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INGLÉS BÁSICO I
MATERIAL SEMANA N°1
UNIDAD DE COMPETENCIA ASOCIADA: Produce oraciones de complejidad básica en tiempo
presente para comunicarse en un entorno laboral y social de acuerdo con el nivel CEFR A1.
Nombre de la Unidad de Aprendizaje:
Conocimientos
1. Verbo To Be:
 Verbo to be en forma afirmativa
negativa e Interrogativa.
 Sustantivos singulares y plurales.
 Adjetivos calificativos y orden
gramatical.
 Adjetivos posesivos.
 Números ordinales y cardinales.
2. Vocabulario y Expresiones:
 Presentaciones y saludos.
 Información personal,
nacionalidades, sectores empresariales,
empleos y ocupaciones.
TO BE OR NOT TO BE… THAT IS THE
QUESTION.
Aprendizajes Procedimentales.
 Distingue las distintas conjugaciones del
verbo to be en presente para completar frases
breves en forma oral y escrita en un entorno
laboral y social de acuerdo con el nivel CEFR A1.
 Utiliza la estructura gramatical del verbo to
be en presente más vocabulario a fin, para
elaborar oraciones de complejidad básica de
acuerdo con las necesidades de su entorno
laboral y social de acuerdo con el nivel CEFR A1.
 Utiliza la estructura del verbo “to be” y
complementos gramaticales simples para
entregar información personal y de terceros en
forma oral y escrita de acuerdo con el nivel
CEFR A1.
 Utiliza la estructura del verbo “to be” con
sustantivos, adjetivos comunes, números y
posesivos como complementos gramaticales al
elaborar oraciones en forma oral y escrita en un
entorno laboral y social, de acuerdo con el nivel
CEFR A1.
Aprendizajes actitudinales:
● Ejecuta su trabajo de forma responsable y
autónoma, en base a una planificación previa.
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UNIDAD N°1
VERB TO BE

The verb “To be” (ser o estar) is the most important verb in English.
Is used to describe states, objects, features, locations, etc.

The verb ‘’ To be ‘’ has three conjugations in the present tense; AM, IS y ARE.

WHAT IS IT FOR?

We use verb to be, to give information about one or more subjects or things.

1. To express, age, high, measures, weight, shape and color.

I am twenty years old = Tengo 20 años

I am 1.65 meters high = Yo mido 1.65 metros.

It is 15 kilos = Pesa 15 kilos.

His eyes are blue = Sus ojos son azules

It is a round table= Es una mesa redonda.

2. To express how are we feelings (the verb “tener” in Spanish):

I am hungry. = Tengo hambre.

She is cold. = Ella tiene frío.

(The verb “tener” in Spanish):

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3. To talk about the weather (the verb “hay o está” in Spanish):

It is sunny = Está soleado/ Hay sol.

4. To tell the time:

It is 5 ó clock = Son las 5 en punto.

5. To describe your and somebody's job or occupation:

They are Soccer players. = Ellos son futbolistas.

She is an Engineer. = Ella es Ingeniero.

I am a student. = Yo soy un estudiante.

REMEMBER!

❖ The verb to be has 3 different forms AFFIRMATIVE, NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE.

1st AFFIRMATIVE FORM STRUCTURE:

SUBJECT + VERB TO BE + COMPLEMENT.

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Here you have an example:

❖ 2nd NEGATIVE FORM STRUCTURE:

1. The negative form of verb To Be is formed by adding “not” after the verb To Be.

Examples:

● I am not an accountant. *Yo no soy un Contador.

● She is not at work. * Ella no está en el trabajo
● We are not in the meeting. *Nosotros no estamos en la reunión.

SUBJECT + VERB TO BE + NOT + COMPLEMENT.

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SHORT FORMS CONTRACTIONS

(+) (+) (-) (-)

AFFIRMATIVE SHORT FORM NEGATIVE SHORT FORM
I AM I´M I AM NOT I´M NOT
YOU ARE YOU´RE YOU ARE NOT YOU AREN´T
HE IS HE´S HE IS NOT HE ISN´T
SHE IS SHE´S SHE IS NOT SHE ISN´T
IT IS IT´S IT IS NOT IT ISN´T
WE ARE WE´RE WE ARE NOT WE AREN´T
THEY ARE THEY´RE THEY ARE NOT THEY AREN´T

As you can see from the chart, we cannot make contraction with the verb ‘am’ and not.

*We cannot make a contraction like this ‘am +not = amn’t’ instead of this, we use first contraction made
with subject and verb ‘I + am = I’m.

● I am not an engineer = I’m not an engineer.

● I am not happy. / I’m not happy.
● I am not in the office. / I’m not in the office.

VERB TO BE INTERROGATIVE FORM STRUCTURE

*As you can see from the chart, to make questions we have to put the verb to be (am, is, and are) at the
beginning of the sentence.

Examples:
Am I late?
Is she a doctor?
Are you from Chile?
Are they colleagues?

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SHORT ANSWERS:

 Are you sure?  Is it a new product?

Yes, I am Yes, it is
No, I am not. No, it isn´t
 Is he late?  Is she Jane?
Yes, he is late. Yes, she is.
No, he is not late. No, She isn´t.

NOTES:

1. We don’t use contractions in positive short answers:

Examples:
● Yes, I am. (we do not use I’m)
● Yes, you are. (we do not use you’re)
● Yes, he is. (we do not use he’s)

2. Do not forget to pay attention in the use of some subject pronouns (such as I, You)
while answering questions.

Examples:
● Am I late? ● Are you at a meeting?
Yes, you are Yes, I am
No, you aren’t. No, I am not.

3. We can also use a Question Word (Who, What, Why etc.) with verb to be to make long answer
questions.

QUESTION WORD (WHAT, WHY, WHO, ETC) + VERB TO BE (AM, IS, ARE) + SUBJECT+ COMPLEMENT?

Examples:
● Why are you late every day? Because….
● Who is she? She is ….
● Where are they from? they are from …

s THE VERB ‘TO BE’ STRUCTURE IN PRESENT IS:

NEGATIVE FORM (-): Subject + TO BE (am / is / are) + NOT + Complement.

QUESTION FORM (?): TO BE (am / is / are) + Subject + Complement.

SHORT ANSWER FORMS: (+ / –): YES / NO + Subject + TO BE (am / is / are) or TO BE (am

/ is / are) + NOT

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*PAY ATTENTION TO THE FOLLOWING SUMMARY CHARTS

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QUESTION WORDS
 WHAT  ¿QUÉ?

 WHERE?  ¿DÓNDE?

 WHEN?  ¿CUÁNDO?

 WHO?  ¿QUIÉN?

 WHY?  ¿POR QUÉ?

 HOW?  ¿CÓMO?

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ACTIVITIES

1. Use the grammar summary to complete this grammar chart:

+ - ?
I´m from Santiago. I´m not from Santiago. Are you from Chile?
She _______ from Chile. She ____ married. ____she married?
We ´______late to work. We aren´t late to work. _____ we late?
You´re a student. You ____ Student. _____you student?
They´______ on a bus. They aren´t in the office. _____they on the office?

Short answers: Yes, I am. No, I´m not.

Yes, He/ She / It is. No, He/ She / It isn´t.
Yes, You / We / They are. No, You / We / They aren´t.

2. Complete the sentences with the correct form of verb to be:

a) _________ you a student?

b) Ely _________ a student. She´s an accountant.

c) Leo and Elena _________ from Rancagua.

d) I_________Chilean. I live in Santiago.

e) _________ Mr. Lopez the head of the company?

f) We_________ from the USA (-) . We´re British.

g) Jocelyn _________ an engineer.

h) _________ Nissan an American company?

Vocabulary:

I´m the sales manager. Yo soy el gerente de ventas

He´s in charge of … Él está a cargo de …
We´re responsible of … Nosotros somos responsables de…

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3. Read the sentences and the fill in the gaps with correct form of verb to be:

a) My name is Emily Grady. _________ in customer service. It _________ a very big department,
only six people.

b) I´m not in charge of the department. David Lopez _________the manager. He _________ my
boss.

c) I work with five colleagues. _________in the European section of the department.

d) Alicia, Tomas and Miguel _________ in my team.

4. John Devlin and Rob Shaw meet at a conference. Complete the conversation with the correct
form of the verb to be:

John: 1_________you Rob Shaw?

Rob: Yes, I 2__________.
John: Hi. I 3___________ John Devlin. I´m with Acme Corp.
Rob: Hi, John. 4__________ Acme Corp a German company?
John: No, it 5___________ an American company. 6_________ you with Retcorp?
Rob: Yes, I 7_________. 8_________ you an engineer?
John: No, I 9_________. I 10_________ a sales manager.

5. Complete the text about Acme Corporation using the correct form of the verb to be:

Acme Corporation.

The Acme Corporation 1_______ a world leader in every product type

imaginable. We 2________ suppliers to the Looney Tunes company but
cartoon characters 3__________ (-) our only customers. We
4________suppliers to movies, music and TV series industry.

Acme Corporation 5________ an international company. Our customers

6_______ in the USA. Asia, Latin America and Europe. Our Chief

Executive 7________ Paul Acme. “We 8__________ a family company

and our products 9_______ the best”, says Paul.

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ARTICLES A/ AN

1. Do you use A or AN with the jobs in the box?

___Accountant ____Designer __Architect ___Lawyer

___Receptionist ____Teacher __Mechanic ___Sales person

2. Complete the sentences with jobs from the box above. Use A / AN where necessary:

ACCOUNTANT- DESIGNER- ARCHITECT – LAWYER- RECEPTIONISTS – TEACHER –

MECHANIC- SALESPERSON

a) Laura is _______________: She helps people with legal problems.

b) Marco is _______________: He builds offices.
c) Estella is _____________: She´s good with cars.
d) I´m ______________: I work with money.
e) Greg and Samuel are _______________: They give lesson at the college.
f) Maria is _____________: She´s good at art.
g) Ronaldo and I work at Walmart: We´re ______________.
h) Helena is ______________: She welcomes visitors to the company.

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3. Complete the gaps with the correct verb to be in the following presentations :

a) This is David Reyes. ___________ an engineer.

b) My name is Pedro Lopez. __________a sales manager.

c) Maria and Jaime are from my department. ________ _______ computer programmers.

d) This is Nancy Gomez. _______ _________ a research scientist.

e) Hello. My name _______ Francisco Castro and this ________ Tomás Diaz

f) Francisco and Tomas ______ _______ friends from college.

g) This is our office. It _________ very big.

NATIONALITIES

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ACTIVITIES

1. Complete the chart of the countries and nationalities. Use the words from the box.

Brazilian – Polish- Germany- Kuwaiti – French- Oman – Italian –Spain – Russia – Turkey – Japanese-
Swedish- China – Greece - British - American

COUNTRY NATIONALITY COUNTRY NATIONALITY

-AN -ISH
Brazil _______________ Poland _______________
_______________ German _______________ Spanish
Italy _______________ Sweden
_______________ Russian _______________ Turkish
-ESE OTHERS
Japan _______________ France _______________
_______________ Chinese _______________ Greek
- I The UK _______________
Kuwait _______________ The USA _______________
_______________ Omani

2. Underline the correct word in italics:

a) We´re Britain / British but we live in China / Chinese.

b) There are a lot of USA / American workers in Hong Kong.
c) I´m from Chile / Chilean and I live in Santiago.
d) Three of our employees are in Spain / Spanish on a project.
e) The Head of the company is Russia / Russian.
f) Is this your first visit to Spain / Spanish?

3. Write a short description about these companies, follow the example :

PETROBRAS – NOKIA – COCA COLA – APPLE – BCI BANK.

Example: “Shanghai Tang is a Chinese company and is a fashion house”

a) PETROBRAS: _______________________________________________________________

b) NOKIA: _______________________________________________________________

c) COCA COLA: _______________________________________________________________

d) APPLE: _______________________________________________________________

e) BCI BANK: _______________________________________________________________

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TYPES OF NOUNS

A Noun is a word that names a person, a place, a thing, or an idea.

NOUNS
PEOPLE brother, judge, athlete, teacher, secretary
PLACES country, city, neighborhood, building, house, office.
THINGS book, shoe, flower, desk.
IDEAS pride, skill, truth, democracy, success.

Common nouns and proper nouns:

 A common nouns names any person, place, thing, or idea.

 A proper noun names a specific person, place, thing or idea.

Common Noun Proper Noun

People Actor Johnny Depp
Singer Freddy Mercury
Athlete Tomas González
Places Building Entel Tower
City Concepcion
River Maule
Things Book Harry Potter
Movie Aquaman
Song Bohemian Rhapsody

SINGULAR AND PLURAL NOUNS

1. Singular Noun: is a type of noun that refers to just one person or thing.

There are literally thousands of singular nouns, so we can’t exactly put an exhaustive list together, but here are
a few examples of singular nouns in English.

Examples of Singular Nouns:

● A DOG ● A SECRETARY
● THE CAT ● THE CITY
● A HOUSE ● THE SONG
● THE TREE ● A COMPUTER
● AN APPLE ● A PHONE

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2. Plural Nouns:

To make a noun plural, it is usually only necessary to add a letter S at the end of the noun. However, there are
many irregular nouns that add ES. The rules for spelling plural nouns are based on the letters at the end of the
word. The chart below breaks up the rules into categories so that they are easier to remember.

ACTIVITIES

1. Write the plural form of the following nouns:

a) Colony
b) Berry
c) Dictionary
d) Monday
e) Holiday
f) Activity
g) Duty
h) City

2. Form the plural of the following nouns:

a) One volcano, two d) One man, two

b) One city, two e) One woman, two
c) One child, two f) One half, two

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3. Choose the correct form of the plural for each noun:

The plural of "baby" is: The plural of "key" is:

a) babys a) keys
b) babies b) keyies
c) babyes c) keies
d) babyses d) keyes

The plural of "loss" is: The plural of "wish" is:

a) loss a) wish
b) lossies b) wishies
c) losses c) wishs
d) lossys d) wishes

The plural of "box" is: The plural of "enemy" is:

a) boxs a) enemys
b) boxies b) enemies
c) box c) enemyes
d) boxes d) enemes

The plural of "way" is: The plural of "line" is:

a) waies a) lines
b) wayes b) linies
c) wayses c) lins
d) ways d) linses

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POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES

Possessive adjectives are used to show possession or ownership of something. While we use them when we
refer to people, it is more in the sense of relationship than ownership.

The possessive adjectives in English are as follows:

Examples:

● My car is very old.

● Her boyfriend is very friendly.
● Our dog is black.
● Their homework is on the table.

Like all adjectives in English, they are always located directly in front of the noun they refer to. (Possessive
Adjective + Noun)

*We do not include an S to the adjective when the noun is plural like in many other languages.

Examples:

● Our cars are expensive. (Correct)

● Ours cars are expensive. (Incorrect)
However, the verb that is used needs to be in agreement with the noun - if the noun is singular then the verb is
singular; if the noun is plural then the verb is plural.

Examples:

● My pen is black. (Singular)

● My pens are black. (Plural)
● Our child is intelligent. (Singular)
● Our children are intelligent. (Plural)

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ADJECTIVES AND WORD ORDER

An adjective is a word that describes something (a noun) or someone (a person).

Adjectives sometimes appear after the verb To Be:

● He is short.
● She is tall.

Adjectives sometimes appear before a noun:

● Red car
● Old hat

Examples of the order of adjectives before a noun:

Something to have in mind is that it does not sound natural using three or more adjectives in the same sentence
and it is very rare to hear four adjectives together before a noun.

● A big fat dog.

● An interesting, old, Indian building.
● A striped silk shirt.
● Some comfortable black sleeping bags.
● Four small round wooden tables.

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ORDINAL NUMBERS

DATE IN ENGLISH

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WRITING N°1:

1. Complete the information about Ingrid using the Verb to be :

My name 1_____Ingrid. I 2_______ a graphic designer.

I 3______ German and I 4_____ from Munich.
I 5______married with two children. They 6_____both
in high school. Their school 7______ near my office.
My husband 8_____and engineer. We 9_____
interested in travel and movies.
Our favorite 10_______ swimming.

2. Complete this chart about yourself:

a) Name: d) Nationality:
b) Job: I´m a (n) … e) Interests:
c) City: I´m from … f) Favorite sports:

3. Now use the information to write a paragraph about you, use the text in exercise 1 as a model:

My name is

4. Write the correct article (A/ AN) for each job:

____TRAINEE ____ACCOUNTANT ____EXECUTIVE ____LAWYER ____ANALYST

____ARCHITECT ____MANAGER ____CONSULTANT ____ENGINEER ____DOCTOR

____OFFICE ____CASHIER ____RECEPTIONIST ____TECHNICIAN ____TELEPHONE

WORKER OPERATOR.
____SALES ____PERSONAL ____MECHANIC ____TEACHER ____POLICE
ASISTANT. ASSISTANT. OFFICER

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Let me introduce myself
Personal info
 Hello, my name’s_______________________________________
 single
 I’m from _______________________________________ (country)  married
 married with children
 I live in_______________________________________ (city)
 divorced
 My birthday is on_______________________________________  widowed
 single, but live together with …
 I’m a_______________________________________ (job)  in a long-term relationship with …
 I work for _______________________________________  in a long-distance relationship
 I have a steady girl/boyfriend.
 I’m _______________________________(optional - personal info)  I live with my parents.
 There are____________________________people in my family. Hobbies – Free time activities
 They are_______________________________________
 reading, painting, drawing
 My hobby is _______________________________________  going out with friends
 surfing the Internet
 My favorite sport is_______________________________________
 clubbing, barhopping
 In my free time, I also like_______________________________________  going to the movies
 playing with my dog
 My favorite food is_______________________________________  going to the park/beach/…
 My favorite drink is_______________________________________  listening to music
 shopping, singing, dancing
  travelling, camping, hiking
My favorite day of the week is________________because ___________________________________
 knitting, cooking
 My favorite month is_________________ because _______________________________________
 My favorite singer (or band) is _____________________________
 I like ______________________________________ (movies). Movies:
Favorite Places:
 My favorite place is___________I like it because _____________  my home
 my living room  action movie
 I study English because_______________________________________  comedy
 my bedroom
 the beach  romantic
Because…  the shopping comedy
mall  horror movie
 … I like it a lot.  the gym  sci-fi movie
 … I think it’s important.  the library  war movie
 … I need to use it for work.  the park  thriller
 … there are many things to see and do.  cartoons
 … I have to.
 … I can relax there.
 … it’s relaxing/popular/nice/…
 … it’s the last day of the week. Jobs
 … I’m good at it.
teacher policeman doctor
nurse builder architect
back office engineer social worker
secretary businessman shop assistant
manager fire fighter shopkeeper
cleaner postman waiter/waitress
housewife househusband
retired unemployed

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VOCABULARY:

BUSINESS SECTORS JOBS AND OCCUPATIONS.

Choose three business sectors and write at least five words (departments, jobs, and companies etc.)
that you associate with each one.

a) CLOTHES b) BANKING c) TECHNOLOGY

d) TOURISM e) FOOD f) CONSTRUCTION

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UNIT N°1 SUMMARY

Vocabulary “Greetings”
1. Choose the correct reply:

A: How are you? A: This is Joanne.

B: ____________________ B: ____________________

a) Hello, pleased to meet you. a) Hello, pleased to meet you.

b) I’m fine. And you? b) Goodbye, Joanne.
c) Good morning. c) Thank you, Joanne.

A: How are you? A: Where are you from?

B: ____________________ B: ____________________.
a) Good, thank you. a) Austrian.
b) Well, thank you. b) From Austria.
c) How do you do? c) In Austria.

2. Write questions for the answers using the words in the box:

e-mail address / first name / from / job / married / phone number / last name

a) What’s your last name?

My last name is Baker.
b) What ____________________?
My name is David.
c) Where ____________________?
France.
d) What ____________________?
I’m a business manager.
e) Are ____________________?
Yes, I am.
f) What ____________________?
021 463 4839
g) What ____________________.?
david@euskalnet.com

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COUNTRIES & NATIONALITIES

3. Where are the people and things from?

Example: Nicolas Sarkozy

He’s from France. He’s French

a) The Rolling Stones

___________________________________________________________________________

b) Parmesan cheese
___________________________________________________________________________

c) Alexis Sanchez
___________________________________________________________________________

d) Champagne
___________________________________________________________________________

e) The tango

f) Michelle Obama
___________________________________________________________________________

4. Complete the sentences using A or AN, the nationality, and the words in the box, follow the
example:

CAR / CITY / COMPANY / FOOTBALLER / SINGER / TEAM / WINE

a) BMW is a German car

b) Ajax is
c) Alexis Sanchez is
d) Walmart is
e) Cabernet is
f) Ed Sheeran
g) Seoul is

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5. Write sentences about these people:

a) Kimiko Tatsuda is Japanese. She´s a _________________________________

b) _________________________________________________________________
c) _________________________________________________________________

READING N°1:

1. Read the following text about Facebook, who is the CO?

The friendly face of FACEBOOK

Millions of people are on Facebook every day and now it´s a multi-billion dollar
American company. It´s a website for friends, but they aren´t only American.
They´re from all over the world. So, is Facebook a friendly company? Yes, it is.
Mark Zuckerberg, company CEO, tells us more…

2. Read this interview with Mark Zuckerberg. Underline the correct verbs in italics.

Interviewer: So, where 1 is / are your company exactly?

Zuckerberg: It 2´m / ´s in Palo Alto, in California.

Interviewer: You 3am / are a CEO, so 4 is / are you at work all the time?

Zuckerberg: Yes, I 5 am / are. But my colleagues 6 is/ are also my friends. For
example, Dustin Moskovitz, Head of Engineering, 7 is / are friend from college.
And Adam D’Angelo is my Chief Technology Officer. We 8´s / are old friends from
school.
CEO: Director Ejecutiv
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3. Work with partner. Ask and answer questions about mark and his company:

Example: Is Mark the CEO? Is Mark the Head of Engineering?

Yes, He is. / No, he isn´t.

Mark The CEO?

Facebook A website?
IS Dustin The head of Engineering?
Adam The Chief Technology
They Officer?
He Friends?
ARE From the USA?
An employee of the
company?
Work colleagues?
At work all the time?

________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Read these possessive sentences then complete the table below using the words in bold:

 Where is your company?

 Mark Zuckerberg is its CEO

 Adam D´angelo is my Chief Technology Officer.

 Randi Zuckerberg is the Director of Market Development at Facebook. Her brother is

the CEO.

 Their colleagues at Facebook are also their friends.

1 2 3
I You He HIS She
4 5
it We OUR They

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5. Complete the interview with Ester Hernandez using the possessives from exercise N°4 :

What is 1_______ name?

Ester Hernandez.

And who is the man in the picture with you?

He´s 2______ husband. 3_____ name is Mario.

Where are you from?

Buenos Aires. We´re Argentinian.

What is you company, exactly?

4_______ company is website for people with small Ester and Mario and their

businesses. website www.reddelnegocio.ar

6. Read these business cards and complete the business person´s profile:

I´m 1_______________________ (name)

I´m from 2___________________(country) and I´m
3
__________________(job)
My company is 4______________ ( nationality)

Her name is 5_____________________

She´s 6_____________ (nationality)
She´s a 7_____________ (job). Her company is in
8
___________ (country)

I´m 9_______________ (name)

I´m from 10____________ (country) and I´m a
11
_________ (job)
My company is 12___________ (nationality)

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