Nutrición enteral

Camila Calderón-Nicole Cáceres

Tutora: Jessica Hermosilla
Fecha de presentación 14.04.2022
Contenidos
● ¿Qué vías de administración existen?
● ¿Qué métodos de infusión conoce?
● ¿Qué tipos de bombas infusión conoce?
● ¿Qué son las sondas y cuales las bajadas?
● ¿Qué son los french de las sondas?
● ¿Para que son los distintos french?
● ¿Qué son las fórmulas poliméricas, semi hidrolizadas y extensamente hidrolizadas?
● Indique diferencias y semejanzas de las fórmulas anteriores.
● Mencione y de ejemplos de 3 fórmulas poliméricas, 3 semi hidrolizada y 3 extensamente hidrolizada.
● Indique el DMC y dilución de las fórmulas anteriores señalando además cuantos gramos hace cada medida
específica.
● Indique 3 formulas especiales DMC, dilución y como se presentan los nutrientes.
● indique a que se refiere con la medición de residuo gástrico y para qué sirve.
● indique a que se refiere con la medición de vaciamiento gástrico y para qué sirve.
● describa ambos procedimientos.
● indique los cuidados de enfermería de una GTT
● indique a que se refiere que una GTT filtre.
● indique a que se refiere con descomprimir a un paciente distendido a través de la GTT.
● indique a que se refiere con los barridos.
● De un volumen y velocidad dado por bic, pásese a gotas por minutas por infusión a gravedad.
Introducción

•La N.E es la técnica de soporte

nutricional por la cual se introducen
los nutrientes directamente al
aparato digestivo, cuando éste es
anatómica y funcionalmente útil,
pero existe alguna dificultad para la
normal ingestión de alimentos por
boca
Objetivo de la NE:
● Aportar nutrientes como fuente de energía.

● Permitir el uso de inmunonutrientes y conservar o reparar la integridad de la mucosa

intestinal.

● Disminuir las complicaciones infecciosas y la estadía en la unidad de cuidados

intensivos,
¿Qué vías de administración existen?
¿Qué método de infusión conoce?
¿Qué son las sondas y cuales las bajadas?
¿Qué son los french de las sondas?
 ¿Qué son las fórmulas poliméricas, semi hidrolizadas y
extensamente hidrolizadas?
Formulas Poliméricas:

❖ Ensure ❖ Fresubin Original ❖ Nat100 Diabético

100 g → 428 kcal 1000 ml→ 1000 kcal 100g→ 513 kcal
15,9 g prot 38g prot 9,8g prot
4g lip 34g lip 26 lip
57,4g cho 138g cho 59,9g cho

(medida → 8,96g) (presentación 500ml/1000ml) (medida → 20 g)

(Dilución →23,4%) (Dilución →20%)

 ¿Qué son las fórmulas poliméricas, semi hidrolizadas y extensamente hidrolizadas?

Semi hidrolizadas:

❖ Nan HA ❖ S-26 HA gold ❖ Miltina HA

100g → 428 kcal 100g→ 515 kcal 100g → 492 kcal

15,9g prot 10,24g prot 13,4g prot
14g lip 28,8g lip 24,3g lip
57,4g cho 54g cho 54,1 g cho
(medida → 4,3g) (medida → 4,6g)
(medida → 4,4g)
(Dilución →14,3%) (Dilución →13,8%)
(Dilución →13,1%)
 ¿Qué son las fórmulas poliméricas, semi hidrolizadas y extensamente hidrolizadas?

Extensamente hidrolizadas:

❖ Altera ❖ Nutrilon Pepti Junior ❖ Humana AT1

100 g→ 506 kcal 100 g → 515 kcal 100g → 493 kcal

12,5 g prot 14g prot 13g prot
26 g lip 27,3g lip 26g lip
55,5g cho 53,4g cho 53g cho
(medida → 4,4g) (medida → 4,3g) (medida → 4,7g)

(Dilución →13,2%) (Dilución →12,8%) (Dilución →14%)

 Indique 3 fórmulas especiales DMC, dilución y como se presentan los
nutrientes.

*
Nutriente por 100 gr de polvo por 100 KCal

Energía 495 100

Proteína equivalente 17,3 3,5

Grasas 23.5 4,7

Carbohidratos 54 10,9

**Dilución: según indicación del profesional de la salud

Indique 3 fórmulas especiales DMC, dilución y como se presentan los
nutrientes.

Nutriente por 100 gr de polvo por 100 ml

14,8%

Energía 703 100

Proteína 14,4 2

Grasas 69,2 9,8

Carbohidratos 2,9 0,41

*

**Dilución14,8%
Indique 3 fórmulas especiales DMC, dilución y como se presentan los
nutrientes.

Nutriente 100 gr 100 ml

Energia 444 74,6

Prot 12,9 2,2

Lip 12,9 2,2

Cho 69,1 11,6

Diución: 17.5%
Indique a que se refiere con la medición de residuo gástrico y
para qué sirve.
Indique los cuidados de enfermería de una GTT

★ Cuidado del estoma:

-Limpiar la piel que rodea el estoma con agua y jabón de forma suave.
-Secar con una gasa limpia dando golpecitos.
-Aplicar antiséptico.
-Limpiar la sonda desde dentro hacia fuera
-Vigilar si hay pérdida de alimentos o jugo gástrico.
-Fijar la parte exterior de la sonda a la pared abdominal con cinta
hipoalérgica.
-Comprobar cuando no se utilice la sonda que tenga puesto el tapón.
-Nunca utilizar objetos metálicos para pinzarla.

★ Revisión de pérdidas (fluido)

Indique a que se refiere con descomprimir a un paciente distendido a través de la
GTT.
Indique a que se refiere con los barridos
 De un volumen y velocidad dado por bic, páselos a gotas por minutas por
infusión a gravedad.

-Se tiene una fórmula Pediasure de 1500ml que debe pasar en un día, es
decir que tiene una velocidad de infusión de 62,5ml/hora.

gotas/min= 1500/(24x3) = 20,83 → 21 gotas por minuto

Ejemplo de dilución
Ejercicio N°1:
AE por SNG infantrini 22% + Nessucar 3% +MCT 1,5%, en bolos de 150 ml x 6 veces:
Volumen total: 150cc x 6= 900 ml
● Infantrini 22%:
100 ml → 22 gr
900 ml → x gr X= 198 gr de polvo → 33gr cada vez
● Nessucar:
100 ml → 3 gr
900 ml → x gr X= 27 gr de polvo
● MCT:
● 100 ml → 1,5 gr
900 ml → x gr X= 13,5 ml
 Conclusión

La nutrición enteral nos permite entregar los nutrientes necesarios bajo ciertas
condiciones, es la mejor opción cuando tenemos funcionante el tubo digestivo, por lo
cual después de la vía oral debe ser nuestra opción, es importante tener en
consideración el tiempo en que esta será utilizada.

Así como el tipo de infusión a utilizar, estar atentos a posibles complicaciones.

Es importante educar a padres, cuidadores o de la persona responsable en el caso de

la alimentación por GTT, sobre condiciones asépticas, tiempo de administración,
permeabilización.
“This is a quote, words full of wisdom
that someone important said and can
make the reader get inspired.”

—Someone Famous
 3
Homework
You can enter a subtitle here if you need it
 Learning methods

Mercury Mars Venus

It’s the closest planet to Despite being red, Mars Venus has a beautiful
the Sun and the smallest is actually a cold place. name and is the second
in the Solar System It’s full of iron oxide dust planet from the Sun
A picture is worth
a thousand words
 Class structure

Theory Compositions
Saturn is a gas giant and Despite being red, Mars
has several rings is a cold place

Exercises Activities
Jupiter is the biggest Venus is the second
planet of them all planet from the Sun
 Academic areas

Mercury Mars Neptune

It’s the closest planet Mars is actually a very It’s the farthest planet
to the Sun cold place from the Sun

Venus Saturn Jupiter

Venus is the second It’s composed of Jupiter is the biggest
planet from the Sun hydrogen and helium planet of them all
 Educational infographics

Mars Jupiter
It’s actually a cold place, Jupiter is a gas giant
full of iron oxide dust and the biggest planet

Saturn Venus
It's composed mostly of Venus is the second
hydrogen and helium planet from the Sun
 Study organization
Earth

Mars Saturn Ceres

It’s actually a cold place, It's composed mostly of Ceres is located in the
full of iron oxide dust hydrogen and helium main asteroid belt
898,178
Big numbers catch your audience’s attention
 Graduation process

It’s the biggest planet in It’s the star at the center

the Solar System of the Solar System

Jupiter Sun

Mars Saturn
It’s actually a cold place, Saturn is a gas giant
full of iron oxide dust and has several rings
 Learn with a map
Sun
The Sun is the star at the
center of the Solar System

Neptune
It's the fourth-largest
planet by diameter

Saturn
Saturn is composed of
hydrogen and helium
 Favorite subjects
Maths
19% Despite being red, Mars is
a very cold place

Literature
43% Jupiter is the biggest
planet of them all

History
38% Saturn is a gas giant and
Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then has several rings
paste the new one here. For more info, click here.
4 Organizers
You can enter a subtitle here if you need it
 Your homework is important!

Subject Homework Date

Saturn is a gas giant composed
Math mostly of hydrogen and helium
3/11

Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest

Literature planet in the Solar System
25/11

Neptune is the fourth-largest planet

Music by diameter in the Solar System
3/11

Venus has a beautiful name and is

Geography the second planet from the Sun
16/11
 Don't forget for tomorrow

To do list Priorities
Read new book 1 Venus is the second planet from the Sun

Translate the essay 2 Earth is the third planet from the Sun
Study for the exam
3 Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place
Do math exercises

Complete the poem

Notes
Note new vocabulary ● Saturn is a gas giant and has several rings
 Materials for tomorrow

Thursday, December 2, 2021

Subject Material
Music The music notebook and the flute

Geography Maps of Europe and Asia

Maths Calculator and compass

Biology The homework of the human body

 Weekly planner
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
Pluto is now Ceres is located Jupiter is a gas Venus is terribly Despite being
considered a in the main giant and the hot, even hotter red, Mars is a
dwarf planet asteroid belt biggest planet than Mercury cold place

Neptune is the The Sun is the Saturn is a gas Earth is the Mercury is the
farthest planet closest star to giant and has planet where we closest planet
from the Sun planet Earth several rings all live on to the Sun

● Mercury’s name has nothing to do with the liquid metal

Notes ● Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only one that harbors life
 Monthly planner

November
Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri
Exams
Mercury is the closest
1 2 3 4 5 planet to the Sun and
the smallest of them all
8 9 10 11 12

15 16 17 18 19
Homework
22 23 24 25 26 Jupiter is a gas giant
and the biggest planet in
29 30 the Solar System
 Yearly planner
January February March April
M Tu W Th F Sa Su M Tu W Th F Sa Su M Tu W Th F Sa Su M Tu W Th F Sa Su
    1 2 3  1 2  3 4 5 6 7 1  2 3 4 5 6 7     1 2 3 4
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
25 26 27 28 29 30  31      29 30 31     26 27 28 29 30    
             

May June July August

M Tu W Th F Sa Su M Tu W Th F Sa Su M Tu W Th F Sa Su M Tu W Th F Sa Su
    1 2    1 2 3 4 5 6     1 2 3 4   1
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 2 3  4 5 6 7 8
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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24 25 26 27 28 29  30  28 29 30     26 27 28 29 30 31    23 24 25 26 27 28 29
31                  30  31           

September October November December

M Tu W Th F Sa Su M Tu W Th F Sa Su M Tu W Th F Sa Su M Tu W Th F Sa Su
    1 2 3 4 5     1 2 3  1 2  3 4 5 6 7     1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
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              31                           
 9h 55m 23s
Jupiter’s rotation period

333,000.000
The Sun’s mass compared to Earth’s

386,000 km
Distance between Earth and the Moon
 Knowledge test

Question Saturn Venus Mars Jupiter

Which is the biggest planet of them all?

Which planet is the ringed one?

Which is the second planet from the Sun?

Which one is the fourth-brightest planet?

Which planet is full of iron oxide dust?

Which planet has a poisonous atmosphere?

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