CUARTO FRIO PARA LA

REFRIGERACIÓN DE

arándanos
Presentado por:
Maria Fernanda Garcia
Laura Jimena Duque
Angy Paola
Santiago Sierra
Producto:
El producto a almacenar en el cuarto es el arándano azul,
también conocido como mora azul (Vaccinium corymbosum). Su color
característico se toma como referencia para confirmar la maduración del
fruto.
Es usado en la industria de alimentos para elaborar jaleas, mermeladas,
vinos y pastel.
El fruto que da el arbusto es una baya casi esférica, que depende de la
especie y cultivar, que puede variar en tamaño de 0,7 a 1,5 cm de diámetro y
en color desde azul claro hasta negro.
De las 30 especies que constituyen el género Vaccinium, solo un pequeño
grupo de ellas tiene importancia comercial. La especie que vamos a
conservar en el cuarto frio es el arándano agraz o mortiño (Vaccinium
meridionale Sw.) el cual es originario de las áreas frías norandinas de
Ecuador, Colombia y Venezuela.
Imagen 1. Vaccinium meridionale
Cantidad: Se desean almacenar 15 toneladas de arándanos.
Temperatura de ingreso:
La temperatura inicial del
estado del arándano es de 18°C.
Rango de temperatura de refrigeración:
-0.5 a 0 °C

Humedad relativa: 90-95%

4
Dimensiones del cuarto frío
Las medidas del cuarto frío diseñado para la refrigeración de los arándanos son:

- Ancho: 12m

- Largo: 12m

- Alto: 5 m

- Volumen: 500 m3
Material de soporte para el producto:
El producto será almacenado en canastas de plástico y las mismas, serán
almacenadas en estibas de madera. Los arándanos ingresaran al cuarto frío a una
temperatura ambiente, no se realizará preenfriamiento y la temperatura promedio de
refrigeración se tomará de -1 °C.

Serán en total 896 canastas, distribuidas en tendidos de 4 canastas, 8 tendidos por

estiba. La capacidad de cada canasta es de 15 kg, tiene las medidas de 60cm x 45
cm x 40 cm.
Serán 28 estibas y su peso seria de 0,9 kg.
 Material de construcción para el cuarto frío
El cuarto frio se construirá en acero inoxidable tipo 316 de 12 mm de
espesor, con aislamiento de poliuretano con espesor de 100 mm.

Para el gas refrigerante, usamos refrigerante R-404ª, ya que es material que

permite trabajar entre temperaturas de -45°C y 10°C.

7
 Ciclo de refrigeración
● El sistema de refrigeración empleado será el ciclo de Carnot, el cual
consta básicamente de cuatro equipos para obtener un ciclo cerrado.

● Compresor: Inicialmente el refrigerante es absorbido mediante el

compresor. Éste es comprimido entonces hasta que posea las
condiciones necesarias para la entrada al condensador.
● Material de construcción: Acero inoxidable 316.
 
 
● Condensador: En el condensador este refrigerante transfiere el calor de
condensación hacia un fluido externo y se transforma nuevamente al
estado líquido.
● Material de construcción: Acero inoxidable 316.
 
 
Válvula de expansión: El refrigerante (que ahora se encuentra en
estado líquido saturado) penetra en la válvula de expansión.
Una parte del calor latente se pierde, debido a la irreversibilidad
del proceso, entrando el refrigerante como una mezcla de
líquido y vapor al evaporador.
Material de construcción: Acero inoxidable 316.
 
 
Evaporador: Esta mezcla bifásica hierve a temperatura y presión
constante en el evaporador. Entonces el fluido exterior absorbe
ese calor latente del refrigerante enfriándose a su vez.
Material de construcción: Acero inoxidable 316 con serpentín de
cobre
 
Masa a refrigerar: 15 toneladas de arándanos
Temperatura de ingreso: 18°C
Rango de temperatura de refrigeración de arándanos : 0-2°C
Calor especifico: 0.92 (J/kg*K)
Humedad relativa: 80/85
Diametros de tuberias:
● cuarto
La tubería que se destinara la construcción de este   frio será en acero inoxidable tipo 316.
Para encontrar la dimensión de las tuberías será encontrando los valores de las velocidades según el
refrigerante.

Según la ecuación de continuidad:

V= velocidad (m/s)
m= flujo másico (Kg/s)
D= diámetro (m)
ρ: densidad (kg/m3)

12
Diametros de tuberias:
La velocidad del refrigerante es :
● Líquido: 0,5 a 1,25 m/s
● Aspiración: 4,5 a 15 m/s
● Descarga: 10 a 20 m/s

Las densidades según el estado del refrigerante son:

● Condensador a válvula: 1149,4 Kg/m3
● Válvula a evaporador: 897,6 Kg/m3
● Evaporador a compresor: 12,7 Kg/m3
● Compresor a condensador: 108,7 Kg/m3

Flujo másico: 0,15 Kg/s

Al reemplazar hallamos:

13
Diametros de tuberias:

 ●  
Tubería del condensador hasta la válvula:

 Tubería desde la válvula hasta el evaporador:

14
Diametros de tuberias:

 Tubería desde el evaporador hasta● el  compresor:

●  
 Tubería desde el compresor hasta el evaporador:

15
Tasa de eliminación de calor

●  
 Tasa de eliminación de calor

Interpolación de valores -2° C Interpolación de valores a 18° C

17
Tasa de eliminación de
calor

18
 You could use three columns, why not?

MARS JUPITER VENUS

Despite being red, Mars is a
cold place, not hot. It’s full
of iron oxide dust, which
gives the planet its reddish
cast
It’s a gas giant and the Venus has a beautiful
biggest planet in our Solar name and is the second
System. Jupiter is the planet from the Sun. It’s
fourth-brightest object in terribly hot—even hotter
the sky than Mercury

19
 A picture always
reinforces the concept

Images reveal large amounts of data

quickly, so remember: use an image
instead of long texts. Your audience will
appreciate that.

Venus has a beautiful name and is the

second planet from the Sun. It’s terribly
hot—even hotter than Mercury—and its
atmosphere is extremely poisonous

20
A picture is worth a
thousand words
And here too!

Images reveal large amounts of data quickly, so

remember: use an image instead of long texts. Your
audience will appreciate that

22
Awesome words
Because key words are great for catching your audience’s attention

23
 Infographics make your idea understandable…

MARS
Despite being red, Mars is a
cold place, not hot

JUPITER
It’s a gas giant and the biggest planet
in our Solar System
VENUS
Venus has a beautiful name, but
it’s terribly hot

24
 MERCURY
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and is only a bit larger
than our Moon

JUPITER
It’s a gas giant and the biggest planet in our Solar System

MARS
Despite being red, Mars is a cold place, not hot. The planet is
full of iron oxide dust

VENUS
Venus has a beautiful name, but it’s terribly hot, even hotter
than Mercury

If you want to modify this graph, click on it, follow the link,
change the data and replace it

25
 … and the same goes for tables

MASS DIAMETER SURFACE GRAVITY

(earths) (earths) (earths)

MERCURY 0,06 0,38 0,38

MARS 0,11 0,53 0,38

SATURN 95,2 9,4 1,16

26
This is a map
 A timeline always works fine

DAY 1 DAY 3 DAY 5

Mercury is the Despite being Saturn is composed
smallest planet in red, Mars is a mostly of hydrogen
our Solar System cold place, not and helium
hot

DAY 2 DAY 4
Venus has a Jupiter is the
beautiful name, biggest planet in
but it’s terribly our Solar System
hot

28
4,498,300,000
Big numbers catch your audience’s attention

29
 333,000.00earths is the Sun’s mass

24h 37m 23s

is Jupiter’s rotation period

386,000 km
is the distance between the Earth and the Moon

30
 Sometimes, reviewing concepts is a good idea

MERCURY VENUS MARS

Mercury is the closest planet to Venus has a beautiful name, but Despite being red, Mars is a cold
the Sun and is only a bit larger it’s terribly hot, even hotter than place, not hot. The planet is full of
than our Moon Mercury iron oxide dust

JUPITER SATURN NEPTUNE

It’s a gas giant and the fourth- Yes, this is the ringed one. It’s a Neptune is the farthest planet
brightest object in the sky gas giant, composed mostly of in our Solar System and the
hydrogen and helium fourth-largest

31
 VENUS
Venus has a beautiful name and
is the second planet from the
Sun. It’s terribly hot
Sometimes,
reviewing concepts
is a good idea
SATURN
Yes, this is the ringed one. It’s
a gas giant, composed mostly
of hydrogen and helium
MARS
Despite being red, Mars is a
cold place, not hot. The
planet is full of iron oxide
dust
NEPTUNE
Neptune is the farthest planet
in our Solar System and also
the fourth-largest
32
 Your services
MERCURY
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun
and the smallest one in the Solar System
—it’s only a bit larger than our Moon.
The planet’s name has nothing to do
with the liquid metal since it was named
after the Roman messenger god,
Mercury
VENUS
Venus has a beautiful name and is the
second planet from the Sun. It’s terribly
hot—even hotter than Mercury—and its
atmosphere is extremely poisonous. It’s
the second-brightest natural object in
the night sky after the Moon
33

MARS
Despite being red, Mars is
a cold place, not hot. It’s
full of iron oxide dust,
which gives the planet its
reddish cast
More services
JUPITER VENUS
It’s a gas giant and the Venus has a beautiful
biggest planet in our Solar name and is the second
System. Jupiter is the planet from the Sun. It’s
fourth-brightest object in terribly hot—even hotter
the sky than Mercury
34
Desktop Software
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