JUNIO 2016 B1

COMPRENSIÓN DE LECTURA
Apellidos: …………………………………………………………………………………………………
Nombre: …………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Marca con una X lo que corresponda:

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Alumno/a OFICIAL (Indica el nombre de tu profesor/a tutor/a durante el curso

2015-2016: ………………………………………..………………………………….)

Alumno/a LIBRE Grupo: ...........................

INSTRUCCIONES PARA LA REALIZACIÓN DE ESTE EJERCICIO:

o Duración: 60 minutos
o Este ejercicio consta de dos tareas. Deberás realizar las dos.
o En la tarea 1 deberás leer un texto y completar cada enunciado con una de las
opciones dadas (A, B o C).
Obtienes: 2 puntos por cada respuesta correcta; 0 puntos por cada respuesta
incorrecta o no dada.
o En la tarea 2 deberás leer un texto y relacionar cada fragmento con el título
correcto.
Obtienes: 1 punto por cada respuesta correcta; 0 puntos por cada respuesta incorrecta
o no dada.
Muy importante: al final, comprueba que has elegido una sola opción (como en el
ejemplo); si eliges dos opciones, se anula la respuesta a esa pregunta.

o No escribas en los cuadros destinados a la calificación de las tareas.

o Sólo se admiten respuestas escritas con bolígrafo azul o negro.

NO ESCRIBAS AQUÍ

PUNTUACIÓN DEL EJERCICIO: _____ / 20

CALIFICACIÓN: ⃞ Superado ⃞ No Superado

NIVEL INTERMEDIO INGLÉS

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2016

TAREA 1 - 12 puntos: Read the text on page 3. Choose the correct option (A, B, or C) to complete each
sentence. The first one (0) is an example.

ANSWER
Cash for Cycling
0. This news article is about…
A. …famous cycling culture in chaotic Milan. 0 C ✔
B. …getting Milanese citizens to lose weight by cycling.
C. …paying commuters to bike to work in polluted Milan.
1. Italy is…
A. …adopting a new system of bike sharing. 1
B. …getting €35m to welcome back bicicletta.
C. …looking for eco-friendly measures against pollution.
2. Milan’s councillor for mobility…
A. …is tracking bike activity through a smartphone app. 2
B. …wants to copy a 2014 French experience.
C. …will give every citizen 25 cents for each kilometre they cycle.
3. According to Ralph Buehler, …
A. …a safe cycling environment may not be enough to encourage bikers. 3
B. …it is easy to break the habit of driving.
C. …money alone is not enough of a motivation.
4. Hoger Haubold believes…
A. …businesses can take measures to promote riding. 4
B. …company cars are a clear disincentive to cycling.
C. …driving to work is more rewarding than biking.
5. In cycle-friendly cities like Copenhagen…
A. …green issues make people use the bike. 5
B. …mobility predominates over sport.
C. …people pedal for financial reasons.
6. Air pollution…
A. …completely stopped cars in December. 6
B. …discourages people from cycling to work.
C. …led to a €1.50 discount in fares.

PUNTOS: /12
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Cash for Cycling
source: www.theguardian.com
Famed for Vespas, Fiat 500s and a somewhat erratic driving style, Italy is not a land known for a thriving urban
cycling culture. While the metropolises of northern Europe have invested in innovative solutions to get citizens
on their bikes, in the bel paese the car remains king. But now Italy’s economic powerhouse, Milan, is seeking to
bring back the bicicletta by paying people to cycle to work. The move follows the announcement in December
of a €35m government fund for sustainable mobility solutions, after Milan and other parts of the country were
hit by dangerous levels of pollution.

Within the next few weeks local authorities nationwide will begin competing for the state cash, with
Milan’s councillor for mobility, Pierfrancesco Maran, hoping to be first in line. While there is already a
movement in Milan to make the city cycle-friendly, such as a successful bike sharing scheme, he believes
more could be done.

“Reimburse those who go to work by bike; a project similar to the one in France,” Maran said. Under the
French system tested in 2014, employees were paid 25 cents per kilometre they pedalled to work. A pilot
on the same principle is currently being rolled out in Massarosa, a small Tuscan town where 50 people are
said to be taking part. With the numbers in Milan likely to be considerably higher, Maran’s office has
suggested using an app to keep track of people cycling to work and has sought help on how to potentially set
up the scheme.

Ralph Buehler, an associate professor in urban affairs and planning at Virginia Tech in the United States,
believes a paying scheme has to be accompanied by other measures to make cycling a realistic option.

The availability of bike paths and secure parking are areas which could affect a person’s willingness to cycle
to work. The relative ease of driving is also a factor, although Buehler warned it is difficult to enforce
measures against cars before other options are in place.

Even with all of these options available, people are less likely to cycle to the office if they are also
incentivised to drive. Holger Haubold, a fiscal and economic policy officer at the European Cyclists’
Federation, says a counter-productive scheme exists in Belgium whereby people are offered company cars
alongside a cycle-to-work scheme. Despite this, “companies that have this incentive in place have
significantly more employees cycling to work than those that don’t,” he said.

In Copenhagen, which already boasts some of the world’s best cycling infrastructure, few people cycle as a
way to save money on fuel or public transport. According to figures, only 6% of people in Copenhagen
cycle because it is inexpensive. The main reason people pedal their way through the city is because it’s
quick and easy, 56% of cyclists said, while 19% do so for the exercise. Just 1% of people are motivated by
environmental concerns; noteworthy in Milan, where cycling is seen as a way to tackle the city’s pollution
problem.

Poor air quality creates an undesirable environment in a city, which doesn’t exactly encourage people to
spend more time outdoors. Pollution instead serves as a motivational factor for politicians, such as in Milan
where all traffic was banned for a period in December owing to poor air quality. City hall also introduced a
reduced €1.50 day ticket for public transport.

Ultimately, Buehler says, potential cyclists are more likely to respond to individual benefits – such as cash
in their pockets: “Many people are idealist and think the environment should be safe, but for many adding
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this direct, selfish benefit is a good strategy.”

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TAREA 2 - 8 puntos: Read the following tips to become a better online writer. Match each
tip with its heading as in example 0. There are two extra headings.

HEADINGS
0. Do more things
1. Collect information about your topic 2. Don’t look for perfection
3. Know your audience 4. Make it easy to read
5. Read more 6. Record yourself
7. Reserve time each day for writing 8. Take risks
9. Understand that writing online is different 10. Write to one person

How to Be a Better Online Writer Source: www.incomediary.com

A) 0 We write best from experience. If you’re having trouble coming up with good ideas for new
articles, maybe the problem is that you don’t have very much to say. So throw yourself fully into
the subject of your writing. Try something different. Learn something new. Make a new
connection in the industry. The broader experience you have to draw from, the easier it is to write.
B) ____ If you’ve already got a great idea for what you want to write about but you’re having trouble
putting it on paper, try talking your idea out. Talking is simply easier than writing and it helps us to
get to the heart of things. When you reach a good stopping point, play back the audio and transcribe
it. The result will be raw, but it will also be a great starting place for your article.
C) ____Look for opportunities to enrich your article with images, audio, or video. Linking out to useful
information and websites is a courtesy to your readers. Avoid using colloquial expressions or relying
on cultural references that will only be understood by people in your country. Don’t use too many
long paragraphs; online readers are turned off by big blocks of text.
D) ____Part of the creative process is adopting an open attitude. The best writers explore possibilities.
Next time you get an original idea, explore it. Even if you don’t keep the results, you’ll have learned
something that you can bring into your final draft.
E) ____The best writing is simple. You read a sentence and its meaning just slips comfortably into your
brain. Less is more. Try to use simple words to express complex ideas. You will be amazed at how
many people respond to your writing. Always choose clarity over complexity.
F) ____The better informed you are on your subject, the more informative and valuable your article
can be. Investigate thoroughly and you’ll know just what to write for every section. Also, analyze the
work of writers that you admire. Their skill with words will start showing up in your own writing.
G) ____Thousands of different people will eventually read our words, and we tend to write for all of
them. That’s a nice idea, but broad writing is typically uninspiring. When you try to include
everybody, you just make everybody bored. Instead, imagine a single person who represents your
target audience. Write your article as if you’re talking to that one individual. You’ll find that your
writing becomes more specific and intimate.
H) ____We sometimes forget that our words are eventually read by real people. That’s why it’s
important to learn as much as you can about the people who are reading your work. Find out your
readers’ average age, gender, and location. Find out about their lifestyles, aspirations, and problems.
You can do this by putting a poll on your website or simply follow up with comments and retweets.
The more you know about them, the better you’ll be able to help them.
I) ____You’ve probably got a reasonable confidence in your writing. But you’ve also probably got
some unrealistic expectations. If you think everything you write needs to be sublime, then you’ll
struggle to get words on paper. Writing is impossible to master. While your articles should be well-
crafted, they shouldn’t be perfect.
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