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Tema - 14 - 3 - Estabilidad Detallada - Derivadas Estabilidad Lateral-Direccional
Tema - 14 - 3 - Estabilidad Detallada - Derivadas Estabilidad Lateral-Direccional
Sideslip Derivatives
fuselaje
Wing contribution
AR – alargamiento ala
Λ – flecha ala
aproximación 1/rad
Ref: Smetana
/
Body Reference Area = fuselage volume
- wing-fuselage interference factor
Ref: Smetana
Fig A5
Fig B6
Fig A5
Fig B5
Ref: Pamadi
Fig B15
Fig B14
180
Γx
Γ
A theoretical study for unswept ,elliptical wings with zero dihedral (NASA TR-1269)
o
– estrechamiento y AR – Alargamiento ala
Contribución vertical
Ref: Smetana
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 16
Contribución Ala - I
horizontal V-tail
ala
Método II
vertical canard
Contribución canard,horizontal y V-tail muy pequeñas → despreciable en 1ª aproximación
Fig B9
Fig B13
Ref: Pamadi Fig B10
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 19
Fig B9 – Cont. I
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 20
Fig B9 – Cont. II
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 21
Fig B9 – Cont. III
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 22
Fig B10
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 23
Fig B11
Ref: Pamadi
Derivadas en 1/deg,
por lo que hay que convertirla
Ref: Pamadi
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 26
Fig B13 – Cont. I
Ref: Pamadi
Ref: Pamadi
=
Fig B5
Ref: Pamadi
Ref: Pamadi
Contribución de estabilizador
horizontal al efecto de diedro
Contribución canard
Contribución diedro
→Asumir aproximación
Diedro en radianes
→increase in section drag coefficient (2D) per unit increase in angle of attack
desestabilizante
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 39
Lateral-Directional
Strip theory analysis of win sweep effect (Pamadi)
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 40
Contribución Vertical - I
Contribución vertical
Método I
xcg Xac,t
=
Fig B5
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 41
Contribución Vertical - II
Fig B5
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 42
Contribución Vertical - III
Pendiente de sustentación se puede obtener Fig A19
Fig A20
Fig A21
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 43
Contribución Vertical - IV
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 44
Contribución Vertical - V
Fig A20
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 46
Contribución Vertical - VII
Fig A21
Ref: Pamadi
Ref: DARCorp
Método II
180 1
Hay que convertir a 1/rad
Fig B4
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 49
Fig B3
Ref: Pamadi
1) Identificar
5) Para un determinar
,
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 51
Fig B4
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 52
Contribución Fuselaje - II
Método III
B6
Ref: Smetana
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 53
Fig B6
diameter of prop
The second intermediate calculation parameter is obtained from Figure 8.130 in Airplane Design Part VI and
is a function of the number of propeller blades and the nominal propeller blade angle at 75% radius.
Fig A17
diameter of prop
The second intermediate calculation parameter is obtained from Figure 8.130 in Airplane Design Part VI and
is a function of the number of propeller blades and the nominal propeller blade angle at 75% radius.
Fig A17
Datos experimentales
Ref: Pamadi
Datos experimentales
The roll damping parameter at zero lift is found from Figure 10.35 in Airplane Design Part VI and is a function
of the wing aspect ratio, the Prandtl-Glauert transformation factor, the sectional lift curve slope obtained
through the Prandtl-Glauert transformation factor, the wing quarter chord sweep angle, and the taper ratio:
canard
vertical
Contribución canard,horizontal y V-tail muy pequeñas → despreciable en 1ª aproximación
wing contribution
Strip theory
Aproximación
Strip theory ignores the induced drag effects and the mutual interference between
adjacent wing sections → aproximación no válida para AR pequeños
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 76
Contribución Ala - I
Ref: Pamadi
Aproximación para AR normales
is the vertical distance between the center of gravity and the wing root chord,
positive for center of gravity above the root chord.
Datos experimentales
Fig A22
is the vertical distance between the aerodynamic center of the vertical tail and
the center of gravity measured perpendicular to the fuselage centerline,
is the corresponding horizontal distance measured parallel to the fuselage
centerline
Canard
. . superficie lifting surface Horizontal
superficie alar V-tail
. envergadura lifting surface
envergadura ala
Ref: Roskam
emplear ecuaciones para contribución ala
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 82
Contribución Horizontal
Contribución horizontal . . → Método I
vertical
wing contribution
Strip theory
Aproximación
Strip theory ignores the induced drag effects and the mutual interference between
adjacent wing sections → aproximación no válida para AR pequeños
SM (márgen estático)
is the vertical distance between the aerodynamic center of the vertical tail and
the center of gravity measured perpendicular to the fuselage centerline,
is the corresponding horizontal distance measured parallel to the fuselage
centerline
vertical
tail contribution
vertical
Wing contribution
Aproximación
Strip theory ignores the induced drag effects and the mutual interference between
adjacent wing sections → aproximación no válida para AR pequeños
diedro flap
Fig A23
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 97
Contribución Ala Ref: DarCorp
The increment in the rolling-moment-coefficient-due-to-yaw-rate due to wing twist is determined from Figure
10.42 in Airplane Design Part VI and is a function of wing aspect ratio and wing taper ratio
Fig A34
Fig A35
is the vertical distance between the aerodynamic center of the vertical tail and
the center of gravity measured perpendicular to the fuselage centerline,
is the corresponding horizontal distance measured parallel to the fuselage
centerline
vertical
Wing contribution
Aproximación
Strip theory ignores the induced drag effects and the mutual interference between
adjacent wing sections → aproximación no válida para AR pequeños
Fig A24
Fig A25
es función del SM
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 104
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 105
Fig A25 - I
SM (Margen estático) = 0
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 106
Fig A25 - I
SM (Margen estático) = 0.2
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 107
Fig A25 - I
SM (Margen estático) = 0.4
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 108
Contribución Vertical
Tail contribution Ref: Pamadi/Roskam
per radia
is the vertical distance between the aerodynamic center of the vertical tail and
the center of gravity measured perpendicular to the fuselage centerline,
is the corresponding horizontal distance measured parallel to the fuselage
centerline
is the vertical distance between the aerodynamic center of the vertical tail and
the center of gravity measured perpendicular to the fuselage centerline,
is the corresponding horizontal distance measured parallel to the fuselage
centerline
Fig A26
Fig A27
Fig A28
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 112
Fig A26
A – Alargamiento vertical
Λ flecha vertical
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 113
Fig A27
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 114
Fig A28
Ref: Pamadi
Cálculo de Aeronaves © Sergio Esteban Roncero, sesteban@us.es 115
Contribución Vertical
. .
.
.
. .
is the vertical distance between the aerodynamic center of the vertical tail and
the center of gravity measured perpendicular to the fuselage centerline,
is the corresponding horizontal distance measured parallel to the fuselage
centerline
Fig A27
Fig A26
Fig A28