UNIT IV

A.- USEFUL PHRASES AND VOCABULARY FOR DIFFERENT

COMMUNICATION PURPOSES

B.- GLOSSARY AND TECHNICAL TEXTS FOR TRANSLATION.

A.1.- En la Inmobiliaria:

Discussing your requirements – Discutiendo tus requisitos

1.- What kind of accommodation ¿Qué clase de alojamiento está

are you looking for? buscando?

 I'm looking for .. estoy buscando ...

a flat un piso

an apartment un apartamento

a semi-detached house un semi-adosado

a detached house un adosado

a terraced house una casa adosada en hilera

a cottage una casa pequeña en el campo

a bungalow un bungalow

 I only need a ... solamente necesito ...

one-bedroomed flat un piso con un dormitorio

1
 studio flat un estudio

2.- Are you looking to buy or to ¿Desea comprar o alquilar algo?

rent?

3.- Which area are you thinking ¿En qué zona está pensando?
of?

something not too far from the no lejos del centro de la ciudad
city centre

4.- How much are you prepared ¿Cuánto está dispuesto a pagar?
to pay?

5.- What's your budget? ¿Cuál es su presupuesto?

6.- What price range are you ¿Sobre qué precio está usted
thinking of? pensando?

7.- How many bedrooms do you ¿Cuántos dormitorios desea?

want?

it's got two bedrooms, a kitchen, tiene dos dormitorios, una cocina, un
a living room, and a bathroom salón y un baño

8.- Are you looking for furnished ¿Está buscando algo amueblado o

2
or unfurnished accommodation? sin muebles?

9.- Do you want a modern or an ¿Desea una propiedad nueva o

old property? antigua?

do you want a ...? ¿desea ...?

garden jardín

garage garaje

parking space aparcamiento

10.- Are you going to need a ¿Va a necesitar una hipoteca?

mortgage?

11.- Have you got a property to ¿Tiene alguna propiedad que desee
sell? vender?

12.- Are you a cash buyer? ¿Desea comprar en efectivo?

13.- Do you want us to put you ¿Quiere que le pongamos en nuestra

on our mailing list? lista de correo?

Enquiring about a property – Preguntando acerca de una propiedad

3
 1. 2. How much is the rent? ¿cuánto es el alquiler?

2.- What's the asking price? ¿cuál es el precio solicitado?

3.- Is the price negotiable? ¿es el precio negociable?

4.- Are they willing to negotiate? ¿está dispuesto a negociar?

5.- How long has it been on the ¿cuánto tiempo ha estado en el

market? mercado?

6.- Is there a ... school nearby? ¿hay alguna ... escuela cerca?

primary primaria

secondary secundaria

7.- How far is it from the nearest ¿a qué distancia está de la

station? estación más cercana?

8.- Are there any local shops? ¿hay tiendas cerca?

9.- What are the car parking ¿cuál es la situación del

arrangements? aparcamiento?

4
10.- What sort of view does it ¿qué clase de vistas tiene?
have?

11.- What floor is it on? ¿en qué piso se haya situado?

Ten en cuenta que en el Reino Unido, la planta a nivel del suelo es llamada ground floor,
mientras que first floor se usa para la planta encima de la citada anteriormente.

it's on the ... está en ...

ground floor la planta baja

first floor el primer piso

second floor el segundo piso

third floor el tercer piso

12.- Are pets allowed? ¿se permiten mascotas?

13.- I'd like to have a look at this me gustaría echar un vistazo a esta
property propiedad

14.- When would you be ¿cuándo podría estar disponible para

available to view the property? visitar la propiedad?

5
15.- The rent's payable monthly el alquiler se paga cada mes por
in advance adelantado

16.- There's a deposit of one hay un depósito de un mes

month's rent

17.- How soon would you be able ¿cuándo podría mudarse?

to move in?

18.- It's not what I'm looking for no es lo que estoy buscando

19.- I'd like to make an offer me gustaría hacer una oferta

I'll take it me lo quedo

we'll take it nos lo quedamos

Things you might see - Cosas que podrías ver

For sale En venta

To let En alquiler

Under offer En oferta

Sold Vendido

6
Reduced Rebajado

New price Nuevo precio

Offers around £250,000 Ofertas en torno a los 250.000 libras

Offers in excess of £180,000 Ofertas por más de 180.000 libras

£200,000 ono (abreviatura de or 200.000 libras o la oferta más

nearest offer) cercana

POA (abreviatura de price on Precio al solicitar

application)

£110 pw (abreviatura de per 110 libras a la semana

week)

£400 pcm (abreviatura de per 400 libras al mes

calendar month)

A. 2.- MAIN TOPICS:

BUYING AND SELLING GOODS / MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS / JOBS AND
RESPONSIBILITIES / NEW CONTACTS/OFFERS/NEGOTIATIONS/ORDERS/CUSTOMER CARE

JOBS AND RESPONSIBILITIES

What do you do in your Job?

 Make phone calls

7
  Write mails/reports

 Fill in forms

 Do internet searches

 Go on business trips

 Take part in meetings

 Give presentations

 Do market research

 Go to trade fairs

 Handle customer complaints

 Visit clients

 Collect and compare offers

 Present products

 Negotiate contracts

 Liaise with other departments

TALKING ABOUT YOUR JOB

DESCRIBING THE COMPANY/DEPARTMENT

I work in the sales/purchasing department of a small/medium-sized/large company

called…..

We develop/make/produce/sell/…..

Our department is divided into….

We need to liaise/work closely with ...

We also are more actively involved in…

My team/group makes sure that…

8
DESCRIBING RESPONSIBILITIES

My team is responsible for…

I am in charge of…

My main responsibility is…

A lot of our/my work involves…

We have to/need to…

I spend a lot of time...

My job also includes…

TELEPHONE LANGUAGE

SAYING WHO YOU ARE: This is Adam Bedser from XYZ Ltd. / It is David Jones from
purchasing/ Hi Sarah. It´s Frank here.

GETTING THROUGH TO THE RIGHT PERSON: Could/Can I speak to John Murphy,

please?/ I´d like to speak to somebody in your sales department, please?/ Is Michelle
there at the moment??

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

NEW CONTACTS

ESTABLISHING CONTACT AT A TRADE FAIR

GREETINGS AND INTRODUCTIONS

Good morning/afternoon. Hello. My name is…..Please call me.

May/Can I introduce myself?

Nice/Pleased to meet you

ARRANGING TO FOLLOW UP

Would it be possible to set up/arrange/fix a meeting?

Could I call you in the next few days/come to see you?

9
Perhaps I could send you some information

Would you be interested in meeting after the fair is over?

Could you send me your price lists?

I´ll send you an email/give you a call next week

MOVING ON TO BUSINESS

How did you like the presentation?

What do you think of…?

Have you found anything of interest?

What line of business are you in?

Let me give you/Here´s my (business) card.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

OFFERS

TALKING ABOUT A PORDUCT

ASKING IF YOUR PARTNER IS INTERESTED

Would you be interested in trying our…?

Perhaps I can tempt you to sample our…?

Do you think your company might be interested in…?

Do you think this may be of interest to you and your clients?

SHOWING INTEREST

That sounds interesting

That would certainly be of interest to us

That might be exactly what we are looking for

Could you send me a sample/give me some more information?

10
BEING CAUTIOUS

Well, maybe. But i would need to know more about...

I´m not so sure

I don´t think that´s really what we are looking for

That (really) depends on your conditions/price

SAYING YOU ARE NOT INTERESTED

I´m sorry but…

Unfortunately, we are not looking for that at the moment

Thanks, but we already have a supplier for that product

No, thanks. We are not interested in that at this stage

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

NEGOTIATIONS

TIPS FOR SUCCESSFUL NEGOTIATIONS

 Build a relationship with your partner

 Consider the intercultural aspects when dealing with people from the
other cultures

 Be flexible: look for alternative solutions

 Be prepared to compromise (within company guidelines)

 Look for a win-win solution

 Use active listening strategies

 Speak clearly and simply

 Ask questions to find out what your partner is looking for

11
NEGOTIATION LANGUAGE

STARTING THE CONVERSATION

We are very happy to be meeting you today

We hope to come to an acceptable solution for both of us

I´d like to discuss some of the details in the offer

We´d like to hear your proposals before we tell you what we can offer.

CONCLUDING YOUR ARGUMENTS

So that wraps it up

That sums up our side then

We are sure that you will see the benefits for your company if you take up our offer

There you have our proposal. I´m afraid that´s as far as we can go

FINISHING THE CONVERSATION

That may be a possibility, but I have to discuss it with my boss

Let me get back to you

I´m happy we´ve found a solution. I´ll send you an email tomorrow summarizing our
agreement.

USEUFUL PHRASES:

OFFER/NEGOTIATE/GET A DISCOUNT

AGREE TO/GUARANTEE/MOVE UP A DELIVERY DATE

EXTEND/REDUCE/AGREE TO THE DURATION OF A CONTRACT

ACCEPT/RECONSIDER/RECEIVE AN OFFER

12
REDUCE//INCREASE/LOWER THE PRICE

GUARANTEE QUALITY/DELIVERY TIMES/CHEPAER PRICES

NEGOTIATE THE PRICE/THE CONDITIONS/AN OFFER

LANGUAGE OF NEGOTIATION- legal terms

I´m afraid my board might find that figure a little low

We might be able to agree to…if we could participate in….

Any other type of agreement isn´t really workable…

$30.000 is not really high enough.

I think $30.000 is a little high

LEGAL VOCABULARY

PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES ARE ADDED TO MODIFY WORDS.

VALID (ADJ) : INVALID (ADJ)/VALIDITY (N)/VALIDATE (V)

PATENT (N/V): PATENTEE (PERSON)/PATENTED (ADJ)/PATENTABLE (ADJ)

COMPOSE (V): COMPOSER (PERSON)/COMPOSITION (N)

RESPOND (V): RESPONSE (N), RESPONDENT (PERSON) / RESPONSIVE (ADJ)/

UNRESPONSIVE (ADJ)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

ORDERS

When handling orders, it is important for the salesperson and the purchaser to
exchange all relevant information such as:

 Specifications (for material, quality,etc)

 Quantity

 Contact person

 Place of delivery

13
  Delivery date

 Method of payment (cash on delivery (COD), invoice, direct debit)

 Other terms and conditions

 Paperwork needed (signed order, confirmation by fax, etc)

HANDLING ORDERS

PLACING ORDERS

We would like to order/have…

We are ready to make our first order under the frame contract

We´d like to place a call-off order for 3.000 units

We would appreciate delivery by Friday. Can you manage it/that?

TAKING ORDERS

I´ll just take/write down the details

Let me just write this down/type in your order

So, how many do you need exactly?

Was there anything else you´d like to order today?

CHECKING AND CONFIRMING INFORMATION

Let me just check/repeat that

Let me make sure I ´ve got everything down right

Yesm that´s right/correct

Sorry. Did you say…?

Could you say that again/repeat that, please?

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

14
CUSTOMER CARE

COMPLAING EFFECTIVELY

When making a complaint, it is helpful to use the following three step approach:

1.- describe the problem

2.- state your request clearly (when, what, how, who)

3.- confirm agreement

We use certain words and phrases in English to make a complaint less aggressive and
personal:

I´m afraid (that) there is a problem with…

There apprears/seems to be a mistake/mix-up…

Unfortunately, we have a slight problem with….

We can also use sentences with SHOULD HAVE to explain exactly what went wrong:

Somebody should have fixed the problem yesterday/the shipment should have been
sent to Shanghai not Seoul/we should have received the delivery last week.

COMPLAINT MANAGEMENT WITH CASH

 CONFIRM THAT YOU HAVE UNDERSTOOD

 ASK FOR THE DETAILS OF THE PROBLEM

 SEVE YOUR CLIENT BY SUGGESTING SOLUTION

 HELP YOUR CLIENT BY CONFIRMING YOUR COMMITMENT)

CONFIRMING YOU HAVE UNDERSTOOD THE CLIENT´S SITUATION

I´m sorry to hear that/I understand your situation

I realize this must be frustrating for you

ASKING FOR THE DETAILS OF THE PROBLEM

15
Could you tell me exactly which item was damaged?

May I ask if you ´ve tried to use the tracking facility on your website?

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

INTERACTING WITH CLIENTS

Lawyers need to get information from their clients and summarize what the client has
said, to direct the consultation and to express their own point of view. The following
questions and expressions can de useful.

GETTING INFORMATION

Could I start by asking you when/why/how the problem began?

And what happened then?

What did you do then?

How did the other party react to this?

Could you explain why..?

GETTING THE CLIENT TO REFOCUS

Let me take you back to….

CHECKING AND CLARIFYING

Are you suggesting that….?

So, if I understand you correctly…

Could you explain what you mean by…?

EXPRESSING AN OPINION

As I see it…

Our best option would be to….

16
___________________________________________________________________________________________________

MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS

In M&A, reference is often made to certain laws or authorities. The following are
broadly equivalent.

YOUR JURISDICTION? _____________________________________________

_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________

U.K. U.S.

Companies Act 2006 Corporation Law

Financial Services and Markets Act Securities Exchange Act

2000
Security and Exchange Comission (SEC)
Financial Services Authority (FSA)
Federal Trade Comission (FTC)
Competition Commission

M&A often involves comparing various national laws and institutions.

IS(broadly, EQUIVALENT
basically) TO/SIMILAR
THE US
TO/COMPARAB
IS (A little, very, SECURITIES
UK. FINANCIAL LE
completely) AND
SERVICES TO/LIKE/THE
EXCHANGE
AUTHORITY DIFFERS SAME AS/
COMMISSION
(slightly, UNLIKE/DIFFE
completely) RENT FROM/
FROM

 WHAT ARE THE ASPECTS OF YOUR LEGAL PRACTICE WHICH MOST OFTEN
REQUIERE EXPLANATION TO FOREIGN CLIENTS OR INVESTORS?? DO THEY
MATCH ANY OF THE ITEMS ON THE LIST BELOW? USE THIS LIST, OR THE

17
 ASPECTS WHICH ARE RELEVANT TO YOU. USE SOME OF THE PHRASES FROM
THE LANGUAGE BOX ABOVE:

1.- COMMON LAW OR CIVIL LAW SYSTEM

2.- NATIONAL OR FEDERAL LEGISLATION

3.- A UNIFIED LEGAL PROFESSION OR A SPLIT LEGAL PROFESSION

4.- THE REQUIREMENT TO REGISTER MOST BUSINESS STRUCTURES BEFORE THEY

START TO TRADE

EXAMPLE: Many European states, for example France, have legal systems which are
broadly similar to civil law in the US. However, the French system differs in that its
law is codified, while US law consists of a mixture of statute and judicial decisions.

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. 2.- TECHNICAL TEXTS

BUYING AND SELLING GOODS

CONTRACT OF SALE

This agreement is made this 1 st day of March 2014 by and between Digital View plc
(registered number 123456), with its principal place of business at 17, Hopkinson
Way, Andover, SP10, ENGLAND, (hereinafter “PURCHASER”) and Pixeltechnik S.A,
with its principal place of business at place Jourdain, 34, 1180 Uccle BELGIUM,
(hereinafter "SELLER") and its permitted subcontractors and assignees.

Whereas:

- PURCHASER, a manufacturer of electrical goods, whishes to purchase the

goods (hereinafter “GOODS”) specified in Annex 1 hereto and subject to the
terms and conditions of this agreement.

- SELLER, a manufacturer of high-performance LCD screens, whishes to

manufacture and supply the aforementioned GOODS.

IT IS AGREED:…..

NOTE:

18
WHEREAS in this context is used to introduce the information about the transaction
that the two parties want to enter into.

WHERE can also be used with BY.

HERE and THERE can also be used with other words. HERE is used in legal documents
to mean the document itself, while THERE is used to mean other documents or things.

HEREINAFTER means from this point in the document.

HEREBY means as a result of this document.

AFOREMENTIONED means that something has been discussed or referred to earlier.

CLAUSES FROM THE CONTACT between Digital View plc and Pixeltechnik: Complete
the contract by inserting phrases 1-8.

1.- for a period of 3 years after delivery

2.- are free from the rights of third parties

3.- subject to the provisions for termination in 8.1 and 8.2 below

4.- the number of items specified in annex 2

5.- any defective goods at no additional cost to PURCHASER

6.- PURCHASER shall be entitled to terminate the agreement by giving 21 days´written

notice to SELLER

7.- The parties irrevocably submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of English courts for
the determination of disputes arising under this contract.

8.- PURCHASER may reduce the agreed price for the order by 1%

1. DELIVERY

1.4 Failure on the part of SELLER to meet the terms of delivery shall entitle
PURCHASER to invoke the following penalty clause terms: for every week or part
thereof by which the delivery date is
exceeded,_______________________________________________________________________________________.
The rights of PURCHASER under 8.1 shall remain unaffected.

3. MINIMUM ORDERS

19
3.1 PURCHASER undertake to purchase during the first 24 months following signature
of this agreement __________________________________________________. The minimum amount
ordered each calendar month shall be according to the details set out therein.

4. PRICE

4.1 The price charged fot the goods shall be in accordance with the price list set out in
Annex 2. The stated price shall be binding on both the seller and the purchaser for the
duration of the agreement.

5. DURATION

5.1 This agreement shall be for the period of 2 years from the date of signature
_________________________________________________.

5.2 The agreement shall be renewed automatically for a further period of one calendar
year unless either SELLER or PURCHASER terminates in accordance with the
provisions contained in 8.2 below.

8. TERMINATION

8.1 Should SELLER: (i) fail to provide satisafactory performance of this agreement or
(ii) fail to fulfill any of its obligations hereunder or (iii) become bankrupt or have a
winding up petition made against it or have a liquidator or administrator appointed,
__________________________________________________.

8.2 In all other cases, notice to terminate must be made in writing by either SELLER or
PURCHASER no later than 90 days in advance of the expiry date as defined in 5.1
above.

10. WARRANTIES

10.1 SELLER warrants that the goods will comply with the specifications as set out in
Annex 1 and will be free of defects (other than those caused by incorrect usage or
operation by PURCHASER)_____________________________________________.

10.2 Pursuant to the above warranty SELLER guarantees that after receipt of written
notice from PURCHASER it will promptly repair or replace at PURCHASER ´s option
abd to PURCHASER ´s entire satisfaction.

11. WARRANTY OF TITLE

11.1 SELLER warrants that the GOODS _____________________________________SELLER shall

indemnify PURCHASER on demand against any claims made by third parties in this
regard.

20
12. APPLICABLE LAW AND JURISDICTION

12.1 This agreement shall be governed by the laws of England and Wales.

12.2 _____________________________________________________________.

IMPORTANT TO NOTE: STYLE TIPS FOR LEGAL TEXTS

LEGAL ENGLISH often uses PAST PARTICIPLES to make sentences more compact.
Instead of: “The agreement which exists between the parties is due to expire at the
end of this year” or “The price which is charged for the goods shall be…”.

The contract says:

“The agreement existing between…” or “The prices charged for the goods….”

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

Property for sale in Oxford

£485,000 Just added

6 bedroom semi-detached house for sale

Valentia Road, Headington, Oxford, Oxfordshire OX3

Added on 18th Mar 2014

Taylors Estate Agents are pleased to present to the market this extended six
bedroom semi detached property conveniently situated for the Headington hospitals,
Brookes University and the London/airport buses. (contd...)

21
 Full details | Save to favourites | Arrange viewing | Contact agent

Marketed by Taylors, Headington, OX3. Call 01865 521096

£179,950 Just added

1 bedroom flat for sale

Westminster Court, Cumnor, Oxon OX2

Added on 18th Mar 2014

Duplex one bedroom apartment with gas fired central heating and double glazing
and with allocated car parking space. Accommodation includes double bedroom,
bathroom, sitting room/diner, kitchen. Communal gardens. Walking distance of
West Way Shopping ...

Full details | Save to favourites | Arrange viewing | Contact agent

Marketed by David Tompkins, OX2. Call 01865 366232

Guide price £795,000 Just added

22
 5 bedroom semi-detached house for sale
Ramsay Road, Headington, Oxford OX3

Added on 17th Mar 2014

Located on sought after Ramsay Road, a substantial family home with a generous
S/W garden - Viewings to Commence 22nd March 2014 By Appointment

Full details and 12 photos | Save to favourites | Arrange viewing | Contact agent

Marketed by Chancellors, OX3. Call 01865 521147

EXCERCISE: TAKE THE 1ST EXAMPLE:

Interested in this property? Call 01865 521096 or REQUEST DETAILS

Property info

 EPC

Property description
Taylors Estate Agents are pleased to present to the market this extended six bedroom semi
detached property conveniently situated for the Headington hospitals, Brookes University and the
London/airport buses.

The property is offered to the market in a good order throughout and is currently set up as a hmo
licensed 6 bedroom home offered with or without tenants.

The property benefits from off road parking, five double bedrooms with one single room, two
bathrooms and additional separate W/C, recently re-fitted kitchen/diner and a rear garden.

Viewings come highly recommended to appreciate the space and condition of this property.

23
Front Tarmac driveway, mainly laid to lawn and timber door to side aspect.

Lobby Double glazed door to lobby, radiator and stairs rising to the first floor.

Kitchen/ Living Area14'6" (4.42m) x 14'6" (4.42m) Minus door alcove.. Double glazed window to
the front aspect, wooden floorboards, range of floor and wall mounted units with roll edge work
surfaces, radiator, under stairs storage and cooker point.

Ground Floor Bathroom Double glazed window to the side aspect. Tiled flooring, suite comprising;
low level WC, pedestal mounted wash hand basin and panelled bath with shower over.

Laundry Area Plumbing for washing machine, water tank and tiled flooring.

Landing

Bedroom One16' (4.88m) x 7'10" (2.39m) narrowing to 6'9" (2.06m). Double glazed window to the
rear aspect, built-in wardrobe, radiator and stripped wooden flooring.

Bedroom Two12'10" x 9'4" (3.91m x 2.84m). Double glazed window to the rear aspect, radiator
and stripped wooden flooring.

Bedroom Three12'10" x 11' (3.91m x 3.35m). Double glazed window to the front aspect, radiator,
stripped wooden flooring and built in wardrobe.

Bedroom Four13'3" x 8'11" (4.04m x 2.72m). Double glazed window to the rear aspect, radiator
and stripped wooden flooring.

Bedroom Five9'8" x 8'8" (2.95m x 2.64m). Double glazed window to the rear aspect, radiator and
built in wardrobe.

Bedroom Six11'10" (3.6m) x 9' (2.74m) x 5' (1.52m) x 20'6" (6.25m) max. Double glazed velux
window, radiator, built in wardrobe and stripped wooden flooring.

Shower Room Skylight, low level WC, pedestal mounted wash hand basin and enclosed shower.

Rear Garden Mainly laid to lawn and shed.

For more information about this property, please contact

Taylors, Headington, OX3 on 01865 521096 (local rate)

24
Contact Taylors, Headington about this property

AREA STATS

Property value data/graphs for OX3

Avg. current
Property type Avg. £ per sq ft. Avg. # beds Avg. £ paid (last 12m)
value

Detached £595,077 £354 4.0 £583,989

Semi-detached £329,484 £333 3.2 £324,182

Terraced £283,124 £328 3.0 £286,462

Flats £221,053 £361 1.9 £203,880

Compare to another area

 Average values
 Value trends
 Value ranges
 Home values

25
 LOCAL INFORMATION

Nearby transport

 Oxford (2.2 miles)

 Radley (4.8 miles)
 Islip (5.0 miles)

 London Luton Airport (37.3 miles)

 London Heathrow Airport (37.7 miles)
 Coventry Airport (44.0 miles)

 Shepperton Ferry Landing (41.6 miles)

 Weybridge Ferry Landing (41.7 miles)
 Moulsey - Hurst Park Ferry Landing (43.7 miles)

Nearby schools

 Headington Preparatory School (0.2 miles)

 Rye St Antony Junior School (0.5 miles)
 Windmill Primary School (0.5 miles)

 Cheney School (0.2 miles)

 Oxford Spires Academy (0.8 miles)
 Include - Oxfordshire (0.8 miles)

 Headington School (0.3 miles)

 Oxfordshire Hospitals Education Service (0.3 miles)
 Rye St Antony School (0.5 miles)

Compare to another area

 People
 Schools
 Crime
 Tax
 Population

 Housing
 Employment
 Family
 Interests
 Newspapers

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

26
B. 2.- GLOSSARY AND CONCEPTS FOR TRANSLATION

REAL STATE = BIENES INMUEBLES O BIENES RAICES

Real estate is "property consisting of land and the buildings on it, along with its
natural resources such as crops, minerals, or water; immovable property of this
nature; an interest vested in this; (also) an item of real property; (more generally)
buildings or housing in general. Also: the business of real estate; the profession of
buying, selling, or renting land, buildings or housing." It is a legal term used in
jurisdictions such as the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and New
Zealand.

PROPERTY LAW = DERECHO DE PROPIEDAD

Property law is the area of law that governs the various forms
of ownership and tenancy in real property (land as distinct from personal or movable
possessions) and in personal property, within the common law legal system. In
the civil law system, there is a division between movable and immovable property.
Movable property roughly corresponds to personal property, while immovable
property corresponds to real estate or real property, and the associated rights and
obligations thereon.
The concept, idea or philosophy of property underlies all property law. In
some jurisdictions, historically all property was owned by the monarch and it
devolved through feudal land tenure or other feudal systems of loyalty and fealty.

REAL PROPERTY = INMUEBLE

Real Property: In English common law, real property, real estate, realty, or immovable
property is any subset of land that has been legally defined and the improvements to
it have been made by human efforts: buildings, machinery, wells, dams, ponds, mines,
canals, roads, etc. Real property and personal property are the two main subunits
of property in English Common Law.
In countries with personal ownership of real property, civil law protects the status of
real property in real-estate markets, where estate agents work in the market of
buying and selling real estate. Scottish civil law calls real property "heritable
property", and in French-based law, it is called immobilier.

PERSONAL PROPERTY = BIENES PERSONALES

Personal property: is generally considered private property that is movable, as
opposed to real property or real estate. In common law systems, personal property
may also be called chattels or personalty. In civil law systems, personal property is

27
often called movable property or movables – any property that can be moved from
one location to another. This term is in distinction with immovable property or
immovables, such as land and buildings. Movable property on land, that which was
not automatically sold with the land, included for example larger livestock (wildlife
and smaller livestock like chickens, by contrast, were often sold as part of the land). In
fact the word cattle is the Old Norman variant of Old French chatel (derived from
Latin capitalis, “of the head”), which was once synonymous with general movable
personal property.

MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS = FUSIONES Y ADQUISICIONES

Mergers and acquisitions (abbreviated M&A) are both an aspect of corporate strategy,
corporate finance and management dealing with the buying, selling, dividing and
combining of different companies and similar entities that can help an enterprise
grow rapidly in its sector or location of origin, or a new field or new location, without
creating a subsidiary, other child entity or using a joint venture. Mergers and
acquisitions activity can be defined as a type of restructuring in that they result in
some entity reorganization with the aim to provide growth or positive
value. Consolidation of an industry or sector occurs when widespread M&A activity
concentrates the resources of many small companies into a few larger ones, such as
occurred with the automotive industry between 1910 and 1940.
The distinction between a "merger" and an "acquisition" has become increasingly
blurred in various respects (particularly in terms of the ultimate economic outcome),
although it has not completely disappeared in all situations. From a legal point of
view, a merger is a legal consolidation of two companies into one entity, whereas
an acquisition occurs when one company takes over another and completely
establishes itself as the new owner (in which case the target company still exists as an
independent legal entity controlled by the acquirer). Either structure can result in the
economic and financial consolidation of the two entities. In practice, a deal that is an
acquisition for legal purposes may be euphemistically called a "merger of equals" if
both CEOs agree that joining together is in the best interest of both of their companies,
while when the deal is unfriendly (that is, when the target company does not want to
be purchased) it is almost always regarded as an "acquisition".

AUCTION = SUBASTA

Auction: An auction is a process of buying and selling goods or services by offering

them up for bid, taking bids, and then selling the item to the highest bidder.
In economic theory, an auction may refer to any mechanism or set of trading rules for
exchange.

Traducciones similares para "Auction" -

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to auction off
agarrar fuerte

auction sale
venta en subasta

legal auction
subasta judicial

to sell at auction
subastar

VALUATION = ESTIMACION/VALORACION/TASA

Valuation: In finance, valuation is the process of estimating what something is worth.

[1]
Items that are usually valued are a financial asset or liability. Valuations can be done
on assets (for example, investments in marketable securities such
as stocks, options, business enterprises, or intangible assets such as
patents and trademarks) or on liabilities (e.g., bonds issued by a company). Valuations
are needed for many reasons such as investment analysis, capital
budgeting, merger and acquisition transactions, financial reporting, taxable events to
determine the proper tax liability, and in litigation.

Traducciones similares para "Valuation"

customs valuation
valor en aduana

property valuation
tasació n de la propiedad

independent valuation of property

tasació n

specific identification inventory valuation

identificació n en la valuació n de un inventario específico

SALES TAX = CONTRIBUCION A LAS VENTAS

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A sales tax is a tax paid to a governing body for the sales of certain goods and services.
Usually laws allow (or require) the seller to collect funds for the tax from the
consumer at the point of purchase.
Laws may allow sellers to itemize the tax separately from the price of the goods or
services, or require it to be included in the price (tax-inclusive). The tax amount is
usually calculated by applying a percentage rate to the taxable price of a sale.
When a tax on goods or services is paid to a governing body directly by a consumer, it
is usually called a use tax.
Often laws provide for the exemption of certain goods or services from sales and use
tax.

Traducciones similares para "sales tax"

sales
liquidaciones, ventas

tax
contribució n, fiscal, gravamen, impositivo,impuesto

to tax
gravar

sales tax book

libro de impuestos

sales tax code

có digo de impuestos

sales tax settlement period

período de liquidació n de impuestos

CONTRACT OF SALE = CONTRATO DE VENTA

A contract of sale is a legal contract an exchange of goods, services or property to be

exchanged from seller (or vendor) to buyer (or purchaser) for an agreed upon value in
money (or money equivalent) paid or the promise to pay same. It is a specific type of
legal contract.
An obvious ancient practice of exchange, in many common-law jurisdictions it is now
governed by statutory law. See commercial law.

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Contracts for sale involving goods are governed by Article 2 of the Uniform
Commercial Code in most United States and Canadian jurisdictions, however
in Quebec such contracts are governed by the Civil Code of Quebec as a nominate
contract in the book on the law of obligations.

Traducciones similares para "contract of sale"

to contract
contraer, contratar

contract
contrato

sale
expendio, liquidació n, venta

OTROS:

MARTILLERO: Auctioneer

MARTILLERO PUBLICO: Public Auctioneer, Real State Broker

MARTILLERO PÚBLICO NACIONAL: National Auctioneer

CORREDOR PÚBLICO: Public Broker

TASADOR: Appraiser

LAS PARTES: The Parties

WARRANTY: Garantia

EXPIRE DATE: Fecha de vencimiento

FORCE MAJEURE: Fuerza major

IMPORTANT!!!: WORDREFERENCE.COM

Principal Translations
subasta nf (adjudicación en venta pública) auction n
La subasta del inmueble no sirvió para saldar sus deudas.
subasta nf (adjudicación a licitador) tendering, bid n

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 La subasta dio la licencia a la empresa que había presentado la opción más
ventajosa.

subastar⇒ vtr (vender al mayor postor) auction, sell at auction, auction off vtr

Se va a subastar un cuadro de Van Gogh en Londres.

subastar vtr (adjudicar a la mejor oferta) put out to tender vtr
El Ministerio subastará la construcción del nuevo aeropuerto.

Compound Forms:
subasta | subastar |
subasta a la baja stop-out price
subasta declarada desierta declare the absence of qualifying bids
subasta directa direct bid
subasta inversa electronic reverse auction
valor de subasta auction value

Principal Translations
remate nm (finalización) ending, finish, conclusion n
El último poema fue un perfecto remate para el libro.
The last poem was a perfect ending for the book.
remate nm (terminar de matar) colloquial finish off vtr
injured animal put [sth] out of its misery vtr
Usó un cuchillo para el remate del animal.
He used a knife to finish off the animal.
remate nm (fin de existencias: venta barata) closing sale, bargain sale n
US close-out, selloff n
El remate de las últimas piezas que les quedaban llenó la tienda de clientes.
The closing sale of the last remaining items filled the store with customers.
remate nm (acabado) finish, finishing n
No me gusta como ha quedado el remate de este vestido.
I don't like how the finishing has turned out on this dress.
remate nm deportes (tiro, disparo) shot n
El delantero falló el remate con la portería vacía.
The forward missed the shot at the empty goal.
remate nm tauromaquia (final de la embestida) finish, end n
El toro levantaba la cabeza en el remate de la embestida.
Principal Translations
rematar⇒
(dar fin) bring to an end conclude, close vtr
vtr
make complete round off vtr phrasal

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 El ayuntamiento organizó un baile para rematar los festejos de fin de año.
The city government organized a dance to conclude the end-of-year
celebrations.
rematar vtr (matar) informal finish off vtr phrasal sep
Lo remató cuando yacía herido en el suelo.
She finished him off when he was already lying wounded on the floor.
rematar vtr (subastar) auction vtr
sell at auction v expr
colloquial auction off vtr phrasal sep
Remataron sus pertenencias para poder saldar la deuda.
They auctioned his possessions to pay off the debt.
rematar vtr (vender lo último) colloquial sell off, close out vtr + adv
Remataron los últimos licores y compré un par de botellas a muy buen
precio.
They sold off (or: closed out) the last liqueurs, and I bought a couple of
bottles at a very good price.
rematar vtr (terminar una costura) finish off, sew up vtr phrasal sep
Remató las costuras del vestido antes de marcharse a casa.
She finished off (or: sewed up) the seams of the dress before going home.
rematar vi deportes (disparar el balón) shoot vtr
El mediocampista remató el balón y anotó el primer tanto del partido.
The midfielder shot the ball, and scored the first point in the match.
Compound Forms:
remate | rematar |
de remate on sale, on clearance

Principal Translations
embargo (retención judicial de bienes) forcible seizure, freezing
nm possession n
house foreclosure n
repossess vtr
stark
Para saldar la deuda de la hipoteca se realizará el embargo del
raving
piso.
mad
embargo (prohibición de comercio con un país) trade
embargo n
nm interdiction
La ONU decretó el embargo de armas a Irak.

Principal Translations
embargar⇒ vtr (confiscar, requisar) seize, confiscate vtr
Le embargaron su casa por no pagar impuestos.

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embargar vtr (invadido por un sentimiento) overwhelm, overcome vtr
fill vtr
Me embargaba la emoción al ver de nuevo mi patria.
Compound Forms:
embargo | embargar |
anotación de
record of garnishment, lien
embargo
anotaciones de
records of garnishment, lien
embargo
levantar un
lift an embargo
embargo
libre de embargo free of restrictions
sin embargo loc adv (no obstante) nevertheless adv
Dice que no tiene dinero; sin embargo, se ha comprado
un buen coche.

Principal Translations
(empeñar inmuebles poniéndolos como
hipotecar⇒ vtr mortgage vtr
garantía)
Para pagar sus deudas tuvo que hipotecar la casa.
hipotecar vtr (poner en peligro, arriesgar) risk, endanger vtr
put at risk expr
Note: When using the phrase "put at risk" in an active sentence, the object is
positioned directly after the verb, e.g. giving up your studies now will put your
future at risk.
Si dejas de estudiar estás hipotecando tu futuro.

ANNEX I:
GLOSSARY

Glosario útil a tener en cuenta:

To apply to sth: solicitar algo

To borrow: solicitar (un préstamo)

To credit: acreditar

To enter into/make an agreement: celebrar un contrato/acuerdo

To execute an agreement: firmar un contrato

To pledge: prendar

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To revoke: rechazar

To redeem: amortizar

Adjustable rate: tasa variable

Accrued interest: interés acumulado

Account number: numero de cuenta

Adjustable rate mortgage: hipoteca con tasa variable

Arrangement fee: comisión de transacciones crediticias

Advance/Anticipation: adelanto/anticipo

Attachment: anexo

Arrears: atrasos/vencidos

ATM automatic Teller Machine/Cash Dispenser: cajero automático

Assets: activos

Bank clerk: empleado del banco

Borrower: prestatario/deudor

Base rate: tasa base

Bank loan: préstamo bancario

Business days: días hábiles

Broker: corredor

Bonds: bonos/obligaciones del estado

------- Government bonds: bonos públicos

------- Corporate Bonds: bonos privados

------- Convertible Bonds: bonos convertibles

------- Collable Bonds: bonos con amortización anticipada

------- High yield Bonds: bonos de alto rendimiento

Banking: Banca

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Builiding societies: sociedades hipotecarias

Bad/bounced check: cheque sin fondos

Balance: saldo

Bill of Exchange: letra de cambio

Brochures: folletos publicitarios

Customer/client: cliente

Cashier’s desk: la caja

Capped rate: tasa con techo

Cost: costo

Claim: reclamo

Check: cheque

-------- to draw a check: librar un cheque

-------- blank check: cheque en blanco

-------- crossed check: cheque cruzado

-------- to endose a check to sb: endosar un cheque a alguien

-------- overdue check: cheque vencido

-------- post-dated check: cheque con fecha futura

-------- bearer check: cheque al portador

-------- dishonoured check: cheque no pagadero/sin fondos

-------- to honour a check: pagar un cheque

-------- overdrawn check: cheque en descubierto

Credit: crédito/préstamo

-------- to grant a credit: otorgar/conceder un préstamo

-------- to cancel a crédito: cancelar/saldar un crédito

Credit worthiness: solvencia crediticia

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Credit standing: capacidad de pago

Current account/checking account: cuenta corriente

Clause: cláusula

Drawer: el librador

Drawee: el librado

Day of maturity: fecha de vencimiento

Date of issue: fecha de libramiento

Discount rate: tasa de descuento

Default interest: interés por mora/incumplimiento

Dead loan: préstamo incobrable

Disbursment: desembolso

Damages: daños y perjuicios

Deny: derogación

Deposit account/saving account: caja de ahorro

Economic value added EVA: IVA

Finance: finanzas

Finance charge: gastos por financiación

Floating/flexible rate: tasa variable

Floor interest: interés piso

Fixed rate term: con taza fija a plazo

Fee: commission /honorario

Failure: incumplimiento

Form: formulario

Finance house: sociedad financiera

Funds: fondos

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-------- lack of sufficient funds: falta de fondos suficientes

Financing: financieamiento

Foreign Exchange counter: ventanilla de cambio de moneda

Guarantor: garante

General period: período de gracia

Interbank interest: interés interbancario

Interest: interés

--------- To accrue interest: acumular

--------- To yield interest: devengar/generar

Investment bank: banco de inversion

Insurance cover: cobertura de seguro

Issuing bank: banco emisor

Insuarance: seguro

----------- To arrange an insurance: contratar

Incremental charges: gastos incrementales

Joint-stock bank: banco commercial

Lender: prestamista/prestador

Loan: préstamo

--------to ask for a loan: solicitor

-------- to extend a loan: otorgar/conceder

--------to repay a loan: amortizar

-------- to renew/rotate a loan: renovar

Liability: pasivo

Maturity: vencimiento

Magnetic strip: tira magnética

38
Merchant banks: bancos industriales y de inversión/de negocios/mercantil

Mortgage services: crédito hipotecario

Market for securities: el mercado de valores

Notice: aviso/notificación

Notes: bonos del estado

Outstanding interest: interés pendiente

Owed: adeudado/en mora

Overdue: no pagado/adeudado

Order bank: formulario/hoja de pedido

Officer: empleado jerárquico

Overdarft: giro en descubierto

Prime rate: tasa preferencial

Penalty interest: interés punitorio

Personal loan: préstamo personal

Provisions: condiciones/disposiciones

Proceeds: monto

Purpose: objetivo

Place of issue: lugar de libramiento

Prematuring: vencimiento anticipado

Payment: pago

Repay: pagar/ amortizar por adelantado

Penalty: recargo

Rollover/revolving loan: préstamo renovable

Receipt: recibo

Remedies: recursos

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Remainder: remanente

Regulation: reglamentación

Representation: declaración

Risk: riesgo

Rubber check: cheque sin fondos

Short-term: a corto plazo

Security: garantía/prenda

Securities: valores (acción, titulo, etc)

Stock list: cartel con las cotizaciones

Stock Exchange: la Bolsa

Stockbroker: agente de cambio/corredor de comercio

Stock Exchange agent: agente de bolsa

Serial number: numero de serie

Share/stock: acción

-------- par value stock: nominal

Signature: firma

Term: plazo

Time account: plazo fijo

Treasuries: titulos del estado

Teller: cajero (persona)

Terms: condiciones

Unsecured loan: préstamo sin garantía

Undated: sin fecha

Under seal: sellado

Variable rate mortgage: hipoteca con tasa de interés variable

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Withdrawal: extracción

------------ to withdraw: extraer

Worthiness: solvencia

(UD. PUEDE IR ARMANDO AQUÍ, SU PROPIO GLOSARIO…..)

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