Additional Information: Chinese Mandarin（普通话)

汉语普通话是中国汉民族的共同语，也是中国的官方语言。它以北京语音为标准
音，以北方方言为基础，以典范的现代白话文著作为语法规范。

The common language of the Han nationality is Mandarin Chinese. Mandarin is

also the official language of the People’s Republic of China. Beijing phonetic is
regarded as the standard pronunciation and the basic dialect is the dialect of the
northern part of the country. The standard modern Chinese written works become
grammar examples.

El idioma común de la nacionalidad Han es el chino mandarín. El mandarín es

también el idioma oficial de la República Popular China. La fonética de Beijing se
considera la pronunciación estándar y el dialecto básico es el dialecto de la parte
norte del país. Las obras escritas en chino moderno estándar se convierten en
ejemplos de gramática.

一般来说，一个汉字是一个音节。汉语的音节结构比较简单，由声母、韵母、声调
组成。声母是音节的开头，韵母有单韵母、复韵母和鼻韵母。声调标在韵母的主要
元音上。

Generally speaking, a single Chinese character is equal to a syllable. The structure

of a Chinese syllable is quite simple, usually being composed of an initial and a
final with a tone. The initial is the first part of a syllable. Following the initial is the
final, which can be classified into three types; the simple final, compound final and
final with a nasal ending. Tone marks are placed on the major vowels of the final.

En términos generales, un solo carácter chino equivale a una sílaba. La estructura de una sílaba
china es bastante simple, generalmente se compone de una inicial y una final con un tono. La
inicial es la primera parte de una sílaba. A continuación de la inicial se encuentra la final, que se
puede clasificar en tres tipos; el final simple, el final compuesto y el final con terminación nasal.
Las marcas de tono se colocan en las vocales mayores de la final.

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汉语拼音是一套用拉丁字母记写普通话读音的方法系统，内容有字母（ 26 个），声母（21 个），韵
母（39 个），声调（4 个），和拼写规则。

The Pinyin is a system for representing standard Mandarin in the Latin alphabet. It contains 26 letters, 21
initials, 39 finals, four tones and several special spelling rules.

用拉丁拼音字母记录汉字的读音始于公元 1610 年的法国传教士。1958 年中华人民共和国正式公布拉

丁字母式的《汉语拼音方案》。1977 年，联合国决定采用汉语拼音为中国地名拼写法的国际标准。
1982 年，该方案成为国际标准 ISO 7098（中文罗马字母拼写法）。

In 1610, a French missionary first used the Latin alphabet to record the pronunciation of Chinese characters.
Then in 1958, Chinese government published the "Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet" officially.
Later in 1977, the UN adopted Pinyin as the international spelling standards of Chinese geographical names
and the scheme became ISO 7098(Roman alphabet spellings for Chinese) in 1982.

汉语拼音在中国大陆作为基础教育内容全面使用。海外的华语地区目前也在汉语教育中进行汉语拼音
教学。

The Pinyin has become the educational-based content in Chinese mainland and a essential part in Chinese-
speaking communities overseas.

汉语拼音规律比较简单，对普及识字以及初等教育起了很大的作用。随着计算机的普及，汉语拼音也
是一种除笔画输入以外非常常用的中文输入法。

The laws of Chinese Pinyin are relatively simple, which plays an important in popularizing Chinese
characters and primary education. With the popularization of computer technology, Pinyin has become a very
popular Chinese input method besides character stroke input.

由于汉语拼音是一种只书写读音的体系，无法取代汉字。完全用汉语拼音写出来的文章很难懂，因
此，它不是一种正式的书写方式，而只是一种阅读的帮助。

Because Pinyin is only for recording the pronunciation, it can never be the substitute of Chinese character.
The article that completely written by Pinyin is difficult to understand. Therefore, Pinyin is not a formal way
of writing and it is just a reading aid.