Está en la página 1de 52

3

FORMULARIO PARA
VIGAS Y PÓRTICOS
Formulario para vigas y pórticos 3.1

3.1 Obtención de la Distribución de Solicitaciones mediante la


Formulación de Macaulay

Las Funciones de Macaulay permiten expresar tanto la distribución de cargas


sobre una viga sometida a flexión como las leyes de Cortantes o Momentos
Flectores generadas por dichas cargas. A continuación se muestra la expre-
sión de tales funciones y las condiciones en las que deben aplicarse.

( c− 2 )
A⋅ x − a
q( x) = ∑
( c − 2 )!

( c −1)
A⋅ x − a
T ( x ) = −∑
( c − 1) !

c
A⋅ x − a
M( x ) = − ∑
c!

ecuaciones validas solo si n ≥ 0


n
en las expresiones x−a

0
si n=0 x≤a x−a =0
0
x≥a x−a =1

n
y si n>0 x≤a x−a =0
= ( x − a)
n n
x≥a x−a

En la siguientes tablas se particularizan estas funciones para cada caso de


carga y se indica el valor que deberían tomar los parámetros A y c en la ecua-
ción general previamente indicada.
3.2 Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras

M
Si
0
x≤a x−a =0
a 0
x x≥a x−a =1

entonces
M(x)
M( x ) = − M x − a
0

por lo tanto A=M


c=0

P
Si
1
x≤a x−a = 0
a
x − a = ( x − a)
1 1
x x≥a

entonces
T(x)

T ( x) = − P x − a
0

M( x ) = − P x − a
1

M(x)

por lo tanto A=P


c =1
Limitación de las Deformaciones 3.3

Si
q x≤a x−a
2
=0
= ( x − a)
2 2
x≥a x−a
a
entonces
x

q( x) = q x − a
0

T(x) q
T ( x) = −
1
x−a
1
q
M( x ) = −
2
2 x−a
2 ⋅1
M(x)
por lo tanto A=q
c=2

Si
q 3
x≤a x−a =0
= ( x − a)
3 3
x≥a x−a
a d
x
entonces

2
qd
q( x) =
1
T(x) x−a
1
qd
T ( x) = −
2
x−a
3 2 ⋅1
M(x) qd
M( x ) = −
3
x−a
3 ⋅ 2 ⋅1

q
por lo tanto A=
d
c=3
3.4 Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras

Otros casos de carga que se resuelven por superposición de los anteriores

q q
M(x) =  −〈 x-a〉 2 + 〈 x-b〉 2 
2!  
a dM( x )
b T ( x) =
dx
x

q/d
q q/d q
M( x ) = -〈 x-a〉 3 + 〈 x-b〉 3  + 〈 x-b〉 2
3!   2!
a d dM( x )
T ( x) =
b dx
x

q/d
q q q/d
M(x) = − 〈 x-a〉 2 +  〈 x-a〉 3 − 〈 x-b〉 3 
2! 3!  
a d dM( x )
T ( x) =
b dx
x

qa qb
qb M(x) = − 〈 x-a〉 2 + 〈 x-b〉 2 +
qa 2! 2!

+
( )
q b − q a /d
 −〈 x-a〉 3 + 〈 x-b〉 3 
3!  
a d
b dM( x )
T ( x) =
x dx

qa qb
qa M(x) = − 〈 x-a〉 2 + 〈 x-b〉 2 +
qb 2! 2!

+
(q a )
− q b /d
 〈 x-a〉 3 − 〈 x-b〉 3 
3!  
a d
b dM( x )
T ( x) =
x dx
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.2 VIGA APOYADA EN LOS EXTREMOS
P
3.2.1 CARGA PUNTUAL EN LA VIGA A B
REACCIONES
C
P⋅b P⋅a
RA = RB =
L L
x
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
P⋅b P⋅a a b
QAC = = cte ; QCB = − = cte
L L
L
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
P⋅b P⋅a P⋅a⋅b
MAC = ⋅ x ; MCB = ⋅ ( L − x) ; Mmax = MC = para x0 = a
L L L

ANGULOS DE GIRO QB
P⋅a⋅b P⋅a⋅b P⋅a⋅b
ϕA = ⋅ ( L + b) ; ϕB = − ⋅ ( L + a) ; ϕC = ⋅ ( b − a)
6⋅E⋅I⋅L 6⋅E⋅I⋅L 3⋅E⋅I⋅L QA
ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
P ⋅ L ⋅ a ⋅ ( L − x )  a2  L − x  
2
P ⋅ L ⋅ b ⋅ x  b2 x 2 
y AC = ⋅ 1− 2 − 2  ; y CB = ⋅ 1− 2 −   
6⋅E⋅I  L L  6⋅E⋅I  L  L  

FLECHA MAXIMA
P⋅b 3 L2 − b2
fC =
9⋅ E ⋅I ⋅ L 3
(
⋅ L2 − b2 ) 2
para x =
3

M max

3.5
3.6
3.2.2 CARGA CONTÍNUA EN PARTE DE LA VIGA
c
REACCIONES
p⋅b⋅c p⋅a⋅c P
RA = RB =
L L A B
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
p⋅b⋅c p⋅b⋅c c  p⋅a⋅c C D
QAC = ; QCD = − p⋅ − a + x ; QDB = −
L L  2  L
x
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
p⋅b⋅c p⋅b⋅c p   c 
MAC = ⋅ x ; MCD = ⋅ x − ⋅  x −  a −  2 a b
L L 2   2 
p⋅ a⋅c L
MDB = ⋅ ( L − x)
L
p⋅b⋅c  b⋅c c b⋅c
Mmax = ⋅ 2⋅a− c+ para x0 = a − +
2 ⋅ L  L  2 L QB
ANGULOS DE GIRO
QA

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


p⋅a⋅b⋅c  c2  p⋅a⋅b⋅c  c2 
ϕA = ⋅L + b −  ; ϕB = − ⋅L + a− 
6⋅E⋅I⋅L  4⋅a 6⋅E⋅I⋅L  4⋅b

ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
p⋅b⋅c x  2  c2  
y AC = ⋅ − x + a ⋅  L + b − 
6 ⋅ L E ⋅ I   4 ⋅ a  

p    c 
4
 c2  
y CD = ⋅  L ⋅  x −  a −  − 4 ⋅ b ⋅ c ⋅ x3 + 4 ⋅ a ⋅ b ⋅ c ⋅  L + b − ⋅ x
24 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L    2   4⋅a 
 
p⋅a⋅c L − x   c2  
⋅ − ( L − x ) + b ⋅  L + a −
2
y = ⋅ 
DB
6⋅L E ⋅ I   4 ⋅ a   M max
3.2.3 CARGA TRAPEZOIDAL EN TODA LA VIGA

Formulario para vigas y pórticos


REACCIONES
1 1
RA = ( 2 ⋅ p1 + p2 ) ; RB = ( p1 + 2 ⋅ p2 ) .
6 6 P1
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
P2
p ( 3 ⋅ L − x ) + p2 ⋅ x 2
QA = RA ; Qx = RA − 1 ⋅x ; QB = −RB
6⋅L
A B
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
p ( 3L − x ) + p2 ⋅ x 2 x
Mx = RA ⋅ x − 1 ⋅x
6⋅L
L
L2 L2
Mmax comprendido entre 0,125 ⋅ ⋅ ( p1 + p2 ) y 0,128 ⋅ ⋅ ( p1 + p2 )
2 2
1  1  QA
para x 0 = ⋅  − p1 +
p2 − p1  3
(
⋅ p12 + p22 + p1 ⋅ p2  )

QB
ANGULOS DE GIRO
L3 L 3
ϕA = ⋅ ( 8 ⋅ p1 + 7 ⋅ p2 ) ; ϕB = − ⋅ ( 7 ⋅ p1 + 8 ⋅ p2 )
360 ⋅ E ⋅ I 360 ⋅ E ⋅ I

ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA

x ( L − x ) 3 ( p1 − p2 ) x − 3 ( 4 p1 + p2 ) Lx +
3 2

yx =  
360EI ( 8 p1 + 7p2 ) L2 x + ( 8 p1 + 7p2 ) L3 

FLECHA MAXIMA
( p + p2 ) ⋅ L4 y
entre 0,01302 ⋅ 1 0,01304 ⋅
( p1 + p2 ) ⋅ L4
2⋅E⋅I 2⋅E⋅I M max
x0

3.7
3.8
3.2.4 MOMENTO FLECTOR
REACCIONES
M
R A = −R B = −
L +M
C
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
M A B
Qx = = cte a b
L

MOMENTOS FLECTORES L
M M
MAC = − ⋅ x MCB = − ⋅ ( L − x )
L L
izq M der M
MC = − ⋅ a MC = − ⋅ b M = MCizq + MCder
L L

ANGULOS DE GIRO
M ⋅ L  b2  M ⋅ L  a2 
ϕA = ⋅  3 ⋅ 2 − 1 ; ϕ B = ⋅3⋅ − 1
6⋅E⋅I  L  6 ⋅ E ⋅ I  L2 
QA QB
M
( )

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


ϕC = 3
⋅ a +b 3

3 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L2

ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
M⋅ L ⋅ x  b2 x 2 
y AC = − ⋅ 1− 3 ⋅ 2 − 2 
6⋅E⋅I  L L  MC
M ⋅ L ⋅ (L − x)  a2  L − x  
2

yCB = − ⋅ 1− 3 ⋅ 2 −   
6⋅E⋅I  L  L   M

MC
FLECHA
M⋅ a ⋅ b
fC = ⋅ ( b − a)
3⋅E⋅I⋅L
3.3 VIGA EMPOTRADA EN LOS EXTREMOS

Formulario para vigas y pórticos


P
3.3.1 CARGA PUNTUAL EN LA VIGA

REACCIONES C
P ⋅ b2 P ⋅ a2 A B
RA = 3 ⋅ ( L + 2 ⋅ a) ; RB = ⋅ ( L + 2 ⋅ b)
L L3
x
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
P ⋅ b2 P ⋅ a2 a b
QAC = 3 ⋅ ( L + 2 ⋅ a) = cte ; QCB = − ⋅ ( L + 2 ⋅ b ) = cte
L L3
L
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
P ⋅ a ⋅ b2 P ⋅ a2 ⋅ b P ⋅ b2
MA = − ; MB = − ; M AC = ⋅ ( L ⋅ x + 2 ⋅ a ⋅ x − a ⋅ L)
L2 L2 L3 QB
P ⋅ a2 2 ⋅ P ⋅ a2 ⋅ b2
MBC
L
(
= 3 ⋅ L ⋅ b + L2 − L ⋅ x − 2 ⋅ b ⋅ x ; MC = ) L3
para x0 = a
QA
ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
P ⋅ b2  2 ⋅ a ⋅ x  x2
y AC = ⋅3 ⋅a − x − ⋅
6⋅E⋅I  L  L2
L − x ⋅  (L − x) MB
2
P ⋅ a2 
y BC = ⋅  3 ⋅ b − (L − x) − 2 ⋅ b ⋅ MA
6⋅E⋅I  L  L2

FLECHAS
MC
P ⋅ a3 ⋅ b3 2 ⋅ P ⋅ a3 ⋅ b2
fC = ; fmax =
3 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L3 3 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ ( L + 2 ⋅ a)
2
x
2 ⋅a⋅ L 0
para x=

3.9
L + 2⋅a
3.10
3.3.2 CARGA CONTÍNUA EN PARTE DE LA VIGA
c

REACCIONES P
p ⋅ b ⋅ c MA − MB p ⋅ a ⋅ c MA − MB
RA = − ; RB = +
L L L L C D
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES A B
 c
QAC = RA = cte ; QBD = −RB = cte ; QCD = RA − p ⋅  x − a +  x
 a

MOMENTOS FLECTORES a b
2
p  c
MAC = RA ⋅ x + MA ; MCD = RA ⋅ x + MA − ⋅x − a+  L
2  2
p ⋅ c3  12 ⋅ a ⋅ b2 
MBD = RB ⋅ ( L − x ) + MB ; MA = − ⋅L − 3⋅b + 
12 ⋅ L2  c2  Q
A
p ⋅ c3  12 ⋅ a2 ⋅ b 
MB = − ⋅ L − 3⋅a+

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


2  
12 ⋅ L  c2  Q
B

ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
x2
y AC = ⋅ ( −3 ⋅ MA − RA ⋅ x )
6⋅E⋅I
1   c
4
 MA
yCD = ⋅  p ⋅  x − a +  − 4 ⋅ RA ⋅ x 3 − 12 ⋅ MA ⋅ x 3  MB
24 ⋅ E ⋅ I   2 
1
y DB = RB x 3 − 3 ( MB + LRB ) x 2 + 3 ( 2 MA + LRB ) Lx − ( 3 MB + LRB ) L2 
6EI 
3.3.3 CARGA TRAPEZOIDAL EN TODA LA VIGA

Formulario para vigas y pórticos


REACCIONES
L M − MB
RA = ⋅ ( 2 ⋅ p1 + p2 ) − A P1
6 L
L MA − MB
P2
RB = ⋅ ( p1 + 2 ⋅ p2 ) +
6 L

ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
A B
QA = RA
p1 ⋅ ( 2 ⋅ L − x ) + p2 ⋅ x x
Qx = RA − ⋅x
2⋅L L
QB = −RB

MOMENTOS FLECTORES
L2
MA = − ( 3 ⋅ p1 + 2 ⋅ p2 ) Q
60 A
p ⋅ ( 3 ⋅ L − x ) + p2 ⋅ x 2
Mx = RA ⋅ x + MA − 1 ⋅x Q
6⋅L B
L2
MB = − ( 2 ⋅ p1 + 3 ⋅ p2 )
60

ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA

x2  ( p − p1) 3  MA
yx = ⋅ 2 ⋅ x + p1 ⋅ L ⋅ x 2 − 4 ⋅ RA ⋅ L ⋅ x − 12 ⋅ MA ⋅ L  MB
24 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L  5 

3.11
3.12
3.3.4 MOMENTO FLECTOR

REACCIONES
6⋅M 6⋅M
RA = − 3 ⋅ a ⋅ b ; RB = ⋅a⋅b
L L3 C +M
A B
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
6⋅M x
Qx = − ⋅ a ⋅ b = cte
L3
a b
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
M⋅ a  b M⋅ b  a L
MA = ⋅2 − 3⋅  MB = − ⋅2 − 3⋅ 
L  L L  L
M⋅ a  a  x 
MAC = ⋅ 3 ⋅ ⋅ 1− 2 ⋅  − 1
L  L  L 
M⋅ b  b  L−x 
MCB = − ⋅ 3 ⋅ ⋅ 1− 2 ⋅  − 1 QA QB
L  L  L  
6⋅M 2 M 3
MCizq = MA − MCder = MA + (
⋅ L − 6 ⋅ a2 ⋅ b )

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


⋅a ⋅b ;
L3 L3

ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
M ⋅ b ⋅ x2  L− x b
y AC = ⋅2⋅a⋅ 2 − 
2⋅E⋅I⋅L  L L
MC
M⋅ a ⋅ ( L − x )
2
 b⋅ x a MB
y BC = ⋅2 ⋅ 2 − 
2⋅E⋅I⋅L  L L
MA
FLECHA
M ⋅ a2 ⋅ b2 MC
fC = − ⋅ ( a − b)
2 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L3
3.4 VIGA APOYADA-EMPOTRADA

Formulario para vigas y pórticos


3.4.1 CARGA PUNTUAL EN LA VIGA P
REACCIONES
P ⋅ b2 P⋅a C
RA =
2 ⋅ L3
⋅ ( 3 ⋅ L − b ) ; RB =
2 ⋅ L3
(
⋅ 3 ⋅ L2 − a2 ) A B
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
P ⋅ b2 P⋅a
x
QAC = −
2 ⋅ L3
⋅ ( 3 ⋅ L − b ) = cte ; QCB = −
2 ⋅ L3
(
⋅ 3 ⋅ L2 − a2 = const. )
a b
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
P⋅a 2 P⋅a 2 L
MB = −
2 ⋅ L2
(
⋅ L − a2 )
; MC =
2 ⋅ L3
⋅ b ⋅ ( 3 ⋅ a + 2 ⋅ b)

P⋅x 2 P⋅a
MAC =
2 ⋅ L3
⋅ b ⋅ ( 3 ⋅ a + 2 ⋅ b ) ; MCB =
2 ⋅ L3
(
⋅ 2 ⋅ L3 − 3 ⋅ L2 ⋅ x + a2 ⋅ x )
Q
B
ANGULOS DE GIRO
P ⋅ a ( L − a)
2
P ⋅ a ⋅ ( L − a)
2
Q
ϕA =
4⋅E⋅I⋅L
; ϕC =
4⋅E⋅I⋅L 3 (
⋅ L2 − 2 ⋅ a ⋅ L − a2 ) A

ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
P ⋅ b2 ⋅ x
y AC = ⋅ 3 ⋅ a ⋅ L2 − x 2 ⋅ ( 2 ⋅ L + a) 
12 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L3  MB
P ⋅ a ⋅ ( L − x)
2
  a2   a2   L − x  
y BC = ⋅ 3 ⋅ 1− 2  −  3 − 2  ⋅  
12 ⋅ E ⋅ I   L   L   L  

FLECHA MAXIMA
p ⋅ b2 ⋅ a a a
fmax = ⋅ para x=L ⋅

3.13
6⋅E⋅I 2⋅L + a 2⋅L + a MC
3.14
3.4.2 CARGA CONTÍNUA EN PARTE DE LA VIGA
c
REACCIONES P
p ⋅ b ⋅ c MB p ⋅ a ⋅ c MB
RA = + ; RB = −
L L L L

ESFUERZOS CORTANTES C
 c A B
QAC = RA = cte ; QDB = −RB = cte ; QCD = RA − p ⋅  x − a + 
 2
x
MOMENTOS FLECTORES a b
2
p  c L
MAC = RA ⋅ x ; MCD = RA ⋅ x − ⋅  x − a + 
2  2
p⋅a⋅b⋅c  c2 
MDB = RB ⋅ ( L − x ) + MB ; MB = − ⋅  L + a − 
2 ⋅ L2  4⋅b QB
ANGULOS DE GIRO
QA

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


p ⋅ c3  12 ⋅ a ⋅ b2 
ϕA = ⋅  L − 3b + 
48 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L  c2 

ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
x   12 ⋅ a ⋅ b2  
MB
y AC = ⋅  −8 ⋅ RA ⋅ L ⋅ x 2 + p ⋅ c3 ⋅  L − 3b + 
48 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L   c2  
1   c
4
 12ab2  
yCD = ⋅  −8RALx 3 + 2 pL  x − a +  + pc3  L − 3b +  x
48 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L   4  c2  

(L − x)
2

y DB = − ⋅ RB ⋅ ( L − x ) + 3 ⋅ MB 
6⋅E⋅I
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.4.3 CARGA TRAPEZOIDAL EN TODA LA VIGA
P2
REACCIONES P1
L M L M
RA = ⋅ ( 2 ⋅ p1 + p2 ) + B ; RB = ⋅ ( p1 + 2 ⋅ p2 ) − B
6 L 6 L
A B
x
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES L
p1 ⋅ ( 2 ⋅ L − x ) + p2 ⋅ x
Qx = RA − ⋅x ; QB = −RB
2⋅L
Q Q
A B
MOMENTOS FLECTORES

p1 ⋅ ( 3 ⋅ L − x ) + p2 ⋅ x L2
Mx = RA ⋅ x − ⋅ x2 ; MB = − ⋅ ( 7 ⋅ p1 + 8 ⋅ p2 )
6⋅L 120

ANGULOS DE GIRO
MB
L3
ϕA = ⋅ ( 3 ⋅ p1 + 2 ⋅ p2 )
240 ⋅ E ⋅ I

ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA

x 
yx = ( p2 − p1) x4 + 5Lp1x3 − 20RALx2 + 5L 12RAL2 − ( 3p1 + p2 ) L3  
120EIL 

3.15
3.16
3.4.4 MOMENTO FLECTOR

REACCIONES

3 M 2
RA = −RB = (
⋅ ⋅ L − a2 )
C +M
2 L3
A B
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
x
Qx = RA = cte
a b
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
L
M
MCder = RA ⋅ a − M ; MCizq = RA ⋅ a ; (
⋅ L2 − 3 ⋅ a2
MB =
2 ⋅ L2
)
3 M⋅ x 2 M  x  a2  
MAC = ⋅
2 L3
(
⋅ L − a2 ) ; MBC = ⋅ 3 ⋅ ⋅ 1− 2  − 2 
2  L  L  

ANGULOS DE GIRO

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


QA QB
M M  b  a 2 
ϕA = ⋅ ( L − a) ⋅ ( 3 ⋅ a − L ) ; ϕC = ⋅ b ⋅ 3 ⋅ ⋅ 1+  − 4 
4⋅E⋅I⋅L 4⋅E⋅I  L  L  

ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
MC
M⋅ b ⋅ x 
y AC =
4 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L3 
( )
⋅ −4 ⋅ L3 − x 2 − 3 ⋅ L2 ⋅ ( a + L ) 

M MB
y BC =
4 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L3  (
⋅ ( L − x ) ⋅ 2 ⋅ a2 ⋅ L − x ⋅ L2 − a2 
2
 )
MC
3.5 VIGA EMPOTRADA EN UN EXTREMO

Formulario para vigas y pórticos


3.5.1 CARGA PUNTUAL EN LA VIGA P
C

REACCIONES
A B
RB = P
x
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
QAC = 0 ; QCB = −P = cte a b

L
MOMENTOS FLECTORES

MAC = 0 ; MCB = −P ⋅ ( x − a) ; MB = −P ⋅ b

ANGULOS DE GIRO

P QB
ϕ A = ϕC = − ⋅ b2
2⋅E⋅I

ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA

P ⋅ b2 P
⋅ ( 3 ⋅ ( L − x ) − b) ⋅ ( L − x ) ⋅ ( 2 ⋅ b + 3 ⋅ a)
2
y AC = ; y CB =
6⋅E⋅I 6⋅E⋅I

MB
FLECHA MAXIMA
P ⋅ b3 P ⋅ b2
fC = ; fA = ⋅ ( 2 ⋅ b + 3 ⋅ a)
3⋅E⋅I 6⋅E⋅I

3.17
3.18
3.5.2 CARGA CONTÍNUA EN PARTE DE LA VIGA

REACCIONES . c
RB = p ⋅ c
P
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES .
 c A
QAC = 0 ; QCD = − p ⋅  x − a +  ; QDB = − p ⋅ c = cte C D
 2
B
MOMENTOS FLECTORES .
2
 c x
p⋅ x − a+ 
2 p ⋅ c2
MAC = 0 ; MCD = −  ; MD = − a
2 2 b
MDB = − p ⋅ c ⋅ ( x − a) ; MB = − p ⋅ c ⋅ b
L
ANGULOS DE GIRO .
p ⋅ c  2 c2  p ⋅ c  2 c2 
ϕD = − ⋅b −  ; ϕC = − ⋅b +  ; ϕ A = ϕC
2⋅E⋅I  4  2⋅E⋅I  12 

ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA .

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


p⋅c p⋅c   c2   Q
y DB =
6⋅E⋅I
( )
⋅ L − x 2 ⋅ ( 2 ⋅ b − a + x ) ; y AC = ⋅  ( a − x ) ⋅  3 ⋅ b2 +
6 ⋅ E ⋅ I  4 
3
 + 2⋅b 

B

p  c
4
 c2  
y DC = ⋅   x − a +  + 4 ⋅ c ⋅ ( a − x ) ⋅  3 ⋅ b2 + 3
 + 8 ⋅ b ⋅ c
24 ⋅ E ⋅ I  2  4  

FLECHAS .
2
p⋅ c  c b c 
fD = ⋅ b−  ⋅ +  M
E ⋅ I  2  3 12  B

p ⋅ c  
2
c p⋅ c   c2  
fC = ⋅  b +  ⋅ ( 4 ⋅ b − c) + c3  ; fA = ⋅ a ⋅  3 ⋅ b2 +  + 2 ⋅ b3 
12 ⋅ E ⋅ I  2  6 ⋅ E ⋅ I   4  
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.5.3 CARGA TRAPEZOIDAL EN TODA LA VIGA

REACCIONES
1
RB = ( p1 + p2 ) P2
2
P1
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
A
p − p1 x 2 L
Qx = − 2 ⋅ − p1 ⋅ x ; QB = − ( p1 + p2 )
2 L 2 B
MOMENTOS FLECTORES x

x2 L2
Mx = − ⋅ ( p2 − p1) ⋅ x + 3 ⋅ L ⋅ p1 ; MB = − ⋅ ( p2 + 2 ⋅ p1 ) L
6⋅L  6

ANGULOS DE GIRO

L3 ⋅ ( 3 ⋅ p1 + p2 )
ϕA = −
24 ⋅ E ⋅ I

ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA QB
2  ( L − x) 
3

yx =
( L − x ) − ( p2 − p1 ) + ( L − x ) p2 − 
2

 5L 
24EI  
 −2 L ( L − x )( p2 + p 1 ) + 2 L2
( p 2 + 2 p1 ) 

FLECHA
MB
L4 ⋅ ( 4 ⋅ p2 + 11⋅ p1 )
fA =
120 ⋅ E ⋅ I

3.19
3.20
3.5.4 MOMENTO FLECTOR

REACCIONES M
A
RB = 0 B

ESFUERZO CORTANTE x
Qx = 0 a b

MOMENTOS FLECTORES L

MAC = 0 ; MCB = − M = cte ; MAC = − M

ANGULOS DE GIRO

M⋅ b
ϕC = ϕ A = −
E⋅I

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA

M M
⋅ b ⋅ ( 2 ⋅ L − 2 ⋅ x − b) (L − x)
2
y AC = ; y BC =
2⋅E⋅I 2⋅E⋅I

FLECHA

M ⋅ b2 M
fC = ; fA = ⋅ b ⋅ ( 2 ⋅ L − b)
2⋅E⋅I 2⋅E⋅I MB
3.6 VIGAS CONTINUAS DE DOS VANOS IGUALES

Formulario para vigas y pórticos


P P P

A B C A B C
L/2 L/2 L/2 L/2 L/2 L/2
L L L L

0,688 P
0,312 P 0,405 P
0,094 P 0,094 P

A B C A B C

0,312 P
0,688 P 0,594 P

ESFUERZOS CORTANTES ESFUERZOS CORTANTES

- 0,188 PL
- 0,094 PL

A B C A B C

0,156 PL 0,156 PL 0,203 PL

MOMENTOS FLECTORES MOMENTOS FLECTORES

3.21
3.22
Q Q Q

A B C A B C
L L L L

0,625 QL
0,375 L
0,375 QL 0,437 QL
0,063 QL

A B C A B C

0,375 QL
0,375 L 0,563 QL
0,625 QL 0,437 L

ESFUERZOS CORTANTES ESFUERZOS CORTANTES

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


2 2
- 0,125 QL - 0,063 QL

A B C A B C
2 2 2
0,07 QL 0,07 QL 0,096 QL

MOMENTOS FLECTORES MOMENTOS FLECTORES


3.7 VIGAS CONTINUAS DE DOS VANOS DESIGUALES

Formulario para vigas y pórticos


Q Q
Relación
MOMENTOS
entre ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
A
L
B
k L
C
luces FLECTORES

k a b c d e f g

1,1 0,361 0,639 0,676 0,424 0,065 0,139 0,09


c QL
1,2 0,345 0,655 0,729 0,471 0,060 0,155 0,111
d L
a QL
1,3 0,326 0,674 0,784 0,516 0,053 0,174 0,133
1,4 0,305 0,695 0,840 0,560 0,047 0,195 0,157
C
A B
1,5 0,281 0,719 0,896 0,604 0,040 0,219 0,183

b QL 1,6 0,255 0,745 0,953 0,647 0,033 0,245 0,209


d QL
a L 1,7 0,226 0,774 1,011 0,689 0,026 0,274 0,237
1,8 0,195 0,805 1,070 0,730 0,019 0,305 0,267
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
1,9 0,161 0,839 1,128 0,772 0,013 0,339 0,298
2,0 0,125 0,875 1,128 0,812 0,008 0,375 0,330
2
f QL 2,1 0,086 0,914 1,247 0,853 0,004 0,414 0,364
2,2 0,045 0,954 1,308 0,892 0,001 0,455 0,399
2,3 0,001 0,999 1,367 0,933 0,000 0,499 0,435
A B C

2 k 2 − k +1 k f
e QL f= a = 0.5 − f b = 0.5 + f c= +
2
g QL 8 2 k
k f a2 d2

3.23
MOMENTOS FLECTORES d= − e= g=
2 k 2 2
3.24
Q Q
Relación
MOMENTOS
entre ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
A
L B
k L C
luces FLECTORES

k a b c d f g
c QL
2,4 -0,045 1,045 1,427 0,973 0,545 0,473
d L 2,5 -0,094 1,094 1,487 1,013 0,594 0,513
2,6 -0,145 1,145 1,548 1,051 0,645 0,553
A
B C 2,7 -0,198 1,198 1,608 1,091 0,698 0,595
a QL
2,8 -0,255 1,255 1,669 1,130 0,755 0,638

b QL
d QL 2,9 -0,313 1,313 1,730 1,169 0,813 0,683

ESFUERZOS CORTANTES 3,0 -0,375 1,375 1,791 1,208 0,875 0,730

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


2
f QL

k 2 − k +1
f= a = 0.5 − f b = 0.5 + f
8
k f a2 d2
d= − e= g=
A B C 2 k 2 2

2
MOMENTOS FLECTORES g QL
3.8 VIGAS CONTINUAS DE TRES VANOS CON SIMETRIA DE LUCES

Formulario para vigas y pórticos


Q Q Q

Relación
ESFUERZOS MOMENTOS
entre
A B C D luces CORTANTES FLECTORES
L k L L
k a b c e f g

0,6 0,420 0,580 0,300 0,088 0,080 -0,035

a L 0,7 0,418 0,582 0,350 0,087 0,081 -0,020


a QL b QL
c QL 0,8 0,414 0,586 0,400 0,086 0,086 -0,006
0,9 0,408 0,592 0,450 0,083 0,091 -0,009
B D

A C

c QL
b QL a QL
a L
k3 + 1
f= a = 0.5 − f b = 0.5 + f
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES 12 ⋅ k + 8

k a2 k2
2 2 c= e= g= −f
f QL f QL 2 2 8
2
g QL

A B C D

2 2
e QL e QL

3.25
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
3.26
Q Q Q

Relación
ESFUERZOS MOMENTOS
entre
A B C D luces CORTANTES FLECTORES
L k L L
k a b c e f g

1,0 0,400 0,600 0,500 0,080 0,100 0,025

a L 1,1 0,390 0,610 0,550 0,076 0,110 0,041


a QL b QL
c QL 1,2 0,378 0,622 0,600 0,072 0,122 0,058
1,3 0,365 0,635 0,650 0,066 0,135 0,076
D
A B C 1,4 0,349 0,651 0,700 0,061 0,151 0,094
1,5 0,322 0,668 0,750 0,055 0,168 0,113
b QL c QL 1,6 0,313 0,687 0,800 0,049 0,187 0,133
a QL
a L 1,7 0,292 0,708 0,850 0,043 0,208 0,153

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


ESFUERZOS CORTANTES 1,8 0,269 0,731 0,900 0,036 0,231 0,174
1,9 0,245 0,755 0,950 0,030 0,255 0,196
2,0 0,219 0,781 1,000 0,024 0,281 0,219
2 2
f QL f QL
k3 + 1
f= a = 0.5 − f b = 0.5 + f
12 ⋅ k + 8
A B C D
2 2 2
e QL g QL e QL k a2 k2
c= e= g= −f
2 2 8
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
3.9 PORTICOS SIMPLES BIARTICULADOS A LA MISMA ALTURA. DINTEL HORIZONTAL

Formulario para vigas y pórticos


I2 h
k= ⋅ y N = 3 + 2k
I1 l a s

p
3.9.1 CARGA REPARTIDA VERTICAL
B C
I 2
x
REACCIONES
m n
psn I 1 I 1
h
VA =
l
psm
VD =
l A D
3 ps  s 2
HA = HD =  mn −  l
2hlN  12 

MOMENTOS FLECTORES MB MC

3 ps  s2 
MB = MC = − ⋅  mn − 
2 lN  12 
En S
p(x − m)2
Mx = VA ⋅ x − − HA ⋅ h
2
HA HD

3.27
VA VD
3.28
3.9.2 CARGA REPARTIDA HORIZONTAL

REACCIONES p B
C
I 2
ph2
VA = VD =
2l
ph ( 2N + k ) I 1 I 1
h
HD =
8N y

ph ( 6N − k )
HA = A D
8N
l

MOMENTOS FLECTORES

ph2 MB MC
( 2N − k )

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


MB =
8N MB
ph2
MC = − ( 2N + k )
8N
En AB
py(h − y) y
MY = + ⋅ MB
2 h
HA HD

VA VD
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.9.3 CARGA PUNTUAL VERTICAL SOBRE DINTEL

P
m n
REACCIONES
B C
Pn I
VA = 2
l
Pm
VD =
l I 1 I 1
h
3 Pmn
HA = HD =
2 lhN
A D

MOMENTOS FLECTORES l

3 Pmn
MB = MC = − ⋅
2 lN
MB MC
2N − 3
MP = Pmn
2lN

MP

HA HD

3.29
VA VD
3.30
3.10 PÓRTICOS SIMPLES BIARTICULADOS A LA MISMA ALTURA. DINTEL INCLINADO

I3 h1 I3 h 2
k1 = ⋅ y k2 = ⋅
I1 s I2 s
p
3.10.1 CARGA REPARTIDA VERTICAL
C
s
f
REACCIONES I 3
B
pl x I 2
h2
VA = VD =
2 h1 I 1
pl 2 h1 + h2
HA = HD =
8 h12 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2 A D

l
MOMENTOS FLECTORES

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


MB = −
pl2 ( h1 + h2 ) h1 MC
8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2

MC = −
pl 2 ( h1 + h2 ) h2 MB
8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2

En BC
px(l − x) f 
MX = − HA  x + h1 
2  l  HA HD

VA VD
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.10.2 CARGA REPARTIDA HORIZONTAL SOBRE PILAR

C
s
REACCIONES f
p I 3
ph12 B
VA = VD = I 2
h2
2l
I
HA = ph1 − HD h1 1
y
ph12 h1 ( 4 + 5k 1 ) + 2h2 A D
HD =
8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2

MOMENTOS FLECTORES
MC
ph12 ph3 h1 ( 4 + 5k 1 ) + 2h2
MB = − 1 2
2 8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
MB
ph12 h2 h1 ( 4 + 5k 1 ) + 2h2
MC =
8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2

En AB
py 2
MY = HA y − HA HD
2
VA VD

3.31
3.32
3.10.3 CARGA REPARTIDA HORIZONTAL SOBRE DINTEL

p
REACCIONES C
s
pf ( h1 + h2 ) f
VA = VD = I y
2l 3
B
HA = pf − HD I 2
h2

h1 I 1

pf 8h (1+ k 1 ) + 4h1h2 + f ( h1 + h2 )
2
1
HD = A D
8 h (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2
1

MOMENTOS FLECTORES

pfh1 8h1 (1+ k 1 ) + 4h1h2 + f ( h1 + h2 )


2 MC
MB = pfh1 −

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


8 h12 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
MB
ph2 8h (1+ k 1 ) + 4h1h2 + f ( h1 + h2 )
2
1
MC = −
8 h (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2
1

En BC HA HD

l py 2 VA VD
MY = −VA y + HA ( y + h1 ) −
f 2
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.10.4 CARGA PUNTUAL VERTICAL SOBRE DINTEL

C
REACCIONES
s
f
Pb I
VA = 3
l B
I h2
Pa 2
VD = a b
l h1 I 1

Pab h1(l + b) + h2 (l + a)
HA = HD = 2 2
2l h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2 A D

MOMENTOS FLECTORES

Pabh1 h1 ( l + b ) + h2 ( l + a ) MC
MB = −
2l 2
h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2

MB
Pabh2 h1 ( l + b ) + h2 ( l + a ) MP
MC = −
2l 2
h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2

Pab  af  HA HD
MP = + HA  + h1 
l  l  VA VD

3.33
3.34
3.11 PÓRTICOS SIMPLES BIARTICULADOS A LA MISMA ALTURA. DINTEL A DOS AGUAS
I2 h
k= ⋅
I1 s

3.11.1 CARGA REPARTIDA VERTICAL SOBRE DINTEL p


C

REACCIONES s
f
I 2
I 2
pl B D
VA = VE =
2 x

pl 2 8h + 5f I 1 I 1 h
HA = HE =
32 h ( 3 + k ) + f ( 3h + f )
2

A E

MOMENTOS FLECTORES l

pl 2 h

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


8h + 5f
MB = MD = −
32 h ( 3 + k ) + f ( 3h + f )
2
MC
2
pl f+h
MC = + MB
8 h
MB MD

En BC y DC
x (l − x) MB  2fx 
MX = p +  h+
2 h  l 
HA HE

VA VE
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.11.2 CARGA REPARTIDA VERTICAL SOBRE MEDIO DINTEL

p
REACCIONES
C
pl
VA = 3 s
8 f
I 2
I 2
pl
VE = B D
8 x
pl 2 8h + 5f I I
HA = HE = 1 1 h
64 h ( 3 + k ) + f ( 3h + f )
2

A E

MOMENTOS FLECTORES l

pl 2 h 8h + 5f
MB = MD = −
64 h ( 3 + k ) + f ( 3h + f )
2
MC
pl 2 f + h
MC = + MB
16 h
MB MD
En BC
x (l − x) MB  2fx 
MX = p + h+ l 
2 h  

HA HE

3.35
VA VE
3.36
3.11.3 CARGA REPARTIDA HORIZONTAL SOBRE PILAR

REACCIONES
C
ph2 s
VA = VE = f
2l I I
p 2 2
HA = ph − HE D
B

HE =
ph 2
( 5k + 12 ) h + 6f
16 h ( k + 3 ) + f ( f + 3h)
2 I 1 I 1 h
y
A E
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
l
ph2
MB = + MD
2 MC
ph2 f + h
MC = + MD
4 h

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


MD = −
ph3 ( 5k + 12 ) h + 6f
MB MD
16 h ( k + 3 ) + f ( f + 3h)
2

En AB
py 2
My = − + HA ⋅ y
2
HA HE

VA VE
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.11.4 CARGA REPARTIDA HORIZONTAL SOBRE DINTEL

REACCIONES
p C
pf
VA = VE = ( f + 2 h) s
f
2l I I
2 2
HA = pf − HE B D

pf 8h ( k + 3 ) + 5f ( f + 4h)
2
y
HE =
16 h2 ( k + 3 ) + f ( f + 3h) I 1 I 1 h
x
A E

MOMENTOS FLECTORES
l

MB = HA ⋅ h
pf 2 4h ( k + 2 ) + f ( 5h + f )
2 MC
MC = − ⋅ 2
16 h ( k + 3 ) + f ( f + 3h)
MD = −HE ⋅ h
MB MD

En BC
( y − h)
2

Mx = HA ⋅ y − VA ⋅ x − p
2
f HA HE
siendo y = x + h
l VA VE

3.37
3.38
3.11.5 CARGA PUNTUAL VERTICAL SOBRE DINTEL

p
REACCIONES
C

Pn s
VA = f
l I 2
I 2
Pm B D
VA =
l m n
(2
Pm 6hln+ f 3l − 4m
HA = HE = 2 2
2
) I 1 I 1 h

4 l h ( k + 3 ) + f ( f + 3 h) A E

l
MOMENTOS FLECTORES

MB = MD = −HA ⋅ h
MC
Pm h + f
MC = + MB
2 h

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


hl + 2fm MB MD
MP = VA ⋅ m − HA
l

HA HE

VA VE
3.12 PÓRTICOS SIMPLES BIARTICULADOS A DISTINTA ALTURA. DINTEL HORIZONTAL

Formulario para vigas y pórticos


I3 h1 I3 h 2
k1 = ⋅ y k2 = ⋅
I1 l I2 l

3.12.1 CARGA REPARTIDA VERTICAL SOBRE DINTEL


p
B C
REACCIONES I 3
x
2 2 I h2
pl pl h −h 2
VA = + 1 2
2 8 h12 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2 h1 I 1 D
2 2
pl pl h −h
VD = − 1 2
2 8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2

A
pl 2 h1 − h2
HA = HD =
8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2
l

MOMENTOS FLECTORES
MB MC

MB = −
pl 2 ( h1 + h2 ) h1
8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2

MC = −
pl 2 ( h1 + h2 ) h2
8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2
HD
En BC VD
px 2
Mx = VA ⋅ x − − HA ⋅ h1 HA
2

3.39
VA
3.40
3.12.2 CARGA REPARTIDA HORIZONTAL SOBRE PILAR

REACCIONES
p B
C
2
ph h − h2 I
VA = VD = − HD 1
1 3
2l l
I h2
HA = ph − HD 2

h1 I
ph12 5k1h1 + 4h1 + 2h2 1 D
HD =
8 h12 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2 y

A
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
l
ph2 ph3 5k1h1 + 4h1 + 2h2
MB = − 1 − 1 2
2 8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
MB MC
ph12 h2 5k1h1 + 4h1 + 2h2
MC = −
8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


2 MB

En AB
py 2
My = HA ⋅ y − HD
2
VD

HA

VA
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.12.3 CARGA PUNTUAL VERTICAL SOBRE DINTEL

P
a b
REACCIONES
B C
Pb Pab ( l + b ) h1 + ( l + a) h2 I
VA =
l
+ 3 2
2l h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
h1 − h2( ) 3

I 2
h2

h1 I 1
Pa Pab ( l + b ) h1 + ( l + a) h2 D
VD =
l
− 3 2
2l h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
h1 − h2( )
A

HA = HD =
Pab ( l + b ) h1 + ( l + a) h2 l
2l h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2 2

MOMENTOS FLECTORES
MB MC

MB = −
Pabh1 ( l + b) h1 + ( l + a) h2
2l 2
h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2

MP

HD
MC = −
Pabh2 ( l + b ) h1 + ( l + a) h2
2l 2
h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2 VD

HA

MP = VA ⋅ a + MB VA

3.41
3.42
3.13 PÓRTICOS SIMPLES BIEMPOTRADOS A LA MISMA ALTURA. DINTEL HORIZONTAL
I2 h
k= ⋅
I1 l

3.13.1 CARGA REPARTIDA VERTICAL SOBRE DINTEL p


B C
I 2
REACCIONES x

pl pl 2 I I h
VA = VD = HA = HD = 1 1
2 4h ( k + 2 )

A D
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
l
pl2
MA = MD =
12 ( k + 2 )

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


pl2 MB MC
MB = MC = −
6 ( k + 2)
En BC
px ( l − x ) pl 2
Mx = −
2 6( k + 2)
pl 2 3k + 2 l
Mmáx pos = para x =
24 k + 2 2 HA HD
MA MD
VA VD
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.13.2 CARGA REPARTIDA HORIZONTAL SOBRE PILAR

REACCIONES p B
C
2
ph k I
VA = VD = 2
l ( 6k + 1)
HA = ph − HD
I I h
ph ( 2k + 3 )
1 1

HD = y
8 ( k + 2)
A D
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
l
ph2  2 1 
MA = −  5 + 6k + 1 + k + 2 
24  
ph2  2 2  MB MC
MB = 1− +
24  6k + 1 k + 2 

MB
ph2  2 2 
MC = −  3 − 6k + 1 − k + 2 
24  
ph2  2 1 
MD =  3 + 6k + 1 − k + 2 
24  
En AB
HA HD
py 2
My = − + HA ⋅ y + MA MA MD
2 VA VD

3.43
3.44
3.13.3 CARGA PUNTUAL VERTICAL SOBRE DINTEL

REACCIONES P
m n

Pn  m ( n − m)  B C
VA = 1+ 2  I
l  l ( 6k + 1)  2

VD = P − VA
3Pmn I I h
HA = HD = 1 1
2lh(k + 2)

MOMENTOS FLECTORES A D

Pmn  1 n− m  l
MA =  − 
2l  k + 2 l ( 6k + 1) 

Pmn  1 n− m 
MB = −  +  MB MC
l  k + 2 2l ( 6k + 1) 

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


Pmn  1 n− m 
MC = −  − 
l  k + 2 2l ( 6k + 1)  MP

Pmn  1 n− m 
MD =  + 
2l  k + 2 l ( 6k + 1) 
Pmn nMB mMC
MP = + + HA HD
l l l MA MD
VA VD
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.13.4 CARGA PUNTUAL HORIZONTAL EN CABEZA DE PILAR

REACCIONES
P B
C
3Phk I
VA = VD = 2
l(6k + 1)
P
HA = HD =
2 I 1 I 1
h

MOMENTOS FLECTORES
A D

Ph 3k + 1
MA = − l
2 6k + 1
Ph 3k
MB = − MC =
2 6k + 1
MB MC
Ph 3k + 1
MD =
2 6k + 1

HA HD
MA MD
VA VD

3.45
3.46
3.14 PÓRTICOS SIMPLES BIEMPOTRADOS A LA MISMA ALTURA. DINTEL A DOS AGUAS
I2 h
k= ⋅
I1 s

p
3.14.1 CARGA REPARTIDA VERTICAL SOBRE DINTEL
C

s
REACCIONES f
I 2
I 2
pl B D
VA = VE = x
2
pl 2 k ( 4h + 5f ) + f I 1 I 1 h
HA = HE =
(
8 ( kh + f )2 + 4k h2 + hf + f 2 ) A E

l
MOMENTOS FLECTORES

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


pl2 kh ( 8h + 15f ) + f ( 6h − f )
MA = ME = MC
(
48 ( kh + f )2 + 4k h2 + hf + f 2 )
pl2 kh (16h + 15f ) + f 2
MB = MD = − MB MD
(
48 ( kh + f )2 + 4k h2 + hf + f 2 )
pl 2
MC = + MA − HA ( h + f )
8
En BC HA HE
2 MA ME
 2 xf  px
Mx = MA + VA ⋅ x − HA  h + − VA VE
 l  2
3.14.2 CARGA REPARTIDA VERTICAL SOBRE MEDIO DINTEL

Formulario para vigas y pórticos


REACCIONES p
pl C
VA = − VE
2 s
4k + 1 f
VE = 3 pl
32 ( 3k + 1) I 2
I 2

pl 2 k ( 4h + 5f ) + f B D
HA = HE = x
(
16 ( kh + f )2 + 4k h2 + hf + f 2 ) I 1 I 1 h
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
A E
pl 2 kh ( 8h + 15f ) + f ( 6h − f ) pl 2
MA = −
(
96 ( kh + f ) + 4k f 2 + fh + h2
2
) 64 ( 3k + 1) l

pl 2 kh ( 8h + 15f ) + f ( 6h − f ) pl 2
ME = + MC
(
96 ( kh + f )2 + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 ) 64 ( 3k + 1)

pl 2 kh (16h + 15f ) + f 2 pl 2 MB MD
MB = − −
(
96 ( kh + f )2 + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 )
64 ( 3k + 1)

pl 2 kh (16h + 15f ) + f 2 pl2


MD = − +
(
96 ( kh + f )2 + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 )
64 ( 3k + 1)
HA HE
MA ME
 2 xf  px 2 VA VE
En BC Mx = MA + VA ⋅ x − HA  h + −
 l  2
l
MC = VE + ME − HE ( f + h)

3.47
2
3.48
3.14.3 CARGA REPARTIDA HORIZONTAL SOBRE PILAR

REACCIONES
ph2 k C
VA = VE =
2l ( 3k + 1)
s
HA = ph − HE f
p I 2
I 2
ph2 k 2 h + k ( 2 f + 3 h) + f B D
HE =
(
4 ( kh + f )2 + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 ) I I
1 1 h
y
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
A E

 2 
ph2  kh ( k + 6 ) + kf (15h + 16f ) + 6f
2
2k + 1 l
MA = − + 6
 (
24  ( kh + f )2 + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 ) 3k + 1

MC
ph2
MB = MA + HA ⋅ h −
2

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


1
MC = ME − HE ( f + h) + VE
2 MB MD
MD = ME − HE ⋅ h

 
ph2  kh ( k + 6 ) + kf (15h + 16f ) + 6f
2 2
2k + 1
ME = − + 6
24 

2
(
( kh + f ) + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 ) 3k + 1
 HA HE
En AB
MA ME
py 2 VA VE
My = MA + HA ⋅ y −
2
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.14.4 CARGA REPARTIDA HORIZONTAL SOBRE DINTEL

REACCIONES

p
3 pf 4k ( f + h) + f C
VA = VE =
8 l 3k + 1 s
f
HA = pf − HE I 2
I 2
D
pf 2k h ( k + 4 ) + f (10kh + 5kf + f )
2 B
HE =
(
4 ( kh + f )2 + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 ) I 1
y
I 1 h

MOMENTOS FLECTORES A E

 kh ( 9f + 4h) + f ( 6h + f ) 
pf  3 4h ( 3k + 2 ) + f  l
MA = − f +
 (
24  ( kh + f )2 + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 ) 2 3k + 1 
 MC
MB = MA + HA ⋅ h
l
MC = ME − HE ( h + f ) + VE
2
MD = ME − HE ⋅ h MB MD

 kh ( 9f + 4h) + f ( 6h + f ) 
pf  3 4h ( 3k + 2 ) + f 
ME = −f +
 (
24  ( kh + f )2 + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 2) 3k + 1 

En BC HA HE
l ( y − h) p ( y − h)
2
MA ME
My = MA + HA ⋅ y − VA − VA VE
2f 2

3.49
3.50
3.14.5 CARGA PUNTUAL VERTICAL SOBRE DINTEL

REACCIONES p
VA = P − VE C
Pm 3l ( kl + m) − 2m
2

VE = 3 s
l 3k + 1 f
Pm 3kl ( f + h) − 4fm ( k + 1) + 3lm ( f − kh)
2 2 I 2 I 2
HA = HE = 2 B D
l 2
(
( kh + f ) + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 ) m n
I I h
MOMENTOS FLECTORES 1 1

A E
 3flh ( kl + 2m) − 4fm2 ( kh + 2 h + f ) + 2kh2 ln+ f 2 l ( 4m − l ) 
 
Pm 
MA = 2 
( (
kh + f ) + 4k f 2 + fh + h2
2
) 

l
2l  n n − m
( ) 
− 
 3k + 1 
MC
MB = MA − HA ⋅ h

Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras


l
MC = ME + VE − HE ( h + f )
2 MB MD
MD = ME − HE ⋅ h

 3flh ( kl + 2m) − 4fm2 ( kh + 2h + f ) + 2kh2 ln+ f 2 l ( 4m − l ) 


 
Pm 
ME = 2 
(
2
(
kh + f ) + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 ) 

2l  n n − m HA HE
( )  MA ME
+  VA VE
 3k + 1 
En BC
 2fm 
My = MA + VA ⋅ m − HA  h +
 l 

También podría gustarte