDSJCJØ{$VÈMEFFMMBTQSFTFOUØFOTeatro Abierto
3. {$VÈMGVFFMSFTVMUBEPEFFTUBFYQFSJFODJB 1PEÏTCVTDBSJOGPSNBDJØOFOQÈHJOBTEF*OUFSOFUPFO
MJCSPT
4. #VTDÈ FO *OUFSOFU P FO BMHVOB CJCMJPUFDB FM UFYUP EF Gris de ausencia  EF 3PCFSUP $PTTB Z MFFMP
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OPPUSPNÈTSFDJFOUF
27
SECCIÓN 5

21 Un largo camino

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FMGJTDBMEFCJØQSPOVODJBSTFBGBWPSEF GPUPT-BUBQBFOCMBODP TPMPNVFTUSB 1PSUBEBEFMEJBSJPPágina/12EFM
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VOB .BESF EF 1MB[B EF .BZP  DPO TV
QB×VFMP EFFTQBMEBT

Actividades

1. *OWFTUJHÈFOMJCSPTPFO*OUFSOFU MPTIFDIPTRVFBQBSFDFOFODBEBVOBEFMBTQPSUBEBTEFPágina/12,


BTBCFSMBQSPNVMHBDJØOEFMBTMFZFTEFPCFEJFODJBEFCJEB FMJOEVMUPZMBEFDMBSBDJØOEFJODPOTUJ
UVDJPOBMJEBEEFMBTMFZFTEFJNQVOJEBE-FÏFOFMMJCSPMPTÓUFNTEPOEFTFUSBUBOFTUPTUFNBT
© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

2. .JSÈMBTUSFTQPSUBEBTZIBDÏVOBMJTUBDPOMPTFMFNFOUPTRVFTFSFQJUFOFMOPNCSFEFMEJBSJP FMUÓUV


MPQSJODJQBM MPTUÓUVMPTNFOPTJNQPSUBOUFT FMSFDVBESPRVFBQBSFDFFOMBUBQB MBJNBHFO{1PESÓBT
EFDJSRVFIBZVOiFTUJMPwEFMEJBSJP {2VÏFMFNFOUPTTFEFTUBDBO {1PSRVÏ
3. .JSÈMBQPSUBEB{1PSRVÏDSÏFTRVFFMUÓUVMPFTi4USBTTFSBSFDJCJØØSEFOFTw {$PORVÏGSBTFQPEÏT
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4. &OMBQPSUBEB{QPSRVÏDSFÏTRVFEFDJEJFSPOEBSMBQÈHJOBFOCMBODP {5FQBSFDFRVFOPIBCÓB
OPUJDJBTFTFEÓB {1PSRVÏQBSFDFRVFOPIBZOBEBRVFEFDJS 'JKBUFFOMBTPUSBTQPSUBEBTRVÏJN
QPSUBODJBUJFOFFMSFDVBESPZRVÏMVHBSUJFOFFOFTUB{QPSRVÏDSFÏTRVFEJFSPOMBOPUJDJBEFFTUB
NBOFSB
5. &OMBQPSUBEB{DVÈMFTFMFMFNFOUPNÈTJNQPSUBOUFEFMBUBQB {2VÏTFWFFOFMMB {2VÏTFWFFO
QSJNFSQMBOPZRVÏTFWFFOTFHVOEPQMBOP {2VÏTFMFFFOFMQB×VFMP
28
22 Sociedades en busca de justicia

$PNPMFÓTUF FOMBEÏDBEBEFM MBTEJDUBEVSBTNJMJUBSFTTFNVMUJQMJDBSPOFO"NÏSJDB-BUJOBZUBNCJÏOFOPUSPTQBÓTFTIVCP


NVFSUPTZEFTBQBSFDJEPT DFOTVSBZUFSSPSJTNPEF&TUBEP&ODBEBDBTP MBTTPDJFEBEFTUPNBSPOSVNCPTEJGFSFOUFTQBSBQPEFSSFT-
UBCMFDFSTVDPOWJWFODJBEFNPDSÈUJDB&OFTUPTEPTGSBHNFOUPTEFSFQPSUBKFT FMGBMMFDJEPFYQSFTJEFOUF3BÞM"MGPOTÓOZMBTFOBEPSB
OBDJPOBM/PSNB.PSBOEJOJIBCMBOEFMUFNB

Raúl Alfonsín o<y>$SFP<y>RVFFONBUFSJBEFEFSFDIPTIVNBOPTIJDJNPTUPEPMPRVFQVEJ-


NPT<y>6TUFETBCFRVFTPCSFUPEPFO"NÏSJDB-BUJOBMBTUSBOTJDJPOFTBMBEFNPDSBDJBTFIBDFOB
USBWÏTEFDPOWFSTBDJPOFTDPOMPTIPNCSFTEFMBEFNPDSBDJBZMPTIPNCSFTEFMBEJDUBEVSB ZTFQBDUB
&MÞOJDPFKFNQMPFORVFFTUPOPTFIBIFDIPFTMB"SHFOUJOB4JVTUFEWF#SBTJM BMMÓTFEJDUØ<>MPRVF
TFMMBNØMBiNVUVBBNOJTUÓBwZOPIVCPOJOHVOBQFSTFDVDJØOBOJOHÞONJMJUBSEFMBÏQPDBEFMB
EJDUBEVSB&O6SVHVBZTFSFTPMWJØMPNJTNP OPJCBBQFSTFHVJSTFZBTÓQBTØ ZEFTQVÏTIVCPVOBMFZ
EFBNOJTUÓBUBNCJÏORVFGVFWPUBEBZIVCPBDFSDBEFFMMBUBNCJÏOVOQMFCJTDJUP&O$IJMFUVWJFSPO
RVFBDFQUBSMB$POTUJUVDJØOEFMEJDUBEPSZBDFQUBSBMEJDUBEPSDPNPKFGFEFMFKÏSDJUP KFGFEFMBTGVFS-
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1o:TFOBEPS
3"o:TFOBEPSWJUBMJDJP:POPMPTDSJUJDPEFOJOHVOBNBOFSB QFSPDPNQBSBEPDPOMPRVFIJDJ-
NPTOPTPUSPTZMBMFZEFPCFEJFODJBEFCJEB EFTEFMVFHPRVFBNÓNF FTUVWPPSJFOUBEBFOMBMÓ-
OFBEFQFOTBNJFOUPRVFZPQSPQPOÓBQSFDJTBNFOUFFOMBDBNQB×BMPTUSFTOJWFMFTMBSFTQPOTBCJMJ-
EBEQSJODJQBMTPCSFMPTRVFEBCBOMBTØSEFOFT RVFFTFFSBFMPCKFUJWPCÈTJDP VOBTFHVOEBSFTQPO-
TBCJMJEBEBMPTRVFTFIBCÓBOFYDFEJEPFOFMDVNQMJNJFOUPEFMBTØSEFOFT ZQPSÞMUJNPMPTRVFIB-
CÓBOSFDJCJEPØSEFOFT TPCSFFTUPTOPRVFSÓBNPTRVFDBZFSBOJOHVOBQFSTFDVDJØOKVEJDJBM<y>
WAINFELD .BSJPi-BDSJTJTOPNFEFKØMMFHBSBEPOEFRVFSÓBw&OEJBSJPPágina/12 #VFOPT"JSFT EFBCSJMEF
DisQPOJCMFFO IUUQXXXQBHJOBDPNBSEJBSJPFMQBJTIUNM
<$POTVMUBEPFM>

Norma Morandini o1PSNJFYQFSJFODJBDPNPQFSJPEJTUBZQPSIBCFSUFOJEPUBOUPTB×PTEFWJEB


FTDVDIBOEPUFTUJNPOJPT IFBQSFOEJEPRVFFMRVFTVGSJØFTFMQSJNFSPRVFTFIBDFUPMFSBOUFZSFTQF-
UVPTP&OUÏSNJOPTDPMFDUJWPTFTNVZJOUFSFTBOUFMBDPNQBSBDJØO6SVHVBZVUJMJ[ØVONFDBOJTNP
TPGJTUJDBEPEFMBEFNPDSBDJB DPNPFMQMFCJTDJUP:QMFCJTDJUØFMPMWJEP{/PTFSÈQPSFTPRVFQVFEFO
UFOFSVOHVFSSJMMFSPFOMBQSFTJEFODJB &O$IJMFEFCJFSPOVOJSTFZIBDFSMB$PODFSUBDJØOQPSRVFDPO-
WJWÓBODPOFMEJDUBEPSWJUBMJDJP/PTPUSPTSFWJTBNPTFMQBTBEPDPNPOBEJF JODMVTPMPIFNPTDBTUJHB-
EP QFSPOPIFNPTDPOTUSVJEPBÞOVOBDVMUVSBEFBOUÓEPUPDPOUSBFTFQBTBEP1PSRVFEFMPRVFTF
USBUBFTEFOPWPMWFSBMQBTBEP{%FRVÏTJSWFRVFIBHBNPTUPEPTMPTEJTDVSTPTTJTPNPTJODBQBDFTEF
DPOTUSVJSVOBDVMUVSBDPMFDUJWBEFBOUÓEPUPDPOUSBFTFQBTBEP <y>
CARPENA 3JDBSEPi/PTFQVFEFVUJMJ[BSFMQBTBEPQBSBIBDFSQPMÓUJDBw&OEJBSJPLa Nación,
#VFOPT"JSFT EFPDUVCSFEF
DisQPOJCMFFOIUUQXXXMBOBDJPODPNBSOPUBBTQ OPUB@JE
<$POTVMUBEPFM>
© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

Actividades

1. -FÏBUFOUBNFOUFMPTUFYUPTZUPNÈOPUBEFMPRVFMPTFOUSFWJTUBEPTEJDFORVFPDVSSJØFO#SBTJM $IJMF


Z6SVHVBZSFTQFDUPEFMPTKVJDJPTBMBTSFTQFDUJWBTEJDUBEVSBT
2. &OHSVQPDPOUVTDPNQB×FSPT JOWFTUJHÈFO*OUFSOFURVÏPDVSSJØFOFTPTQBÓTFTZBSNÈDPOMPTIF-
DIPTVOBMÓOFBEFUJFNQPRVFUFQFSNJUBWFSDØNPGVFFMQSPDFTPFODBEBDBTP
3. "SNFOVOEFCBUFEPOEFEJTDVUBODBEBVOBEFMBTEJTUJOUBTGPSNBTEFUSBUBSFMUFNB JODMVZFOEPFM
DBTPEFOVFTUSPQBÓT
29
23 Volver

&OTFFTUSFOØFOMB"SHFOUJOBVOBQFMÓDVMBTJOHVMBS EJSJHJEBQPS'FSOBOEPi1JOPw4PMBOBT4FMMBNØTangos. El exilio de


GardelZDPOUBCBFODMBWFEFDPNFEJBNVTJDBMMBTBMUFSOBUJWBTEFMFYJMJPEFMPTBSHFOUJOPTEVSBOUFMBEJDUBEVSBZMBTFYQFDUBUJWBT
HFOFSBEBTQPSFMSFHSFTP&MTJHVJFOUFUFYUPSFQSPEVDFGSBHNFOUPTEFVOBSUÓDVMPRVF0TWBMEP4PSJBOPFTDSJCJØTPCSFMBQFMÓDVMB
FOMBSFWJTUBCrisis.

Un NPNFOUPEFDJOFEJGÓDJMEFPMWJEBSFOUSFMBCSVNBRVFFTDPOEFBMPalais Royal FNFSHFFM


resplandor de un Rolls Royce TJMFODJPTPDPNPVOBCSJTB&MGBOUBTNBUSJVOGBMZNFMBODØMJDPEFMFYJMJP
TFDPSQPSJ[BEFQSPOUPDPOMBOBUVSBMJEBEEFVOBIPKBRVFDBFDPOMBMMVWJBEFMPUP×P"IÓFTUÈMB
JOWJDUBJNBHFOEF$BSMPT(BSEFMRVFDBOUBBMB#VFOPT"JSFTMFKBOB:IBZRVFIBCFSFTUBEPGVFSBEF
FTUBDJVEBEHSJTZDBOBMMB PIVNJMMBEPFOTVTFOUSB×BT QBSBTFOUJSIBTUBMBTMÈHSJNBTMBÓOUJNBDPN-
QMJDJEBEDPOFTFIPNCSFNVFSUPIBDFNFEJPTJHMP QBSBEBSTFDVFOUBRVFSFQSFTFOUBoDVFSQPBVTFO-
UFZBMNBFOQFOBo MBFTQFSBO[BEFVOQBÓTNFKPS QFSPUBNCJÏOMBGFSP[SFWBODIBEFMPTRVFVTBSPO
B7JEFMB $BNQTZ"TUJ[
FerOBOEP4PMBOBTHBOBBMMÓVOBEFMBTNÈTEJGÓDJMFTBQVFTUBTRVFQVFEBQSPQPOFSTFVODSFBEPS
FMBCPSBSVOEJTDVSTPEFMFYJMJPTJOMMBOUP OJSFODPS DPOMBJONFOTBCSPODBEFMBEFSSPUBZMBSFTUBMMBO-
UFBMFHSÓBEFMSFHSFTP
El exilio de GardelOPQPEÓBTFS TPMP VOGJMNBSHFOUJOP-BWJEBEFMPTEFTUFSSBEPTTFEJWJEJØEV-
SBOUFFTPTB×PT ZRVJ[ÈRVFEBSÈUF×JEBQBSBTJFNQSF
FOUSFMBQBUSJBQFSEJEBZMBUJFSSBEFMBTJMP
4PMBOBTOPFMJHF'SBODJBDPNPMPIBDÓBOMPTSBTUBDVFSPTEFMBTWBDBTHPSEBTPMPTEJMFUBOUFTEFSur.
4VTDSJBUVSBTOPGSFDVFOUBOTBMPOFT TJOPPTDVSPTbistrotsEFWJOPEFTUBQBEPZQMBUPTEFEJF[GSBODPT
1BSÓTFTQBSBÏM DPNPQBSBUBOUPTEFOPTPUSPT VOBSVQUVSBZPUSPBNPS MB/BWJEBEDPOOJFWFZFTB
HFOUFRVFOPDSFFFOMPT3FZFT.BHPTVOBMFOHVBRVFQVFEFFYQSFTBSMPUPEPNFOPTOVFTUSBNFMBO-
DØMJDBTFHVSJEBEEFTFSMPNFKPSRVF%JPTSFHBMØBMBDSFBDJØO1BSÓTGVF TPCSFUPEP VOSFGVHJPBMB
UJSBOÓB FMMVHBSEPOEFVOEJDUBEPSFTVOBTVDJBDPTBZMBWÓDUJNB VOQFSTFHVJEPRVFUSBFDPOTJHPVO
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&OVOB"SHFOUJOBRVFFTDPOEFUPEBWÓBTVTMBDSBT RVFMJCFSBB(VHMJFMNJOFUUJZEJDUBQSJTJØOBVOB
.BESFEF1MB[BEF.BZP RVFFYQVMTBNFEJPNJMMØOEFMBUJOPBNFSJDBOPTEFTVTVFMPTJOSFTJTUFODJB
OJEJTHVTUP FMUFNBEFMEFTUJFSSPFTVOUBCÞDBSHBEPEFSFODPSZFHPÓTNP4JOFNCBSHP MBQFMÓDVMBEF
FTUFFYJMJBEPRVFTJFNQSFDSFZØFOTVQVFCMP JOWJUBBMBUPMFSBODJBZBMBKVTUJDJB
Un país
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La TPDJFEBEBSHFOUJOBFTUÈMFKPTEFEBSSFTQVFTUBBFTUBTUSJTUFTEFNBOEBT1PSRVFFOMVHBSEF
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VOBFYUSB×BWPDBDJØOEFQBHBSEFVEBTJMFHÓUJNBTZFMDPTUPTPGSBDDPORVFUPEBWÓBOPTEFTMVNCSB
Carlos Gardel.
SORIANO 0TWBMEPi1BHBSFMEFTMVNCSBOUFGSBDEFM[PS[BMw&OCrisis / #VFOPT"JSFT BCSJMEF
© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

Actividades

1. 4JQPEÏT NJSÈMBQFMÓDVMBDPOUVTDPNQB×FSPTZQSFTUÈBUFODJØOBMBMFUSBEFMBTDBODJPOFTRVFTF


DBOUBOFOFMMB'VFSPOFTDSJUBTQPSi1JOPw4PMBOBTZMMFWBONÞTJDBEF+PTÏ-VJT$BTUJ×FJSBEF%JPT
%FVOBEFFMMBTTPOMPTWFSTPTRVFTFSFQSPEVDFO
2. 4PSJBOPIBCMBEFiMPTRVFVTBSPOB7JEFMB $BNQTZ"TUJ[w EFQBHBSEFVEBTJMFHÓUJNBT {BRVJÏOFTUF
QBSFDFRVFTFFTUÈSFGJSJFOEP 1PEÏTCVTDBSJOGPSNBDJØOFOFMDBQÓUVMPEFMMJCSP
3. {$ØNPEFTDSJCFBMPTBSHFOUJOPTFO1BSÓT {2VÏBEKFUJWPVTBQBSBDBMJGJDBSMPT {$PORVÏPUSPTBSHFO-
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4. &TUFBSUÓDVMPGVFFTDSJUPFOQMFOPHPCJFSOPEF"MGPOTÓO{RVÏDSÓUJDBTMFIBDF4PSJBOPBMQBÓTEFFO-
UPODFT
30
24 Contra el terrorismo de Estado

&TUFUFYUPSFDPQJMBGSBHNFOUPTEFMBBDVTBDJØOEF+VMJP$ÏTBS4USBTTFSB åTDBMEFMKVJDJPBMBT+VOUBT.JMJUBSFT RVFTFMMFWØB


DBCPFO&OUSFPUSBTDPTBT FOÏMTFTF×BMBFMSPMEFMUFSSPSJTNPQBSBFTUBUBMEFMBT5SFT"ZUBNCJÏO EFMBTEJåDVMUBEFTEF
KV[HBSMPRVFTFDBMJåDBDPNPGPSNBEFEFMJODVFODJB

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EFSFDIPJOUFSOPRVFEFTDSJCBBDBCBEBNFOUFFTUBGPSNBEFEFMJODVFODJBRVFIPZTFFOKVJDJBBRVÓ
ZMBJNQPTJCJMJEBEEFDPOTJEFSBSVOPQPSVOPMPTNJMFTEFDBTPTJOEJWJEVBMFT NFIBOEFUFSNJOBEP
BFYIJCJS BMPMBSHPEFEJFDJTJFUFESBNÈUJDBTTFNBOBTEFBVEJFODJB UBOTPMPDBTPTRVFOP
BHPUBO QPSDJFSUP FMFTDBMPGSJBOUFOÞNFSPEFWÓDUJNBTRVFPDBTJPOØ MPRVFQPESÓBNPTDBMJGJDBS
DPNPFMNBZPSHFOPDJEJPRVFSFHJTUSBMBKPWFOIJTUPSJBEFOVFTUSPQBÓT
PerPOPFTUPZTPMPFOFTUBFNQSFTB.FBDPNQB×BOFOFMSFDMBNPNÈTEFOVFWFNJMEFTBQBSF-
DJEPTRVFIBOEFKBEP BUSBWÏTEFMBTWPDFTEFBRVFMMPTRVFUVWJFSPOMBTVFSUFEFWPMWFSEFMBT
TPNCSBT TVNVEPQFSPOPQPSFMMPNFOPTFMPDVFOUFUFTUJNPOJPBDVTBEPS
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TFBCVFOPPNBMPFMRVFMBTDBVTFPFMRVFMBTTVGSB
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WBOPTFIBQSFUFOEJEPEFNPTUSBSFOFTUFKVJDJP
ParBMFMBZDPFUÈOFBNFOUFDPOBRVFMMBBQBSFDFFOMBFTDFOBOBDJPOBMVOBPSHBOJ[BDJØOQBSUJ-
DVMBSNFOUFTJOJFTUSB RVFOBEBUVWPRVFFOWJEJBSBMBHVFSSJMMBNFSFGJFSPBMBT5SFT" P"MJBO[B
"OUJDPNVOJTUB"SHFOUJOB HSVQPUFSSPSJTUBFTQFDJBMJ[BEPFOMBTVQSFTJØOEFDJFSUPTDJVEBEBOPTRVF
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sino una reacción necesaria de defensa social.
PerPNVDIPNÈTHSBWFRVFMBEFTGBDIBUBEBKVTUJGJDBDJØOEFTEFFMHPCJFSOP FTFMIFDIPJODPO-
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EBEEFMBSFQSFTJØOEFBRVFMMBTPSHBOJ[BDJPOFTRVFIBDFOEFMBWJPMFODJBTVIFSSBNJFOUBEFMVDIB
QPMÓUJDB BGJOEFEFGFOEFSMPTWBMPSFTEFMBEFNPDSBDJB EFMNJTNPNPEPIBEFBENJUJSTFRVF
DVBOEPFTBSFQSFTJØOTFUSBEVDFFOMBBEPQDJØOEFMPTNJTNPTNÏUPEPTDSJNJOBMFTEFBRVFMMBT
PSHBOJ[BDJPOFT SFOVODJBOEPBMBFUJDJEBE OPTFODPOUSBNPTFOQSFTFODJBEFPUSPUFSSPSJTNPFM
EFM&TUBEP RVFSFQSPEVDFFOTÓNJTNPMPTNBMFTRVFEJDFDPNCBUJS
LosHVFSSJMMFSPTTFDVFTUSBCBO UPSUVSBCBOZNBUBCBO: {RVÏIJ[PFM&TUBEPQBSBDPNCBUJSMPT 
4FDVFTUSBS UPSUVSBSZNBUBSFOVOBFTDBMBJOGJOJUBNFOUFNBZPSZ MPRVFFTNÈTHSBWF BMNBSHFO
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© Santillana S.A. Permitida su fotocopia solo para uso docente.

<$POTVMUBEPFM>

Actividades

1. -FÏBUFOUBNFOUFFMUFYUPZNBSDÈMPTEBUPTRVFFOÏMBQBSFDFOTPCSFMBDVFTUJØOEFMPTEFTBQBSFDJ-
EPTZEFMKVJDJPNJTNP
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4. 0SHBOJ[ÈVOEFCBUFDPOUVTDPNQB×FSPTBQBSUJSEFMBDPOTJHOB{DVÈMFTFMMFHBEPEFMKVJDJPBMBT
+VOUBT.JMJUBSFT 
31
25 El origen de los piqueteros

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IBCJUVBMDPNPGPSNBEFSFDMBNPBMBTBVUPSJEBEFT

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MPTBDVTBCBOEFiGBMUBEFIPOFTUJEBEwZiBSSFHMPTQPDPDMBSPTw
ZEFNBOEBCBOMBQSFTFODJBEFMHP-
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BDVFSEP GJSNBEP DPO MB SFDJFOUFNFOUF GPSNBEB $PNJTJØO EF 1JRVFUFSPT -B QVFCMBEB DPOTUJUVZF
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BMUBNFOUFEFQFOEJFOUFT
EFMPTCFOFGJDJPTQSPWJTUPTQPSMBFYUSBDDJØOEFQFUSØMFPZMBTBDUJWJEBEFTEF
MBDPNQB×ÓBFTUBUBM:1'"MEFTDVCSJNJFOUPEFMiPSPOFHSPwFOMBSFHJØO MFTJHVJFSPOTVPDVQBDJØO
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Z FMUPUBMEFMBQPCMBDJØOBVNFOUØEFBIBCJUBOUFT VODSFDJNJFOUPEFNPHSÈGJDP
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