Inglés

Universidad Autónoma “Gabriel René Moreno”
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA EN CIENCIAS

DE LA COMPUTACIÓN Y TELECOMUNICACIONES
UNIT 1
THE PARTS OF THE SENTENCE
La oración está formada esencialmente por el sujeto y el predicado. El sujeto es la persona,

animal o cosa de quien se habla. El predicado indica la acción que realiza el sujeto. En el
predicado se encuentra el verbo y los complementos.
Los estudiantes aprenden inglés en la clase
Sujeto Predicado
a) Escribir oraciones
1………………………………………………………………………………
2………………………………………………………………………………
Las partes en que se divide la oración simple en el idioma inglés son: el sujeto, el verbo y
el complemento estos dos últimos están en el predicado.. Por ejemplo:
The girl + goes + to the cinema.
Sujeto Verbo Complemento
S V O
Subject, verb, object or complement
El sujeto puede estar formado por el NOMBRE o sustantivo ( NOUN) (propio o común) o
por un pronombre personal (SUBJECT PRONOUN) I, you,He, she, it.
Ejemplo: My father is an engineer He is an engineer.
b) Remplace los sustantivos por los pronombres
Montero is very big The teacher an the student are in the class
…………is in Santa Cruz …………….are happy
My sister is a student. English and math are my favorite subject.
…………. is in Santa Cruz ………………are useful subjects
Elizabeth Claure Medrano 1

c) Separar las oraciones en S V O

Gustavo studies in the University with his friend.
.…………………………………………………………………………………
Judy, the tall girl, and her sister buy a dress in the store this morning.
………………………………………………………………………………….
Carlos, the handsome student of the class studies English with Marcia at night
………………………………………………………………………………….
ORACIONES IMPERATIVAS (Imperative Sentences)
Las oraciones imperativas indican orden o mandato, se refieren a Tu o Ud. Solo estas
oraciones pueden empezar con verbo. No tienen sujeto.
Close your book
Escribe tus propias órdenes.
Open your book ………….………… Look at your book …..……………

Come here ………….………… Stand on your head. …..……………
1._________________________________ 2._____________________________
3.__________________________________ 4.___________________________
EJERCICIO
Encuentra el sujeto, el verbo, y el complemento de cada oración S V O
1. Computers help the students in the class. ………………………………….
2. The electric current works in a series of pulses………………………………
3. Does the new computer do all the calculations? ………………………………….
4. This is the control center of the computer……………………………………
5. Pedro and Carlos use a computer in the laboratory. ………………………..
6. Are the printer and the mouse on the table?……………………………………

7. The scientists and the physicians are working with the same objective.
8. The reading is necessary to learn. ………………………………………….
9. Most of the students read and write at the same time …………………….
10. Copy the exercises right now. …………………………………………..
11. Cats and dogs are fighting on the street. …………………………………
1. VERBS
PRE READING Identificar los verbos de acuerdo al dibujo.
¡A completar los verbos que faltan sin repetir ninguno!
Las plantas de orquídeas…………………aspectos curiosos e interesantes
Pero lo que más……………….la atención……….………….las FLORES.
Estas……………..…..……….las .más diversa .formas

Algunas…………………….objetos o animales comunes, Los
Colores……………….brillantes e intensos, especialmente en las que

………………………..en las selvas cálidas.
Se han……………………….unas dos mil especies de orquídeas hasta el
momento……………….en casi todas partes menos en la Antártida y en
Algunos de los DESIERTOS más áridos de Europa y Asia pero en las
zonas tropicales es donde se………………….las especies mas hermosas.
SUBJECT PRONOUNS
Solo se los usa en el sujeto de la oración

…………….. ……………… …….………….
…………….. ……………… ……………….
…………….. ……………… ……………….
……..……... ……………… ……….…….. singular
……………. ……………. ………………
……………. ……………… ………………….

……………. ……………… ………….………. Plural
……………. ……………… ………….……….
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
Podemos clasificar los verbos en dos tipos: los verbos normales y los verbos auxiliares.
Los verbos normales pueden dividirse a su vez en verbos regulares y verbos irregulares.
Todas los verbos tienen la misma forma, en la conjugación, excepto la tercera persona
singular ( he, she, it) donde se añade una S
Verbo en infinitivo. Verbo conjugado en SIMPLE PRESENT

l l
To surf I surf Yo ...............
To read You surf Tú ............
To know He surfs Él .............
To sing She surfs Ella ............
To speak It surf s Este ............
Write We surf Nosotros................
Think You surf Uds. ...............
They surf Ellos ...............

I I I I
You You You You
He He He He
She She She She
It It It It
We We We We
You You You You
They They They They
El verbo es la parte más importante de la oración. El verbo expresa acción movimiento,

estado.
Identificar al verbo en estas oraciones
Carlos surfs the Internet every day. .........................................................

The students write sentences today. .........................................................
Maritza begins to read the internet every day...........................................
VERBS: 3rd PERSON
1.- Se añade una ………a todos los verbos en la tercera persona.
2.-Los verbos que terminan en s, sh, ch, x, o en la tercera persona se añade ____________
3. - Los verbos que terminan en y _____________________________________________
4.- Los verbos que terminan en y con vocal ____________________________________
Conjugar los siguientes verbos.
PRONOUN VERB PRONOUN VERB PRONOUN

I _______ ( wear) I ________ (teach) I ___________ ( cry )
You _______ you _______ you __________
He ________ he _______ he __________
She ______ she _______ she ________
It _______ it ________ it _______
We _______ w e _________ we ________
You _______ you _________ you ________
They ______ they _________ they ________

Write the verb in the correct form.
S ES Y= IES
a,e,i,o,u+ Y = S
I _______ (vivir) I ________ (enseñar) I __________ (estudiar)
You _______ (trabajar) you _______ ( entender) you ________ ( llorar )
He _________ (vestirse) he ________ (empujar) he __________ (copiar)
She_________ (correr) she ________ (ir) she ________ (volar)
It _________ (nevar) it ________ (cepillar) it _______ (pagar)
We _________(sonreir) we _________( mirar) we _______ (comprar)
You _________(escribir) you _________( pasar) you ________ (decir)
They ______ __(caminar) they ________(lavar) they ________ (jugar)
Dividir estos verbos de acuerdo a la 3ra persona.
Fly Bring do deny catch think pay drive touch have lose try wish supply
Say Play carry employ miss cry watch match explain cover save Buy copy
study stay testify
S ES Y= IES a,e,i,o,u+ Y = S
I ______ I ________ I ____________ I_____________

You ______ you _______ you __________ ____________
He ________ he _______ he __________ _____________
She _____ she _______ she ________ _____________
It _______ it ________ it _______ _____________
We _______ we _________ we ________ ______________
You ________ you ________ you ________ ______________
They ______ they _________ they ________ _____________

PRE-READING
1.- Completar las oraciones Tenga cuidado de la 3ra persona
The engineer ..........................in the petroleum camp ( to work)

We .........................................the homework (do)
The students ...........................English (study)
Charles ............. …………....to Cochabamba. (fly)
The cat .................................in the park (run)
3. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb.

1. The student ------------------------------on the blackboard. (write)
2. The sun……………………………….in the sky. (Shine)
3. My sister ……………………………...a new watch. ( have)
4. The teachers…………………………….the students.( help)
5. The woman…………………………….this exercises together. ( do)
6. We ………………………lunch at home every day (eat)
7. Ann and Tom ………………………French (Speak)

2 Buscar en el internet una lista de verbos que no estén en esta unidad y que no conoce
……………….. ……………… ……………….. ………………..
……………….. ……………….. ……………….. ………………..
……………….. ……………….. ……………….. ………………..
……………….. ……………….. ……………….. ………………..
……………….. ……………….. ……………….. ………………..

WHILE READING People like pets
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
Students …………(aman) little pets. They always ………….(piensan) of their pets as part
of the family. They ………….(viven) and ………..(caminan) with one or more animals.
They …………(charlan) to them every day. Lonely people give a lot of love to their sweet
pets. Pets need a lot of attention. Some Owners ……….(dar) their pets‟ birthday presents.
Many of them ……..(duermen) and take a bath with their dogs and cats. Many people
.......... (viajan) with their pets. (It …..….(cuesta) 50 dollars to fly with a pet.) There is a
magazine for pet owners
This morning my brother picks up a little pet from Junín Street. He takes care of it,
he………………..(gustan) different animals.
My friend doesn‟t ………(gusta) pets, He buys one and after few days he abandons
it. He doesn‟t ………………(piensa) that pets need a lot of care.. Do you ……...
(gusta) a little pet? Don‟t ………...(comprar) a pet if you don‟t………..…(.quieres)to
take care of him

VOCABULARY
GIVE LOVE TRAVEL SLEEP WALK BUY COST

LI KE THINK WANT
4. Copy sentences from the reading and change to the 3rd person. (He, she, it)
1.…………………………………………………………………………………………
2.………………………………………………………………………………………
3.………………………………………………………………………………………
4…………………….…………………………………………………………
NEGATIVE SENTENCES:
Para formar el negativo se usa el auxiliar DO+ not DOES + not
Don‟t Doesn‟t
Se usa DON’T con = I, YOU, WE, YOU, THEY.
Se usa DOESN’T con = HE, SHE, IT
I do not write an exercise He does not copy the lesson

I don’t write an exercise . He doesn’t copy the lesson
1 – Completar la oraciones negativas S +AUX+NOT + VERB
6. You …………………………….….a computer (need not)

7. The student …………………………-on the blackboard. (write not)
8. The sun………………………….……….in the sky. ( shine not)
9. My sister ………………………………...a new watch. ( have, not)
10. The teacher……………………………….the students. ( help, not)
11. The women……………………..…….these exercises together. (Do, not)
12. We ……………………………….…lunch at home every day. (Eat, not)
13. Ann and Tom ………………………French (Speak, not)

MAKE INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES ( Yes and NO QUESTION)
Para formular preguntas; Se usa el auxiliar DO con = I, YOU, WE, YOU, THEY.
Se usa el auxiliar DOES con = HE, SHE, IT
AUXILIARY SUBJECT VERB OBJECT ?
DO THEY WORK IN THE OFFICE ?

DOES HE COPY THE SENTENCES ?
Pablo drinks Coca cola Does Pablo drink coca cola?

Yes, he does. (short answer)
No, he doesn!T
Yes, he drinks coca cola. (full answer)

No, he doesn!t drink coca cola.
They buy a house Do they buy a new house?

________________________
_________________________
________________________
_________________________
a) Complete las preguntas colocando el auxiliar correcto y el signo de interrogation
………….the students love little pets….. ( short answer)……………………….

…………..he always thinks of their pets as part of the family… ……………….
. …………Pedro and Miguel live and walk with one or more animals…..
…………we talk to them every day........ (full answer)…………………………
………….. Lonely people give a lot of love to their sweet pets….. ……………….

…………..the pet needs a lot of attention……… …………………………………
…………..some Owners sleep with their pets……… …………………………….
b) Cambiar las oraciones afirmativas a negativas y a preguntas .
1. We eat lunch at home every day.( yes) _______________________________
2. The sun shines in the sky. (no) _____________________________________
3. My sister has a new watch. ( short answer)_____________________________
4. The teacher helps the students. (full answer)____________________________
5. The women do these exercises....._(yes)_________________________________
6. The student and the teacher write on the board.___________________________
7 Ann and Tom speak French _(no)____________________________________
Escribir preguntas con pronombres interrogativos (WH QUESTION)

(WH-QUESTIONS)) What, who, when, where, which, whose, how, how many, how much,
why (because) how long, how far?) Don’t forget the auxiliaries (do – does)
QUESTION
WORD AUXILIARY SUBJECT VERB OBJECT
WHERE DO THEY WORK ?
WHAT DOES HE READ ?
1. They work in a laboratory . Where do they work ?

They work in a laboratory

2. We get together on Saturday …………….……………………..
3 He cries because he’s sad at home……………………………
4. She has three children. ......................................................
5. I surf the internet every day. ……….…………………..….………
6. The computer costs 400 $ in the supermarket……………………….…………..
7. My house is one kilometer from the university …………………………………

UNIT 2
INFORMATION ABOUT ROBERT´LIFE.
VERB TO BE (Auxiliary) _________________
A) Write the three forms of the verb to be ………… ………….. ……………
Complete the table with the verb to be.
AFIRM CONTRA NEGATIVE NEGATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
I I am not
she
You
Si el verbo es un auxiliar, para formular preguntas, se lleva el auxiliar al comienzo de la

oración.
Bruno is in his office
Is Bruno in his office? Yes, he is. No, he isn´t. ( short answer)
Yes, he is in his office. (full answer)
Negative form No, he isn’t in his office.
a) Fill the blanks with IS, ARE, or AM. (Filling blanks )
My name…………… Julia. I……………….. from Portachuelo.
We……………………….. (neg.) immigrants. The classroom…………………..big

and comfortable. My classmates ……………..from many different places of Santa
Cruz. ……..you a new student?.
b) Complete with the contracted forms of the verb “to Be”
1. _____Mr. and Mrs. Oropeza still at work . (?)(Int)

2. Charles________________(neg) at the language school
3. ________She pretty. (?) (Int)
The computers____________(neg) on the chairs, they _____ on the table
c) Rewrite the dialogue in the correct form. Put in order.
Hi, I am John. How are you? A………………………...................
I am seventeen. Are you seventeen, too? B ……..….............................……
No, I am not. I am from Portachuelo A …….……………............................
Fine, thank you. My name is Linda. Where are you from? B………..........................
Yes, I am A…………................................…
How old are you? B………...............................…………
I am from Montero. Are you too? A ……............................………
Reading 1
My name is Luis Alberto Landriel. I am 35 years old. I am from a little town in Italy. I am
a system engineer. I work for a big company. I am married and I don‟t have children..I am
in charge of many workers and some projects. It is not an easy task, but I like my job.
I) Comprehension questions
What is his name?........................................................How old is he?.........................
Where is he from?..............................................What is his occupation?...............
Is he single?......................................How many children does he have?......................
Is his work easy?...............................Where does he work?............................................

BE CAREFUL!!!!!!! Short answers.

Are you and your friends lost? No,............................................................................
Do you need help? No, ............................................................................
Am I right ? yes, ............................................................................
Do they have an answer? Yes, .....................................................................................
Is he from Peru? yes, .................................................................................
Does he speak English? Yes, .....---………………………………………..................
ARTICLES
DEFINITE ARTICLE: THE __________________ Plural___________
INDEFINITE ARTICLE: A ____________AN ______________Plural________
THE = Definite article se usa con todoa los nouns cuando se hable en sentido especifico
A = Indefinite article se usa cuando la palabra que sigue es………………………...
AN = Indefinite article se usa cuando la palabra que sigue es …………………….…
A student AN apple
…………..orange ………..scanner ……..monitor ……….bee …………. hole
…………..typewriter.………..exercises ……..magazine ………ducks ………machine
…………..glass ………..computer ……..newspapers ……..abacus ……....disk
…………..answer …………..umbrella ……..honest …….envelopes …....mouse
………. .University ………..offices ……..empty class ……architect ……key

Las oraciones en singular siempre llevan un artículo.
2. Fill in the blanks with a----- an---- the:
1. Sandra is ________doctor. 2_________engineer‟s name is Felix Perez.

3. Carlos is _________student at U.A.G.R.M. 4.________students in my class are all
very nice. 5 _______father and _______mother of Louis are Happy.
6. ________old houses ________juicy apple. 7 ________amusing story
8. ________delicious pie. 9. ________clean heart ________enormous building
10. …...books are in the bag. ……..telephone is in front of …….computer.
3.- Use A , AN or THE and the verb to be
1. It …… ……..briefcase They …….. ……. Keys. This ……. …….address bool.
2. This ….. …….English dictionary. That …. …. Encyclopedia.. It ….. ……eraser
3. we buy ………cell phone. This …. …….big country He reads ……book
VERB TO HAVE = _____________________
Affirmative Negative Interrogative Short Answer

Contraction
I have I do not have I don‟t have Do I have? Yes, I do.
No, I don‟t
He has He does not have He doesn‟t have Does he have?

1. Write the verb to have and the article. Change to negative
A) I -------------------------Sister. ___________________________________
B) She ------------------ printers. ____________________________________
C) They -------------------new book. ___________________________________
D) José -------------------computers. ___________________________________
E) Peter-------------------English class.___________________________________
Change to question all the sentences
AUXILIARY TO HAVE
Present Past Past participle
see saw seen
_____________________________
Affirmative Negative Contraction Interrogative Short Answer
I have seen I have not seen I haven‟t seen Have I seen ? Yes, I have.
No, I haven‟t.
You you you
He has He He Has
She
it
we
you
they

5. Choose the correct form of have: verb or auxiliary
They have broken the mousse ………………………
You have spoken English for two months ………………………
She has a book ………………………
They have swum in the pool ………………………
They have computers. ………………………
You have an English dictionary ………………………
You have found a pen ………………………
6. Change the sentences above to question.
Correct the mistakes.

I haven‟t a computer ………………………………………………..………………….
A computer don‟t have information …………………………………….…………….
Have you a new printer ………………………………………………………………...
The businessman has the price of the mouse ………………………………………….
Read Information about Roberto’s life
My name is Roberto Lopez. I am from Argentina I am a student al Truman College. My
mayor is engineering. I am married and I work during the day. I have a big family three
brothers and one sister, My sister has a new family, because she is married. My classes are
at night and on Saturdays. The college is a good place for me to start my education, because
the tuition is low and the attention to students is high.
Write a brief composition about you
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

UNIT 3
CHRISTMAS IS AN SPECIAL HOLIDAY
NOUNS
PRE READING
(altavoces) (raton) (teclado) (cámara web)
CD rom C.P.U. (diskete) (impresora)
(ordenador
(monitor) (ordenador) (pantalla)
portátil)

Un sustantivo o NOUN es la palabra que sirve para nombrar: a personas, animales,
lugares, cosas y palabras abstractas. Siempre va en el sujeto (subject) o en el complemento
(object) de la oración.
These sentences have nouns underline them:
My mother buys a computer. My father, my mother and all my family eat a

very big meal. The bus inspector looks at all the passengers.
Miguel is an opera singer. We learn English with a book and a dictionary.
1. Hay sustantivos constables Countable nouns: 1 desk, 4 desks , printer, engineer,

book
2. Sustantivos incontables, Uncountable nouns: water, milk. Information, homework, air
3. A proper noun names a specific person, place, animal or thing and begins with a capital
letter.
Person, place, animal, thing

Adolfo Piraí Nerón Sony
4. A common noun names a general person, place, animal or thing like these:
Person place animal Thing.
Engineer university dog computer
………………. ………………… ………………… …………………..
……………….. ……………….. ……………….. ………………..
……………….. ……………….. ……………….. ………………..
5. An Abstract Noun:
Happiness ………………… love ……………………….life……………………….

Friendship …………………… responsibility…………………..fun…..........................
la salud …………….la energía ……………… .helpful.........................
la inteligencia …………… el trabajo …………….… beauty........................
la educación ………… … el problema ……………… .noise ........................
la paciencia ……………. la verdad …………… feedom.........................

NOUNS
Maintenance …………….provision …………….… installation…………………….
Optimisation ………………implementation ……..… .communication………………
Procedures……………… discussion…………..……….comparison………………..
Decision……………………requirements………..………training……………….……
1. Select nouns that express occupations or jobs in the correct box
Chef judge security guard doctor police officer receptionist nurse waiter
secretary dentist businessman student athlete dentist ........... .............
Lawyer cashier salesman patient teacher professor head of department
In a hospital In an office In a University In a hotel
________________ __________
________________ ______________ _______________ __________
Who Wears a uniform ..................... …....... talk to people ……………….
Stands all day..................................... works hard …………………
Sits all day ........................................ works at night ……………
Handles money ................................ runs fast ………………
2. Write sentences with the different jobs. Answer the question.

2.Engineer 3. secretary 4. accountant 5. librarian 6. student.
JOB What does he /she use a computer for?
1. Teacher The teacher writes exercises for the students’.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

WHILE READING Christmas is a special holiday
(Question and answer) (

Underline the Nouns and answer the questions
We celebrate Christmas on December. It is a special holiday. People get together with

family and friends. Airports are especially crowded as people travel to be with their
families on this date. I write my cards in my new computer, it is interesting to do it.
My father, my mother and all my family eat a very big meal, while waiting for the guests to
arrive; we usually put out potato chips and nuts. The main part of the meal is a turkey. The
meal includes sweet potatoes, with sauce, mixture of bread, onion, tomatoes, celery, rice
and spices. My sister adds fruit, as apple or pineapple, watermelon, grapes and banana. We
have a dessert at the end as a pie, ice cream or Christmas bread.
POST READING Find nouns in the reading and translate
Christmas = ………………. ……………….. ……………

Holiday = ……………….. ……………….. ………………..………………..
…………… . ………………….. ……………………….. ………………..
Answer the questions.

1. When is Christmas? ...................................................................................................
2. When do people get together with family and friends? ………………………………
.3. What do the father and mother eat at Christmas?……………………………………
4. Do they have a dessert at the end of the dinner?..........................................................

5. What does the meal include? ………………………………………………………….
6. How are the airports in Christmas?..............................................................................

Separate the nouns and the verbs.
To train maintenance support requirement development to support require develop
improvement compare decide courses implement improve product training
VERB NOUN
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
6 6
7 7
PLURAL
Singular Plural Singular Plural
A student ……………………… .A son …………………….

The map ……………………… the computer…………………
A printer ……………………. A keyboard………………..
The office ………………………. A lion …………………….
2. - If some words end in ch, s , sh, x , o you add .............................

Brush ……………………….Church ……………………….
Box ………………………Glass ……………………….
potato ………………………. Tomato ………………………..
dish .................................... potato ......................................
Exception: words referring to music that finish in O like piano add ...................
…………………………. .................................. ................................
………………………… ................................. ............................
3. - To form the plural of the words ending in F or Fe, change the F -- Fe to v and add …
Knife ………………………. Wife .............................................
Thief ………………………. Loaf ...........................................

Leaf ………………………. Life………………………………
Exceptions: chief, roof, chef, proof, sheriff add = S Write the plural
................................... ........................................... ...............................................
.................................. ........................................... ..............................................
4. - If the word end in y preceded by a consonant, change the y to i and add. ................
A lady ………………………. Story ………………………
The Fly ……………………… The secretary…………………..
A city ………………………. Candy ……………………..
The family ………………………. Party ………………………….
4. If the words end in y preceded by a vowel (a,e,i,o,u), add ..............................
Key ………………………. A day………………………….

A boy ………………………. A monkey…………………….
A turkey ………….……………. the parsley ……………………
Holiday ………………………. The play ……………………..
Change to plural
A donkey is an animal, it carries a bag a dish and a box.
5.- Some nouns are IRREGULAR
A man ……………….. A woman ……………………….

The foot ……………….. A tooth ……………………….
The child ……………….. The Mouse ……………………….
Person ……………….. Goose ………………………..
Ox ………………. Datum ……………………….
6.- Some nouns are only singular only plural
Deer ………………………. Series ……………………….….

Fish ……………………… Scissors …………………….…….
Sheep ………………….......... pajamas …………………………..

2. Write the plural
SINGULAR PLURAL SINGULAR PLURAL
A bus Some ............. a day some.............
A foot ...................... a life .....................
The information ...................... the homework .....................
A journey ..................... a thief .....................
A man ..................... a wolf .....................
A mouse ....................... a tomato .....................
A fly ..................... a tooth ....................
The money ..................... help ...................
3. Write the plural of these sentences.

SINGULAR PLURAL SINGULAR PLURAL
A cat is quiet. __________________________ A dog makes noise.________________

An owner is here_______________________ binary System has 2 digits____________
The computer works fast_________________The girl is happy____________________
The coffee is hot ______________________ A woman is in the class ______________
4- Copy and change to plural all the nouns of the reading.

…………………… ………………….. ………………….. ………………….
.............................. .............................. ............................... ..............................
.................................. ............................. ..................................
POSSESSIVE OF NOUNS
Usually, nouns become possessive by adding a combination of an apostrophe and the letter
"S" „S =_____________ (Noun‟s + Noun)
S‟ =____________ (Nouns‟ + Noun)
OF =_____________ (thing + thing)
1. This is Martha‟s suit case..................................................................

2. The miner's face is with dust............................................................
3 Do yo have your driver¨s license? ………………………………..

4. Pedro´s lifestyle doesn´t include much physical activity…………..
Write your own sentences.
3.______________________________________________________
4._____ ___________________________________________________.
You can form the possessive case of a plural noun that does not end in "s" by adding an
apostrophe and a "s."
1 The children's ball runs on the floor of the house. .........................................................
2 El equipo de los hombres es tan bueno como el equipo de las mujeres...........................
3. ____________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________.
To form the possessive of a singular noun that end in "s" we add an apostrophe alone:
1. The bus' seats are very uncomfortable………………………………………..
2. La impresora de Carlos es vieja ………………………………………………
3.______________________________________________________
4_______________________________________________________
5-.______________________________________________________
6_______________________________________________________
You can form the possessive case of a plural noun that end in "s" by adding an apostrophe:
1. The concert was interrupted by the dogs' barking, the ducks' quacking, and the
babies' crying.
________________________________________________________________. 2.
My parents‟ names are Noemi and Neptaly:___________________________
2. Los amigos de mis hermanas _____________________________________

3___________________________________________________________

OF= de
1 La puerta de la clase __________________________________________
2La biblioteca de la universidad__________________________________
3.______________________________________________________
4_______________________________________________________
5 .______________________________________________________
6_______________________________________________________
1.- Write sentences with the possessive of nouns using: S‟ „S of
1. Adolfo / radio = Adolfo‟s radio is on the big table.

2. Mrs. Medrano/ dog ___________________________________________________
3. Back door / house____________________________________________________
4. Carolina / family __________________________________________________
5. Windows / Living room________________________________________________
6. Miguel / bedroom / at / front / house_______________________________________
7. Do you like...................................? ( Ann / Dress)
8. What is ..................................................................?.(.the first month / year)
1………………………………………………………………………
2……………………………………………………………………

UNIT 4
THE MOST EXPENSIVE CITY
CARDINAL NUMBERS
Write the numbers
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
ZERO -------- -------- --------- -------- ------- ------- -------- ------ ……TEN (OH)
11………………………… 21 ……………………… 40………………………

12………………………… 22………………………… 50……………………….…
13………………………… 23 ………………………… 60…………………………..
14………………………… 24………………………… 70…………………………...
15………………………… 25………………………… 80…………………………..
16……………………. ...…26……………………-…… 90……………………….…
17………………………….27………………………… 100………………………….
18……………………….....28……………………………1000…………………………
19……………………….... 29…………………………1.000.000……………………...
20………………………….30……………………………….
Write the telephone numbers.
1. 7265234…………………………………………………………………
2. 7038761…………………………………………………………………
3. 33452618…………………………………………………………………
4.
Read. And write
55 20 80 76 43 24 57 21 35 100 87
12 64 97 31 16 97 62 32 51 78 22
83 71 95 60 92 54 37 58 46 20 33

Years.
1986 ……………………………. 1996………………………………

1973……………………………. 2011………………………………
2009……………………………. 2012……………………………….
Reading
San Francisco is the most expensive city in the USA. An average house in San Francisco
was S 325,000 in 1992. A new house in Tokyo was 535,000 that was eight times the
average income in Japan. What are house prices in your Country or city?
How much is a house in San Fransisco?........................................................................

How much is a house in Tokyo?...................................................................................
How much is a house in your city?..............................................................................
Match the writing numbers with the numbers
fifteen seven 4 19 20 6
2 40
Sixty se……….ty sixteen ten
18 10 20 13
F…….teen eight th……teen
nineteen 11 15 80
Fifty nine
70 50 90 1
two forty five one
12 7 60 14
Sevent……… ten six
eighteen 30 3 40
twenty
2 9 16
Eleven four three ni…….ty
17 8
twelve

NUMBERS
1. - Use in dates.
1st first 5th ____________ 21st ____________________
2nd ____________ 12th ____________ 22nd ____________________
3rd _________________ 9th ___________________ 5th____________________
4th___________ 6th___________________ 10th____________________
Separate the numbers
1one 1stfirst 2two 2nd second 3three 3rd third 4four 4thfourth 5five 5th fifth 6six 6th sixth
7seven 7th seventh 8eight 8th eighth 9nine 9th ninth 10ten 10thtenth 11eleven 11theleventh
12twelve 12thtwelfth 13thirteen 13th thirteenth 14fourteen 14th fourteenth 15fifteen 15th
fifteenth 16sixteen 16th sixteenth 17seventeen 17th seventeenth 18eighteen 18th
eighteenth 19nineteen 19th nineteenth 20twenty 20thtwentieth 21twenty-one 21twenty first
22twenty two 22nd twenty second 30thirty 30th thirtieth 40forty 40th fortieth 50fifty 50th
fiftieth 60sixty 60thsixtieth 70seventy 70thseventieth 80eighty 90ninety 100a/one hundred
200two hundred 10.000ten thousand 100.000a/one hundred thousand 1000.000 one million
ORDINAL NUMBERS CARDINAL NUMBERS

___________________________________ ________________________
____________________________________ ________________________
____________________________________ _______________________
____________________________________ ________________________
____________________________________ ________________________
____________________________________ ________________________
2.- Match the date
___________________________________
July eighteenth two thousand eight 04/22/2003
___________________________________
June eleventh, nineteen eighty five 03/04/1999
___________________________________
April twenty-second, two thousand three 07/18/2008

___________________________________
September sixth, two thousand ten 06/11/1985
___________________________________
March fourth, nineteen ninety nine 0 9/6/2010
Write the date of your birthday_________________________________________

UNIT 5
THE MOST IMPORTANT DAY OF THE LIFE
PRONOUNS Los pronombres reemplazan a los NOUNS
SUBJECT EXAMPLES Replaced the NOUNS by the pronouns

PRONOUNS Subject verb Object ----- Subject verb Object
I ................... write the sentences …………………………………..
The student studies English ............ studies English

Mrs. Lopez buys a dog
The family is happy
Gustavo and I are good friends
Andred and you write a lesson
The computers are in the laboratory
1.- Replaced the nouns in the subject with the subject pronouns
Mario =........... Mrs. Landriel=...............the house =............ Mr. and Mrs. Caballero.=....
Mr. Lopez.......... Sheila .............. the garden .................Jose and Maria Jose ...........
My brother .........The secretary..............The University-..........Santa Cruz and Beni........
S OBJECT EXAMPLES
P PRONOUNS Subject verb Object
ME You love me
you
she

2 Replace the noun with the correct pronoun. (Subject and object)
1. The teacher explains the lesson to the students.
___________________________________________________________________
2. My mother makes dresses to my sister and me.
______________________________________________________________________
3. The computer and the printer are on the table.
4. The doctor and I are travelling to Cochabamba____________________________
Possessive POSSESSIVE EXAMPLES

ADJECTIVES PRONOUNS
MY MINE a. This is …………. book

b. This book is …………….
a.
b.
a.
b.
a.
b.
a.
b.
a.
b.
a..
b.
a.
b.

2. Fill the blanks with the correct pronoun or possessive adjective. I’M, ME, MY,
MINE, I .
a)…………… live far from the University. d) ……………. a student.

b)…………… computer is new. e)……… friends often visit………
c) They don‟t have a printer. They use……………………
3. Fill the blanks with: WE, US, WE’RE, OUR, OURS

1……………..new students 2………………classroom is large.
3……………..study English here. 4. The teacher helps…………to learn.
5 The teacher brings her book, and we bring …………………
4. Fill the blanks with: HE, HE’S, HIS, HIM, SHE, SHE’S, HER, HERS
a) I have a sister……….name is Lucy. d)………….….married
b)………a teacher. ………..husband is a doctor. e)……… Pedro.
c) Lucy‟s apartment is big ……………...is small.
f) Adolfo sees ……………….on weekends.

DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN
NEAR FAR
This That , (ese, ………………..
(este,…………………………)
SINGULAR
. ------------
_____________________ __________________
Those (esos, esas………….

………………………….…)
These (estos, …………..)
PLURAL _____________________
________
1. Demonstratives this----that. Translate
1-Este lápiz = 3-Ese hombre=
2. = 4. =
5- Ese médico =
6. Este policía = 7. Este bebé es una niña =
8- El policía es ese = 9. El médico es éste. =
2. Demonstratives these / those. Translate

1-Estos lápices = 2-Estas lámparas =
3-Esos lápices = 4-Aquellos libros =
5-Estos bolígrafos = 6-Esos cuadernos =

Demonstratives this/that / These/those Translate
1Esta vaca y esas ovejas___________________2-Esa serpiente y estos ratones

___________
3-Esta araña y esa vaca ___________________4-Aquel caballo y aquellos

perros__________
5Este ratón y ese gato ___________________6-Este gato malo y esos perros

pequeños_____
INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS. Question words. (Wh. word)
What? Who? When? Where? Which? Whose? How how many? (Count
nouns) how much? (Non count nouns) why? (Because) how long? How far?
Look at these answers. What are the questions?
He works in a store We need a table and a computer

_____________________________ _____________________
They go to class by bus She gets up at 6.00 A.M.

____________________________ _______________________
My computer has two mice. Caroline is my teacher.

_____________________________- _______________________
Because, he wants to be an engineer. I buy a printer at 100 Bs
_____________________________ _____________________.

Complete the questions with the correct interrogative pronoun
1. _______________is this book ? a) whom b) who c) who‟s d) what

2. _________________has the newspaper? a) whose b) who c) who‟s d) what
3. _________________is the new computer? a) when b) where c) who‟s d) what
4. _________________are you here? a) where b) who c) why d) what
5. _________does the engineer hurt his hand? a) why b) When c) how d) what
READING The most important day of the life

Recognize and underline all the pronouns. Classify them.
These young couples consider their wedding to be one of the most important days of
their life. They save for it and often spend a year planning for it. The bride chooses her
bridesmaids, and the groom chooses his best groomsmen. When the day arrives, He
doesn‟t usually see the bride before the wedding. It is considered bad luck for him to
see her ahead of time. During the ceremony the groom‟s best man holds the rings for
them. They are beautiful, until they are ready to place them on each other‟s fingers.
___________________ _____________________ ___________________
___________________ _____________________ ___________________
___________________ _____________________ ___________________

UNIT 6
THE FAVOURITE HOLIDAY
PREPOSITIONS
Draw an apple and a chair in the place according the meaning of each preposition
under
in On Behind
Next to In front of Below
Far from On the right
The…………………box.
The ball is……….…the box The……………………box.
The………… ……….. the

The apple is………….. the The ……………………. the
………
box box.
…………………………..
The chair………………… ……………………………….
PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE
A preposition describes a relationship between other words in a sentence. A preposition is
a word used to show the relationship of a noun to something else, usually a location in a
place or time.
The book is on the table. The book is beside the table.

She reads the book during class. John sits between Ann and Pedro.
The man stands

The climbers The man stand The man looks The man looked ………….…the
……………. the
walk …………. ……………… ………. the clock mouse and held
telescope in his
the mountain. the two enemies. ……….. the wall. the umbrella
hands.
………… it.

Jane's house Bill's house

Adolfo's house
>
Adolfo's house……. Jane's house is ,……………… Bill's house is…………..…adolfo's

...............Jane's house. .Adolfo's and Bill's house. house.
......................................... ........................................... ...................................................
Translate de preposition and complete in the sentence
above The picture hangs ……………………. my bed.
across You mustn't go ………………… this road here.

There isn't a bridge …………………... the river.
after The cat ran ………….. the dog. ………….. you.
against The bird flew …………………… the window.
along They're walking ……………………. the beach.
At the top The letter is ………..of the refrigerator
around We walk …………………….. the room
behind Our house is ………………..the supermarket.
below Death Valley is 86 meters ……………sea level.
beside Our house is…………………the supermarket.
between Our house is ……………….. the supermarket

and the school.
by He takes the basket ……………..the handles.
close to Our house is ………………. to the supermarket.
down He came ……………………….. the hill.
Far from Do you come …………………….Tokyo?
in front of Our house is …………………..the supermarket.
inside You shouldn't stay ………………….. the castle.
into You shouldn't go …………………. the castle.
near Our house is ……………… the supermarket.
next to Our house is ……………….. the supermarket.

off The girl jumped ……………..the car.
through You shouldn't walk ………………… the forest.
opposite Our house is…………………. the supermarket.
towards We run ………………………………the castle.
outside Can you wait ………………………..?
over The cat jump ……………………… the wall.
under The cat is ……………………………the table.
before We're sitting …………………….the campfire.
Translate. For. up, down, from, like, without, during.
PLACE
AT work …….the station ….. the airport ……… the post office
…. the supermarket …… the doctor‟s office …… the hairdresser ….. the party
…. football game- …….the bus-stop ……. the door ……at the cinema.
IN …….prison …..bed …….the hospital ….. the world …… the car

……. a taxi …… the middle of …a picture …… a room
On …… a bus ……a train …..a plane …… a boat

…… the first floor …….the way ……the way
Prepositions of time (at / on / in)
Use at for the time of day Use on for days and Use in for longer periods
(precise time): dates: (months/years…)
at 7 o´clock on Monday in January
at ( mediodia) on (el viernes in en el 2007
at (hora del almuerzo) on New Year's Eve in ENLA
at midnight on my birthday MAÑANA
at the moment on 17th January in (en verano)
at sunset.. etc. on Christmas Day in the 19th century
in (en el pasado,en el futuro)
AT (A time, a festival) ……..ten o‟ clock ………six thirty ……..Christmas

…….Easter ……..New Year Note: …….night
ON (A day, a date) ……….wednesday ………my birthday
……..the first of May …………the tenth of June

IN ( a year, a month, a century, a season, a time of day) …….. the morning
……. the Afternoon …the evening ………1987 ……….2010 …….February
…….July ………twentieth century …….summer ….. Winter
1. Recognize and Translate the prepositions and write them in the blank
The computer is on the left of the green box.………….......................................
The printer is on the right of the yellow box.………...............................................
The sun is in the top right hand corner of the picture. ……………………………
The lake is in the bottom left hand corner of the picture. …………………………
The post office is on the opposite side of the University. ………………………
The car is outside the garage. ……………………………………………………
The picture is above the sofa. …………………………………………………
READENG My favorite holidy
My favourite holiday in Bolivia is Bolivian Independence Day. We celebrate it on August

6. In the morning, my family prepares a barbecue. Our parents arrive in the afternoon. We
usually start to eat at about three o‟ clock. We always stay in our yard from about two o‟
clock to six o‟ clock p.m. Then in the evening we go to the principal square to see the
fireworks. This is an exciting time for all of us. We celebrate our nation‟s independence
and we have a lot of fun.
Recognize and underline the prepositions.
__________________ _________________
___________________ _________________
___________________ _________________
___________________ _________________

UNIT 7
THE MOST IMPORTANT SPORT IN THE

WORLD
ADJECTIVES
Todas las palabras escondidas en esta sopa de letras son adjetivos en castellano ¿Cuántas
son? ………………. Pueden estar escritas en forma horizontal, de derecha a izquierda de
izquierda a derecha, en forma vertical o en diagonal.
V B R S E D N A R G E E H G E
O D D M S O L T E R O O L A M
S E B O N I T A B B U E N O A
O S F U P W O Y U L C M N I B
R P L I W E Y S T Y A V B M U
G I O S F A B V L E N T O P R
I E J T Ñ Ñ R O P S S H E E R
L R O I N E S P E R A D O C I
E T R S T J V W Q Y D K H A D
P O M N R O T M U W O O Y B O
O F I C I E N T E Y C L J L N
B O L A R G O Y Ñ N I M N E E
R M N A M A R G O Y R M N R J
E H G M Z I L E F C A P A Z A
R S Á L U D A B L E J M L M N

AN ADJECTIVE describes a noun. It goes before the noun: Adjectives describe people,
colors, things, weather, and places
We buy a new computer
Sinónimos: Cuando dos palabras diferentes tienen el mismo significado son llamadas
palabras sinónimas. (Synonyms)
Large = big ==
Antónimos: Cuando dos palabras tienen significados opuestos son llamadas palabras
antónimas, opuestas o contrarias. (Antonyms)
Big < small
Translate the adjectives and write the opposite of them.
awake- despierto- =/=- Asleep Sleepy -dormido
beautiful-- =/=- -feo
big -- =/=- -pequeño
bored- aburrido -=/=- -alegre
disconnected-- =/=- -conectado
deep -- =/=- -superficial
dirty - sucio- =/=-- ________
expensive - =/=- -barato
far-- =/=- -cercano
-________ lento- =/=- -rápido
fat -- =/=- -flaco, delgado
full - lleno- =/=-- __________
glad - -=/=- -triste
_______ -=/=- bad- malo
happy -- =/=- -apenado
hard - -=/=- -blando
Hard- difícil =/= _________
healthy- Saludable, - =/=-- _________

heavy - -=/=- -liviano
high-- =/=- low ________
hot =/= cold ________
difficult-- =/= ________
fair =/= unfair _________
long =/= ________
Foolish =/= inteligente
Complex =/= simple _________
Little, small- -=/= large-- ________
________ rico- =/=- poor - _________
________ =/= -left - _________
rough -=/=- smooth - _________
safe- -=/=- dangerous - ________
same -=/= ________- _________
early -=/=- ________ -arde
single -=/=- - _______ ________
strong -=/=- weak - ________
tall =/=- ________ petiso
thick -=/=- _________ delgado
true =/=-- ________ falso
useful =/= -useless - inútil
warm =/=- _________
fresco,templado
wet -=/=- ________ seco
ancho -=/=-- _________ angosto
Young -=/=- ________- -viejo
Worried -=/=- Quiet- ______-

Los adjetivos en inglés normalmente van delante del nombre o sustantivo. Los adjetivos
nunca tienen plural.
Pronombre + verbo + artículo + adjetivo + sustantivo).
He buys a big house S________________
They buy big houses p_________________
Find the adjectives. Underline them.
The energy from the sun is called solar energy. …………………………
He has a special party in his house …………………………………
Engineers use a scientific method …………………………………..
It is a digital watch ……………………………
Write the adjective in the correct place
Rita has a book (interesting)…………………………………………………………..
The student doesn‟t know the teacher (young, old)………………………………….
The pictures have trees (big) (green)………………………………………………...
My husband and I buy houses (handsome, expensive)………………………………
Pablo and you sell a dog (small) ……………………………………………………
The doctor asks questions (tall, long)……………………………………………….
Andres talks to my son (strong)……………………………………………………..
Daniel understands the sentences (difficult)…………………………………………
1. Look at these pairs of words: Some of them are synonyms = they have the same
meaning. Some of the words are antonyms= they have opposite meanings. Write “S” if it
is synonym and “O” if it is antonym.
1. Consent agree ________________ 2. Large big _____________
3. Rich poor ________________ 4. Few many _____________
5. Funny amusing _________________ 6. Huge large ______________
7. Wide narrow __________________ 8. Long short ___________
9. Cheap expensive ______________ 10. Strong powerful __________
2. Put the words in the box into the correct column below.

Computer easy interesting data use monitor printed compression personal
technology calculator useful assistant calculate expensive reducible mouse hard
library print typist scanner read Cosmic possible heavy communicate narrow large
hungry thirsty printer hungry reduce compute blonde singer fair.
ADJECTIVE NOUN VERB
..………………… …………….......… ……………………..
…………………… …………..…......... ….…………………
...………………… ………….....…….. …………………….
...………………… ………….....……. ……….……………
3. Write these expressions in plural:
1. This interesting book ……………………2. A new minicomputer…………….
3. An attractive woman……………………….4. a proud man …….………………
5. An intelligent mouse………………………5. The fair hair…………..…………
4. Busca los sinónimos de verbos en las oraciones.
Your father repairs the useful computer, if he doesn‟t fix it soon, it could be useless
for your homework.________________________________________________
5. Busca los antónimos de adjetivos y verbos.
Pedro has a difficult work. His work begins with an easy task at seven o‟ clock and ends
with a hard task at twelve.__________________________________________
Reading
Everyone knows that it‟s important to eat well and get enough exercise. We see beautiful,
thin fashion models and want to look like them. They want to be thin. However, American
adults are overweight. What is the reason for this growing problem? First, lifestyle does
not include enough physical activity.
Another reason for the weight problem is the American diet. Most of these are for high
calorie foods, such as sweet cereals, sugary drinks, salty chips, and other snack foods.

1. Circle the pronouns
2. Separate verbs, nouns and adjectives from the reading.
VERBS NOUNS ADJECTIVES
COMPARATIVE
Los adjetivos describen y califican a los nombres o sustantivos ( NOUNS), pero también
se usan adjetivos para comparar personas, cosas animales, lugares. Este fenómeno lo
llamamos "comparación". La única vez que vemos cambios en la forma de los adjetivos es
con las comparaciones.
ADJETIVOS.- Cuenta cuantas silabas tiene cada adjetivo.
Funny amusing huge large Long short
Cheap expensive Strong powerful interesting practical
Comparativo de Diferencia). Cuando queremos mostrar la diferencia entre dos cosas,

lugares o personas, usamos la forma comparativa de los adjetivos. Para este tipo de
comparaciones usamos:
Si el adjetivo tiene una silaba: "adjetivo er + than" .adjetivo +.....................+ ………….
My computer is faster than yours.

1. Los adjetivos que ya terminan en e se aumenta solo la R
late_______________________white____________________nice_________________
2. Los adjetivos que terminen en una sola consonante y tienen una sola vocal, para formar
el comparativo, se duplica la ultima consonante.
Big________________________fat______________________ thin______________
Hot________________________sad______________________slim______________
Wet________________________red______________________
1. Si el adjetivo termina en y se cambia por i y se añade Er than
Pretty___________________ funny______________________angry______________
Easy____________________ heavy______________________lazy_______________
Salty____________________dry________________________dirty_______________
b. Si el adjetivo que estamos comparando tiene dos o más sílabas usamos:
"more + adjetivo + than" (…… + adjetivo +………).
My computer is more reliable than yours.

1 beautiful_________________________ 2 confortable_______________________
3 interesting_________________________ 4 readable _______________________
5 boring____________________________ 6 difficult__________________________
Comparativo de Inferioridad.
Es el tipo de comparación contrario al explicado anteriormente. Un nombre tiene la
característica que el adjetivo describe en un nivel inferior al del otro nombre. Usamos:
"less + adjetivo + than" (………….. + adjective + que).
My computer is less reliable than yours

Algunos adjetivos en inglés son irregulares cuando hacen de comparativos. Debemos de
aprenderlos de memoria. (Irregular )
Adjetivo Comparativo
bad (malo) Peor que
good (bueno) mejor
little (pequeño) menos
many (mucho) más
much (mucho) más
Far (lejos)
Comparativo de Igualdad.
Los dos nombres que estamos comparando comparten la característica que el adjetivo está
describiendo al mismo nivel. Para esta comparación usamos:
"as + adjetivo + as" (…….. + adjetivo + ………..).

I can learn English as fast as Tim.
1As ................................as 2 3
SUPERLATIVE
Cuando se quiere comparar un miembro de un grupo con todo el grupo, en su nivel más
alto o más bajo. Usamos el superlativo de los adjetivos. :
a.- Si el adjetivo tiene una sílaba entonces utilizamos
"the + adjetivo + est" (………………………………. + adjetivo).
My computer is the fastest
Bright .................................. deep ................................ dark .............................
Cool......................................... low ............................. poor..............................
Small...................................... Young................................. new.........................

1. Los adjetivos que ya terminan en e se aumenta solo ST
late_______________________white____________________nice_______________
2. Los adjetivos que terminan en una sola consonante y tienen una sola vocal, para formar
el superlativo, se duplica la última consonante.
Big________________________fat______________________ thin______________
Hot________________________sad______________________slim______________
Wet________________________red______________________
2. Si el adjetivo termina en y se cambia por i y se añade EST

3.
Pretty___________________ funny______________________angry______________
Easy____________________ heavy______________________lazy_______________
Salty____________________dry________________________dirty_______________
b.- Si el adjetivo tiene dos o más sílabas entonces utilizamos:
" the most + adjetivo" y "the least + adjetivo" para describir el nivel más bajo.
My computer is the most reliable. _______________________________________

My computer is the least fast _______________________________________
1 beautiful_________________________ 2 comfortable_______________________
3 interesting_________________________ 4 readable _______________________
5 boring____________________________ 6 difficult________________________1.
Algunos adjetivos en inglés son irregulares cuando hacen de Superlativos. Debemos de
aprenderlos de memoria.
Adjetivo Comparativo Superlativo

bad El peor
good EL mejor)
little El menos)
many El más)
much El mas)
A lot of El mas)
far

READING scanning)
Football is the most popular sport in the world. Football players are as well-known as rock
stars or actors. It is growing faster than any other sport. Beckham is probably the best
known football player in the world, although he is not the tallest or the strongest player. He
was voted the most valuable player many times. He is the most spectacular football player
of all time. Beckham‟s popularity with his fans brings him to the attention of advertisers.
He is richer than Pelé. He is paid a lot of money to have his name appear on sports
products and to appear in TV commercials. He is the highest paid athlete.
People believe that football is easier to play than baseball or basketball. Football in
Bolivia is becoming more popular than in Paraguay.
1. - Recognize the comparative and the superlative in the reading and separate them.
Adjective Comparative Superlative

UNIT 8
THERE ISN’T AGE TO LEARN.
THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE (NOW )
The present continuous tense
Las palabras están escritas en sentido contrario
¿Qué palabras son? ………………
kool…………………….tae………… wonk………………raeh…………
teg……………………. . .og………………… pots……………………….
esivda…………………. .yrc………………………. tih……………………
ward………………….. tiaw………………………. .netsil…………….
Separe los verbos
Acceptallowstayfix …………………………………………………………….
Arrive askbrushcry………………………………………………………………..
Plananswerappearadmit…………………………………………………………..
Borrowwait addachieve ……………………………………………………………
Present Progressive o Continuous en inglés :
It’s raining (Está lloviendo).
Esta forma verbal se utiliza a menudo para describir situaciones que tenemos delante de
nuestros ojos o que sabemos que se están desarollando mientras hablamos. Por lo tanto,
muy amenudo el Present Progressive está acompañado por adverbios o expresiones
adverbiales como : now, at the moment, at present, currently etc.

Now
El Present Progressive o Continuous es una forma verbal compuesta por el auxiliar TO BE,
conjugado en función del sujeto de la oración, y por la forma de participio presente del
verbo principal (V+ing).
Find the forms of the verb to be in the word square.
OSCAM PRESENT PAST

DWERE __________ __________
CADEF ___________ ___________
I S PON ___________
To form the present progressive tense, use a form of be (AM, IS, ARE) they are helping
verbs (auxiliaries)
Time expressions: now, right now, at the moment, later, in few minutes in some
minutes……….
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE CONTRACTION INTERROGATIVE
I am working I am not working I‟m not working Am I working?
You
He
She
It
We
You
they

1. He _______________________________
.
2. They______________________________bread.
3. He_______________________________________.
4. He__________________________________ a shower.
5. She______________________________ music.
6. They______________________________ the newspaper.

Subject be + verb + ing object
I ____________________ …………. in the class. (teach)

The student ______________...____ ______all the verbs of the book. (read)
Jack______________________________________ (play) en el parque
Those people______________________________________(talk) con mi papá
The engineer_____________________________________ (work) en la oficina
Clara and Ben__________________________________(think) estudiar Guaraní Form
To form the present continuous tense use the verb to be and the verb with ing.
1. - The verbs that end in e, drop the e and add ing
Take He………………. use I………………dance you……………….read
2. - . The verbs that end y keep the y and add ing
Study She…..…………. Play They ……………… fly It…………………..
3. - The verbs that end in one vowel and one consonant (stressed at the end) double the
consonant and add ing.
Plan we………………. Cut you………………… Swim He………………….
4. - Do not double w,x, and y
Snow it………………….. Fix they……………… say I……………………
Look……………………. Meet…………………… Know……………………………..
Hate…………………… Taste……………………….hear……………………………
Get……………………. . .go………………………… stop……………………….
Run………………………smile…………………….. .join……………………………
Advise…………………. .Cry………………………. Hit……………………………….
Draw………………….. Wait………………………. .Listen…………………………
1. Completa las frases con la forma correcta del participio presente de los verbos entre
paréntesis.
1. He is…………………………..(write) a letter.
2. They are……………………..(sit) down.
3. She is………………………..(swim) in the lake.

4. It is………………… ……….(begin) to rain5.
I´m……………………………(study)
Chinese this year.
6. She is…………………………(lie) on the beach.
7. It is…………………………. (get) dark sooner these days.
8. I´m………………………….(travel) to Perú this summer.
9. She is………………………(cut) some bread.
10 I am…………………………(see) the dentist next week.
2. Choose and write the correct form of the verb.

1. Charles________________________a good sandwich.
a. is eat b. is eating c. are eat
2. Jim……………………………….blue jeans and a yellow shirt.
a. Are wearing b. is wear c. is wearing
3. They ………………………..TV in the dining room.
a. Are watch b. is watching c. are watching
3. Change the affirmative sentences to negative and to questions..
………………………………………………………………….
……………………….……………………………………..…...
………………………………………………………………......
4.- Complete the sentences with the present continuous tense
The train …………………………………..at the moment (leave)
The wind …………………………………very hard now (blow, not)
I…………………………..to understand English grammar now (begin)
………….Jorge …………………..…for his English book now (look?)
My father (read) the newspaper now ………………………………………………

Manuel (swim ?) in the river at this moment………………………………………
The bus (stop) for us now…………………………………………………………
Gerunds are Nouns: We use a gerund as a subject
Translate the following sentences.

Learning English is important. _____________________________________
The reading is a way to learn ________________________________
Boys don‟t like the working. __________________________________
Finding a good job takes time______________________________
Who does the talking in your house? ______________________________________
Gerund after verb – Some verbs are followed by a gerund.

I like to go fishing in the summer
She goes ..........................................in winter (dance)
You should practice.............................questions (answer)
I don‟t enjoy ......................................during the summer (cook)
He recommends..................................warm clothes for the winter. (Take)
Gerund after prepositions I care about doing well on an interview
He plans on............................................to Cbba. (go) =
She is afraid of.......................................her job (lose) =
You are good at.......................................a summary (write) =
My brother dreams about ………………………….an engineer (become)
4. Complete with a gerund or infinitive form this role play. (Conversation)

A. What do you want .............................................tonight? (do)
B. I feel like..........................to a movie. (go)
A. It‟s not so bad............................ a white lie, is it? (tell)
B. I don‟t think ............................is ever right. (lie)
A. It isn‟t wrong.................................yourself (defend)
B. I think .......................you is the right thing to do if you have a good reason. (defend)

READING There isn´t age to learn
(Fill the blanks with the present progressive and simple present)
“After 25 years as an accountant, I ………………….. (take) computer classes now and

I…………………….(think) about a career in web design” says Pedro Lopez. He ………
discovering a new talent. He …………taking courses at an institute, because he has time
for himself now.
Some retirees …………..… (use) their free time to volunteer. Linda is a volunteer and she
helps students who …………having trouble with math as a math tutor in a public library
near her house. She says “It gives me a lot of satisfaction”.
Today many retirees …………. ………(Explore) many options, from relaxing to starting a
new business or making a hobby into a new career. Studying doesn‟t have age.
Oh! What is the doctor doing?

_______________________________________________

UNIT 9
SPARKY A FRIENDLY DOG ADVERBS
El Adverbio califica al verbo. Hay adverbios de:
Los adverbios en inglés se pueden clasificar en las siguientes categorías: Adverbios de

modo, adverbios de lugar, adverbios de tiempo, adverbios de duración, adverbios de
frecuencia, adverbios de orden, adverbios de grado, adverbios de certeza.
Adverbio de modo Responde a la pregunta How? Manner

well, better, fast, slowly, carefully, easily, …………………………….
Adverbio de lugar - Where? Time
here, there, above, everywhere, away,…………………………………..
Adverbio de tiempño - When? Place
now, early, late, soon, already, tomorrow, ………………………………
Adverbio de duracion - How long?
all week, for a while, since yesterday, ………………………………….
Adverbio de frecuencia - How often? FREQUENCY
always, never, often, once a day, …………………………………….
Adverbio de Orden - In what order?
firstly, secondly, lastly, finally,………………………………………..
Adverbio de Grado - To what degree?
To very, completely, greatly, extremely, …………………………………
Adverbio de Certeza - How sure?
certainly, indeed, of course, perhaps …………………………………..
Busca los diferentes adverbios en el internet
Adverbs of manner (El adverbio de modo responde a la pregunta how?) are often
formed by adding -ly to adjectives. (Note that some words that end in -ly, such as friendly
and lovely, are not adverbs, but adjectives.
slowly Jane drives slowly.
Adjective adverb
Slow slowly
Beautiful ....................
Smooth. .....................
aggressive. .......................

Here are some examples of adverbs which are the same as adjectives:
Adjective adverb
Fast fast
Late ......................
early …………….
friendly …………….
hard …………….
Adverbs of Manner
ADJECTIVES + LY = ADVERBS ADJECTIVES + LY = ADVERBS
1. Accidental accidentally 2. exact
3. Angry 4. Annual
5. Anxious 6. brave
7. Brief 8 bright
9. Busy 10. calm
11. Careful 12. cheerful
13. Clear 14. weak
15. Correct 16. cross
17. Cruel 18. day
19. Deliberate 20. easy
21. Elegant 22. enormous
23. Enthusiast 24. equal
25. Eventual 26. exact
27. Faithful 28. fatal
29. Foolish 30. fortunate

31. patient 32 cruel
33. Truthful 34. safe
36. quick 37. violent
38. Silent 39. steady
Los adverbios de lugar son: here, there, everywhere, around, across, below,
. EX. The party is going to take place there.
Los adverbios de tiempo son: today, tomorrow, yesterday, early, tonight soon,
already, now, then, in the morning etc.
Ex. I called him yesterday.
_________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Muestre a quien califica el adverbio subrayado y diga how, when , where la acción ocurre.
Read your book quickly ______________________________
I couldn´t find my car keys anywhere ________________________________
Tomorrow we are going to visit the museum.___________________________
Sit here and wait. __________________________________
We go swimming occasionally _______________________________________
He writes the vocabulary quietly ____________________________________
ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY. Los adverbios de frecuencia muestran las veces que se

repite la acción en un espacio de tiempo y son:
Always,100 %……………………..usually (generally),90 %…………………………
Often 75 %……………………..,…sometimes, (occasionally), 50%……………………
Seldom 25 % ………………… rarely10%…………..… never 0 %………..………

Dear Carmen,
I want to tell you something about my friend Andrea. She usually lives alone, but she has a
dog, Sparky. They are rarely separated. She is seldom bored when Sparky sleeps in bed
with her at night. She treats him like a child. She always carries a picture of Sparky in her
wallet. She often buys toys for him, especially on his birthday. She occasionally takes him
to a dog groomer in the morning. It opens daily at 8.00; the groomer gives him a bath and
generally cuts and paints his nails. She sometimes puts him in a pet hotel exactly when she
has to travel. She never leaves him with a friend.
That‟s all for today. I love you.
Sincerely
Rene
Recognize the frequency Adverb from the reading and copy the sentence from the reading.
Frequency Adverb. SENTENCES

100
90
90
75
50
50
25
10
0
adverbs
____________________________________________________________________
1. Los adverbios: always, usually (generally), often, sometimes,(occasionally), rarely,
seldom, never, se escriben : _____________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
He ………................... …… in the office. (be, never)
You.......................................with a computer (work , sometimes)
We have …………. . been in Paris.(often) They are.......……….working. (always
She………......................... … an exercise. (Write, usually)

UNIT 10
A BIG EXPLOSION PAST TENSE
Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time
in the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do
have one specific time in mind.
Examples:

I saw a movie yesterday.
2. Chose the correct verb to complete the sentences. Write in present and in the past.
BE PAY WORK LEARN
SUBJECT VERB COMPLEMENT

The students the irregular verbs.
The teacher in the laboratory.
The meeting at the library.
The office programmer the rent in our apartment.
Changes in the prices changes in production

Present tense Past
Today yesterday
This morning …………………………..
This afternoon ………………………….
This evening ………………………….
Tonight last night
This week ………………………….
This month ..........................................
This year ................................ ............
This spring .........................................
This Monday ..........................................
In five minutes .........................................
.............................. ...........................................
........................ Six months ago.

Write the forms of the verb TO BE in present tense. _______ ________ _______
In past tense __________ ____________
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE CONTRACTION INTERROGATIVE
I was I Was not I wasn‟t Was I?
You were
He was
She
It
We were
You
they
Present tense Past tense
I.................... a good student this year. . ________________________
Margaret .......... at the library tonight. _________________________________
The printers .........on the table this morning.______________________________
Tom..............in the park now __________________________
My sisters .................(neg) at the University. ______________________________
I…………….in the office _______________________________
Los verbos se clasifican en dos tipos: los verbos normales y los verbos auxiliares. Los
verbos normales pueden dividirse a su vez en verbos regulares y verbos irregulare
REGULAR VERBS
Los verbos regulares forman el pasado y el participio pasado añadiendo ed a la forma

básica:

INFINITIVE PRESENT PAST
To describe Yo ...............
to destroy I I Tú ............
to push You You Él .............
to disapprove He He Ella ............
shine She She Este ............
damage It It Nosotros................
permit We We Uds. ...............
try You You Ellos ...............
pray They They
I I I I
You You You You
He He He He
She She She She
It It It It
We We We We
You You You You
They They They They
INFINITIVO PASADO PARTICIPIO

To play / played / played /
1. Para formar el pasado de los verbos regulares se añade…………….. al verbo

Listen …………………………… visit………………………..
push ………………………….. Ask…………………………
Brush ……………………………. Book …………………………
2.- Si el verbo termina en e solo se añade -………………….

Smile …………………….. Erase……………………………
Challenge………………….. Change …………………………
Charge ……………………. Imagine………………………

3.- Si el verbo termina en una consonante, le antecede una sola vocal y el golpe de voz
esta al final se duplica la ultima consonante y se añade …………..
Stop………………………… rub……………………… admit……………...
Plan………………………… clip………………………….drop………………..
Pat………………………… Grab.………………………… permit……………
Prefer……………………… occur …………………… Mop......................
No se debe doblar los verbos que terminan en: x ---- w
Fix ……………………………… snow:………………………………
4.- Si el verbo temina en y sin vocal se cambia la y por i latina y se añade ………….
Study………………………………….. carry……………………………………
Reply………………………………….. deny………………………………….
5.- Cuando el verbo termina en y con vocal no cambia y se añade …………..
Play……………………………………. Enjoy…………………………………..
Pray………………………………….. disobey………………………………….
Change these verbs to the past
Pres. Past Pres. Past Pres. Past Pres. Past
Accept allow stay fix
Arrive ask brush cry
Plan answer appear admit
Borrow wait add achieve
laugh advise afford Mix
Attach attack attempt attend
Avoid count call carry
Challenge change charge check
Identify translate work clean

Clear clip close treat
Escape verify talk decide
Los verbos irregulares forman el pasado de manera irregular (de ahí su nombre) y No
añadiendo la desinencia 'ed'. No siguen ninguna estructura, por lo que debemos
aprenderlos de memoria.
INFINITIVO PASADO PARTICIPIO

forget = olvidar forgot =olvidé, olvidaba Forgotten = olvidado
IRREGULAR VERBS:
INFINITIVE PRESENT PAST
forget I I Yo ...............
read You You Tú ............
know He He Él .............
sing She She Ella ............
speak write It It Este ............
Think We We Nosotros................
Say You You Uds. ...............
eat They They Ellos ...............
I I I I
You You You You
He He He He
She She She She
It It It It
We We We We
You You You You
They They They They
More Irregular verbs past past
Traer.............................. ............................. Arreglar....................... …………

Comprar......................... ............................Agarrar........................ .......................
Enseñar........................... ….......... ………. conducir....................... …..................

1.- Find verbs in the past on page 35 (Click and Work in English)
REGULAR VERBS IRREGULAR VERBS
…… …………. ……….. …….. ………. ……………
…… …………. ……….. …….. ………. ……………
2.- CHANGE THESE AFIRMATIVE SENTENCES TO THE PAST
SUBJECT VERB OBJECT
Mr. Dawson learns to read. ………………………………………………

He signs his name with an X……………………
He has to work. --……………………………………………………………………
His teacher teaches him the alphabet ……………………………………………………
2. NEGATIVE SENTENCES
SUBJECT + DID + NOT + VERB + OBJECT
I did not (didn‟t ) wash the blouse
You……………………………………………………………. (traer)
Mary……………………………………………………………..( olvidar)
Tom ……………………………………………………………..(entender)
They………………………………………………………………(dibujar)
3. QUESTION IN THE PAST
DID + SUBJECT + VERB (base form) + OBJECT ?
Did he study in the university yesterday?
Yes, he studied in the university yesterday. (full answer)
Yes, he did. (short answer

Change to question these sentences. .
He taught Math yesterday ………………………………….…………………………
Mary studied English yesterday morning………………………………………………
We thought to travel last week……………………….…………………………………
They drank coffee last night .............................................................................................
WH word + DID + SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT? (What, who, when, where, which,
whose, how, how many, how much, why (because) how long, how
far?……………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
5. Write in the past (interrogative sentences with interrogative words) Full Answers.
2 affirmative and 2 negatives
Susan has a new car. Mary goes to class every day.
Louis hurts his hand The students work in the laboratory.

………………………………… ………………………………………………
………………………………… ………………………………………………
1. identify the main idea. (Skimming)
……………………………………………………………………………….
The universe is the result of a big explosion, a tremendous explosion, possibly with an
incredible noise a “ big bang”. This explosion expelled particles of matter in all directions
and enormous masses of gasses. Gravitational forces organized the particles and the gasses
into big celestial bodies. These big bodies acquired uniform circular movement. Initially,
our planet Earth was a mass of hot gasses, with no solid matter. After a long time, abundant
particles fell from space to the Earth. The planet became big and solid but it was very hot.
In more time, the planet became cold. It attracted water from space and after many years, it
was ready for life.
Finally after many more years, man appeared on the planet, as the product of God.
Skimming)……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Comprehension questions.
1. How did the universe originate?________________________________________
2. Was the Earth solid in its origin?________________________________________
3. How did the Earth become solid?_______________________________________
4. In its origin, was the Earth very hot or very cold?___________________________
5. In what time did life appear on Earth? ___________________________________
6 Is this story about something present or past?_______________________________
2. Separate the sentences in subject, verb, object.
SUBJECT VERB OBJECT

1. The universe is the result of a big explosion.
2.
3
4

UNIT 11
THE GUEST OF THE PARTY THE FUTURE
Hay dos maneras de expresar una acción futura: La forma más coloquial es usando:
Be “Going to…” (NEAR future) que significa: Yo voy a. La otra forma de futuro es
cuando el verbo es precedido por el auxiliary “will” (FAR future)
Affirmative Contraction Negative Contraction Question ?
I will buy I'll buy I will not buy I won‟t buy Will I buy?
you you
He He
she she
it it
we we we
you
they they
a) Auxiliary Will ____________________ [will + verb in base form]
Affirmative …….. You will help him later.
Negative ……….. You will not help him later. ………………………
Question ………….. Will you help him later?
He listens to the radio. _______________________________________
They are reading a book. _____________________________________
Pedro bought a new computer__________________________________
Tom was very friendly._______________________________________

She is in the class ______________________________________
b) Be Going To _________________ (am/is/are + going to + verb)
Affirmative Negative Question?

I am going to read I am not going to read Am I going to read?
you you
he
she
it
we we
you
they t
Affirmative……….. I’m going to meet Jane tonight.
Negative--------------You’re not going to meet Jane tomorrow afternoon.
Question……………Is he going to meet Luisa tomorrow?
He listens to the radio. (A)_______________________________________
They are reading a book.( N)_____________________________________
Pedro bought a new computer (I)__________________________________
Tom was very friendly. (A)_______________________________________
She is in the class (N) ______________________________________

Translate the future expression.
Mañana
Mañana por la mañana Tomorrow morning
Mañana por la tarde
Tomorrow night
Tomorrow at noon
La próxima vez
El próximo día
The next week
El próximo mes
The next year
The next winter (summer, fall, spring)
Pasado mañana
WILL for prediction. TEN YEARS FROM NOW: Answer the question
1. Will you be in the same house? ………………………………………………
2. Will you have a good job? ……………………………………………………
3 Will you have more money than now?.................................................................
4. Will you be married? ……………………………………………………………..
5. Will you have children? …………………………………………………………..
6. Will you speak English very well?............................................................................

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Universidad Autónoma “Gabriel René Moreno”

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA EN CIENCIAS

La oración está formada esencialmente por el sujeto y el predicado. El sujeto es la persona,

b) Remplace los sustantivos por los pronombres

My sister is a student. English and math are my favorite subject.

…………. is in Santa Cruz ………………are useful subjects

Elizabeth Claure Medrano 1

c) Separar las oraciones en S V O

ORACIONES IMPERATIVAS (Imperative Sentences)

Open your book ………….………… Look at your book …..……………

Encuentra el sujeto, el verbo, y el complemento de cada oración S V O

1. Computers help the students in the class. ………………………………….

2. The electric current works in a series of pulses………………………………

3. Does the new computer do all the calculations? ………………………………….

4. This is the control center of the computer……………………………………

5. Pedro and Carlos use a computer in the laboratory. ………………………..

6. Are the printer and the mouse on the table?……………………………………

Elizabeth Claure Medrano 2

8. The reading is necessary to learn. ………………………………………….

10. Copy the exercises right now. …………………………………………..

11. Cats and dogs are fighting on the street. …………………………………

¡A completar los verbos que faltan sin repetir ninguno!

Las plantas de orquídeas…………………aspectos curiosos e interesantes

Pero lo que más……………….la atención……….………….las FLORES.

Estas……………..…..……….las .más diversa .formas

Elizabeth Claure Medrano 3

Colores……………….brillantes e intensos, especialmente en las que

Se han……………………….unas dos mil especies de orquídeas hasta el

momento……………….en casi todas partes menos en la Antártida y en

Algunos de los DESIERTOS más áridos de Europa y Asia pero en las

zonas tropicales es donde se………………….las especies mas hermosas.

Solo se los usa en el sujeto de la oración

……………. ……………… ………………….

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Verbo en infinitivo. Verbo conjugado en SIMPLE PRESENT

Elizabeth Claure Medrano 4

El verbo es la parte más importante de la oración. El verbo expresa acción movimiento,

Identificar al verbo en estas oraciones

Carlos surfs the Internet every day. .........................................................

VERBS: 3rd PERSON

1.- Se añade una ………a todos los verbos en la tercera persona.

3. - Los verbos que terminan en y _____________________________________________

4.- Los verbos que terminan en y con vocal ____________________________________

Conjugar los siguientes verbos.

PRONOUN VERB PRONOUN VERB PRONOUN

Elizabeth Claure Medrano 5

Dividir estos verbos de acuerdo a la 3ra persona.

I ______ I ________ I ____________ I_____________

Elizabeth Claure Medrano 6

1.- Completar las oraciones Tenga cuidado de la 3ra persona

The engineer ..........................in the petroleum camp ( to work)

3. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb.

7. Ann and Tom ………………………French (Speak)

Elizabeth Claure Medrano 7

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.

he………………..(gustan) different animals.

(gusta) a little pet? Don‟t ………...(comprar) a pet if you don‟t………..…(.quieres)to

take care of him

Elizabeth Claure Medrano 8

GIVE LOVE TRAVEL SLEEP WALK BUY COST

Se usa DOESN’T con = HE, SHE, IT

I do not write an exercise He does not copy the lesson

1 – Completar la oraciones negativas S +AUX+NOT + VERB

I I I I_______

DEFINITE ARTICLE: THE ________ Plural_

INDEFINITE ARTICLE: A __AN Plural

1. Sandra is doctor. 2_engineer‟s name is Felix Perez.