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CI 555- FUNDACIONES

ACTIVIDAD Nº11 - CALCULO MURO DE CONTENSION

1.VARIABLES PARA EMPUJE ACTIVO

1.1 Variables para empuje activo

kN kN
tonf c ≔ 30 ―― φ ≔ 12.5° q ≔ 2 ―― SOBRECARGA adoptada
γ ≔ 1.65 ―― m2 m2
m3
H ≔ 4.15 m 2
⎛ φ⎞
ka ≔ tan ⎜45° - ―⎟
⎝ 2⎠
ka = 0.64

Para el calculo se tuvieron en cuenta la sobrecarga de 2KN/m2, y la cohesión, con todos

los fenómenos conocidos que conllevan.
kN expresión obtenida del
Ec ≔ -2 ⋅ (c ⋅ 0.33 ⋅ H)) ⋅ ‾‾
ka = -65.95 ―― expresión reducida
m libro de GEOTECNIA II
1 kN
Ea ≔ ―⋅ ka ⋅ γ ⋅ H 2 = 81.42 ――
2 m
kN
Eq ≔ q ⋅ ka ⋅ H = 5.35 ――
m

kN
Eh ≔ Ec + Ea + Eq = 20.82 ――
m

1.2 CALCULO DE variables geométricas, teniendo en cuenta recomendaciones del libro

introducción al calculo de hormigón estructural_ Orler.

H = 4.15 m

1
B ≔ ―⋅ H = 2.08 m
2
1
B´ ≔ ―― ⋅ H = 0.35 m
12
1
A ≔ ―⋅ B = 0.69 m
3
1
C ≔ ―― ⋅ H = 0.17 m
24
1
D ≔ ―― ⋅ H = 0.42 m
10

Geometria adoptada

H ≔ 3.5 m C ≔ 0.3 m
B ≔ 1.8 m D ≔ 0.3 m
B' ≔ 0.3 m
A≔0 m
kgf H
Eh = 2123.18 ―― h ≔ ―= 1.17 m
m 3
1
Mvolc ≔ Eh ⋅ h = 24291.45 ―⋅ N ⋅ m
m
1.8
A1 ≔ 4.8 m 2 x1 ≔ ――m + 0.3 m = 1.2 m
2
A2 ≔ 0.96 m 2 0.3
x2 ≔ ――m = 0.15 m
A3 ≔ 0.54 m 2 2
1.8
x3 ≔ ――m = 0.9 m
2

1
W1 ≔ γ ⋅ A1 = 70.46 ―⋅ kN 1 de 7
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1
W1 ≔ γ ⋅ A1 = 70.46 ―⋅ kN
m
kgf 1
W2 ≔ 2400 ―― 3
⋅ A2 = 22.595 ―⋅ kN
m m
kgf 1
W3 ≔ 2400 ―― 3
⋅ A3 = 12.709 ―⋅ kN
m m
1
R ≔ W1 + W2 + W3 = 105.76 ―⋅ kN
m
1
Mestab ≔ W1 ⋅ x1 + W2 ⋅ x2 + W3 ⋅ x3 = 99.38 ―⋅ kN ⋅ m
m

1.3 Verificación al volcamiento

1
Mestab = 99379.45 ―⋅ N ⋅ m
m
1
Mvolc = 24291.45 ―⋅ N ⋅ m
m
Mestab
Fsvol ≔ ――― = 4.09 se verifica >1.5
Mvolc
if Fsvol > 1.5 | = “"verifica Fs al volcamiento”
‖ “"verifica Fs al volcamiento” |
‖ |
‖ ||
1.4 Verificación de las tensiones sobre el terreno
Mestab - Mvolc
x ≔ ――――― = 0.71 m B = 1.8 m
R
B B
e ≔ ―- x = 0.19 m ―= 0.3 m
2 6

calculo de las tensiones

R ⎛ 6⋅e⎞ kgf
σmax ≔ ―― ⋅ ⎜1 + ―― ⎟ = 0.98 ――
B⋅1 ⎝ B ⎠ cm 2
R ⎛ 6⋅e⎞ kgf
σmin ≔ ―― ⋅ ⎜1 - ―― ⎟ = 0.22 ――
B⋅1 ⎝ B ⎠ cm 2

1.5 verificación al deslizamiento

analizando las tensiones generadas
f1 ≔ 0.55
kgf
σmax = 9787.11 ――
m2
B kgf
fw.Ev ≔ ⎛⎝σmax⎞⎠ ⋅ ―⋅ f1 = 4844.62 ――
2 m
kN
Eh = 20.82 ――
m
fw.Ev
――= 2.28 se verifica >1.5
Eh
kgf kN
R = 10784.9 m ⋅ ―― B = 1.8 m α ≔ 0.85 c = 30 ――
m2 m2
kgf
Eh = 2123.18 m ⋅ ――
m2
⎛2 ⎞
R ⋅ tan ⎜―⋅ φ⎟ + B ⋅ α ⋅ c
⎝3 ⎠
Fdeslizamiento ≔ ―――――――― = 2.95
Eh
if Fdeslizamiento > 1.5 | = “"verifica Fs al deslizamiento”
‖ “"verifica Fs al deslizamiento” |
‖ |
‖ ||

CALCULO DE ARMADURA
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| = “"verifica Fs al deslizamiento”
if Fdeslizamiento > 1.5
‖ “"verifica Fs al deslizamiento” | CI 555- FUNDACIONES
‖ |
‖ ||

CALCULO DE ARMADURA

2. HIPOTESIS 1
Para esta hipotesis consideramos al muro comportandose como una mensula. en donde las
tracciones se desarrollaran en la parte exterior del muro.

2.1 Armadura de pantalla

2.1.1 Armadura pantalla sentido vertical segun seccion 1-1 y verificacion a corte

ka = 0.64 h ≔ B' = 0.3 m fy ≔ 420 MPa

kN
γ = 14.68 ―― fc ≔ 25 MPa
m3
bw ≔ 1 m
H' ≔ 3.2 m
1 kN
Eh1.1 ≔ ―⋅ ka ⋅ γ ⋅ H' 2 = 48.41 ――
2 m
H' 1
M1.1 ≔ Eh1.1 ⋅ ―― = 51639.37 ―⋅ N ⋅ m
3 m
1
Mu ≔ M1.1 ⋅ 1.6 = 82623 ―⋅ N ⋅ m
m

calculo de armadura
Mu ⋅ m
Mn ≔ ――= 91803.33 N ⋅ m
0.9
d ≔ h - 0.05 m - 0.025 m = 0.23 m

Mn
mn ≔ ―――― = 0.07 k≔1- ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
1 - 2 mn = 0.08
fc ⋅ bw ⋅ d 2

fc ⋅ bw ⋅ k ⋅ d 1
As ≔ ――――= 10.1 ―⋅ cm 2
fy ⋅ m m
‾‾‾‾
fc
――
MPa 1
As.min.1 ≔ ―――― ⋅ bw ⋅ d = 6.7 ―⋅ cm 2
fy m
4 ⋅ ―― ⋅m
MPa

1.4 ⋅ bw ⋅ d ⋅ MPa 1
As.min.2 ≔ ―――――― = 7.5 ―⋅ cm 2
fy ⋅ m m
1 1
As.min.3 ≔ 0.0018 ⋅ 30 cm ⋅ 100 cm ⋅ ―= 5.4 ―⋅ cm 2
m m

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Armadura adoptada seccion 1-1

3.14 ⋅ ϕbarra 2
ϕbarra ≔ 20 mm As ≔ ――――― = 3.14 cm 2
4
smax ≔ 20 cm
if smax ≤ 20 cm | = “"verifica separacion”
As cm 2 ‖ “"verifica separacion” |
Asadop ≔ ―― = 15.7 ―― ‖ |
smax m ‖ ||

Armadura adoptada vertical principal según sección 1-1

1db 20 mm c/20cm

Verificacion a Corte
kN
Eh = 20.82 ――
m
kN kN Vu kN
V ≔ Eh = 20.82 ――Vu ≔ 1.6 ⋅ V = 33.31 ―― Vn ≔ ――= ? ――
m m 0.75 m
1 ‾‾‾‾
fc MPa 1
Vc ≔ ―⋅ ――⋅ bw ⋅ d ⋅ ―― = 187.5 ―⋅ kN
6 MPa m m

if Vc > Vn | = “"verifica seccion”

‖ “"verifica seccion” |
‖ |
‖ ||

Dado que debido al aporte del hormigon es mayor a la solicitacion a corte, no requiere
armadura debido a corte.

2.1.2 Armadura pantalla sentido horizontal

Para el espesor de pared
b ≔ 0.3 m
Ash ≔ 0.0025 ⋅ b ⋅ 100 cm = 7.5 cm 2

ϕbarra ≔ 12 mm 3.14 ⋅ ϕbarra 2

As ≔ ――――― = 1.13 cm 2
4
smax ≔ 15 cm
if smax ≤ 20 cm | = “"verifica separacion”
As cm 2 ‖ “"verifica separacion” |
Asadop ≔ ―― = 7.54 ―― |
smax m ‖
‖ ||

armadura adoptada horizontal

1db 12 mm c/15cm

2.2 Armadura de talon y verficacion al corte

Para el calculo de momento no consideramos el efecto de la presion del suelo por
debajo, obteniendo un valor mas conservador.

2.2.1 Armadura de talon direccion principal

kN 1.5 kN 1.5 1
Mu ≔ 1.6 ⋅ 70.46 ――⋅ ――m + 1.2 ⋅ 24 ―― ⋅ 1.5 m ⋅ 0.3 m ⋅ ――m = 94.27 ―⋅ kN ⋅ m
m 2 m3 2 m
Calculo de armadura talon principal

h ≔ 0.3 m fc = 25 MPa fy = 420 MPa bw = 1 m

Mu ⋅ m
Mn ≔ ――= 104.75 kN ⋅ m
0.9
d ≔ h - 0.05 m - 0.020 m = 0.23 m
Mn
mn ≔ ―――― = 0.08 k≔1- ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
1 - 2 mn = 0.08
fc ⋅ bw ⋅ d 2

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mn ≔ ―――― = 0.08 k≔1- ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
1 - 2 mn = 0.08
fc ⋅ bw ⋅ d 2

fc ⋅ bw ⋅ k ⋅ d 1
As ≔ ――――= 11.31 ―⋅ cm 2
fy ⋅ m m
‾‾‾‾
fc
――
MPa 1
As.min.1 ≔ ―――― ⋅ bw ⋅ d = 6.85 ―⋅ cm 2
fy m
4 ⋅ ―― ⋅m
MPa
1.4 ⋅ bw ⋅ d ⋅ MPa 1
As.min.2 ≔ ―――――― = 7.67 ―⋅ cm 2
fy ⋅ m m
1 1
As.min.3 ≔ 0.0018 ⋅ 30 cm ⋅ 100 cm ⋅ ―= 5.4 ―⋅ cm 2
m m

Armadura adoptada talon principial

3.14 ⋅ ϕbarra 2
ϕbarra ≔ 16 mm As ≔ ――――― = 2.01 cm 2
4
smax ≔ 15 cm if smax ≤ 20 cm | = “"verifica separacion”
As cm 2 ‖ “"verifica separacion” |
Asadop ≔ ―― = 13.4 ―― ‖ |
smax m ‖ ||

Armadura de talon direccion principal adoptada:

1db 16 mm c/15cm

Verificacion a Corte

kN kN kN
Vu ≔ 1.6 ⋅ 70.46 ―― + 1.2 ⋅ 24 ―― ⋅ 1.5 m ⋅ 0.3 m = 125.7 ――
m m 3 m
Vu kN
Vn ≔ ――= 167.59 ――
0.75 m
1 ‾‾‾‾
fc MPa 1
Vc ≔ ―⋅ ――⋅ bw ⋅ d ⋅ ―― = 191.67 ―⋅ kN
6 MPa m m

if Vc > Vn | = “"verifica seccion”

‖ “"verifica seccion” |
‖ |
‖ ||

2.2.2 Armdura de talon direccion transversal respecto a la direccion principal

1 1
As.min.3 ≔ 0.0018 ⋅ 30 cm ⋅ 100 cm ⋅ ―= 5.4 ―⋅ cm 2
m m
3.14 ⋅ ϕbarra 2
ϕbarra ≔ 12 mm As ≔ ――――― = 1.13 cm 2
4
smax ≔ 15 cm if smax ≤ 20 cm | = “"verifica separacion”
As cm 2 ‖ “"verifica separacion” |
Asadop ≔ ―― = 7.54 ―― ‖ |
smax m ‖ ||

Armadura de talon tranversal adoptada:

1db 12 mm c/15cm

3. HIPOTESIS 2
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3. HIPOTESIS 2
Modelo adoptado para el calculo, considerando que se prevea la construccion de una losa
que cambiara sustancialmente las condiciones de borde del muro en la direccion
principal. obteniendo un valor de momento que traccionara en la parte interior del
muro.
Generando un refuerzo para dicho caso.

Modelo de calculo, para determinar los momentos

1
Eh = 20.82 ―⋅ kN Ya.a ≔ 3.2 m - 1.06 m = 2.14 m Se adopto el brazo de
m
palanca mayor para
1 generar mayor momento
Mu ≔ Eh ⋅ Ya.a = 44.56 ―⋅ kN ⋅ m
m

3.1 Calculo de armadura direccion principal para hipotesis 2

h ≔ 0.3 m fc = 25 MPa fy = 420 MPa bw = 1 m

Mu ⋅ m
Mn ≔ ――= 49.51 kN ⋅ m
0.9
d ≔ h - 0.05 m - 0.020 m = 0.23 m
Mn
mn ≔ ―――― = 0.04 k≔1- ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
1 - 2 mn = 0.04
fc ⋅ bw ⋅ d 2

fc ⋅ bw ⋅ k ⋅ d 1
As ≔ ――――= 5.22 ―⋅ cm 2
fy ⋅ m m
‾‾‾‾
fc
――
MPa 1
As.min.1 ≔ ―――― ⋅ bw ⋅ d = 6.85 ―⋅ cm 2
fy m
4 ⋅ ―― ⋅m
MPa
1.4 ⋅ bw ⋅ d ⋅ MPa 1
As.min.2 ≔ ―――――― = 7.67 ―⋅ cm 2 armadura adoptada
fy ⋅ m m
1 1
As.min.3 ≔ 0.0018 ⋅ 30 cm ⋅ 100 cm ⋅ ―= 5.4 ―⋅ cm 2
m m

3.2 Armadura direccion principal para hipotesis 2 zona interior

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3.2 Armadura direccion principal para hipotesis 2 zona interior

armadura adoptada
1
As.min.2 = 7.67 ―⋅ cm 2
m
3.14 ⋅ ϕbarra 2
ϕbarra ≔ 12 mm As ≔ ――――― = 1.13 cm 2
4
smax ≔ 15 cm if smax ≤ 20 cm | = “"verifica separacion”
As cm 2 ‖ “"verifica separacion” |
Asadop ≔ ―― = 7.54 ―― ‖ |
smax m ‖ ||

Armadura direccion principal para hipotesis 2:

1db 12 mm c/15cm

3.3 Armadura horinzontal para hipotesis 2 zona interior.

Se adopta la misma armadura para el sentido horizontal

Armadura horizontal para hipotesis 2

1db 12 mm c/15cm

4. Tabla resumen.

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