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Algebra lineal
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Que es la vibración:
Cualquier movimiento que se repite después de un intervalo de tiempo se llama vibración u
oscilación, la teoría de la vibración tiene que ver con el estudio de los movimientos oscilatorios de los
cuerpos y las fuerzas asociadas con ellos, un sistema de vibración consta de un medio para almacenar
energía , la vibra cuón de un sistema implica la transformación de su energía potencia en energía
cinética y de esta ene energía potencial de materia alterna, si el sistema amortigua una parte de su
energía se disipa en cada ciclo de vibración y se le debe reemplazara por una fuerte externa para que
mantenga un estado de vibración estable
es la variación o cambio de configuración de un sistema en relación al tiempo, en torno a una posición
de equilibrio estable, su característica fundamental es que es periódico, siendo frecuente el
movimiento armónico simple, por lo que este movimiento adquiere una singular importancia en los
estudios vibratorios.
What is vibration:
Any movement that is repeated after an interval of time is called vibration or oscillation, the theory of
vibration has to do with the study of the oscillatory movements of bodies and the forces associated
with them, a vibration system consists of a medium to store energy, the chon vibration of a system
implies the transformation of its power energy into kinetic energy and from this into potential energy
of alternating matter, if the system dampens a part of its energy is dissipated in each cycle of vibration
and is It must be replaced by a strong external one so that it maintains a stable state of vibration.
is the variation or change of configuration of a system in relation to time, around a stable equilibrium
position, its fundamental characteristic is that it is periodic, simple harmonic motion being frequent,
for which this movement acquires a singular importance in vibration studies.
Vibration classification:
Both free and forced vibrations can be subdivided, depending on the existence or not of resistant
forces that dampen the vibratory movement, in: Without damping. There is no passive resistance to
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system movement. With damping. There are passive resistances to the movement of the system, that
is, dissipative forces or moments that dampen the vibrational movement.
When a particle is in equilibrium, the forces acting on it are its weight w and the force T exerted by
the spring, of magnitude where is denoted the elongation of the spring. So that the forces exerted on
the particle are proportional to the mean displacement OP from the equilibrium position.
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To conserve the oscillatory system it is mandatory to give energy to the system, when this is brought
to caví it is called forced vibration, if energy is introduced at a higher rate than it is dissipated, the
energy grows over time, which gives the increased motion, if energy is supplied at the same rate as it
is dissipated the amplitude remains constant with time
The differential equation of motion, taking into account that the force is periodic, is mx kx F F t '' cos
+ = = 0 ω where F0 is the amplitude and ω the frequency of the driving force. The general solution of
the differential equation is obtained by adding to the general solution of the homogeneous a particular
solution of the complete ( ) x x x = h p + . The characteristic equation is mr k 2 + = 0 , the roots of this
equation are imaginary conjugate r k m = ± i and the general solution of the homogeneous is x a t h n
= sin( ) ω + ϕ The particular solution of the complete is x A t p = cosω Thus, the general solution has
the expression: x a t F k t n n = + + − cos( ) cos ω ϕ ω ω
Referencia:
http://ocw.upm.es/pluginfile.php/1321/mod_label/intro/VIBRACIONESMECANICAS%281%29.pdf
https://docs.google.com/document/d/177YGOD6DQMEiCT96EqCam2QqRMIW9j7PH0R-
v4tFHNg/edit
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtSLlC1qwMNt-QBgXggh9bNKmafBVVuLb
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