final_apendice_b.

qxp 17/07/2006 12:03 Página 1000

1000 A P É N D I C E B Tablas de datos

TABLA 4.1
Datos termodinámicos de compuestos inorgánicos
Peso atómico
Sustancia ⌬H°f (kJ mol⫺1) ⌬G°f (kJ mol⫺1) S° (J mol⫺1 K⫺1) CP° (J mol⫺1 K⫺1) o molecular (amu)

Aluminio
Al(s) 0 0 28.3 24.4 26.98
Al2O3(s) ⫺1675.7 ⫺1582.3 50.9 79.0 101.96
Al3⫹(aq) ⫺538.4 ⫺485.0 ⫺325 26.98
Antimonio
Sb(s) 0 0 45.7 25.2 121.75
Argón
Ar(g) 0 0 154.8 20.8 39.95
Azufre
S(rómbico) 0 0 32.1 22.6 32.06
SF6(g) ⫺1220.5 ⫺1116.5 291.5 97.3 146.07
H2S(g) ⫺20.6 ⫺33.4 205.8 34.2 34.09
SO2(g) ⫺296.8 ⫺300.1 248.2 39.9 64.06
SO3(g) ⫺395.7 ⫺371.1 256.8 50.7 80.06
SO32⫺(aq) ⫺635.5 ⫺486.6 ⫺29.3 80.06
SO42⫺(aq) ⫺909.3 ⫺744.5 20.1 96.06
Bario
Ba(s) 0 0 62.5 28.1 137.34
BaO(s) ⫺548.0 ⫺520.3 72.1 47.3 153.34
BaCO3(s) ⫺1216.3 ⫺1137.6 112.1 85.4 197.35
BaCl2(s) ⫺856.6 ⫺810.7 123.7 75.1 208.25
BaSO4(s) ⫺1473.2 ⫺1362.3 132.2 101.8 233.40
Ba2⫹(aq) ⫺537.6 ⫺560.8 9.6 137.34
Bromo
Br2(l) 0 0 152.2 75.7 159.82
Br2(g) 30.9 3.1 245.5 36.0 159.82
Br(g) 111.9 82.4 175.0 20.8 79.91
HBr(g) ⫺36.3 ⫺53.4 198.7 29.1 90.92
⫺
Br (aq) ⫺121.6 ⫺104.0 82.4 79.91
Calcio
Ca(s) 0 0 41.6 25.9 40.08
CaCO3(s) calcita ⫺1206.9 ⫺1128.8 92.9 83.5 100.09
CaCl2(s) ⫺795.4 ⫺748.8 104.6 72.9 110.99
CaO(s) ⫺634.9 ⫺603.3 38.1 42.0 56.08
CaSO4(s) ⫺1434.5 ⫺1322.0 106.5 99.7 136.15
Ca2⫹(aq) ⫺542.8 ⫺553.6 ⫺53.1 40.08
Carbono
Grafito(s) 0 0 5.74 8.52 12.011
Diamante(s) 1.89 2.90 2.38 6.12 12.011
C(g) 716.7 671.2 158.1 20.8 12.011
CO(g) ⫺110.5 ⫺137.2 197.7 29.1 28.011
CO2(g) ⫺393.5 ⫺394.4 213.8 37.1 44.010
HCN(g) 135.5 124.7 201.8 35.9 27.03

# Au: Engel / Reid Pg. No. 1000 C/M/Y/K

Título: Química Física. Traducción : Requena / Zuñiga / Bastida Short / Normal / Long
final_apendice_b.qxp 17/07/2006 12:03 Página 1001

APÉNDICE B Tablas de datos 1001

TABLA 4.1
(Continuación)
Peso atómico
Sustancia ⌬H°f (kJ mol⫺1) ⌬G°f (kJ mol⫺1) S° (J mol⫺1 K⫺1) CP° (J mol⫺1 K⫺1) o molecular (amu)

CN⫺(aq) 150.6 172.4 94.1 26.02

HCO3⫺(aq) ⫺692.0 ⫺586.8 91.2 61.02
CO32⫺(aq) ⫺675.2 ⫺527.8 ⫺50.0 60.01
Cinc
Zn(s) 0 0 41.6 25.4 65.37
ZnCl2(s) ⫺415.1 ⫺369.4 111.5 71.3 136.28
ZnO(s) ⫺350.5 ⫺320.5 43.7 40.3 81.37
ZnSO4(s) ⫺982.8 ⫺871.5 110.5 99.2 161.43
Zn2⫹(aq) ⫺153.9 ⫺147.1 ⫺112.1 65.37
Cloro
Cl2(g) 0 0 223.1 33.9 70.91
Cl(g) 121.3 105.7 165.2 21.8 35.45
HCl(g) ⫺92.3 ⫺95.3 186.9 29.1 36.46
ClO2(g) 104.6 105.1 256.8 45.6 67.45
ClO4⫺(aq) ⫺128.1 ⫺8.52 184.0 99.45
Cl⫺(aq) ⫺167.2 ⫺131.2 56.5 35.45
Cobre
Cu(s) 0 0 33.2 24.4 63.54
CuCl2(s) ⫺220.1 ⫺175.7 108.1 71.9 134.55
CuO(s) ⫺157.3 ⫺129.7 42.6 42.3 79.54
Cu2O(s) ⫺168.6 ⫺146.0 93.1 63.6 143.08
CuSO4(s) ⫺771.4 ⫺662.2 109.2 98.5 159.62
Cu⫹(aq) 71.7 50.0 40.6 63.54
2⫹
Cu (aq) 64.8 65.5 ⫺99.6 63.54
Deuterio
D2(g) 0 0 145.0 29.2 4.028
HD(g) 0.32 ⫺1.46 143.8 29.2 3.022
D2O(g) ⫺249.2 ⫺234.5 198.3 34.3 20.028
D2O(l) ⫺294.6 ⫺243.4 75.94 84.4 20.028
HDO(g) ⫺246.3 ⫺234.5 199.4 33.8 19.022
HDO(l) ⫺289.9 ⫺241.9 79.3 19.022
Estaño
Sn(blanco) 0 0 51.2 27.0 118.69
Sn(g) 301.2 266.2 168.5 21.3 118.69
SnO2(s) ⫺577.6 ⫺515.8 49.0 52.6 150.69
Sn2⫹(aq) ⫺8.9 ⫺27.2 ⫺16.7 118.69
Flúor
F2(g) 0 0 202.8 31.3 38.00
F(g) 79.4 62.3 158.8 22.7 19.00
HF(g) ⫺273.3 ⫺275.4 173.8 29.1 20.01
⫺
F (aq) ⫺332.6 ⫺278.8 ⫺13.8 19.00
Fósforo
P(s) blanco 0 0 41.1 23.8 30.97

(continúa)

# Au: Engel / Reid Pg. No. 1001 C/M/Y/K

Título: Química Física. Traducción : Requena / Zuñiga / Bastida Short / Normal / Long
final_apendice_b.qxp 17/07/2006 12:03 Página 1002

1002 A P É N D I C E B Tablas de datos

TABLA 4.1

(Continuación)
Peso atómico
Sustancia ⌬H°f (kJ mol⫺1) ⌬G°f (kJ mol⫺1) S° (J mol⫺1 K⫺1) CP° (J mol⫺1 K⫺1) o molecular (amu)

P(s) rojo ⫺17.6 ⫺12.1 22.8 21.2 30.97

P4(g) 58.9 24.4 280.0 67.2 123.90
PCl5(g) ⫺374.9 ⫺305.0 364.6 112.8 208.24
PH3(g) 5.4 13.5 210.2 37.1 34.00
H3PO4(l) ⫺1271.7 ⫺1123.6 150.8 145.0 94.97
PO43⫺(aq) ⫺1277.4 ⫺1018.7 ⫺220.5 91.97
2⫺
HPO4 (aq) ⫺1299.0 ⫺1089.2 ⫺33.5 92.97
H2PO4⫺(aq) ⫺1302.6 ⫺1130.2 92.5 93.97
Hidrógeno
H2(g) 0 0 130.7 28.8 2.016
H(g) 218.0 203.3 114.7 20.8 1.008
OH(g) 39.0 34.2 183.7 29.9 17.01
H2O(g) ⫺241.8 ⫺228.6 188.8 33.6 18.015
H2O(l) ⫺285.8 ⫺237.1 70.0 75.3 18.015
H2O(s) 48.0 36.2 (273 K) 18.015
H2O2(g) ⫺136.3 ⫺105.6 232.7 43.1 34.015
H⫹(aq) 0 0 0 1.008
OH⫺(aq) ⫺230.0 ⫺157.24 ⫺10.9 17.01
Hierro
Fe(s) 0 0 27.3 25.1 55.85
Fe(g) 416.3 370.7 180.5 25.7 55.85
Fe2O3(s) ⫺824.2 ⫺742.2 87.4 103.9 159.69
Fe3O4(s) ⫺1118.4 ⫺1015.4 146.4 150.7 231.54
FeSO4(s) ⫺928.4 ⫺820.8 107.5 100.6 151.92
Fe2⫹(aq) ⫺89.1 ⫺78.9 ⫺137.7 55.85
Fe3⫹(aq) ⫺48.5 ⫺4.7 ⫺315.9 55.85
Iodo
I2(s) 0 0 116.1 54.4 253.80
I2(g) 62.4 19.3 260.7 36.9 253.80
I(g) 106.8 70.2 180.8 20.8 126.90
I⫺(aq) ⫺55.2 ⫺51.6 111.3 126.90
Litio
Li(s) 0 0 29.1 24.8 6.94
Li(g) 159.3 126.6 138.8 20.8 6.94
LiH(s) ⫺90.5 ⫺68.3 20.0 27.9 7.94
LiH(g) 140.6 117.8 170.9 29.7 7.94
⫹
Li (aq) ⫺278.5 ⫺293.3 13.4 6.94
Magnesio
Mg(s) 0 0 32.7 24.9 24.31
Mg(g) 147.1 112.5 148.6 20.8 24.31
MgO(s) ⫺601.6 ⫺569.3 27.0 37.2 40.31
MgSO4(s) ⫺1284.9 ⫺1170.6 91.6 96.5 120.38
MgCl2(s) ⫺641.3 ⫺591.8 89.6 71.4 95.22
MgCO3(s) ⫺1095.8 ⫺1012.2 65.7 75.5 84.32
(continúa)

# Au: Engel / Reid Pg. No. 1002 C/M/Y/K

Título: Química Física. Traducción : Requena / Zuñiga / Bastida Short / Normal / Long
final_apendice_b.qxp 17/07/2006 12:03 Página 1003

APÉNDICE B Tablas de datos 1003

TABLE 4.1

(Continuación)
Peso atómico
Sustancia ⌬H°f (kJ mol⫺1) ⌬G°f (kJ mol⫺1) S° (J mol⫺1 K⫺1) CP° (J mol⫺1 K⫺1) o molecular (amu)

Mg2⫹(aq) ⫺466.9 ⫺454.8 ⫺138.1 24.31

Manganeso
Mn(s) 0 0 32.0 26.3 54.94
Mn(g) 280.7 238.5 173.7 20.8 54.94
MnO2(s) ⫺520.0 ⫺465.1 53.1 54.1 86.94
Mn2⫹(aq) ⫺220.8 ⫺228.1 ⫺73.6 54.94
MnO4 (aq)⫺
⫺541.4 ⫺447.2 191.2 118.94
Mercurio
Hg(l) 0 0 75.9 28.0 200.59
Hg(g) 61.4 31.8 175.0 20.8 200.59
Hg2Cl2(s) ⫺265.4 ⫺210.7 191.6 101.9 472.09
Hg2⫹(aq) 170.2 164.4 ⫺36.2 401.18
Hg22⫹(aq) 166.9 153.5 65.7 401.18
Niquel
Ni(s) 0 0 29.9 26.1 58.71
Ni(g) 429.7 384.5 182.2 23.4 58.71
NiCl2(s) ⫺305.3 ⫺259.0 97.7 71.7 129.62
NiO(s) ⫺239.7 ⫺211.5 38.0 44.3 74.71
NiSO4(s) ⫺872.9 ⫺759.7 92.0 138.0 154.77
Ni2⫹(aq) ⫺54.0 ⫺45.6 ⫺128.9 58.71
Nitrógeno
N2(g) 0 0 191.6 29.1 28.013
N(g) 472.7 455.5 153.3 20.8 14.007
NH3(g) ⫺45.9 ⫺16.5 192.8 35.1 17.03
NO(g) 91.3 87.6 210.8 29.9 30.01
N2O(g) 81.6 103.7 220.0 38.6 44.01
NO2(g) 33.2 51.3 240.1 37.2 46.01
NOCl(g) 51.7 66.1 261.7 44.7 65.46
N2O4(g) 11.1 99.8 304.4 79.2 92.01
N2O4(l) ⫺19.5 97.5 209.2 142.7 92.01
HNO3(l) ⫺174.1 ⫺80.7 155.6 109.9 63.01
HNO3(g) ⫺133.9 ⫺73.5 266.9 54.1 63.01
NO3⫺(aq) ⫺207.4 ⫺111.3 146.4 62.01
NH4⫹(aq) ⫺132.5 ⫺79.3 113.4 18.04
Oro
Au(s) 0 0 47.4 25.4 196.97
Au(g) 366.1 326.3 180.5 20.8 197.97
Oxígeno
O2(g) 0 0 205.2 29.4 31.999
O(g) 249.2 231.7 161.1 21.9 15.999
O3(g) 142.7 163.2 238.9 39.2 47.998
OH(g) 39.0 34.22 183.7 29.9 17.01
(continúa)

# Au: Engel / Reid Pg. No. 1003 C/M/Y/K

Título: Química Física. Traducción : Requena / Zuñiga / Bastida Short / Normal / Long
final_apendice_b.qxp 17/07/2006 12:03 Página 1004

1004 A P É N D I C E B Tablas de datos

TABLA 4.1

(Continuación)
Peso atómico
Sustancia ⌬H°f (kJ mol⫺1) ⌬G°f (kJ mol⫺1) S° (J mol⫺1 K⫺1) CP° (J mol⫺1 K⫺1) o molecular (amu)

OH⫺(aq) ⫺230.0 ⫺157.2 ⫺10.9 17.01

Plata
Ag(s) 0 0 42.6 25.4 107.87
Ag(g) 284.9 246.0 173.0 20.8 107.87
AgCl(s) ⫺127.0 ⫺109.8 96.3 50.8 143.32
AgNO2(s) ⫺44.4 ⫺19.8 140.6 93.0 153.88
AgNO3(s) ⫺124.4 ⫺33.4 140.9 93.1 169.87
Ag2SO4(s) ⫺715.9 ⫺618.4 200.4 131.4 311.80
Ag⫹(aq) 105.6 77.1 72.7 107.87
Plomo
Pb(s) 0 0 64.8 26.4 207.19
Pb(g) 195.2 162.2 175.4 20.8 207.19
PbO2(s) ⫺277.4 ⫺217.3 68.6 64.6 239.19
PbSO4(s) ⫺920.0 ⫺813.20 148.5 86.4 303.25
Pb2⫹(aq) 0.92 ⫺24.4 18.5 207.19
Potasio
K(s) 0 0 64.7 29.6 39.10
K(g) 89.0 60.5 160.3 20.8 39.10
KCl(s) ⫺436.5 ⫺408.5 82.6 51.3 74.56
K2O(s) ⫺361.5 ⫺322.8 102.0 77.4 94.20
K2SO4(s) ⫺1437.8 ⫺1321.4 175.6 131.5 174.27
⫹
K (aq) ⫺252.4 ⫺283.3 102.5 39.10
Silicio
Si(s) 0 0 18.8 20.0 28.09
Si(g) 450.0 405.5 168.0 22.3 28.09
SiCl4(g) ⫺662.7 ⫺622.8 330.9 90.3 169.70
SiO2(cuarzo) ⫺910.7 ⫺856.3 41.5 44.4 60.09
Sodio
Na(s) 0 0 51.3 28.2 22.99
Na(g) 107.5 77.0 153.7 20.8 22.99
NaCl(s) ⫺411.2 ⫺384.1 72.1 50.5 58.44
NaOH(s) ⫺425.8 ⫺379.7 64.4 59.5 40.00
Na2SO4(s) ⫺1387.1 ⫺1270.2 149.6 128.2 142.04
Na⫹(aq) ⫺240.1 ⫺261.9 59.0 22.99
Titanio
Ti(s) 0 0 30.7 25.0 47.87
Ti(g) 473.0 428.4 180.3 24.4 47.87
TiCl4(l) ⫺804.2 ⫺737.2 252.4 145.2 189.69
TiO2(s) ⫺944.0 ⫺888.8 50.6 55.0 79.88
Xenón
Xe(g) 0 0 169.7 20.8 131.30
XeF4(s) ⫺261.5 ⫺123 146 118 207.29
Fuentes: HCP, HTTD y TDPS.

# Au: Engel / Reid Pg. No. 1004 C/M/Y/K

Título: Química Física. Traducción : Requena / Zuñiga / Bastida Short / Normal / Long
final_apendice_b.qxp 17/07/2006 12:03 Página 1005

APÉNDICE B Tablas de datos 1005

TABLA 4.2
Datos termodinámicos de compuestos orgánicos seleccionados
Peso ⌬H°f ⌬H°combustión ⌬G°f S° C°P
Sustancia Fórmula Molecular (kJ mol⫺1) (kJ mol⫺1) (kJ mol⫺1) (J mol⫺1 K⫺1) (J mol⫺1 K⫺1)

Acetaldehido (l) C2H4O 44.05 ⫺192.2 ⫺1166.9 ⫺127.6 160.3 89.0

Acetona (l) C3H6O 58.08 ⫺248.4 ⫺1790 ⫺155.2 199.8 126.3
Ácido acético (l) C2H4O2 60.05 ⫺484.3 ⫺874.2 ⫺389.9 159.8 124.3
Ácido benzoico (s) C7H6O2 122.13 ⫺385.2 ⫺3227 ⫺245.5 167.6 146.8
Ácido fórmico (g) CH2O2 46.03 ⫺378.7 ⫺256 ⫺351.0 248.7 45.2
Ácido fórmico (l) CH2O2 46.03 ⫺425.0 ⫺255 ⫺361.4 129.0 99.0
Ácido oxálico (g) C2H2O4 90.04 ⫺731.8 ⫺246 ⫺662.7 320.6 86.2
Benceno (g) C6H6 78.12 82.9 ⫺3268 129.7 269.2 82.4
Benceno (l) C6H6 78.12 49.1 ⫺3268 124.5 173.4 136.0
1,3-Butadieno (g) C4H6 54.09 110.0 ⫺2541 79.8
n-Butano (g) C4H10 58.13 ⫺125.7 ⫺2878 ⫺17.0 310.2 97.5
1-Buteno (g) C4H8 56.11 ⫺0.63 ⫺2718 71.1 305.7 85.7
Carbono (diamante) C 12.011 1.89 ⫺395.4 2.90 2.38 6.12
Carbono (grafito) C 12.011 0 ⫺393.5 0 5.74 8.52
Cianuro de hidrógeno (g) HCN 27.03 135.5 124.7 201.8 35.9
Cianuro de hidrógeno (l) HCN 27.03 108.9 125.0 112.8 70.6
Ciclopropano (g) C3H6 42.08 53.3 ⫺2091 104.5 237.5 55.6
Ciclohexano (l) C6H12 84.16 ⫺156.4 ⫺3920 26.8 204.5 154.9
Ciclopentano(l) C5H10 70.13 ⫺105.1 ⫺3291 38.8 204.5 128.8
Dimetil éter (g) C2H6O 131.6 ⫺184.1 ⫺1460 ⫺112.6 266.4 64.4
Dióxido de carbono CO2 44.01 ⫺393.5 ⫺394.4 213.8 37.1
Disulfuro de carbono (g) CS2 76.14 116.9 ⫺1112 66.8 238.0 45.7
Etano (g) C2H6 30.07 ⫺84.0 ⫺1561 ⫺32.0 229.2 52.5
Etanol (l) C2H6O 46.07 ⫺277.6 ⫺1367 ⫺174.8 160.7 112.3
Etanol (g) C2H6O 46.07 ⫺234.8 ⫺1367 ⫺167.9 281.6 65.6
Eteno (g) C2H4 28.05 52.4 ⫺1411 68.4 219.3 42.9
Etino (g) C2H2 26.04 227.4 ⫺1310 209.2 200.9 44
Fenol (s) C6H6O 94.11 ⫺165.1 ⫺3054 ⫺50.2 144.0 127.4
Formaldehido (g) CH2O 30.03 ⫺108.6 ⫺571 ⫺102.5 218.8 35.4
␣-D-Glucosa (s) C6H12O6 180.16 ⫺1273.1 ⫺2805 ⫺910.6 209.2 219.2
n-Hexano (l) C6H14 86.18 ⫺198.7 ⫺4163 ⫺4.0 296.0 195.6
Metano (g) CH4 16.04 ⫺74.6 ⫺891 ⫺50.5 186.3 35.7
Metanol (g) CH4O 32.04 ⫺201.0 ⫺764 ⫺162.3 239.9 44.1
Metanol (l) CH4O 32.04 ⫺239.2 ⫺726 ⫺166.6 126.8 81.1
Monóxido de Carbono CO 28.01 ⫺110.5 ⫺283.0 ⫺137.2 197.7 29.1
n-Pentano (g) C5H12 72.15 ⫺146.9 ⫺3509 ⫺8.2 349.1 120.1
Propano (g) C3H8 44.10 ⫺103.8 ⫺2219 ⫺23.4 270.3 73.6
Propeno (g) C3H6 42.08 20.0 ⫺2058 62.7 266.9 64.0
Propino (g) C3H4 40.07 184.9 ⫺2058 194.5 248.2 60.7
Piridina (l) C5H5N 79.10 100.2 ⫺2782 177.9 132.7
Sacarosa (s) C12H22O11 342.3 ⫺2226.1 ⫺5643 ⫺1544.6 360.2 424.3
Tetracloruro de cabono (g) CCl4 153.82 ⫺95.7 ⫺58.2 309.7 83.4
Tetracloruro de cabono (l) CCl4 153.82 ⫺128.2 ⫺360 ⫺62.5 214.4 133.9
Tiofeno (l) C4H4S 84.14 80.2 ⫺2829 181.2 123.8
Tolueno (g) C7H8 92.14 50.5 ⫺3910 122.3 320.8 104
Urea (s) C2H4N2O 60.06 ⫺333.1 ⫺635 ⫺197.4 104.3 92.8
Fuentes: HCP, HTTD, TDPS y TDOC.

# Au: Engel / Reid Pg. No. 1005 C/M/Y/K

Título: Química Física. Traducción : Requena / Zuñiga / Bastida Short / Normal / Long