Realizar los siguientes ejercicios mostrando paso a paso como llegan a cada respuesta

1. Calcular las transformadas haciendo uso de la tabla de transformadas básicas.

a. f ( t )=e−2 t cos √ 3 t−t 2 e−2 t

L { f ( t ) }=L { e cos √ 3 t } −L{t e

−2 t 2 −2 t
}

s
L { cos √ 3 t } = 2
s +3

2
L {t }=
2

s3

L {e f ( t ) }=F (s−a)
at

s+2 2
F ( s) = −
( s+2 ) +3 ( s +2 )3
2

b. f ( t )=t 2−3 t −2 e−t sen 3 t

L { f ( t ) }=L { t 2−3 t −2 e−t sen 3 t }

L { f ( t ) }=L { t } −L {3 t }−2 L { e sen 3 t }

2 −t

1
L {t }=
2

s3

3
L { 3t }= 2
s

3
L { sen 3 t }= 2
s +9

L {e f ( t ) }=F (s−a)
at

2 3 6
F ( s) = 3 − 2 −
s s ( s+1 )2 +9
c. f ( t )=( 1−t 2) e−t

L { f ( t ) }=L {( 1−t 2 ) e−t }

 1
L { 1 }=
s

1
L {t }=
2

s3

L {e at f ( t ) }=F (s−a)

1 1
F ( s) = −
s+1 ( s +1 )3

2. Obtenga la transformada inversa de cada una de las siguientes funciones

a. L
−1
{ s
( s−2 ) ( s−3 )( s−6 ) }
s a0 a1 a2
= + +
( s−2)(s−3)(s−6) s−2 s−3 s−6

a 0 (s−2)( s−3)(s−6) a 1( s−2)(s−3)(s−6) a2 ( s−2)(s−3)(s−6)

s= + +
s−2 s−3 s−6

s=a0 ( s−3 )( s−6 ) +a1 ( s−2 ) ( s−6 ) +a1 ( s−2)( s−3)

1
a 0=
2

a 1=−1

1
a 2=
2

L−1
{ 1
−
1
+
1
2 ( s−2 ) s−3 2 ( s−6 ) }
1 2t 3t 1 6t
f ( t )= e −e + e
2 2

b. L
−1
{ 2 s+ 4
( s−2 ) ( s2 +4 s +3 ) }
2 s+ 4 a0 a1 a2
= + +
( s−2 ) ( s 2 +4 s+ 3 ) s−2 s+1 s+ 3
 a0 ( s−2 ) ( s2 + 4 s +3 ) a1 ( s−2 ) ( s 2+ 4 s+3 ) a2 ( s−2 ) ( s2 + 4 s +3 )
2 s +4= + +
s−2 s+1 s+3

( s2 + 4 s +3 ) =( s +1 )( s+3 )

2 s +4=a0 ( s+1 ) ( s+3 ) + a1 ( s−2 )( s+3 )+ a3 (s−2)( s+1)

8
a 0=
15

−1
a 1=
3

−1
a 2=
5

L−1
{ 8
−
1
−
1
15 ( s−2 ) 4 ( s+1 ) 5 ( s +3 ) }
8 2 t 1 −t 1 −3 t
f ( t )= e − e − e
15 3 5

c. L
−1
{( 1
s +1 ) ( s +4 )
2 2 }
1 a 1 s+a 0 a3 s +a 2
= 2 + 2
( s +1 ) (s +4 ) s +1
2 2
s +4

(a ¿ ¿ 1 s+ a0 ) ( s +1 ) (s + 4) (a ¿ ¿ 3 s+a 2) ( s +1 ) (s +4 )
2 2 2 2
1= 2
+ 2
¿¿
s +1 s +4

1=( a1 s+ a0 ) ( s +4 ) +(a3 s +a2 )(s +1)

2 2

1
a 0=
3

−1
a 2=
3

a 1=0

a 3=0
 L
−1
{( 1
3 s +1 )
2
−
1
3 ( s + 4)
2 }
1 1
f ( t )= sent− sen 2t
3 2

d. L
−1
{ 7 s 2 +23 s +30
( s−2 ) ( s2 +2 s +5 ) }
7 s 2+ 23 s+ 30 a0 a2 s+ a1
2
= + 2
( s−2)(s +2 s+5) s−2 s +2 s +5

2 2
2 a 0 (s−2)( s +2 s+ 5) (a ¿ ¿2 s+a 1)( s−2)( s +2 s+5)
7 s +23 s +30= + 2
¿
s−2 s + 2 s+5

7 s2 +23 s +30=a0 ( s 2 +2 s+5 ) +(a2 s+ a1)( s−2)

a 0=8

a 1=5

a 2=−1

L−1
{ 8
−
−s+5
s−2 s2 +2 s+ 5 }
−1 8 s+1 6∗1
L { −
s−2 ( s +1 ) + 4 ( s+2 )2 + 4
2

f ( t )=8 e2 t −e−t cos ( 2 t ) +3 e−t sen ( 2 t )

3. Utilice la transformada de Laplace para resolver la ecuación diferencial dada,

sujeta a las condiciones iniciales indicadas.
a. y ' ' − y ' =e t cos t ; y ( 0 ) =0 , y' ( 0 )=0

L { y ' ' } −L { y' } =L{et cos t }

2 ' s−1
s Y ( s ) −sy ( 0 )− y ( 0 )−sY ( s )−f ( 0 )=
( s−1 )2+ 1
 s−1
Y ( s ) ( s −s ) =
2

( s−1 )2+1

s−1
Y ( s )= 2
s ( s−1)(s −2 s+2)

a0 a3 s+ a2
+ 2
s−1 s −2 s+2

s−1=a 0 ( s−1 ) ( s2 −2 s+2 ) + a1 s ( s2 −2 s+2 )+ s (a3 s +a 2)( s−1)

1
a 0=
2

a 1=0

a 2=1 ,

1
a 3=
2

L−1
{ 1
+ 2
−s+2
2 s 2 ( s −2 s+ 2 ) }
1 1 t 1 t
y ( t ) = − e cos t + e sen t
2 2 2

b. y ' ' −2 y ' +5 y=1+t ; y ( 0 )=0 , y ' ( 0 ) =4

L { y } −2 L { y } +5 L { y }=L{1+ t }
'' '

2 ' 1 1
s Y ( s ) −sy ( 0 )− y ( 0 )−2 sY ( s ) +2 y ( 0 )+ 5Y ( s )= + 2
s s

s 2 +s
s2 Y ( s ) −4−2 sY ( s )+5 Y ( s )=
s3
3 2
4 s +s +s
Y ( s ) ( s −2 s+ 5 )=
2

s3
3 2
4 s +s +s
Y ( s )= 3 2
s (s −2 s+5)
 a0 a1 a2 a4 s+a 3
+ + +
s s2 s 3 s2 −2 s+5

4 s 3 +s 2+ s=a 0 s2 ( s2−2 s+5 ) + a1 s ( s2 −2 s+5 ) +a2 ( s 2−2 s +5 ) + s3 ( a 4 s +a3 )

7 1 −7 109
a 2=0 , a0 = ,a = ,a = ,a =
25 1 5 4 25 3 25

L
−1
{ 7 1
+ 2+
−7 s+ 109
25 s 5 s 25 ( s 2−2 s +5 ) }
t
7 t 7 51 e sen 2 t
y (t)= + − cos 2 t+
25 5 25 25

c. y ' ' −7 y ' +10 y =9 cos t + 7 sint ; y ( 0 )=5 , y ' ( 0 ) =−4

L { y } −7 L { y } + L { 10 y }=L { 9 cos t }+7 L {sin t }

'' '

9s 7
s2 Y ( s ) −sy ( 0 )− y ' ( 0 )−7 sY ( s ) +7 y ( 0 ) +10 Y ( s )= 2
+ 2
s +1 s +1

9 s+7
s2 Y ( s ) −5 s+ 4−7 sY ( s )+ 35+10Y ( s ) = 2
s +1

9 s+7
Y ( s ) ( s 2−7 s +10 ) = 2
+55−39
s +1

5 s 3−39 s 2 +14 s−32

Y ( s )=
( s 2 +1 ) ( s 2−7 s+10 )

5 s −39 s + 14 s−32 a1 s +a0 a2 a3

3 2
= 2 + +
s + 1 a−2 s−5
2
(s−2)( s−5)(s + 1)

5 s −39 s +14 s−32=( a 1 s+a 0 ) ( s−2 ) ( s−5 ) + a2 ( s +1 ) ( s−5 )+ a3 (s +1)(s−2)

3 2 2 2

a 2=8 , a3=−4 , a 0=0 , a1 =1

L−1
{ 2
s
s +1
+
8
s−2
−
4
s−5 }
 2t 5t
y ( t ) =cos t + 8 e −4 e