EJERCICIO 1

ZAPATA TRAPEZOIDAL

Diseñar una zapata combinada trapezoidal sometida a carga axial y momento en la

dirección x.

Especificaciones:

COLUMNA 1 COLUMNA 2

PCM = 108 T PCM = 78 T

PCV = 45 T PCV = 36 T
MCM = - 4.3 T·m MCM = 3.2 T·m
MCV = -2 T·m MCV = 2.4 T·m
MATERIALES: f ' c = 210 kg/cm2
fy = 4200 kg/cm2
ESFUERZO DEL SUELO: σ s=20 T / m2

COLUMNAS: 50X50 cm

FACTORES DE MAYORACIÓN Peso propio + relleno = 15 %

 Esfuerzos: 1.2D + 1.6L

∑ P=R
R=108+45+78+36 ⟶ R=267 T

∑ M o=0

−4.3−2+3.2+2.4+ ( 78+36 ) ( 4.5 m )−R· x o =0

−267 x o=−512.3

x o=1.9187 m

x 1=1.9187+0.25=2.1687 m

 Chequeo

L 5
= =1.667 m
3 3
L L
≤ x1 ≤
3 2
L 5
= =2.5 m
2 2
1.667 ≤ x 1 ≤2.5 ⟶ OK
 Área de fundación

AF=
∑ P+%P = 267∗1.15
σs 20

A F =15.35m 2

AF= ( a+b2 ) × L
15.35 m 2= ( a+2 b ) ×5
x́
a+ b=6.14

⟶ a=6.14−b(1)

 Centro de gravedad

x́= ( 2a+b
a+ b L
)· 3
x́=x 1 ⟶ 2.1687= ( 2a+b
a+b 5
)· 3
⟶ 1.30122 ( a+ b )=2 a+ b(2)

(1) en (2)

1.30122 ( 6.14−b+b ) =2 ( 6.14−b ) +b

−4.2905=−b ⟶ b = 4.29 m
a = 1.85 m

q s ≤σ s

q s=
∑P
A FAdop
 267 T
q s=
4.29+1.85
( 2
×5 )
q s=17.39 T /m2

q s ≤σ s ⟶OK

 Cargas y esfuerzos últimos

P uizq =1.2 ( 108 ) +1.6 ( 45 )=201.60 T

P uder =1.2 ( 78 ) +1.6 ( 36 )=151.20 T

M u izq=1.2 (−4.3 ) +1.6 (−2 )=−8.36 T·m

M u der=1.2 ( 3.2 ) +1.6 ( 2.4 ) =7.68T·m

q su=
∑ Pu
A Fadop

201.6+151.2
q su= =22.98 T /m 2
15.35

W UI =22.98× 4.29

W UI =98.60 T /m

W UD =22.98 ×1.85

W UD =42.50 T /m
CORTANTE UNIDIRECCIONAL

⫸Si: h = 0.50 m
d = 0.425 m
V u=115.83 T

4.29−1.85 Lc−1.85
=
5 4.075
 Lc=3.84 m

Vu
vu =
ϕ·Lc·d

115.83 ×103
vu =
0.75× 384 × 42.5

vu =9.46 kg /c m2

v p =0.53 √ f ' c=0.53 √ 210

v p =7.68 kg /c m2

vu > v p ⟶ Aumentar h

⫸Si: h = 0.55 m

d = 0.475 m

V u=111.39 T

4.29−1.85 Lc−1.85
=
5 4.025
Lc=3.814 m

111.39 ×103
vu =
0.75× 381.4 × 47.5

vu =7.88 kg /c m2

v c > v p ⟶ Aumentar h

⫸Si: h = 0.60 m

d = 0.525 m

V u=107.03 T
4.29−1.85 Lc−1.85
=
5 3.975
Lc=3.7898 m

107.03 ×103
vu =
0.75× 378.98× 52.5

vu =7.17 kg /c m 2

vu < v p ⟶ OK

Asumo:

h = 0.60 m
d = 0.525 m

CORTANTE BIDIRECCIONAL

 Columna más cargada: C 1

q su=22.98 T /m 2

v p =1.06 √ f ' c=1.06 √ 210

v p =15.36 kg /c m2

b o=2 ( 0.7625 ) +1.025

b o=2.55 m

V u=Pu −q su (A punzonamiento )

V u=201.6−22.98(0.7625× 1.025)
V u=183.64 T

Vu
vu =
ϕ .b o .d

183.64 ×103 2
vu = =18.29 kg /c m
0.75× 255× 52.5

vu > v p → Aumentar h

⫸Si:
h = 0.70 m
d = 0.625 m

b o=2 ( 0.8125 ) +1.125

b o=2.75 m

V u=201.60−22.98 ( 0.8125 ×1.125 )

V u=180 .59 T
 180.59 ×103
vu =
0.75× 275× 62.5

vu =14.01 kg/c m 2
v c < v p → OK

FLEXIÓN
4.29+1.850
B 1=
2
B1=3.07 m

M u [ T . m] 3.055 185.05 1.357

ρ 0.000117 0.0043 0.00014

A smin 63.96 63.96

A s [ c m2 ] 63.96 82.50 63.96

20 ϕ 20 22 ϕ 22 20 ϕ 20
(1ϕ 20@16 cm) (1ϕ 22@14 cm) (1ϕ 20@16 cm)
 Armadura
Armadura Inferior
Superior

ARMADURA EN EL OTRO SENTIDO

Pu
W u=
B

 Columna izquierda

4.29−1.85 BI −1.85
=
5 4.75
BI=4.168 m

201.60
W UI = =48.37 T /m
4.168
 1.834 2
M UI =48.37 × =81.35 T . m
2
b=0.969 m
d=0.625 m
ρ=0.006127

A s=ρ ×b × d=0.006127 × 96.9× 62.5

A s=37.11 c m2
∴ 6 ϕ 28 mm
∴ 1ϕ 28 mm @14 cm

 Columna derecha

4.29−1.85 BD−1.85
=
2 0.25
BD=1.972 m

151.20
W UD = =76.67T /m
1.972

0.736 2
M UD=76.67 × =20.77T . m
2

b=0.969 m
d=0.625 m
ρ=0.001477 → ρmin =0.0033

A s=ρ ×b × d=0.0033 × 96.9× 62.50

A s =20.1875 c m 2
min

∴ 4 ϕ 25 mm
∴ 1ϕ 25 mm @20 cm

A sd=0.0018 ×100 ×70

A sd=12.6 c m2
∴ 5 ϕ18 mm
∴ 1ϕ 18 mm @17 cm