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DISEÑO DE ESCALERA TIPO U

Diseñar la escalera que se muestra en la figura

tn ≔ 1 tonne
DATOS:

kg
f'c ≔ 210 ―― P ≔ 25 cm
cm 2
kg CP ≔ 17 cm
fy ≔ 4200 ――
cm 2 kg
γc ≔ 2400 ――
m3
kg kg
Sc ≔ 400 ―― ac ≔ 100 ――
m2 m2

L1 ≔ 2 m L2 ≔ 1.2 m L3 ≔ 1.2 m
L4 ≔ 2 m L5 ≔ 1.2 m B ≔ 1.2 m

Dimensionamiento
PRIMER TRAMO
Ln1 ≔ L1 + L2 Ln1 ≔ 3
Ln1 Ln1
t1 ≔ ―― = 0.15 t2 ≔ ―― = 0.12
20 25

3 3
t1 ≔ ― = 0.15 t2 ≔ ― = 0.12 t ≔ 15 cm
20 25

SEGUNDO TRAMO
Ln2 ≔ L3 + L4 + L5 Ln2' ≔ 4.6
Ln2 Ln2
t1 ≔ ―― = 0.22 m t2 ≔ ―― = 0.18 m
20 25

4.6 4.6
t1 ≔ ―― = 0.23 t2 ≔ ―― = 0.18 t ≔ 20 cm
20 25

Calculo Tramo inclinado y angulo

P explicit , ALL 25 cm
θ ≔ ―――― ――――→ ――――――――
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2
P + CP
2 2
((25 cm)) + ((17 cm))

coseno de θ = 0.83
t ≔ 15 cm
t
h ≔ ― h = 18 cm
θ

CP
hm ≔ h + ――hm = 27 cm
2
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Metrado de cargas losa gradas.

Metrado de cargas losa Wu1
Pes ≔ hm ⋅ B ⋅ γc ⋅ 1.4

Pes ≔ 0.27 ⋅ 1.2 ⋅ 2400 ⋅ 1.4 = 1088.64

Pac ≔ ac ⋅ B ⋅ 1.4

Pac ≔ 100 ⋅ 1.2 ⋅ 1.4 = 168

Psc ≔ Sc ⋅ B ⋅ 1.7

Psc ≔ 400 ⋅ 1.2 ⋅ 1.7 = 816

Wu1 ≔ Pes + Pac + Psc = 2072.64 kg/ m

kg
Wu1 ≔ 2072.64 ――
m

Metrado de cargas losa Wu2

Pes ≔ t ⋅ B ⋅ γc ⋅ 1.4 Pes ≔ 0.15 ⋅ 1.2 ⋅ 2400 ⋅ 1.4 = 604.8

Pes ≔ 0.15 ⋅ 1.2 ⋅ 2400 ⋅ 1.4 = 604.8

Pac ≔ ac ⋅ B ⋅ 1.4

Pac ≔ 100 ⋅ 1.2 ⋅ 1.4 = 168

Psc ≔ Sc ⋅ B ⋅ 1.7
L1 ≔ 1.95 m L2 ≔ 1.05 m
Psc ≔ 400 ⋅ 1.2 ⋅ 1.7 = 816

Wu2 ≔ Pes + Pac + Psc = 1588.8 kg/ m

Wu2 = 1588.8

Calculo de reacciones
∑ MB ＝ 0

Wu1 ≔ -2.07 Wu2 ≔ -1.59

L1 ≔ 1.95 L2 ≔ 1.05

⎛ L1 ⎞ L2 solve , RA , float , 6
RA ≔ RA ⋅ ⎛⎝L1 + L2⎞⎠ - Wu1 ⋅ L1 ⋅ ⎜― + L2⎟ - Wu2 ⋅ ― ⋅ L2 ―――――― → -3.0168
⎝ 2 ⎠ 2

RA ≔ 3.02
RA
x ≔ ――
Wu1

x = -1.4589
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x2
M (x) ≔ RA ⋅ x + Wu1 ⋅ ――
2

M (1.4589) = 2.203
L1 = 1.95
x ≔ 0 , 0.05 ‥ 2.95 L2 = 1.05

M ≔ 2.17 1.45
1.05
0.7
0.35
0
-0.35 0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 3
-0.7
-1.05 -M ((x))
-1.4
-1.75
-2.2
-2.1
-2.45

CALCULO DEL AREA DE ACERO

x
DATOS
t ≔ 15 cm
r ≔ 2.5 cm
ϕv ≔ 1.27 cm
⎛ ϕv ⎞
d ≔ t - ⎜r + ―― ⎟ d = 0.12 m
⎝ 2 ⎠
d
a≔― a = 0.02 m
5
Φ ≔ 0.9 b ≔ 1.2 m
M1 ≔ 2.1 tn ⋅ m

M1
AS ≔ ――――― AS = 5.2 cm 2
⎛ a⎞
Φ ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―⎟
⎝ 2⎠

AS ⋅ fy
a ≔ ――――
0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b
M1
AS ≔ ――――― AS = 4.89 cm 2
⎛ a⎞
Φ ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―⎟
⎝ 2⎠

AS ⋅ fy
a ≔ ――――
0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b
M1
AS ≔ ――――― AS = 4.88 cm 2
⎛ a⎞ Asmin ≔ 0.0018 ⋅ 120 ⋅ 12 = 2.59 OK
Φ ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―⎟
⎝ 2⎠ 0.71
ϕ 3/ 8" AREA ES 0.71 S ≔ ―― S = 0.15
4.88
AS ⋅ fy
a ≔ ―――― 4.88
0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b D ≔ ――= 6.87 D≔7
0.71

RESULTADO ϕ 3/ 8"@0.15
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ACERO NEGATIVO el mayor de estos dos valores

b = 1.2 m d = 0.12 m
Asmin ≔ 0.0018 b ⋅ d = 2.56 cm 2

AS
―― = 1.627 cm 2
3
0.71
se toma entonces A_S ≔ 2.56 S ≔ ―― S = 0.28
2.56

RESULTADO ϕ 3/ 8"@0.28

ACERO TEMPERATURA
b = 1.2 m d = 0.12 m
Asmin ≔ 0.0018 b ⋅ d = 2.56 cm 2
0.71
se toma entonces AST ≔ 2.56 S ≔ ―― S ≔ 0.25
2.56

RESULTADO acero temperatura ϕ 3/ 8"@0.25

ARMADO DE ACERO PRIMER TRAMO

ϕ 3/ 8"@0.28

ϕ 3/ 8"@0.25

ϕ 3/ 8"@0.15

ϕ 3/ 8"@0.28

CALCULO PARA EL SEGUNDO TRAMO

x2
M ((x)) ≔ 3.05 ⋅ x - 1.32 ⋅ ――
2

d solve , x , float , 3
D ((x)) ≔ ―― M ((x)) →
―-1.32 ⋅ x + 3.05 ―――――→ 2.31
dx

x ≔ D ((x)) →
―2.31

x = 2.31