Analisis de Circuitos Capitulo 5

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Ciencia Ingeniería Analisis de Circuitos en Ingenieria (8th Edition)
Ejercicio 43
Capítulo 5, página 168
Analisis de Circuitos en Ingenieria
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Solución Verificado
Paso 1 1 de 3
V The voltage across comes from the nodal

=1
106

analysis of connecting a 1A source to the

V = 106 terminals. We choose 1 becomes it makes the
math simple, but you can choose another
value.
Paso 2 2 de 3
The equivalent resistance can be found from:

106
R= = 106 Ω V
1

R=
Resultado 3 de 3
106
Valora esta solución

Ejercicio 42 Ejercicio 44
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Ejercicio 42
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 5
We'll begin by adding an independent current test source of 1A. And then defining three clockwise
mesh currents from top to bottom as i1 , i2 and i3 . We can see that:

vab
= i2 − i3
15

And by mash analysis we get:
−11i3 + 32i2 + 0.5vab + 15i2 − 15i1 = 0

Paso 2 2 de 5
Immediately we determine:
i1 = −1A

i3 = 0.11vab

When solved we get:
v2 = −0.1197A

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Paso 3 3 de 5
And now we determine:
vab = 13.2V

and
vab
RT h =

1

RT h = 13.2Ω

Paso 4 4 de 5
Without an independent source this is the solution for both Norton and Thevenin equivalent.
Resultado 5 de 5
RT h = 13.2Ω


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Ejercicio 41
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 6
We'll call top nodes v1 and v2 . Nodal analysis gives us:

v1 v2
+ = −0.02v1

10 ⋅ 103 20 ⋅ 103

v2 − v1 = 1

By solving this we get:
v1 = −2.481mV

And v1 = vT h giving us:

vT h = −2.481mV

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Paso 2 2 de 6
Now we need to find RT h . And we do that by adding a new 1A test source between a and b and

finding the voltage on it vx .
vx vx
+ = 1 − 0.02vx

10 ⋅ 103 20 ⋅ 103

And we get:
vx = 49.63V

Now we can obtain the value of RT h as:
vx
RT h =

1

RT h = 49.63Ω

Paso 3 3 de 6
With known RT h and vT h we have all necessary information to calculate the power dissipated in

given resistors.
a)
To calculate the power we use the expression:

2
−2.481 ⋅ 10−3
P =( ) ⋅R
R + 49.63

For R = 1kΩ we get:
P = 5.587nW
Paso 4 4 de 6
b)
For R = 4.7kΩ we get:
P = 1.282nW
Paso 5 5 de 6
c)
For R = 10.54kΩ we get:
P = 578.5pW
Resultado 6 de 6
a)\ \ \ P = 5.587nW
b)\ \ \ P = 1.282nW
c)\ \ \ P = 578.5pW


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Ejercicio 40
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 3
First let's find the the current iN .
We'll get it by using mesh current analysis where we'll define two clockwise mesh currents ix and i2 .
Where i2 = iN .
−500ix + 2ix + 2500i2 = 0

−i2 − ix = 0.7
And after we solve it we get:
i2 = −0.116A

iN = −0.116A

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Paso 2 2 de 3
We'll get the resistance equivalent RN by connecting 1A test source and applying nodal analysis:

vx v1
+ =1

1500 3000

v1 − vx = 2ix

v1
= ix

3000

When we solve this we get voltage on the test source vx :
vx = 999.8V
Now we can get RN :
vx
RN =

1

RN = 999.8Ω
Resultado 3 de 3
iN = −0.116A

RN = 999.8Ω

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Ejercicio 38
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 4
Part A
4 + (11 + 21)∣∣2 + 10) = 15.9
Paso 2 2 de 4
Part B
4 + (11 + 21)∣∣2 + 12) = 17.9
Paso 3 3 de 4
Part C
10 + 12 = 22
Resultado 4 de 4
See Solutions
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Ejercicio 37
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 4
a)
Let's use nodal analysis here. We'll take the bottom node as reference node and label top nodes
from left to right as v1 , v2 and v3 .

We get two equations:
v1 v1 − v2
+ = 222

6 17

v3 − v2 v3 v3
+ + = −33

9 4 2

And we can see that:
v2 = 20V

Solving this we get:
v3 = −35.74V
And voc = v3 so:

voc = −35.74V
Now we'll find isc by applying KCL:

22
− Isc − 33 = 0
9

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isc = −30.78A

This gives us:

voc
RT h =

isc
RT h = 1.161Ω
Paso 2 2 de 4
b)
We can see that:
RT h = 2∣∣4∣∣9
RT h = 1.161Ω
Paso 3 3 de 4
c)
Let's call the current of the source is .
We can get the voltage on the source vs as:
vs = (2∣∣4∣∣9) ⋅ is

And this gives us:
(2∣∣4∣∣9) ⋅ is
RT h =

is
RT h = 1.161Ω
Resultado 4 de 4
RT h = 1.161Ω

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Ejercicio 36
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 4
a)
In the open circuit we describe voc as:
voc = i4Ω ⋅ 4Ω

Where:
2
i4Ω = 1A ⋅
2+1+4

i4Ω = 0.286A

voc = 1.143V

To get isc we use:

2 4
isc = 1A ⋅ ⋅
2 + 1 + 4∣∣3 3 + 4

isc = 0.242A

And now we get:

voc
RT h =

isc

RT h = 4.714Ω
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Paso 2 2 de 4
b)
Now we need the voltage on the source which we'll get as:
1A ⋅ (1 + 2 + 4∣∣3) = 4.714V
And we have:
4.714
RT h =
1

RT h = 4.714Ω

Paso 3 3 de 4
c)
Now we need the current in the source and we'll get it as:
1
= 0.212A
1 + 2 + 4∣∣3

And we have:
1
RT h =
0.212

RT h = 4.714Ω

Resultado 4 de 4
RT h = 4.714Ω



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Ejercicio 35
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 5
a)
We'll use nodal analysis to determine the value of Voc . The left node is −2V and the other two will

be v1 and v2 with the bottom one being reference node.

v1 + 2 v1 v1 − v2
+ + =0

10 7 20

v2 − v1 v
+ 2 =0

20 7

Voc = v2
After we solve this we get:
Voc = −0.185V

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Paso 2 2 de 5
Mesh current analysis gives us following equations:
2 + 17i1 − 7i2 = 0
−7i1 + 34i2 − 7isc = 0
−7i2 + 37isc = 0

When we solve the system of equations we get:
isc = −0.00523A
And:
Voc
RT h =

isc
RT h = 35.43Ω
Paso 3 3 de 5
b)
New nodal analysis gives us:
v1 v1 v1 − v2
+ + =0

10 7 20

v2 − v1 v v − vtest
+ 2+ 2 =0

20 7 30

vtest − v2
=1

30

Which when solved gives us:
vtest = 35.43V
35.43
RT h =
1

RT h = 35.43Ω
Paso 4 4 de 5
c)
Here we use mesh current analysis to obtain the equations:
17i1 − 7i2 = 0
−7i1 + 34i2 − 7i3 = −0

−7i2 + 37i3 = −1

Giving us:
i3 = −0.282A

1
RT h =
0.0282

RT h = 35.46Ω
Resultado 5 de 5
RT h = 35.43Ω


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Ejercicio 34
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 11
Given circuit diagram is,
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Paso 2 2 de 11
To apply the Norton's theorem, we will find the current Isc through the load resistor. For this we will

replace RL with short circuit as below figure,

Paso 3 3 de 11
To find Isc , we will find current by every independent source at a time. First we will active current

source and short circuit the voltage source as below,
Paso 4 4 de 11
Then by current division rule current Isc∣300 mA is,
7 ∗ 103
−3
Isc∣300mA = 300 ∗ 10 ∗
(5 + 7) ∗ 103

7
= 300 ∗ 10−3 ∗
12

−3
= 300 ∗ 10 ∗ .5833
= 0.175 A (1)
Then activating voltage source and open circuiting current source, then circuit is reduced as,
Paso 5 5 de 11
Then from above figure, current will flow through only short circuit wire as below figure. Then current
due to voltage source is,
2.5
Isc∣2.5V =
103

= 2.5 ∗ 10−3 A
= 2.5 mA (2)
Paso 6 6 de 11
Paso 7 7 de 11
From above figure 5 KΩ and 7 KΩ are in series then this resultant is in parallel with 1 KΩ and
6 KΩ. Then Rth is,
Rth = [(7 + 5) ∗ 103 ]∣∣1 ∗ 103 ∣∣6 ∗ 103

= [(12) ∗ 103 ]∣∣1 ∗ 103 ∣∣6 ∗ 103

12 ∗ 1
=[ ∗ 103 ]∣∣6 ∗ 103
12 + 1

= .9230 ∗ 103 ∣∣6 ∗ 103
.9230 ∗ 6
= ∗ 103
.9230 + 6

= 0.799 ∗ 103 Ω
= 0.8 KΩ (4)
Then Norton's equivalent circuit is drawn as,
Paso 8 8 de 11
(b) \ Norton's equivalent circuit when RL = 3.3 KΩ is as below,
Paso 9 9 de 11
Then load current IL through resistor 3.3

KΩ by current division rule is,
0.8 ∗ 103
IL = 0.1775 ∗
(0.8 + 3.3) ∗ 103

0.8
= 0.1775 ∗
(0.8 + 3.3)

0.8
= 0.1775 ∗

(4.1)

= 0.1775 ∗ 0.1951
= 0.034634 A
= 34.634 mA
Paso 10 10 de 11
(c) \ Circuit is simulated by PSpice as below figure,
Resultado 11 de 11
(a) \ Circuit is drawn.
(b) \ 34.63 mA
(c) \ Simulated by PSpice.

Ejercicio 33
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Solución Verificado Se añadió hace 1 año
Paso 1 1 de 3
The two equations from nodal analysis are: Part A
v1 + 2 v1 − v2
1: + =2

2 5

v2 − v1 v2 − 4
2: v2 + +

5 3

This results in:
v1 = 1.7 and v2 = 1.1 The equivalent

voltage is:
vth = v1 − v2 = 1.7 − 1.1 = 0.6

Combine the resisters to find the equivalent

resistance:
Rth = 5∣∣(2 + 1∣∣3) = 1.7

The equivalent current is:
Vth 0.6
Ith = = = 0.35

1.7

Rth
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Paso 2 2 de 3
The power dissipated is the load, First Part B

calculate the current of the load:
Rth Ith 1.7(0.35)

I= = = 0.88

5 + Rth 5 + 1.7

The power dissipated is thus:
P = 5I 2 = 5(0.88)2 = 0.039W
Resultado 3 de 3
See Solutions

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Ejercicio 31
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 12
Given circuit diagram after putting values of resistors and current source is,
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Paso 2 2 de 12
(a) \ To apply Thevenin's theorem we will find voltage across open circuit. We will solve this by mesh
analysis. Then drawing circuit to apply mesh analysis as below,
Paso 3 3 de 12
Paso 4 4 de 12
Paso 5 5 de 12
But from above circuit it is not easy to calculate Rth , so we will convert star network into delta

network according to figure as below,
Paso 6 6 de 12
Paso 7 7 de 12
Then equivalent circuit is represented as,
Paso 8 8 de 12
As from above circuit resistance 1.6 mΩ and 8.6 M Ω are in parallel. Same way 1.2 M Ω and
3.44 M Ω are in parallel. So equivalent circuit becomes,
Paso 9 9 de 12
From above circuit equivalent resistance Rth is,
Rth = (.8897 + 1.349) ∗ 106 ∣∣(6.45 ∗ 106 )

= (2.2387 ∗ 106 )∣∣(6.45 ∗ 106 )

1.2387 ∗ 6.45 ∗ 1012
=
(2.2387 + 6.45) ∗ 106

14.4396 ∗ 106
=
8.6887

= 1.6619 MΩ (11)
Then Thevenin's equivalent circuit is,
Paso 10 10 de 12
(b) \ Then power dissipated across load as RL = 1 MΩ

2
VOC
PL = ∗ RL

(RL + Rth )2

2.29612
= ∗ 1 ∗ 106
((1 + 1.6619) ∗ 10 )
6 2

5.2720
= ∗ 10− 6
7.0857

= 0.744 ∗ 10−6 W
= 0.744 μW
Paso 11 11 de 12
(c) \ circuit is simulated by PSpice is as below. From the circuit current through 1 M Ω resistor is =
−9 2 6 −
(862.70 ∗ 10 ) ∗ 10 = 744251.29 ∗ 10 12 = .744 μW
Resultado 12 de 12
(a) \ Equivalent circuit is drawn.
(b) \ 0.744 μW
(c) \ Circuit is simulated by PSpice.

Ejercicio 30
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 4
a)
We'll use superposition to get VT h as Vi + Vv .
Vi = 0.3 ⋅ (75 + 122∣∣45)

Vi = 0.3 ⋅ 107.87

Vi = 32.36V
122
Vv = 0.7 ⋅
122 + 45

Vv = 0.51V

VT h = 32.36 + 0.51

VT h = 32.87V

RT h = 220 + 75 + 122∣∣45

RT h = 327.87Ω

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Paso 2 2 de 4
b)
We calculate power as:
P = I2 ⋅ R
2
P =( ) ⋅ 100Ω
VT h
RT h + 100Ω

P = 0.59W
Paso 3 3 de 4
c)
Using superposition we can calculate the two current components from the two sources and then
calculate the power as:
P = (Ii + Iv )2 ⋅ R

107.87
Ii = 0.3 ⋅
107.87 + 220 + 100

Ii = 0.756A

0.7 122
Iv = ⋅
45 + 122∣∣(75 + 220 + 100) 75 + 220 + 100

Iv = 0.00156A

Giving us:
P = 0.5959W
And thus we’ve verified that the power is the same.
Resultado 4 de 4
a) \ \ VT h = 32.87V \ \ \ RT h = 327.87Ω

b) \ \ P = 0.59W

Ejercicio 29
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 9
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Paso 2 2 de 9
Paso 3 3 de 9
Paso 4 4 de 9
Paso 5 5 de 9
Paso 6 6 de 9
Paso 7 7 de 9
(b)Step 1 Connect the 1.7 KΩ resistor to the equivalent circuit as shown in the figure belo
Paso 8 8 de 9
Resultado 9 de 9
(a)
Voc = 1.423 V

isc = 1.36377 mA

Req = 1.0434 KΩ
(b)
P1.7 KΩ = 458.5 μW


Ejercicio 28
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 4
a)
To obtain Voc we'll use nodal analysis with the bottom node being the reference node.

Thus we get:
Voc Voc − V1
+ =0

2500 744

V1 − 4.2 V1 V1 − Voc
+ + =0

1800 2500 744

Where 744Ω is the value of the parallel 1100∣∣2300.
When solved we get:
Voc = 1.423V

Also we can see that Voc = VT h .

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Paso 2 2 de 4
Now the resistor equivalent for the whole circuit is:
Req = 1.8 + 2.5∣∣(1.1∣∣2.3 + 2.5)

Req = 1.8 + 2.5∣∣3.244

Req = 1.8 + 1.412

Req = 3.212kΩ
Giving us:
4.2
isc =
3212

isc = 1.308mA

And now RT h can be determined as:

Voc
RT h =

isc
RT h = 1.088kΩ

Paso 3 3 de 4
b)
Power can be calculated as:
P = I2 ⋅ R
In this case we have:
VT h
I=

RT h + 4200Ω

and
R = 4200Ω
And finally we get:

2
P =( ) ⋅ 4200Ω
VT h
RT h + 4200Ω

P = 284μW
Resultado 4 de 4
a)\ \ \ Voc
= 1.423V \ \ isc = 1.308mA \ \ VT h = 1.423V \ \ RT h = 1088Ω

b) \ \ \ P = 248μW

Ejercicio 27
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 4
a)
We calculate RN as:
RN = (0.8 + 5∣∣5)∣∣2

RN = 3.3∣∣2
RN = 1.245Ω
For iN we have:

0.8
iN =
0.8 + 2.5

iN = 0.242A

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Paso 2 2 de 4
b)
Now we can get VT h as:
VT h = iN ⋅ RN

VT h = 0.302V

And:
RN = RT h
RT h = 1.245Ω
Paso 3 3 de 4
c)
Using Thevenin equivalent we get:
VT h
iL =

RT h + RL

For each value of RL giving us:
1.
RL = 0Ω ⇒
iL = 0.243A

2.
RL = 1Ω ⇒
iL = 0.135A

3.
RL = 4.923Ω ⇒
iL = 0.049A

4.
RL = 8.107Ω ⇒
iL = 0.032A

Resultado 4 de 4
a)\ \ iN = 0.242A RN = 1.245Ω

b)\ \ VT h = 0.302V RT h = 1.245Ω

c)\ \ 0.243A, 0.135A, 0.049A, 0.032A

Ejercicio 26
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 4
a)
From the previous problem, we have the values of VT h and RT h . To get iN we can use:

VT h
iN =

RT h
iN = 2.455A

And also:
RN = RT h
RN = 2.2Ω
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Paso 2 2 de 4
b)
The power dissipated on a resistor can be calculated as:
P = I2 ⋅ R
And in this case:
PL = i2L ⋅ RL

And iL can be described as:

RN
iL = iN ⋅

RN + RL

Using these two expressions we get the following graph:
Paso 3 3 de 4
c)
As we can see on the graph, we get the maximum dissipated power when:
RL = 2.2Ω

Resultado 4 de 4
a)\ \ iN = 2.455A RN = 2.2Ω
b)\ \ open for graph
c)\ \ RL = 2.2Ω

Ejercicio 25
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 3
a)
To get VT h we disconnect RL and find the voltage between the two disconnected points. As we

can see this voltage is the same as the one on the 3Ω resistor.
3
VT h = 9V ⋅
5

VT h = 5.4V
We can calculate RT h as:
RT h = 1 + 3∣∣2

RT h = 2.2Ω
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Paso 2 2 de 3
b)
Then we calculate vL as:
RL
vL = V T h ⋅

RL + RT h

For each value of RL we get:
1.
RL = 1Ω ⇒ vL = 1.688V

2.
RL = 3.5Ω ⇒
vL = 3.316V

3.
RL = 6.257Ω ⇒
vL = 3.995V
4.
RL = 9.8Ω ⇒

vL = 4.41V
Resultado 3 de 3
a) \ \ \ VT h = 5.4V RT h = 2.2Ω
b) 1.688V, 3.316V, 3.995V, 4.41V

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Ejercicio 24
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 5
2
to simplify the circuit we replaced the first independent source with A current source (arrowup)
6

which parallel with 6Ω resistor & the second dependent voltage source may be replaced by
dependent current source (arrowup) , which controlled by V3 and parallel with 2Ω resistor
Paso 2 2 de 5
then we named the top of left node Va and the top of right node Vb then applying mesh analysis we

get
Paso 3 3 de 5
2 Va Va − Vb
− 4V3 = + → [1]

6 6 3

Vb − Va Vb
V3 = + → [2]

3 2

Paso 4 4 de 5
since V3 = Va − Vb

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Resultado 5 de 5
V3 = 67.42mV


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Ejercicio 23
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Solución Verificado Se añadió hace 2 años
Paso 1 1 de 4
There is no current flowing trough the 2Ω resistor meaning V0 = V1 .

Also, there is no current in the lower 6Ω resistor so we won't care about it either.
Paso 2 2 de 4
After transforming the dependent source we get a dependent voltage source of 72V1 with the
positive terminal at the bottom and a 6Ω resistor in series.
Paso 3 3 de 4
Now we get the equation:
7i − 0.7 + 6i + 72V1 = 0
Also we know that V1 = 7i so we get:
13i + 504i = 0.7

i = 1.354mA

Thus:
V0 = 9.478mV

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Resultado 4 de 4
V0 = 9.478mV


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Ejercicio 22
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 5
(a) if we transform the independent voltage source into dependent current source we could lose I2
Paso 2 2 de 5
so the only technique to simplify the circuit be replacing the voltage source and 11Ω resistor with
9
A current source (clockwise) in parallel with 11Ω resistor
11

Paso 3 3 de 5
(b) applying mesh analysis we get
9
28I1 − (11) − 10(2) + 4I1 = 0
11

29
by solving it we get I1 = A
32

Paso 4 4 de 5
P2Ω = 7I12 = 5.75W

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Resultado 5 de 5
29
I1 = A
32

P2Ω = 5.75W


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Ejercicio 21
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 7
First we transform the 3A source into a 3V voltage source in series with the 1Ω and 2Ω resistors.
Then we combine the two resistors into one 3Ω resistor.
Paso 2 2 de 7
Now we can transform the source back into a current source of 1A with a 3Ω resistor in parallel.
And then combine that resistor with the 7Ω one to get a 3∣∣7 = 2.1Ω resistor. After all this we can
transform the source back into a voltage source of 2.1V with the 2.1Ω resistor in parallel.
Paso 3 3 de 7
Now on the right side, we'll transform the 9A source into a 81V voltage source in series with the 9Ω
and 4Ω resistors.
After this we'll combine the two 10Ω resistors to get one 5Ω and then transform the dependent
current source into a dependent 25Vx voltage source. And now combine the new 5Ω and the 9Ω

resistors into a 14Ω one.
Paso 4 4 de 7
Now we combine the two independent voltage sources to get one 83.1V voltage source. Also we
combine two resistors to get a 14 + 2.1 = 16.1Ω one.
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Paso 5 5 de 7
In the end our circuit looks like this:
Paso 6 6 de 7
We'll call the current flowing out of the positive terminal of the independent source i. Now let's
determine the value of Vx . We know that Vx
= 4i so we get:
4i − 25Vx + 16.1i − 83.1 = 0

79.9i = −83.1
i = −1.04A
Giving us:
Vx = −4.16V

Resultado 7 de 7
Vx = −4.16V


Ejercicio 20
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 12
(a) \ Given circuit diagram is,
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Paso 2 2 de 12
In above circuit 47 Ω and 12volt battery are in series. Then by source transformation method,
voltage source is replaced by current source with 47 Ω resistor in parallel. Then value of current
source is,
V
I=
R

12
= A
47

Paso 3 3 de 12
In above circuit 47Ω and 22Ω resistor are in parallel. Then resultant resistor is,
R = 47∣∣22
47 ∗ 22
=
47 + 22

1034

=
69

= 14.985 Ω
1034
Then by repeated source transformation current source is replaced by voltage source with Ω
69

resistor in series. Then value of voltage source,
V = IR
12 1034
= ∗
47 69

= 3.837 volt
Then with voltage source with in series resistor circuit is reduced as,
Paso 4 4 de 12
From above circuit 14 Ω and 10 Ω are in series, then resultant resistance,
R = 14.985 + 10 = 24.985 Ω
In above circuit 24.985

Ω and 3.837volt battery are in series. Then by source transformation
method, voltage source is replaced by current source with 24.985 Ω resistor in parallel. Then value
of current source is,
V
I=
R
3.837

= A
24.985

= .1535 A
Then circuit is reduced as,
Paso 5 5 de 12
In above circuit 24.985Ω and 7Ω resistor are in parallel. Then resultant resistor is,
R = 24.985∣∣7
24.985 ∗ 7
=
24.985 + 7

= 5.468 Ω
Then by repeated source transformation current source is replaced by voltage source with 5.468 Ω
V = IR
= 5.468 ∗ 0.153

= .8366 volt
Paso 6 6 de 12
From above circuit 5.468 Ω and 7 Ω are in series, then resultant resistance,
R = 5.468 + 7 = 12.468 Ω
In above circuit 12.468

Ω and .8366volt battery are in series. Then by source transformation
method, voltage source is replaced by current source with 12.468 Ω resistor in parallel. Then value
of current source is,
V
I=
R
.8366

= A
12.468

= 67 mA
Then circuit is reduced as,
Paso 7 7 de 12
In above circuit 12.468Ω and 9Ω resistor are in parallel. Then resultant resistor is,
R = 12.468∣∣9
12.468 ∗ 9
=
12.468 + 9

= 5.226 Ω
Then by repeated source transformation current source is replaced by voltage source with 5.226 Ω
V = IR

= 5.226 ∗ 67 ∗ 10−3
= 350 mV
Paso 8 8 de 12
In above circuit 5.226 Ω and 2 Ω are in series then resultant R = 5.226 + 2 = 7 Ω, Then resultant
circuit is,
Paso 9 9 de 12
Paso 10 10 de 12
(c) \ Verifying by PSpice,
From below circuit power disipation across 17 Ω resistor is,
P = 14.49 ∗ 10−3 ∗ 246.32 ∗ 10−3 = 3.56 mW
Paso 11 11 de 12
Resultado 12 de 12
(a) \ Circuit is drawn (b) \ P = 3.56 mW
(c) \ Verified by PSpice.

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Ejercicio 19
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Solución Verificado Se añadió hace 1 año
Paso 1 1 de 14
Given:
Resistance: R1 = 3 Ω;



Current source: Isource,1 = 2 A;
Current source: Isource,2 = 5 A;
Voltage source: V = 7 V;
Required:
a) Find equivalent circuit with given restrictions;
b) The power delivered P by the voltage source in both circuits;
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Paso 2 2 de 14
To solve this problem we will use multiple principles. Resistors can be connected in series and in
parallel. Equivalent resistance in series is the sum of all the individual resistances. For the resistors
connected in parallel, the voltage drop across the resistors is the same, and hence, the current is
divided equally among all the resistors. Kirchoff rules are used for multiloop circuits. There are two
Kirchoff's rules, one is for junction and one is for a loop. The junction theorem says that the sum of
the currents at any junction must be zero. Ohm's law is the ratio of voltage and current. The power is
defined as the product of the current and voltage.
1 1 1 1
= +
+ + ...
(1)
Rp R1
R2 R3
Rs = R1 + R2 + R3 + ...
(2)
∑ Ii = 0
(2)

V
R= (2)
I
P = IV (3)
Paso 3 3 de 14
a) We are given the circuit below:
The first transformation is to reduce two current sources into one. The rule says that if two current
sources are in parallel we can replace that by one current source with the total current output given
as the sum of the individual sources. Additionally, our current sources are in the opposite direction
hence, the rule changes and says to subtract the smaller current from the greater:
Isource = Isource,2 − Isource,1

=5A−2A

=3A
Paso 4 4 de 14
Next we recognize that the resistors R2 and R3 are in parallel. Applying the rule for resistors in

parallel we have:
1 1 1
= +
Rp R2 R3
1 1
= +
1Ω 3Ω

4
= Ω−1
3

Taking the inverse we get the equivalent resistance:
Rp = 0.75 Ω
So far we have reduced the circuit to:
Paso 5 5 de 14
The next rule used in simplifying a circuit solution is to transform the voltage sources into current
sources. The same thing works in the opposite direction, and that is exactly what we are going to do,
replace the current source with an appropriate resistor Rp and voltage source. Solving Ohm's law

for V we multiply the second equation by Isource :
Vsimplified = Rp Isource

= 0.75 Ω ⋅ 3 A

= 2.25 V
Paso 6 6 de 14
Now our circuit consists of two resistors in series and two voltage sources:
Paso 7 7 de 14
The problem asks us to reduce the initial circuit into the circuit with voltage V and one more voltage
besides that. In our case we have voltage sources V and Vsimplified . However, we are allowed only

one resistor, meaning we need to further simplify the circuit by calculating the equivalent resistance:
Rs = R1 + Rp

= 3 Ω + 0.75 Ω

= 3.75 Ω
We have now satisfied all the requirements and our final circuit looks like this:
Paso 8 8 de 14
b) The power the voltage source delivers in the initial circuit is by definition the product of the
voltage and current. Both the current and the voltage in the initial circuit need to be calculated. First,
we apply the Kirchoff junction theorem at the marked node.
Paso 9 9 de 14
The rule says that the sum of the currents at any junction equals zero. Hence we have:
v+7 v v
+ + = 5–2
3 1 3

v + 7 + 3v + v
=3
3

5v + 7
=3
3

5v + 7 = 9

5v = 2
2
v=
5

= 0.4 V
Paso 10 10 de 14
From the first term we now have:
v+V
i=
R1
0.4 V + 7 V

=
3Ω

= 2.467 A
Paso 11 11 de 14
Finally, the power in the initial circuit is:
Pinitial = iV
= 2.467 A ⋅ 7 V

= 17.3 W
Pinitial = 17.3 W
Paso 12 12 de 14
For the reduced circuit, we simply apply Ohm's law and solve it for the current by multiplying it by I
and dividing it by Rs . For the voltages connected in series, their net voltage is just the sum of each

voltage source:
V + Vsimplified
I=

Rp
7 V + 2.25 V
=

3.75 Ω

= 2.467 A
Paso 13 13 de 14
Again we calculate the power, but this time in the reduced circuit:
Preduced = IV

= 2.467 A ⋅ 7 V

= 17.3 W
Preduced = 17.3 W

We can conclude that the power the 7 V source delivers is the same for both circuits.
Resultado 14 de 14
a) See the explanation.

b) Pinitial = 17.3 W and Preduced = 17.3 W


8/7/23, 23:25 Engineering Circuit Analysis: 9780073529578 - Ejercicio 18 | Quizlet
Ciencia Ingeniería Engineering Circuit Analysis (8th Edition)
Ejercicio 18
Engineering Circuit Analysis
ISBN: 9780073529578
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 6
a)
First we use V = I ⋅ R to get the value of the new voltage source:
V = 27 ⋅ 10−6 ⋅ 750 ⋅ 103
V = 20.25V
Now we have a 20.25V voltage source and a 750kΩ resistor in series

with the 3.5MΩ resistor.
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Paso 2 2 de 6
Let's combine these two resistors to get one 4.25MΩ resistor.
And convert the new source back to a current source with the new
resistor. We get:
20.25
I=
4.25 ⋅ 106

I = 4.765μV
And this source is in parallel with the 4.25MΩ resistor.
Paso 3 3 de 6
Now let's convert the other source:
15
I=
1.2 ⋅ 106

I = 12.5μA
This current if flowing downwards and the source is in parallel with the
1.2MΩ resistor and the other source and all the other resistors.
We substitute three resistors as:
1.2MΩ∣∣4.25MΩ∣∣7MΩ = 0.8254MΩ
Paso 4 4 de 6
Now we can combine the two current sources into one as:
I = 4.765 − 12.5 = −7.735μA
(the negative value means that the current is flowing downwards)
In the end we combine the source and the 0.8254MΩ resistor and we get
a −6.284V voltage source and the 0.8254MΩ resistor in series with the
6MΩ resistor.
Paso 5 5 de 6
b)
To get the power we use:
P = I2 ⋅ R
And so:
2
6.384
P6MΩ =( ) ⋅ 6MΩ
6MΩ + 0.8254MΩ

P6MΩ = 5.249μW

Resultado 6 de 6
P6MΩ = 5.249μW

Ejercicio 17
ISBN: 9780073529578
Índice
4.2 (6 valoraciones)
Paso 1 1 de 8
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Paso 2 2 de 8
Paso 3 3 de 8
Paso 4 4 de 8
Paso 5 5 de 8
Paso 6 6 de 8
Paso 7 7 de 8
Resultado 8 de 8
(a) i = 0.57746 μA
(b) iSimulation = 0.5775 μA
Ejercicio 16
ISBN: 9780073529578
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 2
For the two circuits shown in Fig 5.22a and Fig 5.22c, the power dissipated
in the 7 Ω resistor is
(5 V − 3 V)2
P7Ω =
7

= 571.43 mW
Thus, we verify that the power dissipated in the 7 Ω resistor remains the
same after the source transformation.
Resultado 2 de 2
We verify that the power dissipated in the 7 Ω resistor remains the same
after the source transformation. P7Ω = 571.43 mW.
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Ejercicio 15

ISBN: 9780073529578
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 3
We redraw the given circuit as shown below in (a). Combining the 7 Ω and
4 Ω resistors in series and transforming the 9 V voltage source gives us
the circuit shown below in (b).
9 9
9V ⇒ = A
4+7 11

The two current sources, in the circuit shown below in (b), can be
combined as
9 42
3+ = A
11 11

The equivalent circuit is shown below in (c). Thus, we reduce the original
circuit to a three-elements circuit.
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Paso 2 2 de 3
For the equivalent circuit shown above in (c), using current division,
42 11
I= ⋅ = 2.625 A
11 5 + 11

Resultado 3 de 3
After reducing the circuit to a three-elements circuit, we obtain that I =

2.625 A.
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Ejercicio 14
ISBN: 9780073529578
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 5
Applying Kirchhoff's voltage law gives us:
vL = 3 − 5000 ⋅ iL

We also have:
vL = R ⋅ iL

vL

iL =

R

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Paso 2 2 de 5
For R = 0 we get:
vL = 0V
vL = 3 − 5000 ⋅ iL

0 = 3 − 5000 ⋅ iL

3
iL =
5000

iL = 6 ⋅ 10−4 A

For R → ∞ we get:
iL = 0 A

vL = 3 − 5 ⋅ 0

vL = 3 V
Paso 3 3 de 5
We can describe our function as:
0.6
iL = − ⋅ vL + 0.6
3

Paso 4 4 de 5
The result is:
Resultado 5 de 5
0.6
iL = − ⋅ vL + 0.6
3

Ejercicio 13

ISBN: 9780073529578
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 4
a)
To get the value of the new source we use:
U
I=
R
6
I=
10

I = 0.6A
And we can draw the circuit as:
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Paso 2 2 de 4
b)
The new voltage source will have the value of:
V = 10 ⋅ 6
V = 60V
And we draw it as:
Paso 3 3 de 4
c)
To get the value of the new current source we use:
2ix
I=

5

I = 0.4ix
And we draw it as:
Resultado 4 de 4
(a) We replace the 10 Ω resistor and the voltage source with a 600 mA
current source in parallel with a 10 Ω resistor.
(b) We replace the 10 Ω resistor and the current source with a 60 V

voltage source in series with a 10 Ω resistor.
(c) We replace the 5 Ω resistor and the dependent voltage source with a
dependent current source , labeled 0.4ix , in parallel with a 5 Ω resistor.
Ejercicio 12
ISBN: 9780073529578
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 6
V1 − 4 V1 V1 − V ′
(a)0 = + + → [1 ]

7 2 1

V′ V ′ − V1
0.4I1′ = + → [2 ]

3 1

Since the voltage source is 4V with the current source open circuited we
name the top of 2Ω resistor V1, identify the current through it as I1′ and the
voltage across the 3Ω resistor as V
applying nodal analysis we got
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Paso 2 2 de 6
V ′ = 692.3mV
V1 = 769.2mV

I1 = 384.6mA

solving [1]&[2] where
V1
I1′ =

2

Paso 3 3 de 6
V2 V2 V2 − V ′′
−6 = + + → [3 ]

7 2 1

V ′′ V ′′ − V2
6+ 0.4I1′′ = + → [4 ]

3 1

then we short circuited the voltage source, name the node at top of 2Ω
resistor V2 , the current through it I1′′ and the voltage across the 3Ω
resistor as V'' yields
Paso 4 4 de 6
V ′′ = 2.783V
V2 = −2.019V

I2′′ = −1.001A

solving [3]&[4] where
V1
I1′′ =

2

Paso 5 5 de 6
(b)I1
= I1′ + I1′′ = −625mA

P2 = 2 (I12 ) = 781.3mW

Resultado 6 de 6
(a)V=V'+V''=3.375V (b)P=781.3mW
Ejercicio 11

ISBN: 9780073529578
Índice
5 (6 valoraciones)
Paso 1 1 de 4
Since there are two independent sources, let
Ix = Ix1 + Ix2

where Ix1 and Ix2 are the contributions due to the 1

V voltage source
and 2 A current source, respectively.
To obtain ix1 , we set the 2

A current source to zero (replacing it with an

open circuit) as shown below. Applying KCL to the supernode X gives
v1 − 1 v1 v2
+ + =0

5000 7000 2000

But v2 = v1 + 0.2Ix1 ; hence,

v1 − 1 v1 v1 + 0.2Ix1
+ + =0

5000 7000 2000

But v1 = 7000Ix1 ; hence,
7000Ix1 − 1 7000Ix1 7000Ix1 + 0.2Ix1

+ + =0

5000 7000 2000

Thus,
https://quizlet.com/explanations/textbook-solutions/engineering-circuit-analysis-8th-edition-9780073529578/chapter-5-exercises-11-9d309a24-5720-47… 1/5
Thus,
Ix1 = 33.9 μA

Paso 2 2 de 4
To obtain ix2 , we set the 1

V voltage source to zero (replacing it with a
short circuit) as shown below. Applying KCL to the supernode Y gives
v1 v1 v2
+ + = −2

5000 7000 2000

But v2 = v1 + 0.2Ix2 ; hence,

v1 v1 v1 + 0.2Ix2
+ + = −2

5000 7000 2000

But v1 = 7000Ix2 ; hence,
7000Ix2 7000Ix2 7000Ix2 + 0.2Ix2

+ + = −2

5000 7000 2000

Thus,
Ix2 = −338.98 mA

Therefore,
Ix = Ix1 + Ix2

= 33.9 μA − 338.98 mA

= −338.95 mA
Paso 3 3 de 4
MultiSim
We check our results using MultiSim as shown below.
Resultado 4 de 4
Ix = −338.95 mA

Ejercicio 10
ISBN: 9780073529578
Índice
Soluciones Verificado
Solución A Solución B
Paso 1 1 de 8
(a)
Since there are three sources, let
vx = v1 + v2 + v3

where v1 , v2 and v3 are the contributions due to the left 4 V voltage

source, 2 A current source and the right 4 V voltage source, respectively.
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Paso 2 2 de 8
To obtain v1 , we set the 2

A and the right 4 V sources to zero as shown
below. Applying mesh analysis to the two meshes 1 and 2, we obtain the
following matrix equation:
3 + 1 + 5 −5 4
[ ] ⋅ [ 1] = [ ]
i
−5 5+2 i2 0

Solving this matrix equation, we find
14
i1 = A
19

For the 1 Ω resistor, Ohm's law gives

14
v1 = 1 ⋅ i1 = V ≈ 736.84 mV
19

Paso 3 3 de 8
To obtain v2 , we set the two 4

V sources to zero as shown below.
Applying nodal analysis to the two nodes va and vb , we obtain the

1
+1 −1 2
[3 1] ⋅ [ ] = [ ]

va
1
−1 1+ 5 + 2 vb 0

51 30
va = V and vb = V
19 19

By inspection, it is clear that
51 30 21
v2 = va − vb = − = ≈ 1.105 V
19 19 19

Paso 4 4 de 8
To obtain v3 , we set the 2

A and the left 4 V sources to zero as shown
below. Applying mesh analysis to the two meshes 1 and 2, we obtain the
3 + 1 + 5 −5 0
[ ] ⋅ [ 1] = [ ]
i
−5 5+2 i2 −4

10
i1 = − A
19

For the 1 Ω resistor, Ohm's law gives

10
v3 = 1 ⋅ i1 = − V ≈ −526.32 mV
19

Therefore,
vx = v1 + v2 + v3

= 736.84 mV + 1.105 V − 526.32 mV

= 1.316 V
Paso 5 5 de 8
(b)
It is required to evaluate the the value of the current source that results in
reducing the vx value by 10%. Let the new value of vx is vx′ . The current

source value affects only its contribution which is v2 . Let the new value of
v2 is v2′ . Thus,

vx′ = 0.9 ⋅ vx = 0.9 ⋅ 1.316 V = 1.1844 V

and
v2′ = vx′ − (v1 + v3 ) = 1.1844 V − (736.84 mV − 526.32 mV) = 973

Applying nodal analysis to the two nodes va and vb in the circuit shown
below gives
1
ICS = (1 + ) va − vb (1)
3

1 1
0 = −va + (1 + + ) vb (2)
5 2

and we have
va − vb = v2′ = 973.88 mV

(3)
Solving these three equations together using MATLAB, we obtain
ICS = 1.7623 A
Paso 6 6 de 8
(c)
We verify our result in part (a) using PSpice as shown below. We obtain
vx = 6.053 − 4.737 = 1.316 V

Paso 7 7 de 8
We verify our result in part (b) using DC-Sweep in PSpice as shown below
in (a). We obtain that the current source value that results in reducing the
vx value by 10% should be about 1.7 A.

We also obtain the values of the left and right voltage source values that
result in reducing the vx value by 10% as shown below in (b) and (c) . The

values of the left and right voltage sources are about 3.2 V and 5.2 V,
respectively.
Resultado 8 de 8
(a) vx = 1.316 V, v1 = 736.84 mV, v2 = 1.105 V and v3 =

−526.32 mV,
where where v1 , v2 and v3 are the contributions due to the left 4
V
voltage source, 2 A current source and the right 4 V voltage source,
respectively.
(b) ICS = 1.7623 A.

(c) We verify our answers by performing three dc sweeps using Pspice.
Ejercicio 9
ISBN: 9780073529578
Índice
Se añadió hace 1 año
Paso 1 1 de 4
Theoretically,
By analyzing the the three circuits, we can observe that if we add the
values of the two 6 V voltage sources in the right and lower circuits, we
obtain 12 V which is the same value of the 12 V voltage source in the
upper-left circuit. Additionally, if we add the values of the two voltage
sources (−10 V and −5 V) in the right and lower circuits, we obtain
−15 V which is the same value of the −15 V voltage source in the
upper-left circuit. Therefore, by applying the superposition principle, we
can conclude that
′ ′′
Vx = Vx + Vx

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Paso 2 2 de 4
Hand Calcultations:
For the upper-left circuit, applying KCL to node Vx gives
Vx − 12 Vx Vx + 15
+ + =0

1 3 2

Thus,
27
Vx = V
11

′
For the upper-right circuit, applying KCL to node Vx gives
′ ′ ′
Vx − 6 Vx V + 10
+ + x =0

1 3 2

Thus,
′ 6
Vx = V
11

′′
For the lower circuit, applying KCL to node Vx gives
′′ ′′ ′′
Vx − 6 Vx V +5
+ + x =0

1 3 2

Thus,
′′ 21
Vx = V
11

Therefore,
′ ′′
Vx = Vx + Vx

Paso 3 3 de 4
MultiSim:
Resultado 4 de 4
27 ′ 6
Using hand calculations, we obtain that Vx V , Vx = V, and =
11 11

′′ 21 ′ ′′
Vx = V. Moreover, we demonstrate that Vx = Vx + Vx
11

theoretically, and using MultiSim.
Ejercicio 8

ISBN: 9780073529578
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 4
Do double i than double the voltages thus 4 becomes 8 and 10 becomes

20
Part A
Paso 2 2 de 4
To change the direction of i simply place a negative infront of the voltage

values. Thus 4 becomes -4 and 10 becomes -10
Part B
Paso 3 3 de 4
Its not possible for both sources to equally contribute to the power
dissipation.
Part C
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Resultado 4 de 4
See Solutions
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Ejercicio 7
ISBN: 9780073529578
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 5
(a)
Since there are two sources, let
v2 = v2a + v2b

where v2a and v2b are the contributions due to the 7

A and 2 A current
sources, respectively.
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Paso 2 2 de 5
To obtain v2a , we set the 2

open circuit) as shown below. Applying KCL to node v1 gives
v1 v1
7= +

5+2 7+1+4

Thus,
v1 = 30.947 V

Applying the voltage division rule to the three series resistors (7 Ω, 1 Ω,

and 4 Ω) gives
1+4
v2a = v1 ⋅
7+1+4

1+4

= 30.947 ⋅
7+1+4

= 12.895 V
Paso 3 3 de 5
To obtain v2b , we set the 7

open circuit) as shown below. Applying KCL to node v2b gives
v2b v2b
−2 = +

1+4 7+5+2

Thus,
v2b = −7.368 V

Therefore,
v2 = v2a + v2b = 12.895 − 7.368 = 5.527 V

Paso 4 4 de 5
(b)
Resultado 5 de 5
(a) v2a
= 12.895 V v2b = −7.368 V and v2 = 5.527 V,

where v2a and v2b are the contributions due to the 7

A and 2 A current
sources, respectively.
(b) We verify our results using MultiSim.
Ejercicio 6

ISBN: 9780073529578
Índice
Se añadió hace 1 año
Paso 1 1 de 4
Given:
Circuit diagram with the following parameters:
IS1 = 7 A

IS2 = 4 A

Required:
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The contribution of each source to the node voltage and power dissipated
by the resistance in the circuit.
Strategy:
Solve for the individual branch currents of the circuit and relevant
equivalent resistances to solve for the contribution of each source to the
desired circuit parameters.
Paso 2 2 de 4
Problem A Solution
In the first part of the problem, we first consider the contribution of the
first current source IS1 , by replacing the second current source as an

open circuit.
We then solve the equivalent resistance of the circuit.
REQ = 1 Ω∣∣(5 Ω + 2 Ω + 5 Ω)

REQ = 0.923 Ω

We can then solve for the node voltage V1 as contributed by the current
source IS1 .
V1,S1 = (7 A)(0.923 Ω)

V1,S1 = 6.46 V

Paso 3 3 de 4
We then repeat the previous step and consider the contribution of the
second current source IS2 , by replacing the first current source as an

open circuit.
We then solve the current passing through the node voltage V1 of the
circuit.
5Ω+2Ω
I1 = ( ) IS2
5Ω+2Ω+1Ω+5Ω

I1 = 2.15 A

We can then solve for the node voltage V1 as contributed by the current
source IS2 .
V1,S2 = −(2.15 A)(1 Ω)

V1,S2 = −2.15 V

Paso 4 4 de 4
Problem B Solution
In the second problem, solving for the power dissipated by each of the
current sources cannot be determined, because unlike voltage and
current, power is a nonlinear quantity and thus superposition theorem
cannot be applied.
Ejercicio 5
ISBN: 9780073529578
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 5
Subsection A
12 + 2Ω
i′x = −(3A)( )
(12 + 2 + 5 + 5)Ω

i′x = −1.75A

Turning the right source off, apply current divider.
Paso 2 2 de 5
5Ω
i′′x = −(5A)( )
(12 + 2 + 5 + 5)Ω

i′′x = −1.0471A

Turning the left source off, apply current divider.
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Paso 3 3 de 5
ix = i′x + i′′x

ix = −1.75A − 1.0417A

ix = −2.7917A

Sum currents
Paso 4 4 de 5
Subsection B
1.75A
CSource = − = −8.4A
5

( )
12 + 2 + 5 + 5

Taking current divider formula, solve for current source, and substitute
Resultado 5 de 5
A) ig = −2.7917A
B) CSource = −8.4
Ejercicio 4

ISBN: 9780073529578
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 4
(a)
i = i1 + i2
where i1 and i2 are the contributions due to the 10

A current source and
the 1 V voltage source, respectively.
To obtain i1 , we set the voltage source to zero (replacing it with a short

circuit) as shown below in (a). Using current division,
9
i1 = 10 ⋅ = 6.923 A
4+9

To get i2 , we set the current source to zero (replacing it with an open

circuit) as shown below in (b). Using Ohm's law,
1
i2 = = 76.923 mA
9+4

Thus,
i = i1 + i2 = 6 923 A + 76 923 mA = 7 A
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i = i1 + i2 = 6.923 A + 76.923 mA = 7 A

Paso 2 2 de 4
(b)
The contribution the 1 V source to the total current is
i2 76.932 ⋅ 10−3
⋅ 100% = ⋅ 100% = 1.1%

7

Paso 3 3 de 4
(c)
To make the two sources contribute equally by changing only the current
source, we need to have
i1 = i2 = 76.923 mA

We draw the following circuit to obtain the current source ICS required to
get i1 = 76.923 mA. Using the current division rule, we obtain

9
i1 = ICS ⋅
4+9

or
9
76.932 = ICS ⋅
4+9

Thus,
ICS = 111.124 mA

Resultado 4 de 4
(a) i = 7 A.
(b) The contribution of the 1 V source is 1.1%.
(c) ICS = 111.124 mA.
Ejercicio 3

ISBN: 9780073529578
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 3

′ ′′
ig = ig + ig

where i′g and i′′g are the contributions due to the 6

A current source and
′
To obtain ig , we set the voltage source to zero (replacing it with a short

circuit) as shown below. Using current division,

′ 3
ig = 6 ⋅ = 1.636 A
8+3

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Paso 2 2 de 3
′′
To get ig , we set the current source to zero (replacing it with an open

circuit) as shown below. Using Ohm's law,
′′ 2
ig = = 0.182 A
8+3

Thus,
′ ′′
ig = ig + ig = 1.636 + 0.182 = 1.818 A

Resultado 3 de 3
′ ′′
ig = 1.636 A, ig = 0.182 A, and ig = 1.818 A,

where i′g and i′′g are the contributions due to the 6 A current source and

Ejercicio 2

ISBN: 9780073529578
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 4
a)
We'll approximate the function y(t) = sin (2t) using it's derivative in t =
0.
This derivative actually gives us the slope of a line that best approximates
the function in the given point and we chose for that point to be zero.
f (t)′ = sin (2t)′ = 2 ⋅ cos (2t)
t=0
f (0)′ = 2
And thus the function of our line is:
y(t)lin = 4 ⋅ 2t = 8t

Now let's calculate the approximations:
1)\ \ \ t =0
y(t)lin = 0
2)\ \ \ t = 0 001
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2)\ \ \ t = 0.001
y(t)lin = 0.008

3)\ \ \ t = 0.01
y(t)lin = 0.08
4)\ \ \ t = 0.1
y(t)lin = 0.8
5)\ \ \ t =1
y(t)lin = 8
Paso 2 2 de 4
b)
To calculate the error we use:
y(t)lin
error = 1 − ⋅ 100%

y(t)
1)\ \ \ error = 0%
2)\ \ \ error = 0%
3)\ \ \ error = 0.01%
4)\ \ \ error = 0.7%
5)\ \ \ error = 55%
Paso 3 3 de 4
This means that for t up to t = 0.01 we get approximations that ar
Resultado 4 de 4
a)\ \ \ 0, 0.008, 0.08, 0.8, 8
b)\ \ \ For t up to t = 0.01 we get approximations that are correct within

within 0.01% for which we can say are reasonable.
Ejercicio 1
ISBN: 9780073529578
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 4
a)
If we take a look at the given series we can see that the linear part of the
series is:
elin = 1 + x

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Paso 2 2 de 4
b)
Using given values as input in our linear equation we get:
1. \ \ x = 0.000001
elin = 1 + 0.000001 = 1.000001

2. \ \ x = 0.0001
elin = 1 + 0.0001 = 1.0001

3. \ \ x = 0.01
elin = 1 + 0.01 = 1.01

4. \ \ x = 0.1
elin = 1 + 0.1 = 1.1

5. \ \ x = 1.0
elin = 1 + 1 = 2

Paso 3 3 de 4
c)
Now let's calculate the real values of ex for the same input and calculate
the error as:
elin
error = 1 − ⋅ 100%

ex

1.
ex = e0.000001 = 1.000001
error = 0
ex = e0.0001 = 1.000100005
error = 5 ⋅ 10−7 %
3.
ex = e0.01 = 1.010050167
error = 4.97 ⋅ 10−3 %
4.
ex = e0.1 = 1.10517
error = 0.468%
5.
ex = e1.0 = 2.7183
error = 26.42%
We can see that the smaller the x is, the better approximation we
Resultado 4 de 4
a)\ \ \ elin =1+x

b)\ \ \ 1.000001, 1.0001, 1.01, 1.1, 2
c)\ \ \ We can see that the smaller the x is, the better approximation we
get.

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Ejercicio 46
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Paso 1 1 de 5
a)
R
Since RS = 1000Ω we need power as function of . So we have:
1000

P = I2 ⋅ R
2
12
P =( ) ⋅R
RS + R

2
12
P =( ) ⋅R
R + 1000

114R
P = 2

1000R

( + 1000)
1000

144 R 1
P = ⋅ ⋅ 2
1000 1000

( + 1)
R
1000

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Paso 2 2 de 5
And this function gives us the following graph:
Paso 3 3 de 5
b)
First derivative of our function is:
x
dP 144 ( − 1)
1000

=− ⋅ 3
1000 x
d( ) 1000 ( + 1)

R
1000

RS
And it's graph is:
Paso 4 4 de 5
From this we can see that the maximum power is when R = 1000Ω .
Resultado 5 de 5
See graphs


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Ejercicio 45
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
Solución Verificado Se añadió hace 2 años
Paso 1 1 de 5
We use nodal analysis.
−vd − vin −vd −vd − vout

+ + =0

R1 Ri
Rf
vout + vd vout − A ⋅ vd
+ =0

Rf Ro
Paso 2 2 de 5
After solving this we get:
Ri (Ro − ARf )
vout =

vin
AR1 Ri + R1 Rf + R1 Ri + R1 Ro + Rf Ri + Ri Ro

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Paso 3 3 de 5
Now to get RT h we'll introduce a test current source of 1A and using nodal analysis:

−vd vd −vd − vout

− + =0

R1 Ri Rf
vout + vd v − Avd
+ out =1

Rf Ro
Paso 4 4 de 5
Resulting in:
R o (R 1 R f + R 1 R i + R i R f )
vout =

A ⋅ R1 Ri + R1 Rf + R1 Ri + R1 Ro + Ri Rf + Ri Ro

vout
And since RT h = we get:

1

R o (R 1 R f + R 1 R i + R i R f )
RT h =


Resultado 5 de 5
Ri (Ro − ARf )
vout =

vin
AR1 Ri + R1 Rf + R1 Ri + R1 Ro + Rf Ri + Ri Ro

R o (R 1 R f + R 1 R i + R i R f )
RT h =



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Ejercicio 44
ISBN: 9786071508027
Índice
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Paso 1 1 de 5
We'll replace the part left of the dashed line with a test current source of 1A.
Now we'll use nodal analysis with the bottom node being reference node and top nodes labeled as
v1 and v2 form left to right.

We can see that v1 is the voltage on the test source.

Paso 2 2 de 5
We get the following equations:
v1 v1 − v2
+ =1

2 ⋅ 10 6

rπ
v2 − v1 v v
+ 2 + 2 = 0.02vπ

1000 2000

rπ
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Paso 3 3 de 5
And also:
vπ = v1 − v2

After solving this we get:
2 ⋅ 106 ⋅ (43rπ + 2000)

v1 =

6.002 ⋅ 106 + 43rπ

Paso 4 4 de 5
v1
And since RT h = in the end we have:

1

2 ⋅ 106 ⋅ (43rπ + 2000)

RT h =

6.002 ⋅ 106 + 43rπ

Resultado 5 de 5
2 ⋅ 106 ⋅ (43rπ + 2000)

RT h =

6.002 ⋅ 106 + 43rπ


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Analisis de Circuitos Capitulo 5

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23/10/23, 20:30 Analisis de Circuitos en Ingenieria: 9786071508027 - Ejercicio 43 | Quizlet

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Ciencia Ingeniería Analisis de Circuitos en Ingenieria (8th Edition)

Analisis de Circuitos en Ingenieria

V The voltage across comes from the nodal

analysis of connecting a 1A source to the

The equivalent resistance can be found from:

Valora esta solución

Política de Privacidad Condiciones Español

Error al procesar el pago

Ciencia Ingeniería Analisis de Circuitos en Ingenieria (8th Edition)

Analisis de Circuitos en Ingenieria

And by mash analysis we get:

−11i3 + 32i2 + 0.5vab + 15i2 − 15i1 = 0

When solved we get:

And now we determine:

Valora esta solución

Política de Privacidad Condiciones Español

Error al procesar el pago

Ciencia Ingeniería Analisis de Circuitos en Ingenieria (8th Edition)

Analisis de Circuitos en Ingenieria

We'll call top nodes v1 and v2 . Nodal analysis gives us:

By solving this we get:

And v1 ​ = vT h giving us:

finding the voltage on it vx . ​

Now we can obtain the value of RT h as: ​

To calculate the power we use the expression:

For R = 1kΩ we get:

For R = 4.7kΩ we get:

For R = 10.54kΩ we get:

Valora esta solución

Política de Privacidad Condiciones Español

Error al procesar el pago

Ciencia Ingeniería Analisis de Circuitos en Ingenieria (8th Edition)

Analisis de Circuitos en Ingenieria

First let's find the the current iN . ​

−500ix + 2ix + 2500i2 = 0

And after we solve it we get:

When we solve this we get voltage on the test source vx : ​

Now we can get RN : ​

Valora esta solución

Política de Privacidad Condiciones Español

Error al procesar el pago

Ciencia Ingeniería Analisis de Circuitos en Ingenieria (8th Edition)

Analisis de Circuitos en Ingenieria

Valora esta solución

Política de Privacidad Condiciones Español

Error al procesar el pago

Ciencia Ingeniería Analisis de Circuitos en Ingenieria (8th Edition)

Analisis de Circuitos en Ingenieria

We get two equations:

And we can see that:

Solving this we get:

And voc ​ = v3 so:

Now we'll find isc by applying KCL:

This gives us:

Let's call the current of the source is . ​

We can get the voltage on the source vs as: ​

And this gives us:

Valora esta solución

Política de Privacidad Condiciones Español

Error al procesar el pago

Ciencia Ingeniería Analisis de Circuitos en Ingenieria (8th Edition)

And v1 = vT h giving us:

finding the voltage on it vx .

Now we can obtain the value of RT h as:

First let's find the the current iN .

When we solve this we get voltage on the test source vx :

Now we can get RN :

And voc = v3 so:

Let's call the current of the source is .

We can get the voltage on the source vs as:

−7i1 + 34i2 − 7isc = 0

Then by current division rule current Isc∣300 mA is,

(b) \ Norton's equivalent circuit when RL = 3.3 KΩ is as below,

From above circuit equivalent resistance Rth is,

(b) \ Then power dissipated across load as RL = 1 MΩ

And thus we’ve verified that the power is the same.