CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

If I try,I will get it.

I will get it If I try.
IF - WHEN – WHETHER - UNLESS

INTRODUCTION
Las oraciones condicionales están formadas por dos partes:
1. La if-clause (oración condicional)
2. La main clause (oración principal)
Se puede comenzar la oración con la main-clause o por la if-
clause. Cuando la oración comienza con IF, WHEN O UNLESS
ponemos una coma entre la if-clause y la main clause. Pero si
la oración comienza por la main clause, no se separan las dos
partes de la oración por una coma.
When the temperature drops to 0ºC, water turns into ice.
Water turns into ice If the temperature drops to 0ºC.

Water turns into ice if the temperature drops to 0ºC. (El agua
se congela si la temperature baja a 0ºC.)
Existen cuatro tipos de oraciones condicionales.
ZERO CONDITIONAL
IF-CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

Present Present Simple

Simple

Utilizamos la Zero Conditional para expresar hechos que

siempre ocurren de la forma indicada por la if-clause, como por
ejemplo verdades generales o leyes naturales.
If you heat water, it boils. (Si calientas agua, hierve.)
People wear lighter clothes when it is hot. (La gente lleva ropa
más ligera cuando hace calor.) El tiempo verbal utilizado en
estas oraciones es el Present Simple tanto para la if-clause y
como para la main clause.
SUBJECT+VERB+COMPLEMENT
TO EAT: EAT –EATS
AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES
I – WE – YOU - EAT PIZZA
THEY
SHE – HE - IT EATS PIZZA
NEGATIVE SENTENCES
I – WE – YOU - DON’T EAT PIZZA
THEY
SHE – HE - IT DOESN’T EAT PIZZA
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
DO I – WE – YOU - THEY EAT PIZZA?
DOES SHE – HE - IT EAT PIZZA?

FIRST CONDITIONAL
IF-CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

Present Future Simple

Simple (WILL)
Utilizamos la First Conditional para expresar algo que es
posible o probable que ocurra en el presente o el futuro.
If we finish early, we will go to the cinema. (Si terminamos
pronto, iremos al cine.)
En estas oraciones utilizamos el Present Simple para la if-
clause y el Future Simple para la main clause.
If he comes, I’ll go. (Si él viene, yo iré.)

SUBJECT+WILL+VERB+COMPLEMENT
AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES
I – WE – YOU - THEY WILL (SHALL) EAT PIZZA
SHE – HE - IT
NEGATIVE SENTENCES
I – WE – YOU - THEY WON’T NOT EAT PIZZA
SHE – HE - IT (SHALL)
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
WILL I – YOU – WE – THEY – HE - EAT PIZZA?
SHE

SECOND CONDITIONAL
IF-CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
 Past Conditional Simple
Simple (Would)

Utilizamos la Second Conditional para:

- Hablar de algo que no se refiere el presente y es bastante
imposible que ocurra en el futuro, o para situaciones
imaginarias.
If I were prime Minister, I would make school holidays
longer. (Si fuera Primer Ministro, haría las vacaciones
escolares más largas.)
 SUBJECT+VERB+COMPLEMENT
TO EAT: ATE / TO WATCH: WATCHED
AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES
I – WE – YOU – THEY - SHE – HE - IT ATE PIZZA

NEGATIVE SENTENCES
I – WE – YOU – THEY - SHE – HE - DID NOT EAT PIZZA
IT (DIDN’T)
INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
DID I – WE – YOU – THEY - SHE – HE EAT PIZZA?
- IT
 TO BE (WAS/WERE)
WE – YOU - THEY WERE IN MY HOUSE
I - SHE – HE - IT WAS IN MY HOUSE
THIRD CONDITIONAL
IF-CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

Past Conditional Perfect

Perfect

Utilizamos la Third Conditonal para:

- Referirnos a algo que podría haber sucedido en el pasado pero
no sucedió.
If he had lent me the money, I would have bought that car.
(Si me hubiera dejado el dinero, habría comprado ese
coche.)
- Expresar como imaginamos que algo hubiera sido si las cosas
hubieran ocurrido de forma diferente.

IF-CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

0 Conditional
Present Present Simple
Simple

First Conditional
 Present Future Simple
Simple (will)

Second Conditional
Past Simple Conditional Simple
(Would)
Third Conditional
Past Perfect Conditional Perfect

EXERCISE
Match and write Zero Conditional sentences.
1) you mix blue and yellow a) it rains
2) clouds meet cold air b) you feel thirsty
3) there is no gravity c) water freezes
4) you do not eat d) objects do not fall
5) a cat falls from a height e) it lands on its feet
6) you do not sleep well f) you get green
7) it is hot g) you lose weight
8) the temperature falls below 0ºC h) you feel tired

IF-CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

0 Conditional
Present Present Simple
Simple

First Conditional
Present Future Simple
Simple (will)

Second Conditional
Past Simple Conditional Simple
(Would)
Third Conditional
Past Perfect Conditional Perfect
2. Write First Conditional sentences using the prompts.
1) if / we / be / late – we / miss / the beginning of the film
IF WE ARE LATE, WE WILL MISS THE BEGINNING…
2) if / it / snow – the children / make / a snowman
IF IT SNOWS, THE CHILDREN WILL MAKE A SNOWMAN.
3) unless / you / work / harder – you / fail / the exam
UNLESS YOU WORK HARDER, YOU WILL FAIL THE EXAM.
4) he / not like / the food – if / you / not put / more salt in it.
HE WILL NOT LIKE THE FOOD IF YOU DON’T PUT MORE…
5) I / come / with you – unless / I / be / busy
I WILL COME WITH YOU UNLESS I AM BUSY
IF-CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE
0 Conditional
Present Present Simple
Simple

First Conditional
Present Future Simple
Simple (will)
 Second Conditional
Past Simple Conditional Simple
(Would)
Third Conditional
Past Perfect Conditional Perfect

Complete with the Second Conditional.

1) If he (to exercise), he (to be) healthier.
IF HE EXERCISED, HE WOULD BE HEALTHIER.
2) If I (to be) you, I (to call) the police.
IF I WERE YOU, I WOULD CALL THE POLICE
3) I (to buy) a new jacket if I (to have) some money.
I WOULD BUY A NEW JACKET IF I HAD SOME MONEY
4) I (to help) him if I (to be) you.
I would help him if I were you.
5) I (to travel) round the world if I (to win) the lottery.

IF-CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE

0 Conditional
Present Present Simple
Simple

First Conditional
Present Future Simple
Simple (will)

Second Conditional
Past Simple Conditional Simple
(Would)
Third Conditional
Past Perfect Conditional Perfect
Complete the sentences using the third conditional.
1) If she (to follow) my advice, she (to arrive) earlier.
IF SHE HAD FOLLOWED MY ADVICE, SHE WOULD HAVE
ARRIVED EARLIER.
2) If I (to check) the bill, I (to see) the mistake.

3) If we (meet) him in the street, we (to get) lost.

4) If I (to be) one hour late, she (to wait) for me?

5) You (to get) the job if you (not to behave) so foolishly.