Diseño Madera Grupo N°04

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE UCAYALI
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA DE SISTEMAS Y DE INGENIERIA CIVIL DOCENTE: ING. MG. ENZO

ESCUELA ACADEMICA PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL MORALES BERRIO
DISEÑO ESTRUCTURAL DE ACERO Y MADERA
TIJERAL DE MADERA
MEMORIA DE CALCULO FEBRERO – 2023 GRUPO N°04
DISEÑO DE TIJERAL
DATOS:
RECOMENDACIONES:
h ⎛1 5 ⎞
＝ - , luces de (6-12)m
⎜ ⎟
l ⎝ 4 12 ⎠ GRUPO ≔ “C”
l1 ≔ 1.5 l2 ≔ 1.5 l3 ≔ 1.5 l4 ≔ 1.5 l5 ≔ 1.5 l6 ≔ 1.5 l7 ≔ 1.5 l8 ≔ 1.5 m

m m m m m m m
Á rea tributaria: e ≔ 4.0 m
L ≔ l1 + l2 + l3 + l4 = 6
m
L-6 m H ≔ K ⋅ L = 1.5 m
K≔ + 0.25 =
0.25
36 m
Se asume⎛una⎞ H de preferencia entera: H0 ≔ 2 m
H0 180
α ≔ atan ⋅ = 18.43
⎜ ⎟
⎝ L ⎠ π
CONSIDERACIONES DE CARGAS:
Ingresar dimensiones en bp ≔ hp ≔ 6
pulgada 2
CONSIDERACIONES DE CARGA
PESO DE LA ARMADURA
-1-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
M = 5.04
kgf LM = 43.66 m
m
WA ≔ L M WA kgf
•M = 220.04 kgf --------------- WAM ≔ = 4.58
LT ⋅ m2
e
COBERTUR
A kgf
cobertura ≔ 3.9
m2
kgf kgf kgf
correas ≔ 8.4 ⋅ +9⋅ = 17.4
m2 m2 m2
-2-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
kgf
WINCLINADO ≔ cobertura + correas = 21.3
m2
WINCLINADO kgf
W HORIZONTAL ≔ = 22.45
⎛α⋅π⎞ m2
cos ⎜ 180 ⎟
⎝ ⎠
Cielo raso de madera machihembrada.

kgf
luminarias ≔ 5
2
mkgf
CieloRaso ≔ 10
m2 kgf
Q. ≔ luminarias + CieloRaso = 15
m2
Sobrecargas de techo inclinado.
kgf
sobrecarga ≔ 30 ⋅
m2
ANALISIS DE CARGA DE LA BRIDA SUPERIOR

kgf
carga1 ≔ WAM + WHORIZONTAL + sobrecarga = 57.04
m2
area ≔ LT ⋅ e = 48 m 2
Carga1 ≔ carga1 ⋅ area = 2737.75 kgf
CARGA POR NUDO

l1 ⋅ Carga1
nudo1 ≔ = 171.11 kgf
2 ⋅ LT
(l1 + l2) ⋅ Carga1
nudo2 ≔ = 342.22 kgf
2 ⋅ LT
(l2 + l3) ⋅ Carga1
nudo3 ≔ = 342.22 kgf
2 ⋅ LT
(l3 + l4) ⋅ Carga1
nudo4 ≔ = 342.22 kgf
2 ⋅ LT
(l4 + l5) ⋅ Carga1
nudo5 ≔ = 342.22 kgf
2 ⋅ LT
(l5 + l6) ⋅ Carga1
nudo6 ≔ = 342.22 kgf
2 ⋅ LT
(l6 + l7) ⋅ Carga1
nudo7 ≔ = 342.22 kgf
2 ⋅ LT
(l7 + l8) ⋅ Carga1
nudo8 ≔ = 342.22 kgf
-3-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
2 ⋅ LT
l8 ⋅ Carga1
nudo9 ≔ = 171.11 kgf
2 ⋅ LT
-4-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
ANALISIS DE CARGA DE LA BRIDA INFERIOR

kgf
carga2 ≔ Q. = 15
m2
area ≔ LT ⋅ e = 48 m 2
Carga2 ≔ carga2 ⋅ area = 720 kgf
CARGA POR NUDO

l1 ⋅ Carga2
Nudo1 ≔ = 45 kgf
2 ⋅ LT
(l1 + l2) ⋅ Carga2
Nudo2 ≔ 2 ⋅ LT = 90 kgf
(l2 + l3) ⋅ Carga2

Nudo3 ≔ 2 ⋅ LT = 90 kgf
(l3 + l4) ⋅ Carga2

Nudo4 ≔ 2 ⋅ LT = 90 kgf
(l4 + l5) ⋅ Carga2

Nudo5 ≔ 2 ⋅ LT = 90 kgf
(l5 + l6) ⋅ Carga2

Nudo6 ≔ 2 ⋅ LT = 90 kgf
(l6 + l7) ⋅ Carga2

Nudo7 ≔ 2 ⋅ LT = 90 kgf
(l7 + l8) ⋅ Carga2

Nudo8 ≔ 2 ⋅ LT = 90 kgf
l8 ⋅ Carga2
Nudo9 ≔ = 45 kgf
2 ⋅ LT
-5-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
CÁLCULO DE FUERZAS INTERNAS DE LA ARMADURA
1.- ARMADURA
2.- METODOLOGIA DE ANALISIS
Para poder calcular las fuerzas internas de la armadura se va realizar con el

método de sistematización total.
2.1. INGRESO DE DATOS DE LA ARMADURA
NUDOS FUERZAS
Se ingresan las coordenadas Se ingresan fuerzas en los nudos
de cada nudo en el sistema para ambas direcciones.
global.
Nudo Nudofuerza Fx Fy
X Y
kgf
1 1 0 - nudo1 + Nudo1
0 0
2 l1 ⋅ H0 2 0 -nudo2
l1
l1 + l2 + l3 + 3 0 -nudo3
3 l4 l1 + l2 ⋅ H0 4 0 -nudo4
l1 + l2
l1 + l2 + l3 + 5 0 -nudo5
l4
4 6 0 -nudo6
l1 + l2 + l3 l1 + l2 + l3 ⋅
H0 l1 + l2 + l3 7 0 -nudo7
5
l1 + l2 + l3 +
+ l4 8 0 -nudo8
6 l4 H0 9 0 - nudo9 + Nudo9
l6 + l7 + l8 ⋅ H0 10 0 -Nudo2
7 l1 + l2 + l3 + l4 + l5
l5 + l6 + l7 + l8 11 0 -Nudo3
l7 + l8 ⋅ H0 12 0 -Nudo4
8 l1 + l2 + l3 + l4 + l5 + l6
l5 + l6 + l7 + 13 0 -Nudo5
l5 + l6 + l7 +
l8 l8
14 0 -Nudo6
9 l1 l1 + l2
+ l2 + l3
+ l3 + l4
+ l4 + l5
+ l5 + l6
+ l6 + +
+ l7 l8 ⋅0H0
l7
l8 15 0 -Nudo7
10 l1 0 16 0 -6
-Nudo8 -
11 l1 + l2 0
12 l1 + l2 + l3 0
13 l1 + l2 + l3 + l4 0
TIJERAL DE MADERA
14 l1 + l2 + l3 + l4 + l5 0
15 l1 + l2 + l3 + l4 + l5 + l6 0
16 l1 + l2 + l3 + l4 + l5 + l6 + l7 0
BARRAS APOYOS
Se indica la conectividad de las barras Se ingresan los apoyos de la
dentro del sistema. estructura.
Ni: Nudo inicial de la barra Δx : Desplazamiento en X.
Nj: Nudo final de la barra. Δy : Desplazamiento en Y.
Barra Ni Nj Area E Apoyo N_restringido Δx Δy
⎛⎝cm 2 ⎛ kgf ⎞
⎞⎠
⎜ ⎟
⎝ cm 2 ⎠
1 10 0 0
1 1 2 4 55000 2 16 0 0
2 2 3 4 55000
3 3 4 4 55000
4 4 5 4 55000
5 5 6 4 55000
6 6 7 4 55000
7 7 8 4 55000
8 8 9 4 55000
9 1 10 4 55000
10 10 11 4 55000
11 11 12 4 55000
12 12 13 4 55000
13 13 14 4 55000
14 14 15 4 55000
15 15 16 4 55000
16 16 9 4 55000
17 10 2 4 55000
18 11 3 4 55000
19 12 4 4 55000
20 13 5 4 55000
21 14 6 4 55000
22 15 7 4 55000
23 16 8 4 55000
24 2 11 4 55000
25 3 12 4 55000
26 4 13 4 55000
27 13 6 4 55000
28 14 7 4 55000
-7-
29 15 8 4 55000
TIJERAL DE MADERA
2.2. GRADOS DE LIBERTAD
2.3. MATRIZ DE RIGIDEZ DE CADA ELEMENTO LOCAL.
BARRA 1: BARRA 2:
L = 1.5811 m
1 L = 1.5811 m
2
⎡
k' = ⎡
139.1402 -139.1402 kgf k' = 139.1402 -139.1402 kgf
⎤ ⎤
1 ⎣ -139.1402 139.1402 ⎦ mm 2 ⎣ -139.1402 139.1402 ⎦ mm
BARRA 3: BARRA 4:
L = 1.5811 m
3 L = 1.5811 m
4
⎡
k' = ⎡
139.1402 -139.1402 kgf k' = 139.1402 -139.1402 kgf
⎤ ⎤
3 ⎣ -139.1402 139.1402 ⎦ mm 4 ⎣ -139.1402 139.1402 ⎦ mm
BARRA 5: BARRA 6:
L = 1.5811 m
5 L = 1.5811 m
6
-8-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎡
k' = ⎡
139.1402 -139.1402 kgf k' = 139.1402 -139.1402 kgf
⎤ ⎤
5 ⎣ -139.1402 139.1402 ⎦ mm 6 ⎣ -139.1402 139.1402 ⎦ mm
-9-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
BARRA 7: BARRA 8:
L = 1.5811 m
7 L = 1.5811 m
8
⎡
k' = ⎡
139.1402 -139.1402 kgf k' = 139.1402 -139.1402 kgf
⎤ ⎤
7 ⎣ -139.1402 139.1402 ⎦ mm 8 ⎣ -139.1402 139.1402 ⎦ mm
BARRA 9: BARRA 10:
L = 1.5 m
9 L = 1.5 m
10
⎡
k' = ⎡
146.6667 -146.6667 kgf k' = 146.6667 -146.6667 kgf
⎤ ⎤
9 ⎣ -146.6667 146.6667 ⎦ mm 10 ⎣ -146.6667 146.6667 ⎦ mm
BARRA 11: BARRA 12:
L = 1.5 m
11 L = 1.5 m
12
⎡
k' = ⎡
146.6667 -146.6667 kgf k' = 146.6667 -146.6667 kgf
⎤ ⎤
11 ⎣ -146.6667 146.6667 ⎦ mm 13 ⎣ -146.6667 146.6667 ⎦ mm
BARRA 13: BARRA 14:
L = 1.5 m
13 L = 1.5 m
14
⎡
k' = ⎡
146.6667 -146.6667 kgf k' = 146.6667 -146.6667 kgf
⎤ ⎤
13 ⎣ -146.6667 146.6667 ⎦ mm 14 ⎣ -146.6667 146.6667 ⎦ mm
BARRA 15: BARRA 16:
L = 1.5 m
15 L = 1.5 m
16
⎡
k' = ⎡
146.6667 -146.6667 kgf k' = 146.6667 -146.6667 kgf
⎤ ⎤
15 ⎣ -146.6667 146.6667 ⎦ mm 16 ⎣ -146.6667 146.6667 ⎦ mm
BARRA 17: BARRA 18:
- 10
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
L = 0.5 m
17 L =1m
18
⎡
k' = ⎡
440 -440 kgf k' = 220 -220 kgf
⎤ ⎤
17 ⎣ -440 440 ⎦ mm 18 ⎣ -220 220 ⎦ mm
BARRA 19: BARRA 20:
L = 1.5 m
19 L =2m
20
⎡
k' = ⎡
146.6667 -146.6667 kgf k' = 110 -110 kgf
⎤ ⎤
19 ⎣ -146.6667 146.6667 ⎦ mm 20 ⎣ -110 110 ⎦ mm
- 11
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
BARRA 21: BARRA 22:
L = 1.5 m
21 L =1m
22
⎡
k' = ⎡
146.6667 -146.6667 kgf k' = 220 -220 kgf
⎤ ⎤
21 ⎣ -146.6667 146.6667 ⎦ mm 22 ⎣ -220 220 ⎦ mm
BARRA 23: BARRA 24:
L = 0.5 m
23 L = 1.5811 m
24
⎡
k' = ⎡
440 -440 kgf k' = 139.1402 -139.1402 kgf
⎤ ⎤
23 ⎣ -440 440 ⎦ mm 24 ⎣ -139.1402 139.1402 ⎦ mm
BARRA 25: BARRA 26:
L = 1.8028 m
25 L = 2.1213 m
26
⎡
k' = ⎡
122.034 -122.034 kgf k' = 103.709 -103.709 kgf
⎤ ⎤
25 ⎣ -122.034 122.034 ⎦ mm 26 ⎣ -103.709 103.709 ⎦ mm
BARRA 27: BARRA 28:
L = 2.1213 m
27 L = 1.8028 m
28
⎡
k' = ⎡
103.709 -103.709 kgf k' = 122.034 -122.034 kgf
⎤ ⎤
27 ⎣ -103.709 103.709 ⎦ mm 28 ⎣ -122.034 122.034 ⎦ mm
BARRA 29:
L = 1.5811 m
29
⎡
k' =
139.1402 -139.1402 kgf
⎤
29 ⎣ -139.1402 139.1402 ⎦ mm
2.4. MATRIZ DE RIGIDEZ DE CADA ELEMENTO GLOBAL.
- 12
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
BARRA 1:
⎡ 0.9487 0.3162 0 0 ⎢⎡ 2
1⎥⎤
T = ⎤ GL =
⎢ ⎥
1 ⎣0 0 0.9487 0.3162 1
⎢3⎥
⎦ ⎣4⎦
⎡ 125.2262 41.7421 -125.2262 -41.7421 ⎤

⎢ 41.7421 ⎥
K =⎢ 13.914 -41.7421 -13.914 ⎥ kgf
⎢ -125.2262 -41.7421 125.2262 41.7421 ⎥ mm
1
⎣ -41.7421 -13.914 41.7421 13.914 ⎦
- 13
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
BARRA 2:
⎡ 0.9487 0.3162 0 0 ⎢⎡ 4
3 ⎤⎥
T = ⎤ GL =
⎢ ⎥
2 ⎣0 0 0.9487 0.3162 2
⎢5⎥
⎦ ⎣6⎦
⎡ 125.2262 41.7421 -125.2262 -41.7421 ⎤

⎢ ⎥
K = ⎢ 41.7421 13.914 -41.7421 -13.914 ⎥ kgf
⎢ -125.2262 -41.7421 125.2262 41.7421 ⎥ mm
2
⎣ -41.7421 -13.914 41.7421 13.914 ⎦
BARRA 3:
⎡ 0.9487 0.3162 0 0 ⎢⎡ 6
5 ⎤⎥
T = ⎤ GL =
⎢ ⎥
3 ⎣0 0 0.9487 0.3162 3
⎢7⎥
⎦ ⎣8⎦
⎡ 125.2262 41.7421 -125.2262 -41.7421 ⎤

⎢ 41.7421 ⎥
K=⎢ 13.914 -41.7421 -13.914 ⎥ kgf
⎢ -125.2262 -41.7421 125.2262 41.7421 ⎥ mm
3
⎣ -41.7421 -13.914 41.7421 13.914 ⎦
BARRA 4:
⎡ 7⎤
⎡ 0.9487 0.3162 0 0
T = ⎤ GL = ⎢⎢ 8⎥⎥
4 ⎣0 0 0.9487 0.3162 4
⎢ 9⎥
⎦
⎣ 10 ⎦
⎡ 125.2262 41.7421 -125.2262 -41.7421 ⎤

⎢ ⎥
K = ⎢ 41.7421 13.914 -41.7421 -13.914 ⎥ kgf
⎢ -125.2262 -41.7421 125.2262 41.7421 ⎥ mm
4
⎣ -41.7421 -13.914 41.7421 13.914 ⎦
BARRA 5:
⎡ 9
⎤ ⎥
⎢ 10
⎡ 0.9487 -0.3162 0 0 GL =
T = ⎤
⎢ ⎥
5 ⎣0 0 0.9487 -0.3162 5
⎢ 11 ⎥
⎦ ⎣ 12 ⎦
⎡ 125.2262 -41.7421 -125.2262 41.7421 ⎤

⎢ -41.7421 ⎥
K=⎢ 13.914 41.7421 -13.914 ⎥ kgf
⎢ -125.2262 41.7421 125.2262 -41.7421 ⎥ mm
5
- 14
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎣ 41.7421 -13.914 -41.7421 13.914 ⎦
- 15
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
BARRA 6:
⎡ 0.9487 -0.3162 0 0 ⎢⎡ 12
11 ⎤⎥
T = ⎤ GL =
⎢ ⎥
6 ⎣0 0 0.9487 -0.3162 6
⎢ 13 ⎥
⎦ ⎣ 14 ⎦
⎡ 125.2262 -41.7421 -125.2262 41.7421 ⎤

⎢ ⎥
K = ⎢ -41.7421 13.914 41.7421 -13.914 ⎥ kgf
6
⎢ -125.2262 41.7421 125.2262 -41.7421 ⎥ mm
⎣ 41.7421 -13.914 -41.7421 13.914 ⎦
BARRA 7:
⎡ 0.9487 -0.3162 0 0 ⎢⎡ 14
13 ⎤⎥
T = ⎤ GL =
⎢ ⎥
7 ⎣0 0 0.9487 -0.3162 7
⎢ 15 ⎥
⎦ ⎣ 16 ⎦
⎡ 125.2262 -41.7421 -125.2262 41.7421 ⎤

⎢ ⎥
K = ⎢ -41.7421 13.914 41.7421 -13.914 ⎥ kgf
⎢ -125.2262 41.7421 125.2262 -41.7421 ⎥ mm
7
⎣ 41.7421 -13.914 -41.7421 13.914 ⎦
BARRA 8:
⎡ 0.9487 -0.3162 0 0 ⎢⎡ 16
15 ⎤⎥
T = ⎤ GL =
⎢ ⎥
8 ⎣0 0 0.9487 -0.3162 8
⎢ 17 ⎥
⎦ ⎣ 18 ⎦
⎡ 125.2262 -41.7421 -125.2262 41.7421 ⎤

⎢ ⎥
K = ⎢ -41.7421 13.914 41.7421 -13.914 ⎥ kgf
⎢ -125.2262 41.7421 125.2262 -41.7421 ⎥ mm
8
⎣ 41.7421 -13.914 -41.7421 13.914 ⎦
BARRA 9:
⎡1 0 0 0 ⎢⎡ 2
1 ⎤⎥
T =
⎤ GL =
⎢ ⎥
9 ⎣0 0 1 0⎦ 9
⎢0⎥
⎣0⎦
⎡
⎢ 146.6667 0 -146.6667 0
K=⎢ ⎤ kgf
0 0 0 0
⎥
⎥
⎢ -146.6667 0 146.6667 0 ⎥ mm
9
- 10 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎣ 0 0 0 0⎦
- 10 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
BARRA 10:
⎡ 0⎤
⎡1 0 0 0 ⎢ ⎥
⎤
T = GL = ⎢ 0 ⎥
10 ⎣0 0 1 0⎦
⎢ 19 ⎥
10
⎣ 20 ⎦
⎡
⎢ 146.6667 0 -146.6667 0
K =⎢ ⎤ kgf
0 0 0 0
⎥
⎥
⎢ -146.6667 0 146.6667 0 ⎥ mm
10
⎣ 0 0 0 0⎦
BARRA 11:
⎢⎡ 20
19 ⎤⎥
⎡1 0 0 0 GL =
T =
⎤
⎢ ⎥
11 ⎣0 0 1 0⎦
⎢ 21 ⎥
11
⎣ 22 ⎦
⎡
⎢ 146.6667 0 -146.6667 0
K =⎢ ⎤ kgf
0 0 0 0
⎥
⎥
⎢ -146.6667 0 146.6667 0 ⎥ mm
11
⎣ 0 0 0 0⎦
BARRA 12:
⎢⎡ 22
21 ⎤⎥
⎡1 0 0 0 GL =
T
⎤ =
⎢ ⎥
12 ⎣0 0 1 0⎦ 12 23
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 24 ⎦
⎡
⎢ 146.6667 0 -146.6667 0
K =⎢ ⎤ kgf
0 0 0 0
⎥
⎥
⎢ -146.6667 0 146.6667 0 ⎥ mm
12
⎣ 0 0 0 0⎦
BARRA 13:
⎢⎡ 24
23 ⎤⎥
⎡1 0 0 0 GL =
T =
⎤
⎢ ⎥
13 ⎣0 0 1 0⎦
⎢ 25 ⎥
13
- 11 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎣ 26 ⎦
⎡
⎢ 146.6667 0 -146.6667 0
K =⎢ ⎤ kgf
0 0 0 0
⎥
⎥
⎢ -146.6667 0 146.6667 0 ⎥ mm
13
⎣ 0 0 0 0⎦
- 12 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
BARRA 14:
⎢⎡ 26
25 ⎤⎥
⎡1 0 0 0 GL =
T =
⎤
⎢ ⎥
14 ⎣0 0 1 0⎦ 14 27
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 28 ⎦
⎡
⎢ 146.6667 0 -146.6667 0
K =⎢ ⎤ kgf
0 0 0 0
⎥
⎥
⎢ -146.6667 0 146.6667 0 ⎥ mm
14
⎣ 0 0 0 0⎦
BARRA 15:
⎢⎡ 28
27 ⎤⎥
⎡1 0 0 0 GL =
T =
⎤
15 ⎣0 0 1 0⎦ ⎢ ⎥
15 0
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 0⎦
⎡
⎢ 146.6667 0 -146.6667 0
K =⎢ ⎤ kgf
0 0 0 0
⎥
⎥
⎢ -146.6667 0 146.6667 0 ⎥ mm
15
⎣ 0 0 0 0⎦
BARRA 16:
⎡ 0⎤
⎡1 0 0 0 ⎢ ⎥
⎤
T = GL = ⎢ 0 ⎥
16 ⎣0 0 1 0⎦ 16 17
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 18 ⎦
⎡
⎢ 146.6667 0 -146.6667 0
K =⎢ ⎤ kgf
0 0 0 0
⎥
⎥
⎢ -146.6667 0 146.6667 0 ⎥ mm
16
⎣ 0 0 0 0⎦
BARRA 17:
⎢⎡ 0
0 ⎤⎥
⎡0 1 0 0 GL =
T
⎤ =
⎢ ⎥
- 13 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
17 ⎣0 0 0 1⎦
⎢3⎥
17
⎣4⎦
⎡0 0 0 0
⎤ kgf
⎢0 440 0 -440
⎥
K =
⎢ ⎥
⎢0 0 0 0 ⎥ mm
17
⎣ 0 -440 0 440 ⎦
- 14 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
BARRA 18:
⎢⎡ 20
19 ⎤⎥
⎡0 1 0 0 GL =
T
⎤ =
5
18 ⎣0 0 0 1⎦ ⎢ ⎥
18 ⎢ ⎥
⎣ 6⎦
⎡0 0 0 0
⎤
⎢ 0 220 kgf
0 -220
⎥ mm
K =⎢
⎥ 18 0 0 0 0
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 0 -220 0 220
⎦
⎡ 21 ⎤
BARRA 19: ⎢ 22 ⎥
⎡0 1 0 0 GL =
T
⎤ =
19 ⎣0 0 0 1 ⎢ ⎥
19 7
⎦ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ 8⎦
⎡0 0 0 0 ⎤
⎢ 0 146.6667 0 -146.6667 ⎥ kgf
K =⎢ ⎥
0 0 0
⎥ mm
19
⎢
0
⎣ 0 -146.6667 0 146.6667 ⎦
BARRA 20:
⎢⎡ 24
23 ⎤⎥
⎡0 1 0 0 GL =
T
⎤ =
20 ⎣0 0 0 1 ⎢ ⎥
20 9
⎦ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ 10 ⎦
⎡0 0 0 0
⎤ kgf
⎢ 0 110 0 -110
⎥ mm
K =⎢
⎥ 20 0 0 0 0
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 0 -110 0 110 BARRA 21:
⎦
- 15 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎡ 25 ⎤
⎡0 1 0 0 ⎢ 26 ⎥
T =
⎤ GL = ⎢ ⎥
⎦ ⎣0 0 0 1
21
21 11
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 12 ⎦
⎡0 0 0 0 ⎤
⎢0 146.6667 0 -146.6667 kgf
K =
⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 0 0
⎥ mm
21
⎢
0
⎣ 0 -146.6667 0 146.6667 ⎦
- 16 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
BARRA 22:
⎢⎡ 28
27 ⎤⎥
⎡0 1 0 0 GL =
T =
⎤
⎢ ⎥
22 ⎣0 0 0 1⎦ 22 13
⎢ ⎥
⎣ 14 ⎦
⎡0 0 0 0
⎤ kgf
⎢0 220 0 -220
⎥
K =
⎢ ⎥
⎢0 0 0 0 ⎥ mm
22
⎣ 0 -220 0 220 ⎦
BARRA 23:
⎡ 0⎤
⎡0 1 0 0
⎤
T = GL = ⎢ 0 ⎥⎥
⎢
23 ⎣0 0 0 1⎦
⎢ 15 ⎥
23
⎣ 16 ⎦
⎡0 0 0 0
⎤ kgf
⎢0 440 0 -440
⎥
K =
⎢ ⎥
⎢0 0 0 0 ⎥ mm
23
⎣ 0 -440 0 440 ⎦
BARRA 24:
⎡ 3
⎤
⎡ 0.9487 -0.3162 0 0
T = ⎤ GL = ⎢⎢ 4 ⎥⎥
24 ⎣0 0 0.9487 -0.3162
⎢ 19 ⎥
24
⎦ ⎣ 20 ⎦
⎡ 125.2262 -41.7421 -125.2262 41.7421 ⎤

⎢ -41.7421 ⎥
K =⎢ 13.914 41.7421 -13.914 ⎥ kgf
⎢ -125.2262 41.7421 125.2262 -41.7421 ⎥ mm
24
⎣ 41.7421 -13.914 -41.7421 13.914 ⎦
BARRA 25:
⎡ 5
⎤
⎡ 0.8321 -0.5547 0 0 ⎢ ⎥
T = ⎤ GL = ⎢ 6 ⎥
25 ⎣0 0 0.8321 -0.5547
⎢ 21 ⎥
25
⎦ ⎣ 22 ⎦
- 17 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎡ 84.4851 -56.3234 -84.4851 56.3234 ⎤

⎢ -56.3234 37.5489 56.3234 -37.5489 ⎥ kgf
K =⎢ ⎥
⎢ -84.4851 56.3234 84.4851 -56.3234 ⎥ mm
25
⎣ 56.3234 -37.5489 -56.3234 37.5489 ⎦
- 18 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
BARRA 26:
⎡ 7
⎤
⎡ 0.7071 -0.7071 0 0 ⎢ ⎥
T = ⎤ GL = ⎢ 8 ⎥
26 ⎣0 0 0.7071 -0.7071 26 23
⎢ ⎥
⎦ ⎣ 24 ⎦
⎡ 51.8545 -51.8545 -51.8545 51.8545 ⎤

⎢ -51.8545 51.8545 51.8545 -51.8545 ⎥ kgf
K =⎢ ⎥
⎢ -51.8545 51.8545 51.8545 -51.8545 ⎥ mm
26
⎣ 51.8545 -51.8545 -51.8545 51.8545 ⎦
BARRA 27:
⎡ 23
⎤ ⎥
⎢ 24
⎡ 0.7071 0.7071 0 0 GL =
T = ⎤
⎢ ⎥
27 ⎣0 0 0.7071 0.7071
⎢ 11 ⎥
27
⎦ ⎣ 12 ⎦
⎡
⎢ 51.8545 51.8545 -51.8545 -51.8545
K =⎢ ⎤ kgf
51.8545 51.8545 -51.8545 -51.8545
⎥
⎥
⎢ -51.8545 -51.8545 51.8545 51.8545 ⎥ mm
27
⎣ -51.8545 -51.8545 51.8545 51.8545 ⎦
BARRA 28:
⎡ 25
⎤ ⎥
⎢ 26
⎡ 0.8321 0.5547 0 0 GL =
T = ⎤
⎢ ⎥
28 ⎣0 0 0.8321 0.5547 28 13
⎢ ⎥
⎦ ⎣ 14 ⎦
⎡
⎢ 84.4851 56.3234 -84.4851 -56.3234
K =⎢ ⎤ kgf
56.3234 37.5489 -56.3234 -37.5489
⎥
⎥
⎢ -84.4851 -56.3234 84.4851 56.3234 ⎥ mm
28
⎣ -56.3234 -37.5489 56.3234 37.5489 ⎦
BARRA 29:
⎡ 27
⎤ ⎥
⎢ 28
⎡ 0.9487 0.3162 0 0 GL =
T = ⎤
⎢ ⎥
- 19 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
29 ⎣0 0 0.9487 0.3162
⎢ 15 ⎥
29
⎦ ⎣ 16 ⎦
⎡ 125.2262 41.7421 -125.2262 -41.7421 ⎤

⎢ 41.7421 ⎥
K =⎢ 13.914 -41.7421 -13.914 ⎥ kgf
⎢ -125.2262 -41.7421 125.2262 41.7421 ⎥ mm
29
⎣ -41.7421 -13.914 41.7421 13.914 ⎦
- 110
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
2.5. MATRIZ DE RIGIDEZ DE LA ESTRUCTURA.
La armadura tiene 28 grados de GDL = 28

libertad.
⋮
0
5
0 ⎡ 271.8929 41.7421 -125.2262 -41.7421 0 0 ⎤
⎢ ⎥
1⎢ 41.7421 13.914 -41.7421 -13.914 0 0
⎥
2⎢ -125.2262 -41.7421 375.6786 41.7421 -125.2262 -41.7421 ⎥
3 ⎢ -41.7421 -13.914 41.7421 481.7421 -41.7421 -13.914 ⎥
4⎢ 0 0 -125.2262 -41.7421 334.9375 27.1607 ⎥
⎥
5⎢⎢ 0 0 -41.7421 -13.914 27.1607 285.377
⎥
6⎢ 0 0 0 0 -125.2262 -41.7421 ⎥
7⎢ 0 0 0 0 -41.7421 -13.914 ⎥
8⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
KE' = 9 ⎢⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥ kgf
⎥ mm
⎢10 0 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
11 ⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
12 ⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
13 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 0
⎥
0 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
14 ⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢
0 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
15 ⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⋱⎥
16 ⎢
⎢
17 ⎢
⋮ ⎣ ⎦
GLE' = 1 2 3 4 5
1
⎡ 271.8929 41.7421 -125.2262 -41.7421 0

⎢ ⎤
⎢
⎢ - 41.7421
⎥ 13.914 -41.7421 -13.914 0
7421 -13.914 41.7421 481.7421 -41.7421 ⎥ ⎢ 4⎥
0 -125.2262 -41.7421 334.9375 ⎥ ⎢ 5⎥
⎥ ⎢
0 -41.7421 -13.914 27.1607
⎥ 6⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 -125.2262 ⎥ ⎢ 7⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 -41.7421 ⎥
⎥ ⎢ 8⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 kgf ⎢ 9⎥
0
KE = ⎥ ⎢ 10 ⎥
0 0 0 0 ⎥ mm GLE = ⎢ ⎥
⎢
0 11
⎢ 0 0
0 0 0
1
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥ ⎢ 12 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥ ⎢ 13 ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
0 0 0 0 0 ⎢ 14 ⎥
⎢ ⎥ 15
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥ ⎢ 16 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥ ⎢ 17 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 0 0 0 0 ⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ 18 ⎥
⎣ ⋮ ⎦ ⎣ ⋮⎦
- 111
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
GLE' =
2 6 7 8 9 10
- 112
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎡ 0 0 0 0 ⎤
⎢ 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
-41.7421 0 0 0
⎢ ⎥
⎢ -13.914 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 27.1607 -125.2262 -41.7421 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
285.377 -41.7421 -13.914 0
⎢ ⎥
⎢ -41.7421 302.3069 31.6296 -125.2262 ⎥
⎢ -13.914 31.6296 226.3492 -41.7421 ⎥
KE = ⎢ 0 -125.2262 -41.7421 250.4524 ⎥ kgf
⎢ ⎥
2 0 -41.7421 -13.914 0 mm
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 -125.2262 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 41.7421 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 0 0 0
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎥
⎢ ⋱ ⎦
⎣
GLE' = 11 12 13 14 15
3
⎡ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎤
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 0 0 0 0
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ -125.2262 41.7421 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
41.7421 -13.914 0 0
0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
KE = ⎢ 302.3069 -31.6296 -125.2262 41.7421 ⎥ kgf
0
⎢ -31.6296 226.3492 41.7421 -13.914
0
3 ⎢ -125.2262 41.7421 334.9375 -27.1607 -125.2262 ⎥ mm
⎢ ⎥
41.7421 -13.914 -27.1607 285.377 41.7421
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 0 -125.2262 41.7421 375.6786 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 41.7421 -13.914 -41.7421 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 -125.2262 ⎥⎥
⎢
0 0 0 0 41.7421
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 0 0 0 0
⎢ ⎥
⎢ -51.8545 -51.8545 0 0 0 ⎥
⎣ ⋮ ⎦
GLE' =
4 16 17 18 19 20
⎡ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎤
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 0 0 -125.2262 41.7421
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 41.7421 -13.914 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 0 0 0 -220
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥
KE = ⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥ kgf
⎢
4 0 0 0 0 0
- 113
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 0 mm
⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 ⎥
0 ⎥
⎢ 41.7421 0 0 0 ⎥
0
⎢
-13.914 0 0 0 0
⎥
GLE' = 21 22 23 24 25
⎢ 5
⎢ -41.7421 -125.2262 41.7421
⎥
0 0 ⎥
⎢ 481.7421 41.7421 -13.914 0 0

⎥
⎢ 41.7421 271.8929 -41.7421 0 0
⎥
⎢
⎥
- 114
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎣ ⋮ ⎦
⎡
⎢ 0 0 0 0 ⎤
⎢ 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢
0
⎢ -84.4851 0 0 0 ⎥
56.3234 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 56.3234 -37.5489 0 0
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 0 -51.8545 51.8545 ⎥
⎢ 0 -146.6667 51.8545 -51.8545 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 -110
⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥
KE = 0 0 -51.8545 -51.8545 kgf
⎥
5 ⎢ 0 0 -51.8545 -51.8545 ⎥ mm
⎢
⎢ 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 0 0 0
⎢ ⎥
0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢
⎢ 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ -1 46.6667 0 0 0
⎢ ⎥
0 0 0 0 ⎥
⎢ 377.8184 -56.3234 -146.6667 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⋱ ⎦
GLE' = 26 27 28
6
⎡ 0 0 0 ⎤ ⎡ 1⎤
⎢ 0 0 0 ⎥ ⎢ 2 ⎥⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢
⎢ 0 0 0 ⎥ ⎢ 3⎥
⎢ 0 0 ⎥ ⎢ 4⎥
⎢ 0 ⎥ ⎢ 5⎥
⎢0 ⎥ ⎢
⎢
0
⎢ 6⎥⎥
0 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 ⎥ ⎢ 7⎥
KE = 0 0 0 ⎥ kgf GLE = ⎢ 8⎥
⎢
0 0
0
6 ⎢ 0 0 ⎥ mm ⎢ 9
0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ 10 ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 0 0 ⎥ ⎢ 11⎥
⎢ -146.6667 0 0 ⎥ ⎢ 12 ⎥
⎢ -56.3234 0 0 ⎥ ⎢ 13 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ -37.5489 0 -220 ⎥ ⎢
14
⎥
0 -125.2262 -41.7421 ⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ 15⎥
⎣ ⋮ ⎦ ⎣ ⋮⎦
2.6. MATRIZ DE FUERZAS Y DESPLAZAMIENTOS.

⎡ 0 ⎤
⎡ 1⎤ ⎡ 4.4204 ⎤
⎢ -216.1093 ⎥ ⎢ 2⎥ ⎢ -37.5789 ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥ 3 ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 ⎥ ⎢ ⎢ -1.687 ⎥
-342.2186 ⎥ 4
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ -3.7247 ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ 5⎥ ⎢
⎢ ⎥
0
⎢
-342.2186
⎥
⎢⎢ 6 ⎥⎥ ⎢ 11.9811 ⎥
-75.7927
⎢ ⎥ 7 ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 ⎥ ⎢ 9.9946 ⎥
⎢
-342.2186 ⎥ 8
- 115
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎢ -106.0741 ⎥
⎥
⎢ 0 ⎥ ⎢ 9⎥ ⎢ 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
-342.2186 GLE = ⎢ 10 u ≔ KE' -1 ⋅ F
= -107.1537 mm
F= ⎥
kgf
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 ⎥ ⎢ 11 ⎢ ⎥
-9.9946 ⎥
⎢
-342.2186 ⎥ 12
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎢ -106.0741 ⎥
⎥
⎢⎢ 0 ⎥⎥ ⎢⎢13 ⎥⎥ ⎢ -11.9811 ⎥
-342.2186 14 ⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ -75.7927
0 ⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢15 1.687 ⎥
⎥ ⎢
⎢ -3.7247 ⎥
⎢ -342.2186 ⎥ ⎢ 16
⎥
⎢⎢ 0 ⎥⎥ ⎢⎢17 ⎥⎥ ⎢ -4.4204 ⎥
-216.1093 18 ⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ -37.5789
0 ⎢ ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢19 ⎥ ⎣ ⋮ ⎦
⎣ ⋮ ⎦ ⎣ ⋮⎦
- 116
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
2.7. FUERZAS EN CADA ELEMENTO.
⎡ 4.4204 ⎤ ⎢⎡ 2
1⎥⎤
⎢ -37.5789 ⎥ GL =
u' = F' = 683.3976 kgf
mm ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ -1.687 ⎥ ⎢3⎥
1 1 1
⎣ -3.7247 ⎦ ⎣4⎦
⎡ -1.687 ⎤ ⎢⎡ 4
3 ⎤⎥
⎥
u' =⎢ -3.7247 F' = -1366.7951 kgf GL =
⎢ mm ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 11.9811 ⎥
2
⎢5⎥
2 2
⎣ -75.7927 ⎦ ⎣6⎦
⎡
11.9811 ⎤ ⎢⎡ 6
5 ⎤⎥
u' = ⎢ -75.7927 ⎥ GL =
F' = -1594.5943 kgf
⎢ mm ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
3
⎢ 9.9946 ⎥ 3 3
⎢7⎥
⎣ -106.0741 ⎦ ⎣8⎦
⎡ 9.9946 ⎤ ⎡ 7⎤
⎢ -106.0741 ⎥
u' = F' = -1366.7951 kgf GL = ⎢ 8 ⎥
mm ⎢ ⎥
⎢⎢ ⎥⎥ 4
⎢ 9⎥
4 0 4
⎣ -107.1537 ⎦ ⎣ 10 ⎦
⎡ 0 ⎤ ⎢⎡ 10
9 ⎤⎥
⎢ -107.1537 ⎥ GL =
u' = F' = -1366.7951 kgf
mm ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ -9.9946 ⎥ ⎢ 11 ⎥
5 5 5
⎣ -106.0741 ⎦ ⎣ 12 ⎦
⎡ -9.9946 ⎤ ⎢⎡ 12
11 ⎤⎥
⎢ -106.0741 ⎥ GL =
u' = F' = -1594.5943 kgf
mm ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ -11.9811 ⎥ ⎢ 13 ⎥
6 6 6
⎣ -75.7927 ⎣ 14 ⎦
⎦
⎡ -11.9811 ⎤
⎢ -75.7927 ⎥ ⎢⎡ 14
13 ⎤⎥
u' = F' = -1366.7951 kgf GL =
⎢ mm ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 1.687 ⎥ 15
7 7 7
⎢ ⎥
⎣ -3.7247 ⎦ ⎣ 16 ⎦
⎡ 1.687 ⎤ ⎡ 15 ⎤
⎥
u' =⎢ -3.7247 mm F'
kgf=
683.3976
- 117
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎢ 16 ⎥
GL =
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ -4.4204 ⎥
8
⎢ 17 ⎥
8 8
⎣ -37.5789 ⎦ ⎣ 18 ⎦
⎡ 4.4204 ⎤ ⎢⎡ 2
1⎥⎤
⎢ -37.5789 ⎥ GL =
u' = F' = -648.3278 kgf
mm ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
9
⎢ 0 ⎥ 9 9
⎢0⎥
⎣ 0 ⎦ ⎣0⎦
- 118
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ 0
⎥ ⎤
⎥ F' = -1368.6921 ⎢ 0
0 mm kgf ⎥
⎢ GL = ⎢ ⎥
0
u' = ⎢
⎢ -9.332 ⎥ ⎢ 19 ⎥
10 10 10
⎣ -73.2548 ⎦ ⎣ 20 ⎦
⎡ -9.332 ⎤ ⎡⎢ 19 ⎤
⎥ 20
u' =⎢ -73.2548 F' = 576.2914 kgf GL ⎥
=
⎢ mm ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ -5.4027 ⎥ 21
11 11 11
⎢ ⎥
⎣ -105.7054 ⎦ ⎣ 22 ⎦
⎡ -5.4027 ⎤ ⎡⎢ 21 ⎤
⎢ -105.7054 ⎥ 22
F' = 792.4007 kgf GL ⎥
=
u' =
mm ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
0 ⎢ 23 ⎥
12 12 12
⎢ ⎥
⎣ -111.9011 ⎦ ⎣ 24 ⎦
⎡ 0 ⎤ ⎡⎢ 23 ⎤
⎢ -111.9011 ⎥ 24
F' = 792.4007 kgf GL ⎥
=
u' =
mm ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
13
⎢ 5.4027 ⎥
13 13
⎢ 25 ⎥
⎣ -105.7054 ⎦ ⎣ 26 ⎦
⎡ 5.4027 ⎤ ⎡⎢ 25 ⎤
⎢ -105.7054 ⎥ 26
F' = 576.2914 kgf GL ⎥
=
u' =
mm ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
14
⎢ 9.332 ⎥
14 14
⎢ 27 ⎥
⎣ -73.2548 ⎦ ⎣ 28 ⎦
⎡ 9.332 ⎤ ⎢⎡ 28
27 ⎤⎥
⎢ -73.2548 ⎥ GL =
u' = F' = -1368.6921
kgf
mm ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
15
⎢ 0 ⎥
15 15
⎢ 0⎥
⎣ 0 ⎦ ⎣ 0⎦
⎡
⎤ ⎡ 0⎤
⎥ GL = ⎢⎢ 0 ⎥⎥
0 ⎥ F' = -648.3278
⎢ mm kgf
0
u' = ⎢
⎢ -4.4204 ⎥ ⎢ 17 ⎥
16 16 16
⎣ -37.5789 ⎦ ⎣ 18 ⎦
⎡ 0 ⎤
⎡⎢ 00⎤⎥
u' = ⎢ 0 ⎥ mm
GL =
F'
kgf = -1638.8743
- 20 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
17
⎢ -1.687 ⎥ 17 17 ⎢3⎥
⎣ -3.7247 ⎦ ⎣4⎦
⎡ -9.332 ⎤ ⎢⎡20
19 ⎥⎤
⎢ -73.2548 ⎥ GL =
u' = F'
kgf = -558.3278
mm ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
18 11.9811 ⎥ 18 18 5
⎢ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ -75.7927 ⎦ ⎣ 6⎦
- 20 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎡ -5.4027 ⎤ ⎡⎢ 21 ⎤
⎢ -105.7054 ⎥ 22
F' = -54.0729
kgf ⎥
GL =
u' =
mm ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
19 9.9946 ⎥ 19 19 7
⎢ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ -106.0741 ⎦ ⎣ 8⎦
⎡ 0 ⎤ ⎡⎢ 23 ⎤
⎢ -111.9011 ⎥ 24
F' = 522.2186 kgf GL ⎥
=
u' =
mm ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
20 0 20 20 9
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎣ -107.1537 ⎦ ⎣ 10 ⎦
⎡ 5.4027 ⎤ ⎡⎢ 25 ⎤
⎢ -105.7054 ⎥ 26
F'
kgf = -54.0729 ⎥
GL =
u' =
mm ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ -9.9946 ⎥ ⎢ 11 ⎥
21 21 21
⎣ -106.0741 ⎦ ⎣ 12 ⎦
⎡ 9.332 ⎤ ⎢⎡28
27 ⎥⎤
⎢ -73.2548 ⎥ GL =
u' = F' = -558.3278
kgf
mm ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ -11.9811 ⎥ ⎢ 13 ⎥
22 22 22
⎣ -75.7927 ⎦ ⎣ 14 ⎦
⎡
⎤ ⎡ 0
0 ⎥ ⎤
⎢ ⎥ mm F' = -1638.8743
0 kgf ⎢ 0
u' = ⎢ ⎥
GL = ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 1.687 ⎥ ⎢ 15 ⎥
23 23 23
⎣ -3.7247 ⎦ ⎣ 16 ⎦
⎡ -1.687 ⎤ ⎡ 3⎤
⎢ -3.7247 ⎥ ⎢ 4
u' = ⎢ mm F' = 2050.1927 kgf ⎥
⎥ GL = ⎢ ⎥
24
⎢ -9.332 ⎥
24 24
⎢ 19 ⎥
⎣ -73.2548 ⎦ ⎣ 20 ⎦
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ 5⎤
⎢ 11.9811 ⎥
u' = ⎢ -75.7927 GL = ⎢⎢ 6 ⎥⎥
mm ⎥ F' = 259.731 kgf
⎢ -5.4027 ⎥ ⎢ 21 ⎥
25 25 25
⎣ -105.7054 ⎦ ⎣ 22 ⎦
⎡ 9.9946 ⎤ ⎡ 7⎤
⎢ -106.0741 ⎥
u' = F' = -305.6247
kgf GL = ⎢ 8 ⎥
mm ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
0 ⎢ 23 ⎥
26 26 26
⎢ ⎥
⎣ -111.9011 ⎦ ⎣ 24 ⎦
- 21 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎡ 0 ⎤ ⎢⎡24
23 ⎥⎤
⎢ -111.9011 ⎥ GL =
u' = F' = -305.6247
kgf
mm ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
27
⎢ -9.9946 ⎥
27 27
⎢ 11 ⎥
⎣ -106.0741 ⎦ ⎣ 12 ⎦
- 22 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎡ 5.4027 ⎤ ⎢⎡26
25 ⎥⎤
⎢ -105.7054 ⎥ GL =
u' = F' = 259.731 kgf
mm ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ -11.9811 ⎥ 13
28 28 28
⎢ ⎥
⎣ -75.7927 ⎦ ⎣ 14 ⎦
⎡ 9.332 ⎤ ⎢⎡28
27 ⎥⎤
⎢ -73.2548 ⎥ GL =
u' = F' = 2050.1927 kgf
mm ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
29
⎢ 1.687 ⎥
29 29
⎢ 15 ⎥
⎣ -3.7247 ⎦ ⎣ 16 ⎦
- 23 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
BRIDA SUPERIOR
BSC = -1594.5943 kgf
BST = 683.3976 kgf
BRIDA INFERIOR
BIC = -1.37 ⋅ 10 3 kgf
BIT = 792.4 kgf
MONTANTES Y DIAGONALES
MDC = -1.64 ⋅ 10 3 kgf
MDT = ⎝⎛2.05 ⋅ 103 ⎞⎠ kgf
DISEÑO A FLEXO-COMPRESION DE
LA BRIDA SUPERIOR
QBS ≔ |BSC| = 1594.5943 kgf
Grupo ≔ “C”
kgf
Emin = 55000
cm 2
kgf
Eprom = 90000
cm 2
fm = 100 fcpa = 80 kgf fv = kgf
kgf cm 2 8 cm 2
cm 2 fcpe = 15 kgf - 24 -
kgf cm 2
ft = 75
cm 2
TIJERAL DE MADERA
PREDIMENSIONAMIENTO
MEDIDAS REALES
b ≔ 4 cm
h ≔ 14
cm
A ≔ b ⋅ h = 56 cm 2
IX ≔
b⋅
= 914.6667 cm 4
h3
12
IY ≔
h⋅
= 74.6667 cm 4
b3
12
2 ⋅ IX
Z ≔ = 130.6667 cm 3
X
h
2 Emin
Ck ≔ 0.7025 ⋅ = 18.42
fcpa
HALLAMOS LONGITUD EFECTIVA
L1 ≔ 1.23 m L2 ≔ 1.23 L3 ≔ 1.23 m

m
⎛ L1 + L2 L3 + L2 ⎞
LM
m ≔ max (L1 , L2 , L3) = 1.23 LMP ≔ max , = 1.23 m
⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2 2 ⎠
⎛ L1 + L2 ⎞ ⎛ L2 + L3 ⎞
0.4 ≤ 0.8 ⋅ L1 0.4 ≤ 0.8 ⋅ L3
⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠
- 25 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎛ L1 + L2 ⎞ ⎛ L2 + L3 ⎞ |
Le ≔ if 0.4 ≤ 0.8 ⋅ L1∨0.4 ≤ 0.8 ⋅ L3
⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ |
‖ ⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠ |
‖ 0.9 ⋅ LM |
|
else |
‖ LMP
‖ |
Le = 1.11 m
ESBELTEZ
Le Le
λX ≔ = 7.9071 λY ≔ = 27.68
h b
λm ≔ min ⎝⎛λX , λY⎠⎞ = 7.9071
clasificacion ≔ if λm ≤ 10 |
‖ “columna corta” |
‖ |
else if λm > 10∧λm ≤ Ck ||
‖ “columna intermedia”
‖ ||
else if ‖ λm > Ck∧λm ≤ 50 |
‖ ||
‖ “columna larga” |
‖ |
clasificacion =“columna corta”
Nadm ≔ if clasificacion＝“columna corta” |

‖f ⋅A |
‖ cpa |
else if clasificacion＝“columna intermedia”|
‖ ⎛ ⎛ ||
‖ f ⋅ A ⋅ ⎜1 - 1 • λ m ⎞4 ⎞
cpa ⎜ ⎟ ⎟
|
‖ ⎝ 3 ⎝ Ck ⎠ ⎠ |
else if clasificacion＝“columna larga” |
‖ ‖
‖ 0.329 ⋅ ‖
- 26 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
|
Emin ⋅ A
|
λm 2 | |
- 27 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
Nadm = 4480 kgf
CARGA CRITICA DE EULER

Emin ⋅ IX ⋅ π 2
Ncr ≔ = 40516.32 kgf
Le2
FACTOR DE AMPLIFICACION DE MOMENTO

1
Km ≔ = 1.06
1.5 ⋅
1 -QBS
Ncr
MOMENTO FLECTOR
Carga1 1
WP ≔ = ⋅ kgf l ≔ 1.14 m
228.15 m
LT
WP ⋅ l2
M≔ = 26.95 kgf ⋅ m
11
VERIFICAR ⎛ QBS
Verificacion ≔ if ⎜ Km ⋅ M ⎟⎞ ||
N + Z ⋅f < 1
⎝ adm X m⎠ |
‖ “CUMPLE” |
‖ |
else |
‖ “VERIFICAR” |
‖ |
QBS
Km ⋅ M
Nadm + = 0.58
ZX ⋅ fm
Verificacion =“CUMPLE”
- 28 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
DISEÑO A FLEXO-TRACCION DE LA BRIDA SUPERIOR
QBS ≔ |BST| = 683.3976 kgf
Grupo ≔ “C”
kgf
Emin = 55000
cm 2
kgf
Eprom = 90000
cm 2
kgf
fm = 100
cm 2
kgf
ft = 75
cm 2
kgf
fcpa = 80
cm 2
kgf
fcpe = 15
cm 2
kgf
fv = 8 cm 2
- 29 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
PREDIMENSIONAMIENTO
MEDIDAS REALES
b ≔ 4 cm
h ≔ 14
cm
A ≔ b ⋅ h = 56 cm 2
IX ≔
b ⋅ h3
= 914.6667 cm 4
12
IY ≔
h ⋅ b3
= 74.6667 cm 4
12
2 ⋅ IX
ZX ≔ = 130.6667 cm 3
h
2 Emin
Ck ≔ 0.7025 ⋅ = 18.42
fcpa
Nadm ≔ ft ⋅ A = 4200 kgf
MOMENTO FLECTOR
Carga1 1
WP ≔ = ⋅ kgf l ≔ 1.50 m
228.15 m
LT
WP ⋅ l2
M≔ = 46.67 kgf ⋅ m
11
- 210
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
VERIFICAR ⎛ QBS ⎞ |
M
Verificacion ≔ if + <1
⎜ ⎟ |
N Z ⋅f
⎝ adm X m⎠ |
‖ “CUMPLE” |
‖ |
else |
‖ |
QBS
Nadm + M
= 0.52
ZX ⋅
fm
DISEÑO A FLEXO-COMPRESION DE LA BRIDA INFERIOR
QBI ≔ |BIC| = 1368.6921 kgf
Grupo ≔ “C”
kgf
Emin = 55000
cm 2
kgf
Eprom = 90000
cm 2
kgf
fm = 100
cm 2
kgf
ft = 75
cm 2
kgf
fcpa = 80
- 211
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
cm 2
kgf
fcpe = 15
cm 2
kgf
fv = 8 cm 2
- 212
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
PREDIMENSIONAMIENTO
MEDIDAS REALES
b ≔ 4 cm
h ≔ 14
cm
A ≔ b ⋅ h = 56 cm 2
IX ≔
b⋅
= 914.6667 cm 4
h3
12
IY ≔
h⋅
= 74.6667 cm 4
b3
12
2 ⋅ IX
ZX ≔ = 130.6667 cm 3
h
2 Emin
Ck ≔ 0.7025 ⋅ = 18.42
fcpa
L1 ≔ 1.75 m L2 ≔ 1.5 L3 ≔ 1.5 m

m
⎛ L1 + L2 L3 + L2 ⎞
LM ≔ max (L1 , L2 , L3) = 1.75 LMP ≔ max , = 1.625 m
m
⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2 2 ⎠
⎛ L1 + L2 ⎞ ⎛ L2 + L3 ⎞
0.4 ≤ 0.8 ⋅ L1 0.4 ≤ 0.8 ⋅ L3
⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠
- 30 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎛ L1 + L2 ⎞ ⎛ L2 + L3 ⎞ |
Le ≔ if 0.4 ≤ 0.8 ⋅ L1∨0.4 ≤ 0.8 ⋅ L3
⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ |
‖ ⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠ |
‖ 0.9 ⋅ LM |
|
else |
‖ LMP
‖ |
Le = 1.58 m
ESBELTEZ
Le Le
λX ≔ = 11.25 λY ≔ = 39.38
h b
λm ≔ min ⎝⎛λX , λY⎠⎞ = 11.25
‖ |
‖ ||
‖ ||
‖ |
clasificacion =“columna intermedia”

‖f ⋅A |
‖ cpa |
‖ ⎛ ⎛ ||
‖ f ⋅ A ⋅ ⎜1 - 1 • λ m ⎞4 ⎞
cpa ⎜ ⎟ ⎟
|
‖ ⎝ 3 ⎝ Ck ⎠ ⎠ |
‖ ‖
‖ 0.329 ⋅ ‖
- 31 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
| |
Emin ⋅ A λm 2 |
|
Nadm = 4272.2 kgf
- 32 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
CARGA CRITICA DE EULER

Emin ⋅ IX ⋅ π 2
Ncr ≔
Le2 = 20015.4 kgf
FACTOR DE AMPLIFICACION DE MOMENTO

1
Km ≔ = 1.11
1.5 ⋅
1 -QBI
Ncr
MOMENTO FLECTOR
Carga2 1
WP ≔ = ⋅ kgf l ≔ 1.5 m
60 m
LT
WP ⋅ l2
M≔ = 16.88 kgf ⋅ m
8
VERIFICAR
⎞ |
Verificacion ≔ if ⎜⎛ QBI + Km ⋅ M ⎟ < 1 |
N Z ⋅f
⎝ adm X m⎠ |
‖ “CUMPLE” |
‖ |
else |
‖ |
QBI
Km ⋅ M
Nadm + = 0.46
ZX ⋅ fm
- 33 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
DISEÑO A FLEXO-TRACCION DE LA BRIDA INFERIOR
QBI ≔ |BIT| = 792.4 kgf
Grupo ≔ “C”
GRUP Emin. Eprom.fm.ft.fcpa.fcpe.fv.

⎛ kgf ⎞ ⎛ kgf ⎞ ⎛ kgf ⎞ ⎛ kgf ⎞ ⎛ kgf ⎞ ⎛ kgf ⎞ ⎛ kgf ⎞
⎜⎟ ⎜⎟ ⎜⎟ ⎜⎟ ⎜⎟ ⎜⎟ ⎜⎟
⎝ cm 2 ⎠ 95000
⎝ cm 2 ⎠⎝130000
cm 2 ⎠ 210
⎝ cm 2 ⎠ 145
⎝ cm 2 ⎠ 145
⎝ cm 2 ⎠ 40
⎝ cm 2 ⎠ 15
75000 100000 150 105 110 28 12
“A” 55000 90000 100 75 80 15 8
“B”
“C”
|
G. ≔ if Grupo ＝“ A”
|
‖0 ‖|E ≔ G.
minmin. E f≔ f G.
cpacpa.
else if Grupo ＝“ B”|
‖1 |
‖ | Eprom ≔ Eprom. fcpe ≔ fcpe.
else if Grupo ＝“ C”| G. G.
|
‖
‖ 2 else |
‖ | fm ≔ fm. fv ≔ fv.
G. G.
||
‖ “Verificar”
| ft ≔ ft.
G.
kgf
Emin = 55000
cm 2
kgf
Eprom = 90000
cm 2
kgf
fm = 100
cm 2
kgf
ft = 75
cm 2
kgf
fcpa = 80
cm 2
kgf
fcpe = 15
cm 2
- 34 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
kgf
fv = 8 cm 2
- 35 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
PREDIMENSIONAMIENTO
MEDIDAS REALES
b ≔ 4 cm
h ≔ 9 cm
A ≔ b ⋅ h = 36 cm 2
4
b ⋅ h3
IX = 243 cm
≔ 12
h⋅
= 48 cm 4
b3
IY ≔
12
2 ⋅ IX
ZX ≔ = 54 cm 3
h
2 Emin
Ck ≔ 0.7025 ⋅ = 18.42
fcpa
MOMENTO FLECTOR
Carga2 1
WP ≔ = ⋅ kgf l ≔ 1.14 m
60 m
LT
WP ⋅ l2
M≔ = 9.75 kgf ⋅ m
8
VERIFICAR
Verificacion ≔ if ⎜⎛ QBI ⎟⎞ < 1||
N +ZM ⋅f
⎝ adm X m⎠ |
Q
‖
N
- 36 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
‖ |
M else |
ZX ⋅ fm “CU ‖ |
MPL
E” = 0.47
- 37 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
DISEÑO A COMPRESION DE DIAGONALES Y MONTANTES
QMD ≔ |MDC| = 1638.8743 kgf
Grupo ≔ “C”
kgf
Emin = 55000
cm 2
kgf
Eprom = 90000
cm 2
kgf
fm = 100
cm 2
kgf
ft = 75
cm 2
kgf
fcpa = 80
cm 2
kgf
fcpe = 15
cm 2
kgf
fv = 8 cm 2
PREDIMENSIONAMIENTO
MEDIDAS REALES
b ≔ 4 cm
h ≔ 9 cm
A ≔ b ⋅ h = 36 cm 2
4
b ⋅ h3
IX = 243 cm
≔ 12
h ⋅ b3
= 48 cm 4
IY ≔ 12
2 ⋅ IX
ZX ≔ = 54 cm 3
- 38 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
h
2 Emin
Ck ≔ 0.7025 ⋅ = 18.42
fcpa
- 39 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
L1 ≔ 0.7 m
Le ≔ 0.8 ⋅ L1 = 0.56 m
ESBELTEZ
Le Le
λX ≔ = λY ≔ = 14
6.2222 b
h
λm ≔ min ⎝⎛λX , λY⎠⎞ = 6.2222
‖ |
‖ ||
‖ ||
‖ |
clasificacion =“columna corta”

‖f ⋅A |
‖ cpa
|
‖ ⎛ ⎛ ||
‖ f ⋅ A ⋅ ⎜1 - 1 • λ m ⎞4 ⎞
cpa ⎜ ⎟ ⎟
|
‖ ⎝ 3 ⎝ Ck ⎠ ⎠ |
‖ |
‖ 0.329 ⋅ Emin ⋅ A |
‖ 2 ||
‖ λm
Nadm = 2880 kgf

VERIFICAR
Verificacion ≔ if QMD < Nadm |

‖ “CUMPLE” |
‖ |
else |
- 310
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
‖ |
- 311
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
DISEÑO A TRACCION DE MONTANTES Y DIAGONALES
QDM ≔ |MDT| = 2050.19 kgf
Grupo ≔ “C”
kgf
Emin = 55000
cm 2
kgf
Eprom = 90000
cm 2
kgf
fm = 100
cm 2
kgf
ft = 75
cm 2
kgf
fcpa = 80
cm 2
kgf
fcpe = 15
cm 2
kgf
fv = 8 cm 2
- 312
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
PREDIMENSIONAMIENTO
MEDIDAS REALES
b ≔ 4 cm
h ≔ 9 cm
A ≔ b ⋅ h = 36 cm 2
IX ≔
b⋅
= 243 cm 4
h3
12
IY ≔
h⋅
= 48 cm 4
b3
12
2 ⋅ IX
ZX ≔ = 54 cm 3
h
2 Emin
Ck ≔ 0.7025 ⋅ = 18.42
fcpa
VERIFICAR
Verificacion ≔ if QDM < Nadm |

‖ “CUMPLE” |
‖ |
else |
‖ |
- 313
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
UNIONES
CIZALLAMIENTO SIMPLE
GRUPO ≔ “C” CARGA A SOPORTAR EN LA

UNION
CIZALLAMIENTO ≔ “SP”
N ≔ 145.34 kgf
MADERA ≔ “H”
CLAVO ≔ 4
DIAMETRO ≔ 4.1
f ≔ if CIZALLAMIENTO＝“SP” |
‖ 1.00 |
‖ |
else if CIZALLAMIENTO＝“ST”|
‖ 0.67 |
‖ |
else if CIZALLAMIENTO＝“SL”|
‖ 0.83 |
‖ |
⎡ “L-d” “d(mm)” “L(mm)” “A” “B” “C” ⎤

⎢ 2 ⋅ 2.4 2.4 mm 51 mm 36 kgf 28 kgf 20 kgf ⎥
⎢ ⎥
2 ⋅ 2.6 2.6 mm 51 mm 40 kgf 31 kgf 22 kgf
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2 ⋅ 2.9 2.9 mm 51 mm 46 kgf 36 kgf 25 kgf ⎥
⎢ 2 ⋅ 3.3 3.3 mm 51 mm 53 kgf 42 kgf 30 kgf ⎥
⎢ 2.5 ⋅ 2.6 2.6 mm 63 mm 40 kgf 31 kgf 22 kgf ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2.5 ⋅ 2.9 2.9 mm 63 mm 46 kgf 36 kgf 25 kgf ⎥
2.5 ⋅ 3.3 3.3 mm 63 mm 53 kgf 42 kgf 30 kgf
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2.5 ⋅ 3.7 3.7 mm 63 mm 61 kgf 48 kgf 35 kgf ⎥
clavo ≔⎢
3 ⋅ 3.3 3.3 mm 76 mm 53 kgf 42 kgf 30 kgf ⎥
⎢ ⎥
3 ⋅ 3.7 3.7 mm 76 mm 61 kgf 48 kgf 35 kgf
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 3 ⋅ 4.1 4.1 mm 76 mm 70 kgf 54 kgf 39 kgf ⎥
⎢ 3.5 ⋅ 3.7 3.7 mm 89 mm 61 kgf 48 kgf 35 kgf ⎥
⎢ 3.5 ⋅ 4.1 4.1 mm 89 mm 70 kgf 54 kgf 39 kgf ⎥
⎢ 3.5 ⋅ 4.5 4.5 mm 89 mm 78 kgf 61 kgf 44 kgf ⎥
⎢ ⎥
4 ⋅ 4.1 4.1 mm 102 mm 70 kgf 54 kgf 39 kgf
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 4 ⋅ 4.5 4.5 mm 102 mm 78 kgf 61 kgf 44 kgf ⎥
⎣ 4 ⋅ 4.9 4.9 mm 102 mm 87 kgf 68 kgf 49 kgf ⎦
- 314
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
CD ≔ CLAVO ⋅ DIAMETRO
Cadm ≔ det vhlookup CD , GRUPO , = 39 kgf

clavo
- 315
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
CADM ≔ if MADERA＝“H”
‖ C ⋅ 1.00 | = 39 kgf
‖ adm |
|
else if MADERA＝“S”|
‖ |
C •1.25 |
‖ adm
CADMF ≔ CADM ⋅ f = 39 kgf
d ≔ det CD ,“d(mm)”, clavo = 4.1 mm

vhlookup
CADM = 39 f=1 CADMF = 39 kgf

kgf
d = 4.1 e≔2 Pn ≔ 4 cm
mm cm
emin ≔ 6 ⋅ d = 24.6 mm
Pnmin ≔ 11 ⋅ d = 45.1 mm
CFINAL ≔ if e < emin

|
‖ e |
‖ CADMF ⋅
• Pn |
‖ emin Pnmin |
|
else if e ≥ emin
e Pn
| factor ≔ ⋅ = 0.72
emin Pnmin
‖C ⋅ 1.00
‖ ADMF |
CADMF = 39 factor = CFINAL = 28.12 kgf

kgf 0.72
- 40 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
N. DE CLAVOS
N = 145.34 kgf
N
#CLAVOS ≔ = 5.17
CFINAL
- 40 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
N ⎛ N ⎞ |
NCLAVOS ≔ if > round |
CFINAL ⎜ ⎟
⎝ CFINAL ⎠ |
‖ ⎛ N ⎞ |
‖ round⎜ ⎟ + 1 |
‖ ⎝C FINAL ⎠ |
⎛ N ⎞ N |
else if round |
⎜ ⎟≥
C
⎝ FINAL ⎠ C FINAL |
‖ ⎛ N ⎞ |
‖ round⎜ ⎟ |
‖ C
⎝ FINAL ⎠ |
NCLAVOS = 6
DOBLE CIZALLAMIENTO

UNION
CIZALLAMIENTO ≔ “D”
N ≔ 145.34 kgf
MADERA ≔ “H”
MITAD DE CLAVOS POR
CLAVO ≔ 4 LADO S/N
DIAMETRO ≔ 4.1 R ≔ “S”
f ≔ 1.8
⎡ “L-d” “d(mm)” “L(mm)” “A” “B” “C” ⎤

⎢ 2 ⋅ 2.4 2.4 mm 51 mm 36 kgf 28 kgf 20 kgf ⎥
⎢ ⎥
2 ⋅ 2.6 2.6 mm 51 mm 40 kgf 31 kgf 22 kgf
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2 ⋅ 2.9 2.9 mm 51 mm 46 kgf 36 kgf 25 kgf ⎥
⎢ 2 ⋅ 3.3 3.3 mm 51 mm 53 kgf 42 kgf 30 kgf ⎥
⎢ 2.5 ⋅ 2.6 2.6 mm 63 mm 40 kgf 31 kgf 22 kgf ⎥
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2.5 ⋅ 2.9 2.9 mm 63 mm 46 kgf 36 kgf 25 kgf ⎥
clavo ≔ 2.5 ⋅ 3.3 3.3 mm 63 mm 53 kgf 42 kgf 30 kgf
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2.5 ⋅ 3.7 3.7 mm 63 mm 61 kgf 48 kgf 35 kgf ⎥
⎢ 3 ⋅ 3.3 3.3 mm 76 mm 53 kgf 42 kgf 30 kgf ⎥
⎢ ⎥
3 ⋅ 3.7 3.7 mm 76 mm 61 kgf 48 kgf 35 kgf
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 3 ⋅ 4.1 4.1 mm 76 mm 70 kgf 54 kgf 39 kgf ⎥
⎢ 3.5 ⋅ 3.7 3.7 mm 89 mm 61 kgf 48 kgf 35 kgf ⎥
- 41 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎢ 3.5 ⋅ 4.1 4.1 mm 89 mm 70 kgf 54 kgf 39 kgf ⎥

⎣ ⋮ ⎦
- 42 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
Cadm ≔ det vhlookup

CD , GRUPO , = 39 kgf
clavo
CADM ≔ if MADERA＝“H” | = 39 kgf

‖ C ⋅ 1.00 |
adm
‖ |
‖ |
C •1.25 |
‖ adm
CADMF ≔ CADM ⋅ f = 70.2 kgf

vhlookup
CADM = 39 f = 1.8 CADMF = 70.2 kgf

kgf
d = 4.1 e≔2 E≔4 Pn ≔ 2 cm

mm cm cm
emin ≔ 5 ⋅ d = 20.5 mm
Pnmin ≔ 5 ⋅ d = 20.5 mm
Emin ≔ 10 ⋅ d = 41 mm
CFINAL ≔ if e < |
emin
‖ e |
‖ CADMF ⋅
• Pn E |
emin Pn ⋅ |
‖ min Emin
else if e ≥ emin ||
‖C |
‖ ADMF ⋅ 1.00 |
E
factor1 ≔ e ⋅ Pn ⋅ = 0.93
emin Pnmin Emin
factor ≔ if R＝“S”
- 43 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
| = 0.9286
‖ factor1 ⋅ 1.00 |
‖ |
else if R＝“N” |
‖ factor1 ⋅ 0.7 |
‖ |
CADMF = 70.2
kgf factor = CFINAL = 65.19 kgf
0.93
- 44 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
N. DE CLAVOS
N = 145.34 kgf
N
#CLAVOS ≔ = 2.23
CFINAL
N
≔ if ⎛ N ⎞ |
NCLAVOS CFINAL > round ⎜ ⎟ |
‖ ⎝ CFINAL ⎠ |
⎛
N ⎞ |
‖ round⎜ ⎟ + 1 |
⎛ N ⎞ N |
else if round |
⎜ ⎟≥
C
⎝ FINAL ⎠ C FINAL |
‖ ⎛ N ⎞ |
‖ round⎜ ⎟ |
‖ C
⎝ FINAL ⎠ |
NCLAVOS = 3
UNIONES SOMETIDOS A EXTRACCION Y CLAVOS LANCEROS

UNION
CIZALLAMIENTO ≔ “D”
N ≔ 145.34 kgf
MADERA ≔ “H”
CLAVO ≔ 4
DIAMETRO ≔ 4.1 TIPO ≔ “L”

f ≔ if TIPO＝“L” |
‖ 0.83 |
‖ |
else if TIPO＝“PE”|
‖1 |
‖ |
- 45 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
else if TIPO＝“PA”|
‖0 |
‖ |
- 46 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎡ “L-d” “d(mm)” “L(mm)” “A” “B” “C” ⎤

⎢ 2 ⋅ 2.4 2.4 mm 51 mm 36 kgf 28 kgf 20 kgf ⎥
⎢ ⎥
2 ⋅ 2.6 2.6 mm 51 mm 40 kgf 31 kgf 22 kgf
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2 ⋅ 2.9 2.9 mm 51 mm 46 kgf 36 kgf 25 kgf ⎥
⎢ 2 ⋅ 3.3 3.3 mm 51 mm 53 kgf 42 kgf 30 kgf ⎥
⎢ 2.5 ⋅ 2.6 2.6 mm 63 mm 40 kgf 31 kgf 22 kgf ⎥
⎢ ⎥
clavo ≔ ⎢ 2.5 ⋅ 2.9
2.5 ⋅ 3.3
2.9 mm
3.3 mm
63 mm 46 kgf
63 mm 53 kgf
36 kgf
42 kgf
25 kgf ⎥
30 kgf
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 2.5 ⋅ 3.7 3.7 mm 63 mm 61 kgf 48 kgf 35 kgf ⎥
⎢ 3 ⋅ 3.3 3.3 mm 76 mm 53 kgf 42 kgf 30 kgf ⎥
⎢ ⎥
3 ⋅ 3.7 3.7 mm 76 mm 61 kgf 48 kgf 35 kgf
⎢ ⎥
⎢ 3 ⋅ 4.1 4.1 mm 76 mm 70 kgf 54 kgf 39 kgf ⎥
⎣ ⋮ ⎦
Cadm ≔ det vhlookup CD , GRUPO , = 39 kgf

clavo
CADM ≔ if MADERA＝“H” | = 39 kgf

‖ C ⋅ 1.00 |
adm
‖ |
‖ |
C •1.25 |
‖ adm
CADMF ≔ CADM ⋅ f = 32.37 kgf

vhlookup
CADM = 39 f= CADMF = 32.37 kgf

kgf 0.83
N. DE CLAVOS
N = 145.34 kgf
#CLAVOS ≔ N
= 2.23
CFINAL
N ⎛ N ⎞ |
NCLAVOS ≔ if > round ⎜ ⎟ |
CFINAL
⎝ CFINAL ⎠ |
‖ ⎛ N ⎞ |
‖ round⎜ ⎟+1 |
- 47 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
⎛ N ⎞ N |
else if round |
⎜ ⎟≥
⎝ CFINAL ⎠ CFINAL |
‖ ⎛ N ⎞ |
‖ round⎜ ⎟ |
‖ C
⎝ FINAL ⎠ |
NCLAVOS = 3
- 48 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
ESPACIAMIENTO PARA CLAVADO
CARGAS PARALELAS A LA DIRECCION DEL GRANO
ESPACIAMIENTO MINIMO PARA SIMPLE O DOBLE

CIZALLAMIENTO CLAVADO DESDE UN LADO
d ≔ 4.5 mm clavos ≔ 7 filas ≔ 3

columnas ≔ clavos
if ⎛ clavos ⎞ |
> round
⎜ ⎟ |
‖ filas ⎛ clavos ⎞ ⎝ filas ⎠ ||
‖ round +1
⎜ ⎟ |
‖ ⎝ filas ⎠ |
⎛ clavos ⎞ clavos |
else if round ⎜ ⎟≥ |
⎝ filas ⎠ filas |
‖
⎛ clavos ⎞ |
‖ round
⎜ ⎟ |
‖ ⎝ filas ⎠ |
columnas = 3
espaciamientos horizontales
distancia del eje del clavo extremo
det ≔ if 20 d ≥ 90 mm dec ≔ if 8 d ≥ 36 mm |
‖8 d |
| ‖ |
‖ 20 d
‖ |
else if 20 d < 90 mm| else if 8 d < 36 mm|

‖ 90 mm | ‖ 36 mm |
‖ | ‖ |
det = 90 mm dec = 36 mm
distancia entre clavos
dejes ≔ if 16 d ≥ 72 mm |
- 49 -
TIJERAL DE MADERA
‖ 16 d |
‖ |
else if 16 d < 72 mm|
‖ 72 mm |
‖ |
dejes = 72 mm
- 410
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
espaciamiento requerido verticales
tracción compresión
eht ≔ det ⋅ 2 + columnas - ehc ≔ dec ⋅ 2 + columnas - 1

dejes ⋅ 1 dejes ⋅
eht = 32.4 cm ehc = 21.6 cm
espaciamiento verticales
de = 22.5 mm
dejes = 36 mm
espaciamiento requerido vertical
ev ≔ de ⋅ 2 + dejes ⋅ filas - 1
ev = 11.7 cm
CARGAS PERPENDICULARES A LA DIRECCION DEL GRANO
distancia del eje del clavo extremo al borde no cargado
det = 22.5 mm
distancia del eje del clavo extremo al borde cargado

dec = 45 mm
dejes = 36 mm
eh ≔ det ⋅ 2 + dejes ⋅ filas - 1
eh = 11.7 cm
- 411
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
de = 22.5 mm
- 412
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
dejes = 72 mm
espaciamiento requerido horizontal
ev ≔ de ⋅ 2 + dejes ⋅ columnas - 1
ev = 18.9 cm
ESPACIAMIENTO MINIMOS PARA SIMPLE CIZALLAMIENTO CON PRETALADRO

O DOBLE CIZALLAMIENTO SIMETRICO (CLAVADO AMBOS LADOS)
CARGAS PARALELAS A LA DIRECCION DEL GRANO
espaciamientos horizontales
det = 72 mm dec = 27 mm
dejes = 49.5 mm
espaciamiento requerido horizontales
tracción compresión
eht ≔ det ⋅ 2 + columnas - ehc ≔ dec ⋅ 2 + columnas - 1

dejes ⋅ 1 dejes ⋅
eht = 24.3 cm ehc = 15.3 cm
espaciamiento verticales
de = 22.5 mm
dejes = 27 mm
- 413
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
ev ≔ de ⋅ 2 + dejes ⋅ filas - 1
ev = 9.9 cm
- 414
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
CARGAS PERPENDICULARES A LA DIRECCION DEL GRANO
distancia del eje del clavo extremo al borde no cargado
det = 13.5 mm
distancia del eje del clavo extremo al borde cargado

dec = 45 mm
dejes = 27 mm
ev ≔ det ⋅ 2 + dejes ⋅ filas - 1
ev = 8.1 cm
HORIZONTAL
de = 22.5 mm
dejes = 49.5 mm
espaciamiento requerido horizontal
eh ≔ de ⋅ 2 + dejes ⋅ columnas - 1
eh = 14.4 cm
- 415
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
VERIFICACION DEL ESFUERZO DE CORTE EN LAS CARTELAS
Grupo ≔ ancho ≔ 40 espesor ≔ 2 cm

“C” cm
NUMERO DE CARTELAS
cartelas ≔ 2 N ≔ 1200 kgf
kgf
Emin = 55000
cm 2
kgf
Eprom = 90000
cm 2
kgf
fm = 100
cm 2
kgf
ft = 75
cm 2
kgf
fcpa = 80
cm 2
kgf
fcpe = 15
cm 2
kgf
fv = 8 cm 2
tonnef
DPROM = 0.48
m3
RESISTENCIA DE LAS CARTELAS
R ≔ fv ⋅ ancho ⋅ espesor
R = 640 kgf
RT ≔ R ⋅ cartelas
- 416
-
TIJERAL DE MADERA
RT = 1280 kgf
CARTELAS =“CUMPLE”
- 417
-

Diseño Madera Grupo N°04

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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE UCAYALI

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA DE SISTEMAS Y DE INGENIERIA CIVIL DOCENTE: ING. MG. ENZO

MEMORIA DE CALCULO FEBRERO – 2023 GRUPO N°04

l1 ≔ 1.5 l2 ≔ 1.5 l3 ≔ 1.5 l4 ≔ 1.5 l5 ≔ 1.5 l6 ≔ 1.5 l7 ≔ 1.5 l8 ≔ 1.5 m

Á rea tributaria: e ≔ 4.0 m

MEMORIA DE CALCULO FEBRERO – 2023 GRUPO N°04

MEMORIA DE CALCULO FEBRERO – 2023 GRUPO N°04

Cielo raso de madera machihembrada.

ANALISIS DE CARGA DE LA BRIDA SUPERIOR

Carga1 ≔ carga1 ⋅ area = 2737.75 kgf

CARGA POR NUDO

MEMORIA DE CALCULO FEBRERO – 2023 GRUPO N°04

MEMORIA DE CALCULO FEBRERO – 2023 GRUPO N°04

ANALISIS DE CARGA DE LA BRIDA INFERIOR

Carga2 ≔ carga2 ⋅ area = 720 kgf

CARGA POR NUDO

(l2 + l3) ⋅ Carga2

(l3 + l4) ⋅ Carga2

(l4 + l5) ⋅ Carga2

(l5 + l6) ⋅ Carga2

(l6 + l7) ⋅ Carga2

(l7 + l8) ⋅ Carga2

MEMORIA DE CALCULO FEBRERO – 2023 GRUPO N°04

CÁLCULO DE FUERZAS INTERNAS DE LA ARMADURA

2.- METODOLOGIA DE ANALISIS

Para poder calcular las fuerzas internas de la armadura se va realizar con el

2.1. INGRESO DE DATOS DE LA ARMADURA

MEMORIA DE CALCULO FEBRERO – 2023 GRUPO N°04

Barra Ni Nj Area E Apoyo N_restringido Δx Δy

MEMORIA DE CALCULO FEBRERO – 2023 GRUPO N°04

2.2. GRADOS DE LIBERTAD

2.3. MATRIZ DE RIGIDEZ DE CADA ELEMENTO LOCAL.

MEMORIA DE CALCULO FEBRERO – 2023 GRUPO N°04

MEMORIA DE CALCULO FEBRERO – 2023 GRUPO N°04

BARRA 9: BARRA 10:

BARRA 11: BARRA 12:

BARRA 13: BARRA 14:

BARRA 15: BARRA 16:

BARRA 17: BARRA 18:

MEMORIA DE CALCULO FEBRERO – 2023 GRUPO N°04

BARRA 19: BARRA 20:

MEMORIA DE CALCULO FEBRERO – 2023 GRUPO N°04

BARRA 21: BARRA 22:

BARRA 23: BARRA 24:

BARRA 25: BARRA 26:

BARRA 27: BARRA 28:

2.4. MATRIZ DE RIGIDEZ DE CADA ELEMENTO GLOBAL.

MEMORIA DE CALCULO FEBRERO – 2023 GRUPO N°04

⎡ 125.2262 41.7421 -125.2262 -41.7421 ⎤

⎣ -41.7421 -13.914 41.7421 13.914 ⎦

MEMORIA DE CALCULO FEBRERO – 2023 GRUPO N°04

⎡ 125.2262 41.7421 -125.2262 -41.7421 ⎤

⎣ -41.7421 -13.914 41.7421 13.914 ⎦

⎡ 125.2262 41.7421 -125.2262 -41.7421 ⎤

⎣ -41.7421 -13.914 41.7421 13.914 ⎦

⎡ 125.2262 41.7421 -125.2262 -41.7421 ⎤

⎣ -41.7421 -13.914 41.7421 13.914 ⎦

⎡ 125.2262 -41.7421 -125.2262 41.7421 ⎤

MEMORIA DE CALCULO FEBRERO – 2023 GRUPO N°04

⎣ 41.7421 -13.914 -41.7421 13.914 ⎦

MEMORIA DE CALCULO FEBRERO – 2023 GRUPO N°04

⎡ 125.2262 -41.7421 -125.2262 41.7421 ⎤

⎡ 125.2262 -41.7421 -125.2262 41.7421 ⎤