UNIDAD No: 1 LÍMITES Y CONTINUIDAD

OBJETIVO: Que los estudiantes comprendan la idea de límite de una función y

además puedan calcularlo.

TEMA: Concepto intuitivo de límite.

INDICACIONES: Encuentre el límite de cada función completando las tablas.

x3 −1
1. lim ( )
𝑥→1 𝑥−1

x 0.9 0.99 0.999 1 1.001 1.01 1.1

𝑥3 − 1 2.71 2.9701 2.997001 3.003001 3.0301 0.231
𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥−1

x3 −1
lim ( 𝑥−1 )
𝑥→1

X x3 −1
F(x)= ( )
𝑥−1

0.9 0.93 − 1 0.729 − 1 −0.271

= = = 𝟐. 𝟕𝟏
0.9 − 1 0.9 − 1 −0.1
0.99 0.993 − 1 −0.029701
= = 𝟐. 𝟗𝟕𝟎𝟏
0.99 − 1 −0.01

0.999 0.9993 − 1 0.997002999 − 1

= = 𝟐. 𝟗𝟗𝟕𝟎𝟎𝟏
0.999 − 1 0.001

1 -------------------------------------------------

1.001 1.0013 − 1 1.003003001 − 1

= = 𝟑. 𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟎𝟎𝟏
1.001 − 1 0.001

1.01 1.013 − 1 1.030301 − 1 0.030301

= = = 𝟑. 𝟎𝟑𝟎𝟏
1.01 − 1 1.01 − 1 0.01

1.1 1.13 − 1 1.331 − 1 0.331

= = = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟑𝟏
1.1 − 1 1.1 − 1 0.1
 x−2
2. lim ( )
𝑥→2 x2 −𝑥−2

X 1.9 1.99 1.999 2 2.001 2.01 2.1

𝑥−2 0.344827586 0.33444816 0.333444481 0.333222259 0.332225913 0.0.322580645
𝑓(𝑥) =
x2 − 𝑥 − 2

x−2
lim ( 2 )
𝑥→2 x − 𝑥 − 2

X x−2
F(x)=
x2 −𝑥−2

1.9 1.9 − 2 −0.1

= = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟒𝟒𝟖𝟐𝟕𝟓𝟖𝟔
1.92 − 1.9 − 2 −0.29
1.99 1.99 − 2 −00.1
2
= = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟑𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟖𝟏𝟔
1.99 − 1.99 − 2 −0.0299

1.999 1.999 − 2 −0.001

2
= = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟖𝟏
1.999 − 1.999 − 2 −0.002999

2 --------------------------------------------------------

2.001 2.001 − 2 0.001

= = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟗
2.0012 − 2.001 − 2 0.003001
2.01 2.01 − 2 0.01
= = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟑𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟗𝟏𝟑
2.012 − 2.01 − 2 0.0301

2.1 2.1 − 2 0.1

= = 𝟎. 𝟎. 𝟑𝟐𝟐𝟓𝟖𝟎𝟔𝟒𝟓
2.12 − 2.1 − 2 0.31
 √𝑥+3−√3
3. lim ( )
𝑦→−0 𝑥

y -0.1 -0.01 -0.001 0 0.001 0.01 0.1

√𝑥 + 3 − √3 𝑂. 291121709 𝑂. 288916099 𝑂. 288699194 𝑂. 288651082 𝑂. 288434972 𝑂. 286308786

𝑓(𝑦) =
𝑥

√𝑥 + 3 − √3
lim ( )
𝑦→−0 𝑥

X √𝑥+3−√3
F(x)= ( )
𝑥

-0.1 √−0.1 + 3 − √3 √2.9 − √3 −0.02911217

= = = 𝑶. 𝟐𝟗𝟏𝟏𝟐𝟏𝟕𝟎𝟗
−0.1 −0.1 −0.1
-0.01 √−0.01 + 3 − √3 √2.99 − √3 −0.00288916099
= = = 𝑶. 𝟐𝟖𝟖𝟗𝟏𝟔𝟎𝟗𝟗
−0.01 −0.01 −0.01

-0.001 √−0.001 + 3 − √3 √2.999 − √3 −0.0002886991949

= = = 𝑶. 𝟐𝟖𝟖𝟔𝟗𝟗𝟏𝟗𝟒
−0.001 −0.001 −0.001

0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

0.001 √0.001 + 3 − √3 √3.001 − √3 0.0002886510823

= = = 𝑶. 𝟐𝟖𝟖𝟔𝟓𝟏𝟎𝟖𝟐
0.001 0.001 0.001
0.01 √0.01 + 3 − √3 √3.01 − √3 0.002884349721
= = = 𝑶. 𝟐𝟖𝟖𝟒𝟑𝟒𝟗𝟕𝟐
0.01 0.01 0.01

0.1 √0.1 + 3 − √3 √3.1 − √3 0.028630878

= = = 𝑶. 𝟐𝟖𝟔𝟑𝟎𝟖𝟕𝟖𝟔
0.1 0.1 0.1
 [1⁄(𝑥+1)]−(1⁄4)
4. lim ( )
𝑚→3 x−3

y 2.9 2.99 2.999 3 3.001 3.01 3.1

[1⁄(𝑥 + 1)] − (1⁄4) −0.06410256 −0.0626566 −0.062515 −0.062485 −0.0623442 −0.06097561

𝑓(𝑚) =
x−3

[1⁄(𝑥 + 1)] − (1⁄4)

( )
x−3

X [1⁄(𝑥+1)]−(1⁄4)
F(x)= ( x−3
)

2.9 1 1 1 1
[(2.9 + 1)] − 4 − 4 0.256410256 − 0.25 0.006410256
= 3.9 = = = −𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟒𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟓𝟔
2.9 − 3 2.9 − 3 −0.1 −0.1
2.99 1 1 1 1
[(2.99 + 1)] − 4 −
= 3.99 4 = 0.250626566 − 0.25 = 0.000626566 = −𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟐𝟔𝟓𝟔𝟔
2.99 − 3 2.99 − 3 −0.01 −0.01

2.999 [( 1 1 1 1
2.999 + 1)] − 4 = 3.999 − 4 = 0.250062515 − 0.25 = 0.000062515 = −𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟐𝟓𝟏𝟓
2.999 − 3 2.999 − 3 −0.001 −0.001
3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3.001 [( 1 1 1 1
)] −
3.001 + 1 4 = 4.001 − 4 = 0.249937515 − 0.25 = −0.000062485 = −𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟐𝟒𝟖𝟓
3.001 − 3 3.001 − 3 0.001 0.001
3.01 [( 1 1 1 1
3.01 + 1)] − 4 = 4.01 − 4 = 0.249376558 − 0.25 = −0.000623442 = −𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟐𝟑𝟒𝟒𝟐
3.01 − 3 3.01 − 3 0.01 0.01

3.1 1 1 1 1
[(3.1 + 1)] − 4 − 4 0.243902439 − 0.25 −0.006097561
= 4.1 = = = −𝟎. 𝟎𝟔𝟎𝟗𝟕𝟓𝟔𝟏
3.1 − 3 3.1 − 3 0.1 0.1
 sen 𝑥
5. lim ( 𝑥
)
𝑥→0

Y -0.1 -0.01 -0.001 0 0.001 0.01 0.1

sen 𝑥 0.015707956 0.015707963 0.015707963 0.015707963 0.015707963 0.015707956

𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥

sen 𝑥
( )
𝑥
X sen 𝑥
F(x)=( 𝑥
)

-0.1 sen −0.1 −0.001570795681

( )= = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟓𝟕𝟎𝟕𝟗𝟓𝟔
−0.1 −0.1

-0.01 sen −0.01 −0.000157079632

( )= = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟓𝟕𝟎𝟕𝟗𝟔𝟑
−0.01 −0.01

-0.001 sen −0.001 −0.00001570796327

( )= = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟓𝟕𝟎𝟕𝟗𝟔𝟑
−0.001 −0.001

0 -----------------------------------------------

0.001 sen 0.001 0.00001570796327

( )= = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟓𝟕𝟎𝟕𝟗𝟔𝟑
0.001 0.001
0.01 sen 0.01 0.000157079632
( )= = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟓𝟕𝟎𝟕𝟗𝟔𝟑
0.01 0.01

0.1 sen 0.1 0.001570795681

( )= = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟏𝟓𝟕𝟎𝟕𝟗𝟓𝟔
0.1 0.1
 Determinar el valor de cada uno de los siguientes límites, haciendo uso de los valores que se
indiquen en cada caso.

1. lim (4 − 𝑥)
𝑥→3

X F(x)= 4 – x

2.9 4 - 2.9 = 1.1

2.99 4 - 2.99 = 1.01

2.999 4 - 2.999 = 1.001

3 ----------------------

3.001 4 - 3.001 = 0.999

3.01 4 - 3.01 = 0.99

3.1 4 - 3.1 = 0.9

𝑥 2 −4
2. lim
𝑥→2 𝑥−2

X 𝑥 2 −4
F(x)= 𝑥−2

1.9 1.92 − 4 −0.39

= = 𝟑. 𝟗
1.9 − 2 −0.1
1.99 1.992 − 4 −0.0399
= = 𝟑. 𝟗𝟗
1.99 − 2 −0.01
1.999 1.9992 − 4 −0.003999
= = 𝟑. 𝟗𝟗𝟗
1.999 − 2 −0.001
2 ---------------------------------

2.001 2.0012 − 4 0.004001

= = 𝟒. 𝟎𝟎𝟏
2.001 − 2 −0.001
2.01 2.012 − 4 −0.0401
= = 𝟒. 𝟎𝟏
2.01 − 2 −0.01
2.1 2.12 − 4 0.41
= = 𝟒. 𝟏
2.1 − 2 −0.1
 𝑥 2 −𝑥−6
3. lim
𝑥→3 𝑥−3

X 𝑥 2 −𝑥−6
F(x)= 𝑥−3

2.9 2.92 −2.9−6 −0.49

2.9−3
= −0.1
=4.9

2.99 2.992 −2.99−6 −0.0499

2.99−3
= −0.01
=4.99

2.999 2.9992−2.999−6 −0.004999

= =4.999
2.999−3 −0.001

3 ----------------------------------------

3.001 3.0012 −3.001−6 0.005001

= =-5.001
3.001−3 0.001

3.01 3.012 −3.01−6 0.0501

3.01−3
= 0.01
=5.01

3.1 3.12 −3.1−6 0.51

3.1−3
= 0.1
=5.1

𝑥−1
4. lim
𝑥→1 √𝑥−1

X 𝑥−1
F(x)=
√𝑥−1

0.9 0.9−1 −0.1

= −0.051316701=1.948683334
√0.9−1

0.99 0.99−1 −0.01

= −0.005012562893=1.994987437
√0.99−1

0.999 0.999−1 −0.001

= −0.0005001250625=1.999499875
√0.999−1

1 -------------------------------------

1.001 1.001 − 1 0.001 0.001

= = = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟑𝟏𝟔𝟐𝟐𝟕𝟕𝟕
√1.001 − 1 √0.001 0.031622776
1.01 1.01 − 1 0.01 0.01
= = = 𝟎. 𝟏
√1.01 − 1 √0.01 0.1

1.1 1.1 − 1 0.1 0.1

= = = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟏𝟔𝟐𝟐𝟕𝟕𝟔𝟔
√1.1 − 1 √0.1 0.316227766
 𝑥 2 +4𝑥−21
5. lim 𝑥+7
𝑥→−7

X 𝑥 2 +4𝑥−21
F(x)= 𝑥+7

-7.1 −7.12 + 4(−7.1) − 21 50.41 + (−28.4) − 21 1.01

= = = −𝟏𝟎. 𝟏
−7.1 + 7 −0.1 −0.1
-7.01 −7.012 + 4(−7.01) − 21 49.1401 + (−28.04) − 21 0.1001
= = = −𝟏𝟎. 𝟎𝟏
−7.01 + 7 −0.01 −0.01
-7.001 −7.0012 + 4(−7.001) − 21 49.014001 + (−28.004) − 21 0.010001
= = = −𝟏𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟏
−7.001 + 7 0.001 −0.001
-7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-6.999 −6.9992 + 4(−6.999) − 21 48.986001 + (−27.996) − 21 −0.009999

= = = −𝟗. 𝟗𝟗𝟗
−6.999 + 7 0.001 0.001
-6.99 −6.992 + 4(−6.99) − 21 48.8601 + (−27.96) − 21 −0.0999
= = = −𝟗. 𝟗𝟗
−6.99 + 7 0.01 0.01
-6.9 −6.92 + 4(−6.9) − 21 47.61 + (−27.6) − 21 0.99
= = = −𝟗. 𝟗
−6.9 + 7 0.1 0.1
 Para cada uno de los siguientes casos, elabore una tabulación, y haga uso de noción intuitiva, para
encontrar el valor respectivo del límite.

1. lim (1 − 2𝑥)
𝑥→−1

X -1.1 -1.01 -1.001 -1 -0.999 -0.99 -0.9

𝑓(𝑥) = (1 − 2𝑥) 3.002 3.02 3.2 2.998 2.98 2.8

lim(1 − 2𝑥)
𝑥→1

X F(x)= (1 − 2𝑥)

-1.1 1 − 2(−1.1) = 1 − (−2.2) = 𝟑. 𝟐

-1.01 1 − 2(−1.01) = 1 − (−2.02) = 𝟑. 𝟎𝟐

-1.001 1 − 2(−1.001) = 1 − (−2.002) = 𝟑. 𝟎𝟎𝟐

-1 ----------------------------------------------------

-0.999 1 − 2(−0.999) = 1 − (−1.998) = 𝟐. 𝟗𝟗𝟖

-0.99 1 − 2(−0.99) = 1 − (−1.98) = 𝟐. 𝟗𝟖

-0.9 1 − 2(−0.9) = 1 − (−1.8) = 𝟐. 𝟖
 2. lim (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1)
𝑥→−2

X -2.1 -2.01 -2.001 -2 -1.999 -1.99 -1.9

𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥2 + 2𝑥 − 1) -0.79 -0.979 -0.997999 -1.001999 -1.0199 -1.19

lim (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1)
𝑥→−2

X F(x)= (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1)

-2.1 (−2.1)2 + 2(−2.1) − 1 = 4.41 + (−4.2) − 1 = −𝟎. 𝟕𝟗

-2.01 (−2.01)2 + 2(−2.01) − 1 = 4.041 + (−4.02) − 1 = −𝟎. 𝟗𝟕𝟗

-2.001 (−2.001)2 + 2(−2.001) − 1 = 4.004001 + (−4.002) − 1 = −𝟎. 𝟗𝟗𝟕𝟗𝟗𝟗

-2 ----------------------------------------------------

-1.999 (−1.999)2 + 2(−1.999) − 1 = 3.996001 + (−3.998) − 1 = −𝟏. 𝟎𝟎𝟏𝟗𝟗𝟗

-1.99 (−1.99)2 + 2(−1.99) − 1 = 3.9601 + (−3.98) − 1 = −𝟏. 𝟎𝟏𝟗𝟗

-1.9 (−1.9)2 + 2(−1.9) − 1 = 3.61 + (−3.8) − 1 = −𝟏. 𝟏𝟗

 sen 𝑥
3. lim
𝑥→0 2𝑥

X -0.1 -0.01 -0.001 0 0.001 0.01 0.1

𝑓(𝑥) −𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟓𝟑𝟗𝟕𝟖𝟒𝟎𝟓 −𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟓𝟑𝟗𝟖𝟏𝟔 −𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟓𝟑𝟗𝟖𝟏𝟔𝟑𝟓 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟓𝟑𝟗𝟖𝟏𝟔𝟑𝟓 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟓𝟑𝟗𝟖𝟏𝟔 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟓𝟑𝟗𝟕𝟖𝟒𝟎𝟓
sen 𝑥
=
2𝑥

sen 𝑥
lim
𝑥→0 2𝑥

sen 𝑥
X F(x)= 2𝑥

-0.1 sen − 0.1 0.001570795681

= = −𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟓𝟑𝟗𝟕𝟖𝟒𝟎𝟓
2(−0.1) −0.2
-0.01 sen − 0.01 0.000157079632
= = −𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟓𝟑𝟗𝟖𝟏𝟔
2(−0.01) −0.02
-0.001 sen − 0.001 0.00001570796327
= = −𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟓𝟑𝟗𝟖𝟏𝟔𝟑𝟓
2(−0.001) −0.002
0 ----------------------------------------------------

0.001 sen 0.001 0.00001570796327

= = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟓𝟑𝟗𝟖𝟏𝟔𝟑𝟓
2(0.001) 0.002
0.01 sen 0.01 0.000157079632
= = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟓𝟑𝟗𝟖𝟏𝟔
2(0.01) 0.02
0.1 sen 0.1 0.001570795681
= = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟕𝟖𝟓𝟑𝟗𝟕𝟖𝟒𝟎𝟓
2(0.1) 0.2
 𝑥 2 −9
4. lim
𝑥→3 𝑥−3

X 3.1 3.01 3.001 3 2.999 2.99 2.9

𝑥2 − 9 6.1 6.01 6.001 5.999 5.99 5.9
𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥−3

𝑥2 − 9
lim
𝑥→0 𝑥 − 3

X 𝑥 2 −9
F(x)=
𝑥−3

3.1 3.12 − 9 9.61 − 9 0.61

= = = 𝟔. 𝟏
3.1 − 3 0.1 0.1
3.01 3.012 − 9 9.0601 − 9 0.0601
= = = 𝟔. 𝟎𝟏
3.01 − 3 0.01 0.01
3.001 3.0012 − 9 9.006001 − 9 0.006001
= = = 𝟔. 𝟎𝟎𝟏
3.001 − 3 0.001 0.001
3 ----------------------------------------------------

2.999 2.9992 − 9 8.994001 − 9 −0.005999

= = = 𝟓. 𝟗𝟗𝟗
2.999 − 3 −0.001 −0.001
2.99 2.992 − 9 8.9401 − 9 −0.0599
= = = 𝟓. 𝟗𝟗
2.99 − 3 −0.01 −0.01
2.9 2.92 − 9 8.41 − 9 −0.59
= = = 𝟓. 𝟗
2.9 − 3 −0.1 −0.1
 𝑥 4 −2𝑥 2 −𝑥 2
5. lim 𝑥2
𝑥→0

X -0.1 -0.01 -0.001 0 0.001 0.01 0.1

𝑥4 − 2𝑥2 − 𝑥2 −𝟐. 𝟗𝟗 −𝟐. 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗 −𝟐. 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗 −𝟐. 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗 −𝟐. 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗 −𝟐. 𝟗𝟗
𝑓(𝑥) =
𝑥2

𝑥 4 − 2𝑥 2 − 𝑥 2
lim
𝑥→0 𝑥2

X 𝑥 4 −2𝑥 2 −𝑥 2
F(x)=
𝑥2

2
-0.1 −0.14 − 2(−0.1 ) − (−0.12 ) 0.0001 − 0.02 − 0.01 −0.0299
= = = −𝟐. 𝟗𝟗
−0.12 0.01 0.01
2
-0.01 −0.014 − 2(−0.01 ) − (−0.012 ) 0.00000001 − 0.0002 − 0.0001 −0.00029999
= = = −𝟐. 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗
−0.012 0.0001 0.0001
-0.001 −0.0014 − 2(−0.0012 ) − (−0.0012 ) 0.000000000001 − 0.000002 − 0.000001 −0.000002999999
= = = −𝟐. 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗
−0.0012 0.000001 0.000001
0 ----------------------------------------------------
2
0.001 0.0014 − 2(0.001 ) − (0.0012 ) 0.000000000001 − 0.000002 − 0.000001 −0.000002999999
= = = −𝟐. 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗
0.0012 0.000001 0.001
2
0.01 0.014 − 2(0.01 ) − (0.012 ) 0.00000001 − 0.0002 − 0.0001 −0.00029999
= = = −𝟐. 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗
0.012 0.0001 0.0001
2
0.1 0.14 − 2(0.1 ) − (0.12 ) 0.0001 − 0.02 − 0.01 −0.0299
= = = −𝟐. 𝟗𝟗
0.12 0.01 0.01
 UNIDAD No: 1 LÍMITES Y CONTINUIDAD

OBJETIVO:

1. Que los estudiantes encuentren el límite de una función haciendo uso de teoremas.
2. Identifiquen la técnica a aplicar para encontrar el límite de funciones con la
indeterminación 0 0.
TEMA: Algebra de límites. Formas indeterminadas 0 0. Técnica de la factorización
y racionalización.

INDICACIONES:

Encuentre el límite de cada función e indique los teoremas que ha utilizado en cada
paso.

1. lim (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 1)
𝑥→−2

lim 𝑋 2 + lim 2𝑋 − lim 1

𝑋→−2 𝑋→−2 𝑋→−2

lim(−2)2 + 2 lim(−2) − 𝑙𝑖𝑚1

(−2)2 + 2(−2) − 1

4 + (−4) − 1

R/-1

2. lim (1 − 2𝑥)
𝑥→−1

lim 1 − lim 2𝑥
𝑋→−1 𝑋→−1

lim1 – 2 lim -1

1-2(-1)

R/ 3
3. lim(4 − 𝑥)
𝑥→3

lim 4 − lim x
𝑋→3 𝑋→3

4-3

R/ 1

4. lim (𝑥 + 3)2
𝑥→−4

lim 𝑋 2 + lim 32
𝑋→−4 𝑋→−4

(−42 ) + 32
16+9

R/ 25

5. lim (2𝑥 3 + 15)13

𝑥→−2

lim 2𝑋 3 + lim 15
𝑋→−2 𝑋→−2

2lim−23 + 𝑙𝑖𝑚15

(2(−8) + 15)13
(−16 + 15)13

𝑹/−𝟏

𝑥−3
6. lim 𝑥 2 +4
𝑥→1

lim 𝑋 − lim3
𝑋→1 𝑋→1
lim 𝑥 2 + lim 4
𝑋→1 𝑋→1

1−3
(1)2 + 4
−𝟐
R/ 𝟓
 5𝑥
7. lim
𝑥→7 √𝑥+2

lim5X
𝑋→7

lim 𝑋 + lim 2
√𝑋→7 𝑋→7

5𝑙𝑖𝑚7
√7 + 2

5(7)
√9

𝟑𝟓
R/ 𝟑

8. lim √𝑥 + 1
𝑥→3

lim 𝑋 + lim1
√𝑋→3 𝑋→3

√3 + 1

√4

R/2

9. lim √3𝑋 − 5
𝑥→3

lim 3𝑋 − lim5
√𝑋→3 𝑋→3

√3𝑙𝑖𝑚3 − 5

√3(3) − 5

√9 − 5

√4

R/2
 √𝑥+1
10. lim
𝑥→3 𝑥−4

lim 𝑋 + lim1
√𝑋→3 𝑋→3

lim 𝑋 − lim4
𝑋→3 𝑋→3

√3 + 1
3−4

√4
−1
𝟐
R/−𝟏

1
11. lim 𝑥
𝑥→2

lim1
𝑥→2
lim𝑋
𝑥→2

𝟏
𝑹/
𝟐

3
12. lim √𝑥 + 4
𝑥→4

3
lim 𝑋 + lim4
√𝑋→4 𝑋→4

3
√4 + 4

3
√8

𝑹/𝟐
Calcular el valor de cada uno de los siguientes límites, haciendo uso de alguna técnica de
cancelación.

𝑥 4 +2𝑥 2 −𝑥 2 04 +2(0)2− 02 0
1. lim =0
𝑥→0 𝑥2 02

𝑥 4 + 2𝑥 2 − 𝑥 2

𝑋 2 (𝑋 2 + 2 − 1)

𝑥 2 (𝑥 2 + 2 − 1)
lim
𝑥→0 𝑥2

lim(02 + 2 − 1)
𝑥→0

R/1

𝑥 2 −9
2. lim
𝑥→3 𝑥−3

32 −9 9−9 0
lim =
𝑥→3 3−3 0 0

X2 -9
(X+3) (X-3)

(𝑋 + 3)(𝑋 − 3)
=𝑋+3
𝑋−3

lim(𝑋 + 3)
𝑥→3

lim𝑋 + lim3
𝑥→3 𝑥→3

3+3
R/6
 𝑥 2 +4𝑥−21
3. lim
𝑥→−7 𝑥+7

(−7)2 + 4(−7) − 21 0
=
−7 + 7 0

𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 21

(x+7) (x-3)

(𝑥 + 7)(𝑥 − 3)
lim
𝑥→−7 𝑥+7

lim (𝑥 − 3)
𝑥→−7

lim 𝑥 − lim 3
𝑥→−7 𝑥→−7

lim -7- lim 3

(-7)-3

R/ -10

𝑥 2 −𝑥−6
4. lim
𝑥→3 𝑥−3

32 − 3 − 6 0
=
𝑋−3 0
X2-X-6

(X-3) (X+2)

(𝑋 − 3)(𝑋 + 2)
lim
𝑥→3 𝑋−3

lim(X+2)
𝑥→3

lim𝑋 + lim2
𝑥→3 𝑥→3

3+2
R/ 5
 𝑥 3 −1
5. lim
𝑥→1 𝑥−1

13 − 1 0
=
1−1 0

𝑥3 − 1

X-1

(X2+X (1) +12)

(X-1) (X2+X+1)

(X − 1)(𝑋 2 + X + 1)
lim
𝑥→1 𝑋−1

lim𝑋 2 + 𝑋 + 1
𝑥→1

lim𝑋 2 + lim𝑋 + lim1

𝑥→1 𝑥→1 𝑥→1

lim1 + lim1 + lim1

𝑥→1 𝑥→1 𝑥→1

1+1+1

R/3

𝑥−2
6. lim 𝑥 2 −𝑥−2
𝑥→2

2−2 0
=
22 − 2 − 2 0

X2-X-2

(X-2) (X+1)
 𝑋−2
lim
𝑥→2 (𝑋 − 2)(𝑋 + 1)

lim𝑋 + 1
𝑥→2

lim𝑋 + lim1
𝑥→2 𝑥→2

2+1

R/ 3

𝑥−1
7. lim
𝑥→1 √𝑥−1

1−1 0
=
1−1 0

(√𝑋 − 1) ( √𝑋+1)= (√𝑋)2 -1 = X-1

𝑋 − 1(√𝑋 + 1)
lim
𝑥→1 𝑋−1

(√𝑋 + 1)
lim
𝑥→1 1

1+1
1
𝟐
R/𝟏

√𝑥+3−√3
8. lim
𝑥→0 𝑥

√0 + 3 − √3 0 − √3 0
= =
0 0 0

√𝑋 + 3 − √3 √𝑋 + 3 + √3
.
𝑋 √𝑋 + 3 + √3
2
(√𝑋 + 3) + (√3)2
𝑥 . √𝑋 + 3 + √3
 𝑥+3−3
𝑥 . √𝑋 + 3 + √3

𝑥
𝑥 . √𝑋 + 3 + √3

1
√𝑋 + 3 + √3

1
lim
𝑥→0 √𝑋 + 3 + √3

1
√0 + 3 + √3

1
√3 + √3
𝟏
R/ 𝟐√𝟑

√𝑥+5−3
9. lim
𝑥→4 𝑥−4

√4+5−3 √9−3 3−3 0

= = =
4−4 0 0 0

(√𝑋+5+3)
(√𝑋 + 5 − 3) .
√𝑋+5+3

(√𝑋 + 5)2 − (32 )

(𝑋 − 4)(√𝑋 + 5 + 3)

𝑋+5−9
(𝑋 − 4)(√𝑋 + 5 + 3)

𝑋−4
(𝑋 − 4)(√𝑋 + 5 + 3)

1
√𝑋 + 5 + 3
 1
lim
𝑥→4 √𝑋 +5+3
1
lim
𝑥→4 √4 +5+3
1
√9 + 3
1
3+3
𝟏
R/ 𝟔

√𝑥 2 +9−3
10. lim
𝑥→0 𝑥2

√02 + 9 − 3 √9 − 3 0
2
= =
0 0 0

√𝑋 2 +9−3 √𝑋 2 +9+3
.
𝑋2 √𝑋 2 +9+3

(√𝑋 2 + 9)2 − (3)2

𝑋 2 . (√𝑋 2 + 9 + 3)

𝑋2 + 9 − 9
𝑋 2 . (√𝑋 2 + 9 + 3)

𝑋2
𝑋 2 . (√𝑋 2 + 9 + 3)

1
√𝑋 2 + 9 + 3

1
lim
𝑥→0 √𝑋 2 +9+3

1
√02 + 9 + 3
 1
√9 + 3

1
3+3
𝟏
R/ 𝟔

1−√1−𝑥 2
11. lim
𝑥→0 𝑥2

1 − √1 − 02 1−1 0
2
= =
0 0 0

1 − √1 − 𝑥 2 1 + √1 − 𝑥 2
.
𝑋2 1 + √1 − 𝑥 2
2
((1)2 − (√1 − 𝑋 2 ))
𝑋 2 . (1 + √1 − 𝑋 2 )

12 − 1 − 𝑋 2
𝑋 2 . (1 + √1 − 𝑋 2 )

1
1 + √1 − 𝑋 2

1
lim
𝑥→0 1 + √1 − 02

1
1+1
𝟏
R/𝟐
 √2−𝑥−√2
12. lim
𝑥→0 2𝑥

√2−0−√2 √2−√2 0
= 0 =
2(0) 0

√2 − 𝑋 − √2 (√2 − 𝑋 + √2)
.
2(𝑋) (√2 − 𝑋 + √2)

2
(√2 − 𝑋) − (√2)2
2𝑋(√2 − 𝑋 + √2)

2−𝑋−2
2𝑋 . (√2 − 𝑋 + √2)

−1
2(√2 − 𝑋 + √2)

−1
lim
𝑥→0 2(√2 − 0 + √2)

−1
2(√2 + √2)

−𝟏
R/ 𝟐√𝟐
 UNIDAD No: 1 LÍMITES Y CONTINUIDAD
OBJETIVOS:
1. Que los estudiantes comprendan la idea de límite unilateral de una función y
además puedan calcularlo.
2. Puedan concluir a partir de los límites unilaterales cuando una función posee
límite.
TEMA: Límites unilaterales y bilaterales.

INDICACIONES: Para cada función, trace la gráfica, halle el límite que se indica,
si es que existe. Si el límite no existe, de la razón.

𝑥 + 3, 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 ≪ −2
1. 𝑓(𝑥) = {
3 − 𝑥, 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 > −2
lim 𝑓(𝑥)=3-x
𝑥−2+

3-2=1

lim 𝑓(𝑥)=x+3
𝑥−2−

2+3=1

lim 𝑓(𝑥)=3-x
𝑥−2

3-2=1

𝑥 2 − 4, 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 < 2
2. 𝑓(𝑥) = { 4 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 = 1
𝑥 + 2, 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 > 1

lim 𝑓(𝑥)=𝑥 2 + 2
𝑥−1+

1+2= 3

lim 𝑓(𝑥)=𝑥 2 − 4
𝑥−1−

1-4= 3
lim 𝑓(𝑥)= 4= 3
𝑥−1

𝑥 + 1, 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 < −1
2
3. 𝑓(𝑥) = {𝑥 𝑠𝑖 − 1 ≤ 𝑥 ≪ 1
1 − 𝑥, 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 > 1

lim 𝑓(𝑥)= 1-X

𝑥−1+

1-1= 0

lim 𝑓(𝑥)= X+1

𝑥−1−

1+1= 2

lim 𝑓(𝑥)= 𝑋 2
𝑥−1

12 = 1

√𝑥 2 − 9, 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 ≤ −3
4. 𝑓(𝑥) = {√9 − 𝑥 2 𝑠𝑖 − 3 < 𝑥 < 3
√𝑥 2 − 9 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 ≥ 3

lim 𝑓(𝑥)= √𝑋 2 − 9
𝑥−3+

√1 − 9 = √−8 = 2.82

lim 𝑓(𝑥)= √9 − 𝑋 2
𝑥−3−

√9 − 1= √8 = 2.82

lim 𝑓(𝑥)= √𝑋 2 − 9
𝑥−3

√1 − 9 = √8 = 2.82
 2 , 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 < 1
5. 𝑓(𝑥) = { −1 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 = 1
−3, 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 > 1
lim 𝑓(𝑥)= -3
𝑥−1+

lim 𝑓(𝑥) = 2
𝑥−1−

lim 𝑓(𝑥) = NO EXISTE

𝑥−1

Observe la gráfica siguiente y encuentre lo que se le pide posteriormente

a) lim− 𝑓(𝑥)= 0
𝑥−2

lim 𝑓(𝑥)= 0
𝑥−2+

lim 𝑓(𝑥) = 0
𝑥−2

b) lim− 𝑓(𝑥)= 2
𝑥−2

lim 𝑓(𝑥)= 4
𝑥−2+

lim 𝑓(𝑥) = NO EXISTE

𝑥−2
c) lim− 𝑓(𝑥)= 3
𝑥−2

lim 𝑓(𝑥)= 3
𝑥−2+

lim 𝑓(𝑥) = 3
𝑥−2

Apartir de las siguientes funciones

a) Dibuje su grafica
b) Determine los limites indicados

2 , 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 < 1
1. 𝑓(𝑥) = {−1 , 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 = 1
−3, 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 > 1

lim 𝑓(𝑥)= -3
𝑥−1+

lim 𝑓(𝑥)= -2
𝑥−1−

lim 𝑓(𝑥)= NO EXISTE

𝑥−1

𝑥 + 4, 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 ≤ −4
2. 𝑓(𝑥) = {
4 − 𝑥, 𝑠𝑖 − 4 < 𝑥

lim 𝑓(𝑥)= 4-(-4) =8

𝑥−4+

lim 𝑓(𝑥) = -4+4 =8

𝑥−4−

lim 𝑓(𝑥) =8
𝑥−4
 𝑥 2 , 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 ≤ 2
3. 𝑓(𝑥) = {
8 − 2𝑥, 𝑠𝑖 2 < 𝑥

lim 𝑓(𝑥)= 8-2X

𝑥−2+

8-2(2) =4

lim 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑋 2
𝑥−2−

22 = 4

lim 𝑓(𝑥) = 4
𝑥−2

𝑥 2 − 4, 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 < 2
4. 𝑓(𝑥) = {
4 − 𝑥 2 , 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 ≥ 2

lim 𝑓(𝑥)= 4 − 𝑋 2
𝑥−2+

4-4 = 0

lim 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑋 2 -4
𝑥−2−

4-4 = 0

lim 𝑓(𝑥) = 0
𝑥−2

𝑥 + 1 , 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 < −1
5. 𝑓(𝑥) = {𝑥 2 𝑠𝑖 − 1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1
2 − 𝑥, 𝑠𝑖 𝑥 > 1

lim 𝑓(𝑥)= 2-X =1

𝑥−1+
lim 𝑓(𝑥)= X+1 = 2
𝑥−1−

lim 𝑓(𝑥) = NO EXISTE

𝑥−1