Documentos de Académico
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Asignatura: Estadística
Sección: 01, Aula Virtual
Docente: Ing. Guillermo Guzmán Guillen
Alumnos: Carnet:
Amaya Pérez, Manuel Enrique 54-4859-2000
Flores Delgado, Andrea Jazmín 02-3720-2018
Guerrero Guzmán, Karla Beatriz 53-1419-2019
Henríquez Torres, Efraín José 03-1419-2008
Morales Villacorta, Sabrina del Rocío 03-1208-2019
Soriano Guardado, Ricardo Alberto 03-5550-2018
PARTE 1
Conteste lo que se le pide a continuación:
1. Proponga 3 ejemplos de población, muestra y elemento.
Ejemplos de población:
Conjunto de los 100.000 primeros números naturales.
Libros de la Biblioteca Nacional.
Conjunto de puntos de un círculo.
Ejemplos de muestra:
Productos a prueba: Cualquier empresa que elabore productos de manera
masiva suele seleccionar una pequeña muestra a la que somete pruebas para
asegurar la calidad de la fabricación.
En el conjunto de puntos de un círculo, los que determinan un ángulo de un
número exacto de grados con uno fijo.
Enfermeras: Dentro de la población de un hospital, se puede tomar solamente
la muestra de aquellos que ejerzan como enfermeras.
Ejemplos de elemento:
Volumen de venta: Si a un comerciante le interesa el volumen de ventas semanal
de su empresa durante el último año, las unidades son cada una de las semanas
de ese año.
Aspirantes a una plaza: Si se evalúa la memoria de los aspirantes a un puesto de
mesero en el restaurante X, las unidades son cada uno de los aspirantes.
Deserción escolar: Si se estudia el fenómeno de deserción escolar de las escuelas
primarias públicas de la escuela Santa Lucia, las unidades son cada una de las
escuelas de dicha región.
c) Peso de 5 amigos.
Variable cualitativa nominal.
Variable cuantitativa ordinal.
Variable cuantitativa discreta.
Variable cuantitativa continua.
(𝑧)2 (𝑝)(𝑞)(𝑁)
𝑛=
(𝐸)2 (𝑁−1)+ (𝑧)2 (𝑝)(𝑞)
(2.17)2 (0.50)(0.50)(7500)
𝑛=
(0.05)2 (7500−1)+ (2.17)2 (0.50)(0.50)
8,829.1875
𝑛=
18.7475+ 1.177225
8,829.1875
𝑛=
19.924725
𝑛 = 443.13
𝒏 = 𝟒𝟒𝟑
Porcentaje= 5.91%
2.5 0.49379 0.49396 0.49413 0.49430 0.49446 0.49461 0.49477 0.49492 0.49506 0.49520
DATOS:
Z = 2.57
N = 3,500
p = 0.5
q = 0.5
E = 0.05
Formula a utilizar:
(𝑧)2 (𝑝)(𝑞)(𝑁)
𝑛=
(𝐸)2 (𝑁 − 1) + (𝑧)2 (𝑝)(𝑞)
(2.57)2 (0.5)(0.5)(3,500)
𝑛=
(0.05)2 (3,500 − 1) + (2.57)2 (0.5)(0.5)
5779.2875
𝑛=
(8.7475) + (1.651225)
5779.2875
𝑛=
10.398725
𝑛 = 555.765 = 𝟓𝟓𝟔
La muestra para una población de 3,500 tiene que ser de 556 personas
PARTE 2
Desarrolle cada uno los ejercicios sustituyendo los datos que le corresponden según
el número de fila.
No. De Fila N E C P Q
1 500 3 89 40 60
2 4050 4 90 45 55
3 300 5 91 55 45
4 2140 6 92 60 40
5 104 7 93 65 35
6 1530 3 94 70 30
7 3500 4 95 75 25
8 6070 5 96 80 20
9 4565 6 97 85 15
10 552 7 98 90 10
Respuestas
No. Fila 1) n= 2) n= 3) n= 4) n=
1 294 711 289 683
2 381 420 377 416
3 147 289 147 286
4 194 213 186 204
5 64 167 62 152
6 598 982 536 825
7 513 600 399 450
8 393 420 258 269
9 305 327 161 167
10 185 277 85 100
Desarrollo:
Valores para Z:
Valor más
Probabilidad para Valores
cercano en
No. Fila C buscar "z" en la tabla para "z"
tabla para z
0.89
1 = 0.44500
2 0.44520 1.60
90 0.90
2 = 0.45000
2 0.44950 1.64
91 0.91
3 = 0.45500
2 0.45543 1.70
92 0.92
4 = 0.46000 0.45994 1.75
2
93 0.93
5 = 0.46500
2 0.46485 1.81
94 0.94
6 = 0.47000
2 0.46995 1.88
95 0.95
7 = 0.47500
2 0.47500 1.96
96 0.96
8 = 0.48000 0.47982 2.05
2
97 0.97
9 = 0.48500
2 0.48500 2.17
98 0.99
10 = 0.49000
2 0.4901 2.33
(𝒛)𝟐 (𝒑)(𝒒)(𝑵)
𝒏=
(𝑬)𝟐 (𝑵 − 𝟏) + (𝒛)𝟐 (𝒑)(𝒒)
Fila 1
Z = 1.60
N= 500
e= 0.03
p= 0.50
q= 0.50
(1.60)2 (0.5)(0.5)(500) 320
𝑛 = (0.03)2(500−1)+(1.60)2 = = 293.82 ≅ 𝟐𝟗𝟒
(0.5)(0.5) 0.4491+0.64
Fila 2
Z = 1.64
N= 4050
e= 0.04
p= 0.50
q= 0.50
(1.64)2 (0.5)(0.5)(4050) 2,723.22
𝑛 = (0.04)2(4050−1)+(1.64)2 = = 380.827 ≅ 𝟑𝟖𝟏
(0.5)(0.5) 6.4784+0.6724
Fila 3
Z = 1.7
N= 300
e= 0.05
p= 0.50
q= 0.50
(1.70)2 (0.5)(0.5)(300) 216.75
𝑛 = (0.05)2 (300−1)+(1.70)2 (0.5)(0.5) = = 147.448 ≅ 𝟏𝟒𝟕
0.7475+0.7225
Fila 4
Z = 1.75
N= 2140
e= 0.06
p= 0.50
q= 0.50
(𝟏.𝟕𝟓)2 (0.5)(0.5)(2140) 1,638.4375
𝑛 = (0.06)2 (2140−1)+(1.75)2 (0.5)(0.5) = = 193.530 ≅ 𝟏𝟗𝟑
7.7004+0.765625
Fila 5
Z = 1.81
N= 104
e= 0.07
p= 0.50
q= 0.50
(𝟏.𝟖𝟏)2 (0.5)(0.5)(104) 85.1786
𝑛 = (0.07)2 (104−1)+(𝟏.𝟖𝟏)2 (0.5)(0.5) = = 64.347 ≅ 𝟔𝟒
0.5047+0.819025
Fila 6
Z = 1.88
N= 1530
e= 0.03
p= 0.50
q= 0.50
(𝟏.𝟖𝟖)2 (0.5)(0.5)(1530) 1,351.908
𝑛 = (0.03)2 (1530−1)+(𝟏.𝟖𝟖)2 (0.5)(0.5) = = 598.268 ≅ 𝟓𝟗𝟖
1.3761+0.8836
Fila 7
Z = 1.96
N= 3500
e= 0.04
p= 0.50
q= 0.50
(𝟏.𝟗𝟔)2 (0.5)(0.5)(3500) 3,361.4
𝑛 = (0.04)2 (3500−1)+(𝟏.𝟗𝟔)2 (0.5)(0.5) = = 512.502 ≅ 𝟓𝟏𝟐
5.5984+0.9604
Fila 8
Z = 2.05
N= 6070
e= 0.05
p= 0.50
q= 0.50
Fila 9
Z = 2.17
N= 4565
e= 0.06
p= 0.50
q= 0.50
(𝟐.𝟏𝟕)2 (0.5)(0.5)(4565) 5,374.032125
𝑛 = (0.06)2 (4565−1)+(𝟐.𝟏𝟕)2 (0.5)(0.5) = = 305.210 ≅ 𝟑𝟎𝟓
16.4304+1.177225
Fila 10
Z = 2.33
N= 552
e= 0.07
p= 0.50
q= 0.50
(𝟐.𝟑𝟑)2 (0.5)(0.5)(552) 749.1882
𝑛 = (0.07)2 (552−1)+(𝟐.𝟑𝟑)2 (0.5)(0.5) = = 184.659 ≅ 𝟏𝟖𝟒
2.6999+1.357225
2. Calcule el tamaño de la muestra con un error de muestreo del [E]% y nivel de
confianza del [C]%.
(𝑍)2 (𝑝) (𝑞)
𝑛=
𝐸2
Fila 1
e = 3% = 0.03
Z = 1.60
p = 50%
q = 50%
Fila 2
e = 4% = 0.04
Z = 1.64
p = 50%
q = 50%
(1.64)2 (0.5)(0.5) 0.6724
𝑛= 2
= = 420.25 𝒏 = 𝟒𝟐𝟎
0.04 0.042
Fila 3
e = 5% = 0.05
Z = 1.70
p = 50%
q = 50%
(1.70)2 (0.5) (0.5) 0.7225
𝑛= 2
= = 289.00 𝒏 = 𝟐𝟖𝟗
0.05 0.052
Fila 4
e = 6% = 0.06
Z = 1.75
p = 50%
q = 50%
(1.75)2 (0.5) (0.5) 0.7656
𝑛= 2
= = 212.67 𝒏 ≅ 𝟐𝟏𝟑
0.06 0.062
Fila5
e = 7% = 0.07
Z = 1.81
p = 50%
q = 50%
(1.81)2 (0.5) (0.5) 0.8190
𝑛= 2
= = 167.14 𝒏 = 𝟏𝟔𝟕
0.07 0.072
Fila 6
e = 3% = 0.03
Z = 1.88
p = 50%
q = 50%
(1.88)2 (0.5) (0.5) 0.8836
𝑛= 2
= = 981.78 𝒏 ≅ 𝟗𝟖𝟐
0.03 0.032
Fila 7
e = 4% = 0.04
Z = 1.96
p = 50%
q = 50%
(1.96)2 (0.5) (0.5) 0.9604
𝑛= 2
= = 600.25 𝒏 = 𝟔𝟎𝟎
0.04 0.042
Fila 8
e = 5% = 0.05
Z = 2.05
p = 50%
q = 50%
(2.05)2 (0.5) (0.5) 1.0506
𝑛= 2
= = 420.25 𝒏 = 𝟒𝟐𝟎
0.05 0.052
Fila 9
e = 6% = 0.06
Z = 2.17
p = 50%
q = 50%
(2.17)2 (0.5) (0.5) 1.1772
𝑛= = = 327 𝒏 = 𝟑𝟐𝟕
0.062 0.062
Fila 10
e = 7% = 0.07
Z = 2.33
p = 50%
q = 50%
(2.33)2 (0.5) (0.5) 1.3572
𝑛= 2
= = 276.98 𝐧 ≅ 𝟐𝟕𝟕
0.07 0.072
(𝒛)𝟐 (𝒑)(𝒒)(𝑵)
𝒏=
(𝑬)𝟐 (𝑵 − 𝟏) + (𝒛)𝟐 (𝒑)(𝒒)
Fila 1
Z = 1.60
N= 500
e= 0.03
p= 40 = 0.4
q= 60 = 0.6
(1.60)2 (0.4)(0.6)(500) 307.20
𝑛 = (0.03)2(500−1)+(1.60)2 = = 288.86 ≅ 𝟐𝟖𝟗
(0.4)(0.6) 0.4491+0.6144
Fila 2
Z = 1.64
N= 4050
e= 0.04
p= 45 = 0.45
q= 55 = 0.55
(1.64)2 (0.45)(0.55)(4050) 2,695.99
𝑛 = (0.04)2(4050−1)+(1.64)2 = = 377.37 ≅ 𝟑𝟕𝟕
(0.45)(0.55) 6.4784+0.6657
Fila 3
Z = 1.7
N= 300
E= 0.05
C= 91% = 0.91
p= 55 = 0.55
q= 45 = 0.45
(1.7)2 (0.55)(0.45)(300) 214.5825
𝑛= = = 146.69 ≅ 𝟏𝟒𝟕
(0.05)2 (300 − 1) + (1.7)2 (0.55)(0.45) 0.7475 + 0.715275
Fila 4
Z = 1.75
N= 2140
E= 0.06
C= 92% = 0.92
p= 60 = 0.60
q= 40 = 0.40
(1.75)2 (0.60)(0.40)(2140) 1572.9
𝑛= 2 2
= = 186.46 ≅ 𝟏𝟖𝟔
(0.06) (2140 − 1) + (1.75) (0.60)(0.40) 7.7004 + 0.735
Fila 5
Z = 1.81
N= 104
E= 0.07
C= 93% = 0.93
p= 65 = 0.65
q= 35 = 0.35
(1.81)2 (0.65)(0.35)(104) 77.512
𝑛= 2 2
= = 62.009 ≅ 𝟔𝟐
(0.07) (104 − 1) + (1.81) (0.65)(0.35) 0.5047 + 0.7453
Fila 6
Z = 1.88
N= 1530
E= 0.03
C= 94% = 0.94
p= 70 = 0.70
q= 30 = 0.30
(1.88)2 (0.70)(0.30)(1530) 1,135.60
𝑛= 2 2
= = 536.08 ≅ 𝟓𝟑𝟔
(0.03) (1530 − 1) + (1.88) (0.70)(0.30) 1.3761 + 0.7422
Fila 7
Z = 1.96
N= 3500
E= 0.04
C= 95% = 0.95
p= 75 = 0.75
q= 25 = 0.25
(1.96)2 (0.75)(0.25)(3500) 2521.05
𝑛= 2 2
= = 398.98 ≅ 𝟑𝟗𝟗
(0.04) (3500 − 1) + (1.96) (0.75)(0.25) 5.5984 + 0.7203
Fila 8
Z = 2.05
N= 6070
E= 0.05
C= 96% = 0.96
p= 80 = 0.80
q= 20 = 0.20
Fila 9
Z = 2.17
N= 4565
E= 0.06
C= 97% = 0.97
p= 85 = 0.85
q= 15 = 0.15
Fila 10
Z = 2.33
N= 552
E= 0.07
C= 98% = 0.98
p= 90 = 0.90
q= 10 = 0.10
Fila 2
E= 4% = 0.04
p=45% =0.45
q=55% =0.55
z= 1.64
(1.64)2 (0.45)(0.55) 0.66567
𝑛= = = 416.0475 ≅ 𝟒𝟏𝟔
(0.04)2 0.0016
Fila 3
E= 5% = 0.05
p=55% =0.55
q=45% =0.45
z= 1.7
(1.7)2 (0.55)(0.45) 0.71527
𝑛= = = 286.108 ≅ 𝟐𝟖𝟔
(0.05)2 0.0025
Fila 4
E= 6% = 0.06
p=60% =0.6
q=40% =0.4
z= 1.75
(1.75)2 (0.6)(0.4) 0.735
𝑛= = 0.0036 = 204.167 ≅ 𝟐𝟎4
(0.06)2
Fila 5
E= 7% = 0.07
p=65% =0.65
q=35% =0.35
z= 1.81
(1.81)2 (0.65)(0.35) 0.74531
𝑛= = = 152.105 ≅ 𝟏𝟓𝟐
(0.07)2 0.0049
Fila 6
E= 3% = 0.03
p=70% =0.7
q=30% =0.3
z= 1.88
(1.88)2 (0.7)(0.3) 0.74222
𝑛= = = 824.693 ≅ 𝟖𝟐𝟓
(0.03)2 0.0009
Fila 7
E= 4% = 0.04
p=75% =0.75
q=25% =0.25
z= 1.96
(1.96)2 (0.75)(0.25) 0.7203
𝑛= = 0.0016 = 450.187 ≅ 𝟒𝟓𝟎
(0.04)2
Fila 8
E= 5% = 0.05
p=80% =0.8
q=20% =0.2
z= 2.05
(2.05)2 (0.8)(0.2) 0.6724
𝑛= = 0.0025 = 268.96 ≅ 𝟐𝟔𝟗
(0.05)2
Fila 9
E= 6% = 0.06
p=85% =0.85
q=15% =0.15
z= 2.17
(2.17)2 (0.85)(0.15) 0.60038
𝑛= = = 166.77 ≅ 𝟏𝟔𝟕
(0.06)2 0.0036
Fila 10
E= 7% = 0.07
p=90% =0.90
q=10% =0.10
z= 2.33
(2.33)2 (0.9)(0.10) 0.4886
𝑛= = 0.0049 = 99.71 ≅ 𝟏𝟎𝟎
(0.07)2
Reto propuesto: siguiendo el formato de respuestas elabore en Excel la tabla para que
calcule automáticamente el tamaño de la muestra.