Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
¿que buscamos ? ⌠
⌡ f ((x)) d x
determinar la derivada de la función:
derivada
dy
y=x n
―= n ⋅ x
n-1
derivada dx
dy
y = P ((x)) ⋅ Q ((x)) ― = P ((x)) ⋅ Q' ((x)) + Q ((x)) ⋅ P' ((x))
dx
P ((x))
y = ―― derivada
Q ((x)) dy Q ((x)) ⋅ P' ((x)) - P ((x)) ⋅ Q' ((x))
― = ―――――――――
dx Q 2 ((x))
⌠ n xn + 1
determinar la integral de la función: ⌡ x d x = ―― +c
integrar n+1
dy
y=xn ―=n ⋅ xn - 1
dx
y = P ((x)) ⋅ Q ((x)) integrar
dy
― = P ((x)) ⋅ Q' ((x)) + Q ((x)) ⋅ P' ((x))
dx
P ((x))
y = ―― integrar
Q ((x)) dy Q ((x)) ⋅ P' ((x)) - P ((x)) ⋅ Q' ((x))
― = ―――――――――
dx Q 2 ((x))
integrar
dy x + 1
y=? ― = ――
dx x - 1
anti derivada
y=x3 f ((x)) = 3 ⋅ x 2
y=x3 + c f ((x)) = 3 ⋅ x 2
integrar
dy
―=3 x
2
y=x3 + c dx
⌠ 3 x4
⌡ x dx=―
4
+c
x3 :función integrando
dx :es el diferencial de x indica respecto a que variable
se debe integrar
CÍRCULO DE ESTUDIOS
MATEMÁTICA DUN DUN
TUTOR: I NG. SUCA YUNGA FROILAN CEL:+ 51 916338927
1.- I=⌠
⌡ 1 dx
solución:
I=⌠
⌡ 1 dx =x + c
2.- I=⌠
⌡ 5 dx
solución:
I=5 ⋅ x + c
solución:
⌠ ⌠
I = ⌡ ⎛⎝5 x 2 + 25 x - 6⎞⎠ d x = ⌡ ⎛⎝5 x 2 ⎞⎠ d x + ⌠ ( ) ⌠( )
⌡ (25 x) d x + ⌡ (-6) d x
⌠ n xn + 1
4)
⌡ x d x = ――+ c;n ≠ -1
n+1
⌠ x3 x2
I = 5 ⌡ x 2 d x + 25 ⌠
⌡ x d x - 6 ⌠ 1 dx=5 ―
⌡ + 25 ― -6 x+c
3 2
5 25
I = ―x 3 + ― x 2 - 6 x + c
3 2
⌠ 25 ⌠
I = ⎮ ――― dx 1 1 |u-a|
4.- 11) ⎮ ――― d u = ―― ⋅ ln |―― |+c
⎮
⌡ x 2
- 16 ⎮ u 2
- a 2
2⋅a |u+a|
⌡
solución:
⌠ 25 ⌠ 1 ⌠ 1 1 |x-4|
I = ⎮ ――― d x = 25 ⋅ ⎮ ――― d x = 25 ⋅ ⎮ ――― d x = 25 ⋅ ―― ⋅ ln |―― |+c
⎮ x 2
- 16 ⎮ x 2
- 16 ⎮ x 2
- 4 2 2⋅4 | x+4|
⌡ ⌡ ⌡
25 |x-4|
I = ― ⋅ ln |―― |+c
8 |x+4|
⌠ 1
5.- I = ⎮ ―――― dx ⌠ 1 1 | u-a|
11) ⎮ ―――d u = ――
⋅ ln |―― |+c
⌡ ((x + 4)) - 3
⎮ 2
⎮ 2⋅a | u+a|
⌡ u -a
2 2
solución: u = x + 4
du = dx
CÍRCULO DE ESTUDIOS
MATEMÁTICA DUN DUN
TUTOR: I NG. SUCA YUNGA FROILAN CEL:+ 51 916338927
⌠ ⌠ | |
1 1 1 x + 4 - ‾‾
|―――― 3|
I = ⎮ ―――― d x = ⎮ ―――――― d x = ――― ⋅ ln +c
| x + 4 + ‾‾
3 ||
⌡ ((x + 4)) - 3
⎮ ⎮ ((x + 4)) 2 - ⎛⎝ ‾‾
⎞
2 2
3⎠ 2 ⋅ ‾‾
3 |
⌡
| |
1 x + 4 - ‾‾
|―――― 3|
I = ――― ⋅ ln +c
2 ⋅ ‾‾
3 | x + 4 + ‾‾
3 |
| |
⌠ 1
6.- I = ⎮ ――――― dx
⎮
⌡ ( 4 x + 4 ) 2
- 3
solución:
⌠ 1 1 ⌠ 1
I = ⎮ ――――― d x = ― ⋅ ⎮ ――――― dx
⎮ 4 2
⋅ (
(x + 1)
)
2
- 3 4 2
⎮ 3
⌡ (x + 1) - ―
2
⎮ 42 | |
⌡ ‾‾
3 |
| x + 1 - ――
1 ⌠ 1 1 1 | 4 |
I=― ⋅ ⎮ ―――――― dx=― ⋅ ――― ⋅ ln |―――― |+c
4 ⎮
2 ⎛ ‾‾⎞ 2
4 2
‾‾
3 | ‾‾
3 |
3
⎮ ((x + 1)) 2 - ⎜―― ⎟ 2 ⋅ ―― | x + 1 + ――
⎮
⌡ ⎜⎝ 4 ⎟⎠ 4 | 4 ||
| ‾‾|
3 |
| x + 1 - ――
‾‾
3 | 4 |
I = ―― ⋅ ln |―――― |+c
24 | ‾‾
3 |
| x + 1 + ――
4 ||
|
⌠ 1 ⌠
I = ⎮ ――――d x 1 1 ⎛u⎞
7.- 10) ⎮ ――― d u = ―⋅ arctg ⎜― ⎟+c
⎮ ((4 x)) 2 + ‾‾
3 ⎮ u 2
+ a 2
a ⎝ a⎠
⌡ ⌡
solución:
⌠ 1 ⌠ 1 ⌠ 1
I = ⎮ ――――d x = ⎮ ――――d x = ⎮ ―――――d x
⎮ (4 x) 2 + ‾‾
3 ⎮ 4 2 ⋅ x 2 + ‾‾
3 ⎮ 2 ⎛ 2 ‾‾
3⎟
⎞
⌡ ⌡ ⎮ 4 ⋅ ⎜x + ――
⎮ ⎜⎝ 4 2 ⎟⎠
⌡
1 ⌠ 1 1 ⌠ 1 1 ⌠ 1
I = ― ⎮ ―――― d x = ― ⎮ ――――― d x = ― ⎮ ―――――d x
16 ⎮ ⎛ ‾‾
3
⎞ 16 ⎮ ⎛ ‾‾‾⎞ 2
16 ⎮ ⎛ ‾‾‾ ⎞ 2
‾‾
3 ‾‾
3⎟
⎮ ⎜x + ―― ⎟ ⎝ ⎠ ⎮ x 2 + ⎜――
2
⎮ x 2 + ―――
⎜ 4 ⎠
2
⎟ ⎜⎝ 4 ⎟⎠
⌡⎝
⎮ ⎮
⌡ 4 2 ⎮
⌡
1 ⎛ x ⎞ 4 ⎛ 4x ⎞
I = ――― ⋅ arctg ⎜――― ⎟ + c = ―― ⋅ arctg ⎜――⎟ + c
‾‾‾
‾‾ ⎜ ‾‾‾
‾‾ ‾‾‾
‾‾ ⎜⎝ ‾‾‾
‾‾
3 3 ⎟ 3 3 ⎟⎠
―― ⎜ ―― ⎟
4 ⎝ 4 ⎠
CÍRCULO DE ESTUDIOS
MATEMÁTICA DUN DUN
TUTOR: I NG. SUCA YUNGA FROILAN CEL:+ 51 916338927
4 ⎛ 4x ⎞
I = ―― ⋅ arctg ⎜――⎟ + c
‾‾‾
‾‾ ⎜⎝ ‾‾‾
‾‾
3 3 ⎟⎠
⌠ ⌠ un + 1
8.- I = ⌡ (x + 5) 100 d x 6) ⌡ u n d u = ――+ c ;
n+1
solución: u=x + 5
1 ⋅ du = ((1 + 0)) ⋅ dx
du = dx
⌠ ((x + 5))
101
I = ⌡ ((x + 5)) 100 d x = ――― + c
101
⌠
I=⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⌡ x + 2 x - 1 dx
2
1.-
solución:
= ⎛⎝x 2 + 2 x + 1 2 ⎞⎠ - 1 2 - 1
= ((x + 1)) 2 - 2
⌠ ‾‾‾‾‾‾ u a2 | |
5) ⎮ u 2 - a 2 d u = ―⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
u 2 - a 2 - ―― ⋅ ln |u + ‾‾‾‾‾‾
u2 - a2 | + c
reemplazando: ⌡ 2 2
⌠ ⌠
I=⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
x + 2 x - 1 d x = ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
( )2
⌡ (x + 1) - 2 d x
2
⌡ ⎮
x+1 a2 | |
I = ――⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
x 2 + 2 x - 1 - ― ⋅ ln |x + 1 + ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
x2 + 2 x - 1 | + c
2 2
CÍRCULO DE ESTUDIOS
MATEMÁTICA DUN DUN
TUTOR: I NG. SUCA YUNGA FROILAN CEL:+ 51 916338927
⌠ 1
2.- I = ⎮ ―――――― dx
⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⌡ -2 x + 2 x - 1
2
solución:
⎛ 1 ⎞2 ⎛ 1 ⎞2
= -2 ⎜x - ― ⎟ +2 ⎜― ⎟ -1
⎝ 2⎠ ⎝2⎠
⎛ 1 ⎞2 1
= -2 ⎜x - ― ⎟ -―
⎝ 2⎠ 2
reemplazando :
⌠ 1 ⌠ 1 ⌠ 1
I = ⎮ ―――――― d x = ⎮ ――――――d x = ⎮ ――――――d x
⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ ⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎛ 1 ⎞2 1 ⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎛ 1 ⎞2 1
⌡ -2 x + 2 x - 1
2
⎮ -2 ⎜ x - ― ⎟ - ― ⎮ -2 ⎜ x - ― ⎟ -―
⌡ ⎝ 2⎠ 2 ⌡ ⎝ 2⎠ 2
⌠ 1 ⌠ 1
⎮ ――――d u ≠ ⎮ ―――――― du
⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ ⎮ ‾‾‾ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
⌡ -u - a ⌡ -1 ⋅ u + a
2 2 2 2
⌠ 1
3.- I = ⎮ ――――――d x
⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⌡ -5 - 12 x - 3 x
2
solución:
completar cuadrados: -5 - 12 x - 3 x 2 = -3 x 2 - 12 x - 5
= -3 ⎛⎝x 2 + 4 x⎞⎠ - 5
= -3 ⎛⎝x 2 + 4 x + 2 2 - 2 2 ⎞⎠ - 5
= -3 ⎛⎝((x + 2) 2 - 2 2 ⎞⎠ - 5
= -3 ((x + 2)) 2 + 3 ⋅ 2 2 - 5
= -3 ((x + 2)) 2 + 7
CÍRCULO DE ESTUDIOS
MATEMÁTICA DUN DUN
TUTOR: I NG. SUCA YUNGA FROILAN CEL:+ 51 916338927
reemplazando:
⌠ 1 ⌠ 1 ⌠ 1
I = ⎮ ――――――d x = ⎮ ―――――― d x = ⎮ ――――― d x
⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ ⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ ⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⌡ -5 - 12 x - 3 x ⌡ -3 ((x + 2) + 7 ⌡ 7 - 3 ((x + 2)
2 2 2
⌠ 1 ⌠ 1 ⎛u⎞
I = ⎮ ――――― d x 1) ⎮ ―――― d u = arcsen ⎜―⎟ + c
⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾ ⎝a⎠
⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
( )2 a2 - u2
⌡ 7 - 3 (x + 2) ⌡
⌠ 1 ⌠ 1 ⌠ 1
I = ⎮ ―――――― d x = ⎮ ―――――― d x = ⎮ ―――――― d x ‾‾‾
a ⋅ b = ‾‾
a ⋅ ‾‾
b
⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ ⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎛7 ⎞ ⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎛7 ⎞
⌡ 7 - 3 ((x + 2))
2
⎮ 3 ⎜―- (x + 2) ⎟ ⎮ 3 ⎜―- (x + 2) ⎟
2 2
⌡ ⎝3 ⎠ ⌡ ⎝3 ⎠
⌠ 1 ⌠ 1 1 ⌠ 1
I = ⎮ ――――――d x = ⎮ ―――――― d x = ―― ⋅ ⎮ ――――――― dx
⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎛7 ⎞ ⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
7 ‾‾
3 ⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎛ ‾‾
7 ⎞ 2
‾‾
⎮ 3 ⎜―- ((x + 2)) ⎟ ⎮ 3 ⋅ ―- ((x + 2))
2 2
⎮ ⎜ ― ⎟ - ((x + 2)) 2
⌡ ⎝3 ⎠ ⌡ 3 3
⌡ ⎝
⎮ ⎠
1 ⎛x+2⎞
I = ―― ⋅ arcsen ⎜―― ⎟+c
‾‾
3 ⎜ ‾‾
7 ⎟
―
⎜⎝ 3 ⎟⎠
⌠ 25 x + 2
1.- I = ⎮ ―――― dx
⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⌡ x +2 x
2
solución:
⌠ 25
⎮ ― (2 x + 2) ⌠
⎮ 2 23 25 ⌠ ((2 x + 2)) ⌠ 1
I = ⎮ ―――― d x - ⎮ ―――― d x = ― ⋅ ⎮ ―――― d x - 23 ⎮ ―――― dx
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ ⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ 2 ⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ ⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎮
⌡ x +2 x
2
⌡ x +2 x
2
⌡ x +2 x
2
⌡ x +2 x
2
I1 I2
⌠ (2 x + 2) ⌠ (2 x + 2)
( ) ( )
I1 = ⎮ ―――― dx=2 ⎮ ―――― d x = 2 ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
x 2 + 2 x + c1
⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ ⎮ 2 ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⌡ x +2 x x2 + 2 x
2
⌡
⌠ 1
I2 = ⎮ ―――― dx
⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
x 2
+ 2 x
⌡
x 2 + 2 x = x 2 + 2 x + 1 2 - 1 2 = ((x + 1)) 2 - 1 2
⌠ 1 | |
3) ⎮ ―――― d u = ln |u + ‾‾‾‾‾‾
u2 - a2 | + c
⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
u -a
2 2
⌡
⌠ 1 | |
I2 = ⎮ ―――――d x = ln |x + 1 + ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
((x + 1) 2 - 1 2 | + c2
⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⌡ ((x + 1)) - 1
2 2
CÍRCULO DE ESTUDIOS
MATEMÁTICA DUN DUN
TUTOR: I NG. SUCA YUNGA FROILAN CEL:+ 51 916338927
⌠ x ⋅ cos ((x))
1.- I = ⎮ ―――――――― dx
⎮
⌡ (
(xsen (
( x) + cos (
( x ) - 1) m
solución:
tomando diferencial: 1 ⋅ du = ((x ⋅ cos ((x)) + sen ((x)) ⋅ 1 - sen ((x)) - 0)) ⋅ dx
du = x ⋅ cos ((x)) ⋅ dx
CÍRCULO DE ESTUDIOS
MATEMÁTICA DUN DUN
TUTOR: I NG. SUCA YUNGA FROILAN CEL:+ 51 916338927
du x cos (x) dx
1
despejar el dx : dx = ――― ⋅ du
x ⋅ cos ((x))
⌠
x2
2.- I = ⎮ ――― dx
⎮ x3 - 8
⌡
solución:
hacer un cambio de variable,de manera que si tomamos el diferencial de esa
variable ,aparezca el el numerador
u=x3 - 8
tomando diferencial: du = 3 x 2 ⋅ dx
1
despejar el dx : dx = ―― ⋅ du
3 x2
⌠ ⌠ 2 ⌠1 1
x2 x 1 1 ⌠1 1
I = ⎮ ――― d x = ⎮― ⋅ ―― d u = ⎮ ―⋅ ―d u = ―⋅ ⎮ ―d u = ―⋅ ln ||u|| + c
⎮ x3 - 8 ⎮ u 3 x2 ⌡u 3
⎮ 3 ⎮⌡u 3
⌡ ⌡
1
I = ―⋅ ln ||x 3 - 8|| + c
3
⌠ 1 ⌠ 1 1
3.- I = ⎮ ――――――――― d x = ⎮ ―――⋅ ――――――d x
⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾2 ⎞ ⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎛ ⎞
⎛ 2⎞
⌡ ⎝1 + x ⎠ ⋅ ln ⎝x + 1 + x ⎠ ⌡
1 + x2 ln ⎝x + ‾‾‾‾‾
1 + x2 ⎠
solución:
CÍRCULO DE ESTUDIOS
MATEMÁTICA DUN DUN
TUTOR: I NG. SUCA YUNGA FROILAN CEL:+ 51 916338927
solución:
hacer un cambio de variable,de manera que si tomamos el diferencial de esa
variable ,aparezca el el numerador
⎛ ⎞
u 2 = ln ⎝x + ‾‾‾‾‾
1 + x2 ⎠
d ⎛ ⎞
tomando diferencial: ― ⎝x + ‾‾‾‾‾
1 + x2 ⎠
dx
2 u ⋅ du = ―――――― ⋅ dx
‾‾‾‾‾
x+ 1+x 2
x + ‾‾‾‾‾
1 + x2
――――
‾‾‾‾‾
1 + x2 1
2 u ⋅ du = ―――― ⋅ dx = ―――⋅ dx
x + ‾‾‾‾‾
1 + x2 ‾‾‾‾‾
1 + x2
1
2 u ⋅ du = ―――⋅ dx
‾‾‾‾‾
1 + x2
d ⎛ 2x x ‾‾‾‾‾
1 + x 2 + x x + ‾‾‾‾‾
1 + x2
‾‾‾‾‾2 ⎞
― ⎝x + 1 + x ⎠ = 1 + ―――― = 1 + ―――= ――――= ――――
dx 2 ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾
1 + x2 ‾‾‾‾‾
1 + x2 ‾‾‾‾‾
1 + x2 ‾‾‾‾‾
1 + x2
despejar el dx : dx = 2 u ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾
1 + x 2 ⋅ du
⌠ 1 1 ⌠ 1 1
I = ⎮ ―――⋅ ――――――d x = ⎮ ―――⋅ ――⋅ 2 u ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾
1 + x2 du
⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎛ ⎞ ⎮ ‾‾‾‾‾ ‾‾‾
1+x ln ⎝x + ‾‾‾‾‾ ⌡ 1+x u
2 2 2
⌡ 1 + x2 ⎠
⌠ 1 ⌠1 ⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎛ ⎞
2 ⎞
I = ⎮ ――⋅ 2 u d u = ⎮ ―⋅ 2 u d u = 2 ⋅ ⌠
⌡ 1 d u = 2 ⋅ u + c = 2 ⋅ ⎝ ln ⎝ x + ‾‾‾‾‾
1 + x ⎠ ⎠+c
⎮ ‾‾‾
u 2
⌡u
⎮
⌡
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎛ ⎞
I=2 ⋅ ln ⎝x + ‾‾‾‾‾
1 + x2 ⎠ + c
⌠ 1
4.- I = ⎮ ―― dx
⎮
⌡ e x
+ 1
solución:
hacer un cambio de variable,de manera que si tomamos el diferencial de esa
variable ,aparezca el el numerador
u=ex + 1 despejando: ex =u - 1
CÍRCULO DE ESTUDIOS
MATEMÁTICA DUN DUN
TUTOR: I NG. SUCA YUNGA FROILAN CEL:+ 51 916338927
tomando diferencial: du = e x ⋅ dx
1
despejar el dx : dx = ― ⋅ du
ex
⌠ 1 ⌠1 1 ⌠1 1 ⌠ 1
I = ⎮ ―― d x = ⎮ ―⋅ ― d u = ⎮ ―⋅ ――― d u = ⎮ ―――― du
⎮ e x
+ 1 ⎮ u ex ⎮
⌡ u ((u - 1)) ⎮
⌡ u ⋅ ((u - 1))
⌡ ⌡
1 1 1 u-1-u -1
importante: ―――― = ―- ――= ―――― = ――――
u ⋅ ((u - 1)) u u - 1 u ⋅ ((u - 1)) u ⋅ ((u - 1))
1 1 ⎛1 1 ⎞
―――― = ――⎜ ―- ―― ⎟
u ⋅ ((u - 1)) -1 ⎝ u u - 1 ⎠
reemplazando:
⌠ 1 ⌠ 1 ⎛1 1 ⎞ ⌠1 ⌠ 1
I = ⎮ ―――― d u = ⎮ ―― ⎜ ―- ―― ⎟ d u = -⎮ ―d u + ⎮ ――d u = -ln |u| + ln |u - 1| + c
( )
⌡ u ⋅ (u - 1)
⎮ ⌡ -1 ⎝ u u - 1 ⎠
⎮ ⌡u
⎮ ⌡ u-1
⎮
| u-1| | ex + 1 - 1 |
I = ln |―― | + c = ln |―――― |+c
| u | | e +1 |
x
| ex |
I = ln |―― |+c
|e +1|
x
⌠ 1
5.- I = ⎮ ―― dx
⎮
⌡ e +1
x
solución:
⌠ ⌠
1 e -x
⎮ ―――
I = ⎮ ――――
x ⎛ -x⎞
d x = dx
⎮ e ⎝ 1 + e ⎠ ⎮ 1 + e -x
⌡ ⌡
u = 1 + e -x
tomando diferencial: du = -e -x ⋅ dx
1
despejar el dx : dx = -―― ⋅ du
e -x
CÍRCULO DE ESTUDIOS
MATEMÁTICA DUN DUN
TUTOR: I NG. SUCA YUNGA FROILAN CEL:+ 51 916338927
⌠ ⌠ ⌠ -x ⌠1
1 e -x
⎮ ――― e
⎮ ―― 1
I = ⎮ ―――― d x = d x = ⋅ -―― d u = -⎮ ―d u = -ln ||u|| + c
x ⎛ -x⎞
⎮ e ⎝ 1 + e ⎠ ⎮ 1 + e -x ⎮ u e -x
⌡u
⎮
⌡ ⌡ ⌡
⌠ 1
I = ⎮ ――――
x ⎛ -x⎞
d x = -ln ||u|| + c = -ln ||1 + e -x|| + c
⎮
⌡ e ⎝1 + e ⎠
⌠ 1 | ex + 1 | | ex |
I = ⎮ ―――― d x = -ln ||1 + e -x|| + c = -ln |―― | + c = ln |―― |+c
x ⎛ -x⎞
⎮
⌡ e ⎝ 1 + e ⎠ | e x
| | e x
+ 1 |
⌠ 1 | ex |
I = ⎮ ――――
x ⎛ -x⎞
d x = ln |―― |+c
⎮
⌡ e ⎝ 1 + e ⎠ | e x
+ 1 |
⌠ 1
6.- I = ⎮ ―― dx
⎮
⌡ e +1
x
solución:
⌠ 1 ⌠ x ⌠⎛ x ⌠⎛ x ⌠
e + 1 - ex ⎝e + 1⎞⎠ - e ⎝e + 1⎞⎠ ex
x
I = ⎮ ―― d x = ⎮ ―――― d x = ⎮ ―――― d x = ⎮ ――― d x - ⎮ ―― dx
⎮ e x
+ 1 ⎮ ex + 1 ⎮ e x
+ 1 ⎮ ex + 1 ⎮ ex + 1
⌡ ⌡ ⌡ ⌡ ⌡
⌠
ex
I=⌠
⌡ 1 d x - ⎮ ―― d x = x - ln ||e x + 1|| + c = ln ||e x || - ln ||e x + 1|| + c
⎮ ex + 1
⌡
| ex |
I = ln |―― |+c
|e +1|
x
⌠ 1
6.- I = ⎮ ―― dx
⎮
⌡ e x
+ 5
solución:
⌠ 1 ⌠ ⌠ ⌠
1 ⌠ 5 1 ⎮ ex + 5 - ex 1 ⎮ ex + 5 1 ⎮ ex
⎮
I = ―― ⎮
d x = ―⋅ ―― dx=―⋅ ―――― d x = ―⋅ ―― d x - ―⋅ ―― dx
⎮ 5 ⎮ ex + 5 5 ⎮ ex + 5 5 ⎮ ex + 5 5 ⎮ ex + 5
⌡ e +5
x
⌡ ⌡ ⌡ ⌡
CÍRCULO DE ESTUDIOS
MATEMÁTICA DUN DUN
TUTOR: I NG. SUCA YUNGA FROILAN CEL:+ 51 916338927
⌠ 1 ⌠
1 ⌠ 1 ⎮ ex 1 1
I = ⎮ ―― d x = ―⋅ ⌡ 1 d x - ―⋅ ―― d x = ―⋅ x - ―⋅ ln ||e x + 5|| + c
⎮ 5 5 ⎮ e +5 5 5
⌡ e +5
x x
⌡
⌠ 1 x 1
I = ⎮ ―― d x = ―- ―⋅ ln ||e x + 5|| + c
⎮ 5 5
⌡ e +5
x
⌠ 1
7.- I = ⎮ ――― dx
⎮
⌡ e x
+ e -x
solución:
⌠ ⌠ ⌠ ⌠
1 ⎮ ――――― ex ex
⎮ ――― ⎮ ――― ex
I = ⎮ ――― d x = d x = d x = dx
⎮ e x
+ e -x ⎮ e x ⋅ ⎛⎝e x + e -x⎞⎠ ⎮ e2 x + 1 ⎮ ⎛⎝e x ⎞⎠ 2 + 1
⌡ ⌡ ⌡ ⌡
sea: u=ex
du = e x ⋅ dx
1
dx = ― ⋅ du
ex
⌠ ⌠ ⌠ ⌠ ⌠
1 ⎮ ――― ex ⎮ ――― ex 1 1 1
I = ⎮ ――― d x = d x = ⋅ ― d u = ⎮ ―――d u = ⎮ ――― du
⎮ e x
+ e -x
⎮ ⎛⎝e ⎞⎠ + 1
x 2
⎮ ((u)) + 1 e
2 x
⎮
⌡ (
( u)
)
2
+ 1 ⎮ u 2
+ 1 2
⌡ ⌡ ⌡ ⌡
⌠ 1 ⌠ 1 1 ⎛u⎞
I = ⎮ ――― d x = ⎮ ――― d u = ― ⋅ arctg ⎜―⎟ + c = arctg ((u)) + c = arctg ⎛⎝e ⎞⎠ + c
x
⎮ ⎮ 1 ⎝1⎠
⌡ e +e ⌡ u +1
x -x 2 2
⌠ 1
I = ⎮ ――― d x = arctg ⎛⎝e x ⎞⎠ + c
⎮
⌡ e +e
x -x
⌠ 2x
e -1
7.- I = ⎮ ――― dx
⎮ e2 x + 1
⌡
solución:
⌠ 2x ⌠ -x ⎛ 2 x ⌠ x
e -1 e ⋅ ⎝e - 1⎞⎠ e - e -x
I = ⎮ ――― d x = ⎮ ――――― d x = ⎮ ――― dx
⎮ e2 x + 1 ⎮ e -x ⋅ ⎛⎝e 2 x + 1⎞⎠ ⎮ e x + e -x
⌡ ⌡ ⌡
u = e x + e -x
du = ⎛⎝e x - e -x⎞⎠ ⋅ dx
CÍRCULO DE ESTUDIOS
MATEMÁTICA DUN DUN
TUTOR: I NG. SUCA YUNGA FROILAN CEL:+ 51 916338927
⌠ 2x ⌠ -x ⎛ 2 x ⌠ x ⌠1
⎮ e -1 ⎮ e ⋅ ⎝e - 1⎞⎠ e - e -x
⎮ ―――
I = ――― d x = ――――― d x = d x = ⎮ ―d u = ln |u| + c
⎮ e2 x + 1 ⎮ e -x ⋅ ⎛⎝e 2 x + 1⎞⎠ ⎮ e x + e -x ⌡u
⎮
⌡ ⌡ ⌡
I = ln ||e x + e -x|| + c
fracciones parciales
⌠ ⌠
x x3
1.- I = ⎮ ―――――d x I = ⎮ ―――――d x
⌡ (x + 1) ⋅ (x + 2)
⎮ ⌡ (x + 1) ⋅ (x + 2)
⎮
D=d ⋅ q + r
solución:
D r
―= d + ―
q q
1er.paso:detrminar si la función racional es propia,caso contario aplicar algoritmo de la
división
gado(numerador) < grado(denominador)
1<2
CÍRCULO DE ESTUDIOS
MATEMÁTICA DUN DUN
TUTOR: I NG. SUCA YUNGA FROILAN CEL:+ 51 916338927
ejemplos:
x A B C
――――― = ――― + ――― + ――
((x + 1)) ⋅ ((x + 2)) ((x + 1))
2 2 ((x + 1)) 1
x+2
x A B Cx + D Ex + F
――――――― = ――― + ――― + ――――― + ―――――
((x + 1)) 2 ⋅ ⎛⎝x 2 + x + 1⎞⎠ 2 ((x + 1)) 2 ((x + 1)) 1 ⎛⎝x 2 + x + 1⎞⎠ 2 ⎛⎝x 2 + x + 1⎞⎠ 1
1 A B C Dx + E Fx + G
―――――― = ― + ― + ― + ――――― + ――――
x 3 ⋅ ⎛⎝x 2 + x + 1⎞⎠ x3 x2 x ⎛⎝x 2 + x + 1⎞⎠ 2 x 2 + x + 1
2
x A B
――――― = ――+ ―― .......(1)
(x + 1) ⋅ (x + 2) x + 1 x + 2
x A B
――――― = ――+ ―― desarrollando la suma del segundo miembro
((x + 1)) ⋅ ((x + 2)) x + 1 x + 2
A⋅x+2 A+B⋅x+B
=――――――― agrupando términos
(x + 1) ⋅ (x + 2)
A + B =1 resolviendo: A = -1
2 ⋅ A + B=0 B=2
x -1 2
――――― = ――+ ――
((x + 1)) ⋅ ((x + 2)) x + 1 x + 2
reemplazando en la integral:
CÍRCULO DE ESTUDIOS
MATEMÁTICA DUN DUN
TUTOR: I NG. SUCA YUNGA FROILAN CEL:+ 51 916338927
⌠ x ⌠ ⎛ -1 2 ⎞ ⌠ 1 ⌠ 1
I = ⎮ ―――――d x = ⎮ ⎜――+ ―― ⎟ d x = -⎮ ――d x + 2 ⋅ ⎮ ――d x
⌡ ((x + 1)) ⋅ ((x + 2))
⎮ ⌡⎝x+1 x+2⎠
⎮ ⌡ x+1
⎮ ⌡ x+2
⎮
⌠ x
I = ⎮ ―――――d x = -ln ||x + 1|| + 2 ⋅ ln ||x + 2|| + c
( ) ( )
⌡ (x + 1) ⋅ (x + 2)
⎮
⌠ x
2.- I = ⎮ ――― dx
⎮
⌡ x 3
- 1
solución:
1<3
x x
――― = ―――――――
x - 1 ((x - 1)) ⋅ ⎛⎝x 2 + x + 1⎞⎠
3
x A Bx + C
――――――― = ――+ ―――― ......(1)
⎛ ⎞
((x - 1)) ⋅ ⎝x + x + 1⎠ x - 1 x 2 + x + 1
2
B ⋅ x2 + A ⋅ x2 + C ⋅ x - B ⋅ x + A ⋅ x - C + A
=―――――――――――――
((x - 1)) ⋅ ⎛⎝x 2 + x + 1⎞⎠
A + B=0
comparando: C - B + A=1
A - C=0