De la ansiedad a la

epilepsia: cmo funciona

el canabis en nuestras
neuronas?

David Chaupis Meza

Neurociencia & Biologa estructural, BioinfoLab UPCH.
 Objetivos de la presentacin
El circuito elctrico del cerebro: las neuronas.
La epilepsia y el origen de las convulsiones.
Un mundo hiperexcitable.
De la ansiedad a la epilepsia el estudio actual.
El sistema endocanabinoide y la marihuana.
La implicacin mdica del aceite de canabis.
Educacin, investigacin y legalidad.
A propsito the history of epilepsy can
be summarized as 4000 years of
ignorance, superstition,
and stigma followed by 100
years of knowledge,
superstition, and stigma Kale (2007).
El circuito elctrico del cerebro: las
neuronas
Y cmo actan las neuronas...
 1

Glutamato para excitar

GABA para inhibir
Pueden las neuronas hacer
corto-circuito?
 La epilepsia y el origen de las
convulsiones
Unos datos:
Se estima que unos 65 millones de personas en todo el mundo
sufren de epilepsia.
El 70% de casos con epilepsia son de causa desconocida
(idioptica).
El 30% de los pacientes epilpticos sufren de resistencia a
drogas anti-epilepticas (DAE).
El diagnstico de Epilepsia refractaria (ER) o drogo-resistente se
basa en la falla de al menos 2 DAEs.
La muerte sbita inesperada por epilepsia (SUDEP, en ingls)
presenta una incidencia de 4 personas por cada 1000 (en ER).
 ATENCIN!

The seizure-free rates decreased from 61.8%

for the first AED (anti-epileptic drug) to 41.7%,
16.6%, and 0% after one, two to five, and six to
seven past AEDs proved inefficient.
By Schiller Y, & Najjar Y. (2008).
 High expression of

The natural glucocorticoid

Preguntas... P-glycoprotein in
human placenta
indicate that this
cortisol is also transporter may
extruded by P-glycoprotein also play an important
and it is expressed in the role in protecting the
placenta (Benediktsson fetus from
Pero por qu ciertos pacientes con epilepsia son
etal. 1997). maternal cortisol.
tratados satisfactoriamente,
ANSIEDAD mientras
MATERNAL que 1 de cada 3
falla el tratamiento?
ANSIEDAD

Hay
Expression alguna susceptibilidad por padecer de epilepsia y
of the
Multidrug Resistance
que esta
P-Glycoprotein, in sea resistente a frmacos?
Decreased
the Human Placenta
P-glycoprotein
Decreases
expression, thereby
with Advancing
increasing the
La
Gestation (M Sunepilepsia de puede transmitir de madresusceptibility
a hijo? of the
etal., 2005).
fetus to toxic insults.
Qu es la P-
glicoproteina??
 Un mundo hiperexcitable

James O. McNamara (1999)

De la ansiedad a la epilepsia el
estudio actual
 Pero qu es el cannabis o el
Qunnabu
In ancient Asyria were prescribed as a treatment for the
poison of all limbs (gan-zi-gun-nu, azallu or qunnabu).
In ancient Egypt it was used as incense as well as
medication for mothers and children.
The Scythians (around 700 B.C.), Herodotus describes
their use of cannabis as part of funerary customs. Burning
cannabis and inhaling the smoke made them howl in joy.
Galen was aware that it produces senseless talk.
In medieval Arab society, for over a millennium, hashish
was widely used for its psychoactive effects, although it
was formally prohibited
El sistema endocanabinoide y la
marihuana
El sistema endocanabinoide y la
marihuana
 La implicacin mdica del aceite de
canabis
Algunos avances, por ejemplo:
Brain trauma.- A Hebrew University group in Jerusalem found that after closed
head injury in mice, the level of the endogenous 2-AG was significantly elevated
(Panikashvili D et al., 2001).
Diabetes tipo 1.- Diabetes was diagnosed in only 32% of the mice in the CBD-
treated group, compared to 86% and 100% in the emulsifier-treated and
untreated groups (Weiss L et al., 2008).
Osteoporosis.- Reports that CBD enhances fracture healing an observation of
possible major clinical importance (Kogan et al., 2015).
Arthritis.- Showed that in mice CBD ameliorated the clinical symptoms of arthritis
induced by collagen (Malfalt AM et al., 2000).
Stress.- The Haifa group found that enhancing cannabinoids signaling, in part by
glucocorticoids, prevents the effects of acute stress (Akirav, 2013).
Parkinson.- Significant improvement was noted in tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia
and sleep and pain scores in Parkinsons patient (Lotan et al., 2014).
Leche Materna.- Milk was the only food analysed in which an endocannabinoid,
2-AG, was found in relatively high concentrations (0.3350.11 g ml-1 in human
milk) (V Di Marzo et al, 1998).
 Educacin, investigacin y
legalidad.
Uso medicinal: por qu no
recreativo?*
*Se ha demostrado que el THC
afecta a la maduracin neuronal
(synaptic pruning), alterando la
No hay legalidad conectividad talamo-cortical (Chiaki
Itami et al,. 2016).
sin educacin, no Orientados a soluciones, no
hay educacin suposiciones.
En la actualidad, es bien sabido los
sin investigacin. pro-contral de la marihuana
necesitamos investigar su
desempeo clnico basados en su
mecanismo biomolecular.
GRACIAS POR ESTAR ATENTOS!

Para una cultura canbica consciente, una

masa crtica exigente. Investiga!

contacto: david.chaupis.m@upch.pe
971730038