Aplicaciones de Cálculo y Estadística

Razón de cambio
Taller 1
Solución
𝑦 = (4𝑥 2 − 20𝑥)

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
= (8𝑥 − 20)
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑦
= [8(3) − 20](2)
𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑦
=8
𝑑𝑡
Solución
𝑦 = (4𝑥 2 − 20𝑥)
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
= (8𝑥 − 20)
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑥
5 = [8(1) − 20]
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑥
5 = −12
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑥 5
=−
𝑑𝑡 12
Solución A= 6𝑥 2 , 𝐴 = Á𝑟𝑒𝑎

𝑑𝐴 𝑑𝑥
= 6(2𝑥)
x 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝐴 𝑑𝑥
= 12𝑥
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
x
x 𝑑𝐴
= 12(24)(−5)
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝐴 𝑚2
𝑑𝑡
= −1440 𝑚𝑖𝑛
Solución V= 𝑥 3 , 𝑉 = 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑜

𝑑𝑉 𝑑𝑥
= 3(𝑥 2 )
x 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑉
x = 3 (242 )(−5)
𝑑𝑡
x
𝑑𝑉 𝑚3
𝑑𝑡
= −8640 𝑚𝑖𝑛
Solución
A= 𝑥𝑦, 𝐴 = Á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡á𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜
𝑑𝐴 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
𝑥 =𝑦 +𝑥
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝐴
𝑦 = 12(1.2) + 5(−1.8)
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝐴 27
= = 5.4 𝑐𝑚2 /𝑠
𝑑𝑡 5
 𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑜
𝑑𝐴 27
𝑥 = = 5.4 𝑐𝑚2 /𝑠
𝑑𝑡 5

𝐸𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑠, 𝑒𝑙 𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑟𝑎𝑧ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑜 𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑜

𝑦
y aumenta

𝐶𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑐ℎ𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡á𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑠𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎 1.2 𝑐𝑚 𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑦 𝑠𝑢

𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑜 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑦𝑒 1.8 𝑐𝑚 𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑜, 𝑒𝑙 á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑠𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎 5.4𝑐𝑚2 cada segundo
 𝑥

𝑑𝑧 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
𝑦 𝑧 =𝑥 +𝑦
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑧
𝑑𝑧 1 1
𝑧 = 𝑥( ) + 𝑦( )
𝑑𝑡 2250 3000

𝑃𝑜𝑟 𝑜𝑡𝑟𝑜 𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝐿𝑢𝑒𝑔𝑜:

1 𝑑𝑧 1 1 1 1
1 1 ( ) =( )( )+( )( )
𝑥 = 𝑣𝑡 = 10 = 180 𝑑𝑡 225 2250 300 3000
2250 225
1 1 𝑑𝑧 1
𝑦 = 𝑣𝑡 = 10 = = 𝑘𝑚/𝑠
3000 300 𝑑𝑡 1800
𝑧2 = 𝑥2 + 𝑦2
1 2 1 2
→𝑧= ( ) +( )
225 300
1
𝑧=
180
𝐷2 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2
𝑑𝐷 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
2𝐷 = 2𝑥 + 2𝑦
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝐷 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
𝐷 =𝑥 +𝑦
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝐷 𝑑𝑥
𝐷 = 𝑥(2) + (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥)(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝐷
𝐷 = 𝑥(2) + (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥)(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)(2)
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝐷
𝑥2 + 𝑦2 = 2𝑥 + 2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝐷 2𝑥 + 2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
=
𝑑𝑡 𝑥 2 + (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥)2
Solución 4
V= 3 𝜋𝑟 3 , 𝑉 = 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑠𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑎
𝑑𝑉 4 𝑑𝑟
= 𝜋(3)(𝑟 2 )
𝑑𝑡 3 𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑉
c r = 4𝜋(𝑟 2 )(3)
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑉
= 12𝜋𝑟 2
𝑑𝑡
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑟 = 9 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑟 = 36
𝑑𝑉 𝑑𝑉
= 12𝜋 92 = 3053.63 𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑔3 /𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 12𝜋 362 = 48858.05 𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑔3 /𝑚
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡
 𝑑𝑣
𝐶𝑜𝑚𝑜 𝑠𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑙𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑒 𝑎) = 12𝑟 2 𝑒𝑠 𝑢𝑛 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑟 𝑦 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑒
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑣
𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 3 𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑔𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑜, esto implica que 𝑛𝑜 𝑠𝑒𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒
𝑑𝑡
 1
𝑉 = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ
3

Solución
𝑑𝑉
1
= 6𝜋𝑟 2
V= 3 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ, 𝑉 = 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑜 𝑑𝑡

𝜋 2 𝑑𝑉
𝑉 = 𝑟 3𝑟 𝑎) = 6𝜋𝑟 2
3 𝑑𝑡
𝑉 = 𝜋𝑟 3 𝑑𝑉
= 6𝜋(6)2 , pues r = 6
𝑑𝑉 𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝑡
= 3𝜋𝑟 2 𝑑𝑉
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 = 216𝜋 ≈ 678.58 𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑔3 /𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑉
= 3𝜋𝑟 2 (2)
𝑑𝑡
 1
𝑉 = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ
3

Solución

𝑑𝑉
b) = 6𝜋𝑟 2
𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑉
= 6𝜋(24)2 , pues r = 24
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑉
= 3456𝜋 ≈ 10857.34 𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑔3 /𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑑𝑡
GRACIAS!!