EJEMPLO DE CALCULO EN LA RED DE 110 KV

2” 1” 0.7”
D
Y Y
K2
2 x 25 MVA
2.5” (rusos)
L2
K5 1.5”

L1
K1
L3 Y Y
D
K3
34.5 kv
Calabazar 115 kv
Sagua 115 kv
Y
D
Y

34.5 kv
K4

Datos Generales

Elemento x1 xo xp xt xs
L1 0.066 pu 0.225 pu - - -
L2 0.077 pu 0.262 pu - - -
L3 0.067 pu 0.226 pu - - -
Transf. - - 0.5052 pu 0.3028 pu 0

Elemento x1 máx xo máx x1 mín xo mín

Sistema 0.0639 pu 0.0401 pu 0.0866 pu 0.0409 pu

MVAb = 100 KVb = 115 ( Todos los transf. son rusos)

Confección de las redes de secuencia positiva y cero

Red de Sec (+) :

X6

X1 X2 X3
X7
X4

X5

X8= X6 // X7
X1eq = X1 + X2 + X3 + X8 = 0.4595

Icc 3 = 1 / X1 eq = 1/04595 = 2.176 pu = 1092.5 amp

Icc 2 = 950.5 amp

Red de sec (0) : X7

X1 X2 X3

X4

X4
X8

X6 X10
X5
X1 + X2 = 0.0401 + 0.225 = 0.2651 pu (máx)
= 0.2659 pu (mínima)

X11 = X9 // X10 = 0.1514 PU

X12 = X7 // X8 = 0.2526
X13 = X4 + X5 = 0.5722
X14 = X13 + X6 = 0.875
X15 = (X1 + X2) // X14 = 0.2034
X16 = X15 + X3 = 0.4654
X17 = X16 + X12 = 0.7180
X18 = X17 // X11 = 0.125 pu .............. Xo equiv = 0.125 pu
1 1
Io total cc 1-T = -------------------------- = ---------------------------------- = 0.9576
2 X1eq + Xoeq 2 * 0.4595 + 0.125

3 Io total = 2.87 pu

Cálculo de las corrientes de cortocircuito:

Ib = 502 Amp
Punto K1
Secuencia (+)

A los trafos
S

I1 I3

I2

Rég.Máxima:

X17
3Io tot * ----------------
X11 + X17
I neutro transf. = ------------------------------ = 1.1851
2

X11 01514
I3 = 3Io tot * ------------------- = 2.87 * ------------------------- = 0.5
X11 + X17 01514 + 0.718
 X14 0.875
3 Io linea cc 1-T = I1 linea = I3 * ------------------------ = 0.5 * ----------------------- = 0.383
X14 + (x1 + X2) 0.875 + 0.2651

0.2651
I2 linea = I3 * ---------------------- = 0.1163
0.875 + 0.2651

Rég.Mínima:

- Con dos transformadores:

X1 eq = X1 min + X2 + X3 + X8 = 0.4822
Icc 3 = 1 / Xi eq = 1 / 0.4822 = 2.0738 pu = 101.06 amp
Icc 2 = 905.72 amp

- Con un transformador:

X1 eq = 0.7348
Icc 3 = 1.361 pu = 683 amp
Icc 2 = 594.36 amp

Secuencia (0)

- Con dos transformadores

X15 = (X1 + X2) // X14 .......... X1 = Xo sistema mín

X15 = 0.204 pu
X16 = X15 + X3 = 0.43 pu
X17 = X16 + X12 = 0.6826 pu
Xo eq = X17 // X11 = 0.1239 pu

1
Io total = ---------------------------- = 0.9188
2(0.822) + 0.1239

3Io total = 3(0.9188) = 2.7565 pu

X11 0.1514
I3 = 3Io tot * ---------------- = 2.7565 * ------------------------- = 0.5
X11 + X17 0.1514 + 0.6826
 X17 0.6826
3Io tot * ---------------- 2.7565 * ----------------------
X11 + X17 0.1514 + 0.6826
I neutro (un trafo) = ------------------------------- = -------------------------------------- =1.128 pu
2 2

X14 0.875
I1 cc 1-T = I3 * ------------------------- = 0.5 * -------------------------- = 0.383 pu
X14 + (X1 + X2) 0.875 + 0.2651

I2 = I3 – I1 = 0.5 – 0.383 pu = 0.1163 pu

0.4822
1 + 2 * --------------
0.1239
I1 cc 2-T = 0.383 * ---------------------------- = 0.5709 pu
0.4822
2 + ----------------
0.1239

3Io cc 2-T = 286.6 Amp

Con un transformador:

X17 = X16 + X7 = 1.1878 pu

Xo eq = X17 // X9 = 0.2412 pu

1
Io total = --------------------------------- = 0.5845 pu
2 (0.734) + 0.2412

3Io total = 1.7534 pu

X9 0.3028
I3 = 3Io tot * ---------------- = 1.7534 * ------------------------- = 0.356 pu
X17 + X9 1.1878 + 0.3028

X17 1.1878
I neutro = 3Io tot * ---------------- = 1.7534 * ---------------------- = 1.3972 pu
X17 + X9 1.1878 + 0.3028
 X14 0.875
3Io linea = I1 = I3 * ------------------------- = 0.356 * -------------------------- = 0.273 pu
X14 + (X1 + X2) 0.875 + 0.2659

0.7348
1 + 2 * --------------
0.2412
I1 cc 2-T = 0.273* ---------------------------- = 0.383 pu
0.7348
2 + ----------------
0.2412

I2 = I3 – I1 = 0.356 – 0.273 = 0.083 pu

Cortocircuito Regimen Máxima Regimen Mínima

(pu) (p u)
3 2.176/1092.5 2.0738/1041.06 1.361/683
2 1.8934/950.5 1.8042/905.72 101839/594.36
1 - T 0.383/192 0.383/192 0.273/137.04
2 - T 05635/283 0.5709/286.6 0.383/192

Punto K2
Secuencia (+)
Máxima:
X1 eq = 0.2069 pu
Icc 3 = 4.833 pu = 2426.3 Amp
Icc 2 = 4.205 pu = 2110.76 Amp

Mínima: (Con dos transformadores)

X1 eq = 0.2296 pu
Icc 3 = 4.355 pu = 2203.83 Amp
Icc 2 = 3.788 pu = 1901.57 Amp

Secuencia (o):
Máxima:
X2o = X11 + X12 = 0.404 pu
Xo eq = X16 // X20 = 0.2163 pu
1
Iocc total = ------------------------------ = 1.587 pu
2(0.2069) + 0.2163
 X20 0.404
I3 = Iocc tot * ---------------- = 1.587 * ------------------------- = 0.737 pu
X16+ X20 0.4654 + 0.404

3I3 = 2.211 pu = 1109.92 Amp

X14 0.875
I1 cc 1-T = I3 * ------------------------- = 0.737 * -------------------------- = 0.5656 pu
X14 + (X1 + X2) 0.875 + 0.2651

I2 = I3 – I1 = 0.1714 pu
3I2 = 0.5142 pu = 258.13 Amp
3I1 = 3Io linea = 3 ( 0.5656) = 1.6968 pu = 851.8 Amp

X16 0.4654
Iocc tot * ---------------- 1.587 * ----------------------
X16 + X20 0.4654 + 0.404
I neutro (un trafo) = ------------------------------- = ------------------------------------- =0.4247pu
3 2 2

3I neutro (un trafo) = 1.2743 pu = 639.7 Amp

X1
1 + 2 * ---------
Xo
3Io cc 2-T linea = 3Io linea * -----------------------
X1
2 + ---------
Xo

0.2069
1 + 2 * ---------
0.2163
= 1.6968 * ----------------------- = 1.6718 pu = 839.24 Amp
0.2069
2 + -------------
0.2163

Régimen Mínima:
Secuencia (+) :
- Con un transformador:
X1 eq = 0.2296 pu (en este caso el número de transformadores no influye)

Secuencia (O) :
- Con un transformador:
X15 = (X1 + X2) // X14 = 0.204 pu
X16 = X15 + X3 = 0.466 pu
X17 = X7 + X9 = 0.808 pu
Xo eq = X16 // X17 = 0.2955 pu
1
Io cc 1-T = ------------------------------ = 1.325 pu
2(02293) + 0.2955

X17 0.808
I3 = Io cc 1-T * ------------------------------- = 1.325 * --------------------- = 0.8403 pu
X16 + X17 0.466 + 0.808

X14 0.875
I1=Io cc 1-T = I3 * ------------------------- = 0.8403 * -------------------------- = 0.6444 pu
X14 + (X1 + X2) 0.875 + 0.2659

3Io cc 1-T linea = 1.9333 pu = 970.55 Amp

I2 = I3 – I1 = 0.1959 pu

X1
1 + 2 * ---------
Xo
3Io cc 2-T linea = 3Io linea * -----------------------
X1
2 + ---------
Xo

0.2296
1 + 2 * ---------
0.2955
= 1.9333* ----------------------- = 1.778 pu = 892.55 Amp
0.2296
2 + -------------
0.2955
Con dos transformadores:

X17= X11 + X12 = 0.404 pu

Xo eq = X16 // X17 = 0.2164 pu
 1
Io cc 1-T total = ------------------------------ = 1.4801 pu
2(0.2296) + 0.2164

X17 0.404
I3 = Io cc 1-T * ------------------------------- = 1.4801 * --------------------- = 0.6873 pu
X16 + X17 0.466 + 0.404

X14 0.875
I1=Io cc 1-T = I3 * ------------------------- = 0.6873 * -------------------------- = 0.5271 pu
X14 + (X1 + X2) 0.875 + 0.2659

3Io cc 1-T linea = 1.5813 pu = 793.83 Amp

I2 = I3 – I1 = 0.1602 pu

Punto K3

Secuencia (+)
Máxima:
X1 eq = 0.1969 pu
Icc 3 = 5.078 pu = 2549.5 Amp
Icc 2 = 4.4178 pu = 2217.76 Amp

Mínima:
X1 eq = 0.2196 pu
Icc 3 = 4.5537 pu = 2286 Amp
Icc 2 = 3.96 pu = 1988.78 Amp

Secuencia (o):
Máxima:
X19 = X11 + X12 = 0.404 pu
X20 = X19 + X3 = 0.666 pu
X21= (X1 + X2) // X20 = 0.1896 pu
X22 = X21 + X4 = 0.4156 pu
X23= X5 + X6 = 0.808 pu
Xo eq = X22 // X23 = 0.2744 pu
1
Iocc total = ------------------------------ = 1.4965 pu
2(0.1969) + 0.2744
 X23 0.808
I2 = Iocc tot * ---------------- = 1.4965 * ------------------------- = 0.9892 pu
X22+ X23 0.4156 + 0.808

X20 0.666
I1 cc 1-T = I2 * ------------------------- = 0.9882* -------------------------- = 0.7068 pu
X20 + (X1 + X2) 0.2651+ 0.666

3Io linea = 2.1205 pu = 1064.5 Amp

X1
1 + 2 * ---------
Xo
3Io cc 2-T linea = 3Io linea * -----------------------
X1
2 + ---------
Xo

0.3321
1 + 2 * ---------
0.2744
= 2.1205 * ----------------------- = 2.26 pu = 1134.2 Amp
0.3321
2 + -------------
0.2744

Régimen Mínima:
Secuencia (O) :

- Con un transformador:
X19 = X7+ X9= 0.808 pu
X20 = X19 + X3 = 1.07 pu
X21 = (X1 + X2) // X20 = 0.2169 pu
X22 = X21 + X4 = 0.4389 pu
X23= X5 + X6 = 0.808 pu
Xo eq = X22 // X23 = 0.2844 pu

1
Io cc 1-T = ------------------------------ = 1.3819 pu
2(0.2196) + 0.2844

X23 0.808
I2 = Io cc 1-T * ------------------------------- = 1.3819 * --------------------- = 0.8954 pu
X22 + X23 0.4389 + 0.808

X20 1.07
I1=Io cc 1-T = I2* ------------------------- = 0.8954* -------------------------- = 0.7171 pu
X20 + (X1 + X2) 0.1.07+ 0.2659

3Io cc 1-T linea = 2.1513 pu = 1079 Amp

X1
1 + 2 * ---------
Xo
3Io cc 2-T linea = 3Io linea * -----------------------
X1
2 + ---------
Xo

0.2196
1 + 2 * ---------
0.2844
= 2.1513 * ----------------------- = 1.9745 pu = 991.19 Amp
0.2196
2 + -------------
0.2844

Con dos transformadores:

X21= (X1 + X2) // X20 = 0.19 pu

X22 = X21 + X4 = 0.416 pu
X23= X5 + X6 = 0.808 pu
Xo eq = X22 // X23 = 0.2746pu

1
Io cc 1-T total = ------------------------------ = 1.4 pu
2(0.2196) + 0.2746

3Io cc 1-T total = 4.2 pu

X23 0.808
I2= Io cc 1-T * ------------------------------- = 1.4 * --------------------------- = 0.9241 pu
X22 + X23 0.416 + 0.808

X20 0.666
I1=Io cc 1-T = I2* ------------------------- = 0.9241 * -------------------------- = 0.6604 pu
X20 + (X1 + X2) 0.666 + 0.2659

3Io cc 1-T linea = 1.9812 pu = 994.6 Amp

X1
1 + 2 * ---------
Xo
3Io cc 2-T linea = 3Io linea * -----------------------
X1
2 + ---------
Xo

0.2196
1 + 2 * ---------
0.2746
= 1.9812 * ----------------------- = 1.8394 pu = 923.41 Amp
0.2196
2 + -------------
0.2746
Punto K4

Secuencia (+)
Máxima:
X1 eq = 0.7021 pu
Icc 3 = 1.4243 pu = 715 Amp
Icc 2 = 1.2391 pu = 622 Amp

Mínima:
X1 eq = 0.7248 pu
Icc 3 = 1.3797 pu = 692.6 Amp
Icc 2 = 1.2 pu = 602.57 Amp

Secuencia (o):
Máxima:
X23= X5 + X22 = 0.9208 pu
Xo eq = X6// X23 = 0.2278 pu

1
Iocc total = ------------------------------ = 0.6127 pu
2(0.7021) + 0.2278

X6 0.3028
I2 = Iocc tot * ---------------- = 0.6127 * ------------------------- = 0.1516 pu
X6+ X23 0.9208+ 0.3028

X20 0.666
I1 cc 1-T = I2 * ------------------------- = 0.1516* -------------------------- = 0.1084 pu
X20 + (X1 + X2) 0.2651+ 0.666

3Io linea = 0.3253 pu = 163.3 Amp

X1
1 + 2 * ---------
Xo
3Io cc 2-T linea = 3Io linea * -----------------------
X1
2 + ---------
Xo

0.7021
1 + 2 * ---------
0.2278
= 0.3253 * ----------------------- = 0.4585 pu = 230.2 Amp
0.7021
2 + -------------
0.2278

Régimen Mínima:
Secuencia (O) :

- Con un transformador:
X23= X5 + X22 = 0.9441 pu
Xo eq = X6// X23 = 0.2293 pu

1
Io cc 1-T = ------------------------------ = 0.5956 pu
2(0.7248) + 0.2293

X6 0.3028
I2 = Io cc 1-T * ------------------------------- = 0.5956 * --------------------- = 0.1446 pu
X6 + X23 0.3028 + 0.9441

X20 1.07
I1=Io cc 1-T = I2* ------------------------- = 0.1446 * -------------------------- = 0.1158 pu
X20 + (X1 + X2) 0.1.07+ 0.2659
3Io cc 1-T linea = 0.3474 pu = 174.42 Amp

X1
1 + 2 * ---------
Xo
3Io cc 2-T linea = 3Io linea * -----------------------
X1
2 + ---------
Xo

0.7248
1 + 2 * ---------
0.2293
= 0.3474 * ----------------------- = 0.4928 pu = 247.42 Amp
0.7248
2 + -------------
0.2293

Con dos transformadores:

X23= X5 + X22 = 0.9212 pu

Xo eq = X6 // X23 = 0.2278 pu

1
Io cc 1-T total = ------------------------------ = 0.5961 pu
2(0.7248) + 0.2278

3Io cc 1-T total = 0.3162 pu = 158.75 amp

X6 0.3028
I2= Io cc 1-T * ------------------------------- = 0.5961 * --------------------------- = 0.1475 pu
X6 + X23 0.3028 + 0.9212

X20 0.666
I1=Io cc 1-T = I2* ------------------------- = 0.1475 * -------------------------- = 0.1054 pu
X20 + (X1 + X2) 0.666 + 0.2659

X1
1 + 2 * ---------
Xo
3Io cc 2-T linea = 3Io linea * -----------------------
X1
2 + ---------
Xo

0.7248
1 + 2 * ---------
0.2278
= 0.3162 * ----------------------- = 0.4493 pu = 225.56 Amp
0.7248
2 + -------------
0.2278

Punto K5

Secuencia (+)
Máxima:
X1 eq = X1 sistema = 0.0639 pu

Mínima:
X1 eq = X1 sistema = 0.0866 pu

Secuencia (o):
Máxima:
X15= X11+ X12 = 0.404 pu
X16= X15+ X3= 0.666 pu
X17= X14//X16 = 0.3781 pu
X18= X17+ X2 = 0.6031 pu
Xo eq = X18// Xo sist.máx = 0.0376 pu

1
3Iocc total = 3 * ------------------------------ = 18.1378 pu
2(0.0639) + 0.0376

Xo sist.máx 0.0401
3Iocc linea = 3Iocc tot * ------------------------ = 181378 * --------------------- = 1.13 pu
X18+ Xo sist.máx 0.6031+ 0.0401

3Io linea = 567.65 Amp

X1
1 + 2 * ---------
Xo
3Io cc 2-T linea = 3Io linea * -----------------------
X1
2 + ---------
Xo

0.0639
1 + 2 * ---------
0.0376
= 1.13 * ------------------------------- = 1.3436 pu = 674.51 Amp
0.0639
2 + -------------
0.0376

Régimen Mínima:
Secuencia (O) :

- Con un transformador:
X15= X7+ X9= 0.808 pu
X16= X15+ X3= 1.07 pu
X17= X14//X16 = 0.4813 pu
X18= X17+ X2 = 0.7063 pu

Xo eq = X18// Xo sist mín = 0.0386 pu

3
3Io cc 1-T total = ------------------------------ = 14.1643 pu
2(0.0866) + 0.0386

Xosist 0.0409
3 Io cc 1-T linea =3Io cc 1-T total * ------------------------- = 14.1643 * -------------------------
X18 + Xo 0.7063 + 0.0409
sist.min

= 0.7753 pu = 389.21 Amp

X1
1 + 2 * ---------
Xo
3Io cc 2-T linea = 3Io linea * -----------------------
X1
2 + ---------
 Xo

0.0866
1 + 2 * ---------
0.0386
= 0.7753 * ----------------------- = 1 pu = 502 Amp
0.0866
2 + -------------
0.0386

Con dos transformadores:

Xo eq = X18 // Xo sist.min = 0.0383 pu

3
3Io cc 1-T total = ------------------------------ = 14.1844 pu
2(0.0866) + 0.0383

Xosist 0.0409
3 Io cc 1-T linea =3Io cc 1-T total * ------------------------- = 14.1844 * -------------------------
X18 + Xo 0.6031 + 0.0409
sist.min

= 0.9 pu = 452 Amp

X1
1 + 2 * ---------
Xo
3Io cc 2-T linea = 3Io linea * -----------------------
X1
2 + ---------
Xo

0.0866
1 + 2 * ---------
0.0383
= 0.9 * ----------------------- = 1.1663 pu = 585.51 Amp
0.0866
2 + -------------
0.0383
RESULTADO DE LAS CORRIDAS DE CORTOCIRCUITO

PUNTO TIPO REGIMEN REGIMEN MINIMA

DE DE MAXIMA
1T (PU/AMP) 2T (PU/AMP)
FALLA FALLA (PU/AMP)
3 2.176/1092 2.0738/1041 1.361/683
K1 2 1.934/950 1.8042/905 1.1839/594
1-T 0.383/192 0.383/192 0.273/137
2-T 0.5635/283 0.5709/286 0.33/192
3 4.833/2426 4.355/2203 4355/2203
K2 2 4.205/2110 3.788/1901 3.788/1901
1-T 1.6968/851 1.9333/970 1.5813/793
2-T 1.6718/839 1.778/892 -
3 5.078/2541 4.5537/2286 4.5537/2286
K3 2 4.178/2217 3.96/1988 3.96/1988
1-T 2.1205/1064 2.1513/1079 1.9812/994
2-T 2.26/1134 1.9745/991 1.8394/923
3 1.4243/715 1.3797/692 1.3797/692
K4 2 1.2391/622 1.2/602 1.2/602
1-T 0.3253/163 0.3474/174 0.3162/158
2-T 0.4585/230 0.4928/247 0.4493/225
3 - - -
K5 2 - - -
1-T 1.13/567 0.7753/389 0.9/452
2-T 1.3436/674 1/502 1.1663/585