Ejercicio 05

C.S Ingenieros
Curso: Hidrología general
Instructor: Edwin Charapaqui Sedano
Tema:Párametros geomorfologicos de la cuenca
Clase: 03 Fecha: 12 de abril 2022

0.1. Ejercicio 03
Determinar la ecuación de la curva y construir la curva IDF y los hietogramas de diseño para T=100 años
y Duración 3 horas en intervalos de 10 minutos, teniendo los siguientes datos

No T Duración(min)
(Años) 5 10 20 45 80 120
1 500 162 111 62 51 45 40
2 200 150 105 60 33 26 24
3 150 120 93 54 27 19 15
4 100 118 70 53 27 19 15
5 70 96 66 44 27 17 13
6 25 96 60 43 25 16 11
7 10 96 54 35 25 14 10
8 5 90 48 28 14 11 8
9 2 85 43 28 13 10 7
10 1 68 41 21 9 5 4

Cuadro 1. Intensidades en mm/h

Utilizar la ecuación de Bernord:

KT m
I=
Dn
Donde:

k,m y n son parámetros adimensionales.

T: Período de retorno. D: Duración.

Solución

Sea el modelo a ajustar el conjunto de datos

KT m
I=
Dn
Aplicamos logaritmos en base 10 a ambos miembros

Log(I) = Log(K) + mLog(T ) − nLog(D)

Sea el modelo lineal a ajustar
y = a 0 + a 1 x1 + a 2 x2
Donde:
y = Log(I)
a0 = Log(K)
a1 = m
x1 = Log(T )
a2 = −n
x2 = Log(D)

Edwin Charapaqui Sedano 1

De acuerdo a la fórmula de mínimos cuadrados tenemos para 3 variables tenemos
X X X
y = a0 n + a1 x1 + a 2 x2

X X X X
x1 y = a 0 x1 + a1 x12 + a2 x1 x2
X X X X
x2 y = a0 x2 + a 1 x1 x2 + a2 x22
Expresando matricialmente

 P P P
 P y   Pn x x   a0 
   
 x y   x P 12 P 2
 P 1  =  P 1 x1 x1 x2   a 
  1 
P P 2
x2 y x2 x1 x2 x2 a2
    

Entonces:

P P −1  P
 a0   Pn x x   P y 
   
 a   x P 12 P 2
 1  =  P 1 x1 x1 x2   x1 y 
  P
P P 2 
a2 x2 x1 x2 x2 x2 y
  

Cálculo del coeficiente de correlación.

x1 y + a2 x2 y − ny 2
P P P
2 a0 y + a1
R =
y − ny 2
P 2

Entonces: X
x2 = 86,354837
X
x1 = 86,514776
X
y = 90,719226
X
x1 y = 140,043011
X
x2 y = 120,800057
X
x12 = 169,514115
X
x22 = 4,322995
X
x1 x2 = 124,516157

−1 
 a0   60 86,514776 86,354837   90,719226 
   
 a   86,514776 169,514115 124,516157   140,043011 
 1  =    
a2 86,354837 124,516157 4,322995 120,800057
     

 a0   2,197283186645249 
   
 a   0,20626164487637097 
 1  =  
a2 −0,6827926105554116
   

Coeficiente de determinación
P P P
a0 y + a1 x1 y + a2 x2 y
R2 = = 0,956394103255676
y 2 − ny 2
P

Cálculo del coeficiente de correlación

R = 0,9779540394393164

Edwin Charapaqui Sedano 2

Entonces:

K = 10a0 = 102,197283186645249 = 157,50095325432804

m = a1 = 0,20626164487637097
n = −a2 = −(−0,6827926105554116) = 0,6827926105554116

K = 157,50095325432804
m = 0,20626164487637097
n = 0,6827926105554116
Por lo que:
157,501T 0,206
I=
D 0,683

Figura 1. Curvas IDF

Cálculo del hietograma de precipitación de diseño desarrollado en incrementos de 10 minutos, duración

de la tormenta de 3 horas y período de retorno de 100 años utilizando el método de los bloques alternos
los tal como se muestra en la tabla 2.

Edwin Charapaqui Sedano 3

 Figura 2

Edwin Charapaqui Sedano 4

 No x2 x1 y x1 y x2 y x12 x22 x1 x2
1 0.69897 2.69897 2.209515 5.963415 1.544385 7.284439 0.488559 1.886499
2 0.69897 2.30103 2.176091 5.007251 1.521023 5.294739 0.488559 1.608351
3 0.69897 2.176091 2.079181 4.524488 1.453285 4.735373 0.488559 1.521023
4 0.69897 2.0 2.071882 4.143764 1.448183 4.0 0.488559 1.39794
5 0.69897 1.845098 1.982271 3.657485 1.385548 3.404387 0.488559 1.289668
6 0.69897 1.39794 1.982271 2.771096 1.385548 1.954236 0.488559 0.977118
7 0.69897 1.0 1.982271 1.982271 1.385548 1.0 0.488559 0.69897
8 0.69897 0.69897 1.954243 1.365957 1.365957 0.488559 0.488559 0.488559
9 0.69897 0.30103 1.929419 0.580813 1.348606 0.090619 0.488559 0.210411
10 0.69897 0.0 1.832509 0.0 1.280869 0.0 0.488559 0.0
11 1.0 2.69897 2.045323 5.520265 2.045323 7.284439 1.0 2.69897
12 1.0 2.30103 2.021189 4.650817 2.021189 5.294739 1.0 2.30103
13 1.0 2.176091 1.968483 4.283599 1.968483 4.735373 1.0 2.176091
14 1.0 2.0 1.845098 3.690196 1.845098 4.0 1.0 2.0
15 1.0 1.845098 1.819544 3.357237 1.819544 3.404387 1.0 1.845098
16 1.0 1.39794 1.778151 2.485749 1.778151 1.954236 1.0 1.39794
17 1.0 1.0 1.732394 1.732394 1.732394 1.0 1.0 1.0
18 1.0 0.69897 1.681241 1.175137 1.681241 0.488559 1.0 0.69897
19 1.0 0.30103 1.633468 0.491723 1.633468 0.090619 1.0 0.30103
20 1.0 0.0 1.612784 0.0 1.612784 0.0 1.0 0.0
21 1.30103 2.69897 1.792392 4.837611 2.331955 7.284439 1.692679 3.511441
22 1.30103 2.30103 1.778151 4.091579 2.313428 5.294739 1.692679 2.993709
23 1.30103 2.176091 1.732394 3.769847 2.253896 4.735373 1.692679 2.83116
24 1.30103 2.0 1.724276 3.448552 2.243335 4.0 1.692679 2.60206
25 1.30103 1.845098 1.643453 3.032331 2.138181 3.404387 1.692679 2.400528
26 1.30103 1.39794 1.633468 2.283491 2.125191 1.954236 1.692679 1.818762
27 1.30103 1.0 1.544068 1.544068 2.008879 1.0 1.692679 1.30103
28 1.30103 0.69897 1.447158 1.01152 1.882796 0.488559 1.692679 0.909381
29 1.30103 0.30103 1.447158 0.435638 1.882796 0.090619 1.692679 0.391649
30 1.30103 0.0 1.322219 0.0 1.720247 0.0 1.692679 0.0
31 1.653213 2.69897 1.70757 4.608681 2.822976 7.284439 2.733112 4.461971
32 1.653213 2.30103 1.518514 3.494146 2.510426 5.294739 2.733112 3.804092
33 1.653213 2.176091 1.431364 3.114778 2.366348 4.735373 2.733112 3.597541
34 1.653213 2.0 1.431364 2.862728 2.366348 4.0 2.733112 3.306425
35 1.653213 1.845098 1.431364 2.641006 2.366348 3.404387 2.733112 3.050339
36 1.653213 1.39794 1.39794 1.954236 2.311092 1.954236 2.733112 2.311092
37 1.653213 1.0 1.39794 1.39794 2.311092 1.0 2.733112 1.653213
38 1.653213 0.69897 1.146128 0.801109 1.894793 0.488559 2.733112 1.155546
39 1.653213 0.30103 1.113943 0.33533 1.841585 0.090619 2.733112 0.497667
40 1.653213 0.0 0.954243 0.0 1.577566 0.0 2.733112 0.0
41 1.90309 2.69897 1.653213 4.461971 3.146212 7.284439 3.621751 5.136383
42 1.90309 2.30103 1.414973 3.255896 2.692822 5.294739 3.621751 4.379067
43 1.90309 2.176091 1.278754 2.782685 2.433583 4.735373 3.621751 4.141297
44 1.90309 2.0 1.278754 2.557507 2.433583 4.0 3.621751 3.80618
45 1.90309 1.845098 1.230449 2.270299 2.341655 3.404387 3.621751 3.511388
46 1.90309 1.39794 1.20412 1.683287 2.291549 1.954236 3.621751 2.660406
47 1.90309 1.0 1.146128 1.146128 2.181185 1.0 3.621751 1.90309
48 1.90309 0.69897 1.041393 0.727902 1.981864 0.488559 3.621751 1.330203
49 1.90309 0.30103 1.0 0.30103 1.90309 0.090619 3.621751 0.572887
50 1.90309 0.0 0.69897 0.0 1.330203 0.0 3.621751 0.0
51 2.079181 2.69897 1.60206 4.323912 3.330973 7.284439 4.322995 5.611648
52 2.079181 2.30103 1.380211 3.175907 2.869709 5.294739 4.322995 4.784258
53 2.079181 2.176091 1.176091 2.559282 2.445307 4.735373 4.322995 4.524488
54 2.079181 2.0 1.176091 2.352183 2.445307 4.0 4.322995 4.158362
55 2.079181 1.845098 1.113943 2.055335 2.31609 3.404387 4.322995 3.836293
56 2.079181 1.39794 1.041393 1.455804 2.165244 1.954236 4.322995 2.906571
57 2.079181 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.079181 1.0 4.322995 2.079181
58 2.079181 0.69897 0.90309 0.631233 1.877688 0.488559 4.322995 1.453285
59 2.079181 0.30103 0.845098 0.2544 1.757112 0.090619 4.322995 0.625896
60 2.079181 0.0 0.60206 0.0 1.251792 0.0 4.322995 0.0

Cuadro 2
Edwin Charapaqui Sedano 5
 Tabla 2: Hietograma de diseño
Dur(min) Int(mm/h) P .Acum(mm) P .Incre(mm) P .Alter(mm)
10 84.389 14.065 14.065 0.657
20 52.563 17.521 3.456 0.718
30 39.848 19.924 2.403 0.795
40 32.74 21.827 1.902 0.895
50 28.112 23.426 1.6 1.034
60 24.82 24.82 1.394 1.243
70 22.34 26.063 1.243 1.6
80 20.393 27.19 1.127 2.403
90 18.816 28.225 1.034 14.065
100 17.51 29.183 0.959 3.456
110 16.406 30.078 0.895 1.902
120 15.46 30.92 0.841 1.394
130 14.637 31.714 0.795 1.127
140 13.915 32.468 0.754 0.959
150 13.274 33.186 0.718 0.841
160 12.702 33.872 0.686 0.754
170 12.187 34.529 0.657 0.686
180 11.72 35.16 0.631 0.631

Cuadro 3

Edwin Charapaqui Sedano 6