GIMNASIO EDUCATIVO DIUCA

PERIODO PLAN DE MEJORAMIENTO DEL AREA GRADO

IV DE INGLÉS 8VO

INTRODUCCIÓN A LA TEMÁTICA

LIKE AND DISLIKE

Like y Dislike
Al hablar de Like y Dislike nos referimos a aquello que nos gusta o no, ya sea una cosa o una acción. Por ejemplo:
 I like the animals.
Me gustan los animales.

 I dislike the onion.

Me desagrada la cebolla.

Cuando quieres indicar que una acción te gusta o no, el verbo de la acción va acompañado de la terminación "-ing",
así:
 She likes dancing to salsa.
A ella le gusta bailar salsa.

 You dislike listening to music. 

A ti te desagrada oír música.

Para indicar lo que te agrada o no, existen varios verbos, como:

Love:
 You love your dog.
Tú amas tu perro.

 She loves reading the newspaper.

Ella ama leer el periódico. 

Like:
 He likes his new bed.
A él le gusta su nueva cama.

 They like running in the beach.

Ellos gustan de correr en la playa.

Enjoy:
 The dog enjoys the water.
El perro disfruta el agua.

 I enjoy watching television.

Disfruto ver televisión.

Dislike:
 They dislike that taste. 
A ellos les desagrada ese sabor.

 I dislike reading. 
Me desagrada leer. 

Hate:
 We hate horror movies.
Nosotros odiamos las películas de terror.

 I hate skating in those parks. 

Yo odio patinar en esos parques.
 NARRACIÓN

Nuestras historias, experiencias y anécdotas forman parte de nuestra vida, y por eso nos encanta compartirlas con
familiares, amigos y conocidos. Seguro que sabes cómo contarlas con todo lujo de detalles, pero… ¿sabrías hacerlo
igual de bien en inglés? Tiempos verbales adecuados, expresiones para dar énfasis, para dar pie a otra idea o para
finalizar una narración son fundamentales para relatar esas historias que tanto te gustan y para que te escuchan
puedan imaginarlas a la perfección.

Empezamos con los verbos. Puesto que estás contando algo que te ha pasado, es lógico que eches mano de
palabras y estructuras en pasado:

 Past Simple: I went to…/I lived in…

 Past continuous: I was studying…/They were talking…
 Past perfect: The meeting had started when…/ I had bought a new car…
 Past perfect continuous: I was watching TV when…/My cousins were celebrating when…

I used to/I would…: estas expresiones te ayudarán a situar en el tiempo todo aquello que tenías por costumbre, que
solías hacer o que solías tener. I used to go every summer to my grandma’s house o I would go every summer…
Otro punto fundamental para construir una historia o anécdota en pasado son los conectores. Aquí tienes algunos
que puedes utilizar para dar énfasis a tu story.

Expresiones de tiempo: It all began, meanwhile, sometime later, finally, in the end…
Efecto drámatico: Suddenly, without warning, out of the blue, as if from nowhere, quite unexpectedly…
Expresiones para concluir: when it was all over, looking back now, after all that had happened…
También existen otras expresiones que puedes introducir para complementar tu historia: I remember…, it comes into
my mind…
1. Desarrolla la siguiente actividad, responde verdadero (true) o falso (false) de acuerdo a la informacion que se
presenta en las imágenes, posteriormente completa las frases de abajo usando Like / Don’t Like. (Importante
tener el cuenta del uso de la tercera persona).
2. En el siguiente texto identifica los tiempos gramaticales que aparecen, subrayalos y especifica de que tiempo
se trata.

Yellowstone National Park

Yellowstone National Park, located in Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming, was established as the first national
park in the United States. The park is a popular destination for visitors who enjoy ecological tourism as it
offers forests, mountains, and abundant ecosystems to explore. Some of Yellowstone’s most well-known
landmarks are its geothermal hot springs and geysers, the most famous of which is named Old Faithful.
Last fall, Lisa and her friends decided to take a camping trip to Yellowstone National Park. They arranged
to stay at one of the park’s many convenient campsites. For their camping trip, they brought their
backpacks, sleeping bags, and a cooler of food and drinks. They pitched their tents immediately upon
arriving to their campsite.
During their trip, Lisa and her friends hiked the many trails of the park, exploring its natural surroundings.
In the forest, they saw a lot of local wildlife. Lisa was surprised to see a family of grizzly bears, some gray
wolves, and even bald eagles flying overhead. Outside of the woods, they admired the beauty of some of
Yellowstone’s natural cascades.
Since Yellowstone contains many hot springs and the world’s largest area of active geysers, Lisa and her
friends visited many different geyser sites. They even spent an afternoon swimming in Yellowstone’s
Boiling River. Of all of the sites, Lisa and her friends agreed that Old Faithful was the most impressive.
Lisa and her friends waited patiently for the geyser to erupt. After about 40 minutes, a stream of boiling
water over 100 feet tall sprayed from the ground and up into the air. Fortunately, no one got wet!

3. Completa las siguientes frases usando los verbos en tercera persona, escribe que regla de las
aprendidas en clase usaste para alterar la forma infinitiva del verbo.
4. Completa la tabla usando verbos en pasado, escribe que regla de las aprendidas en clase usaste para
alterar la forma infinitiva del verbo. (Realiza una frase en pasado por cada verbo)

5. Realiza la actividad y explica que regla de los verbos en pasado usaste (apoyarse de los apuntes en
clase y el vídeo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fLHrVG3IpbM&t=230s )
6. Realiza la actividad presentada, explica que regla de los verbos en 3ra persona usaste (apoyarse de
apuntes de la clase y memofichas realizadas en clase).
 7. Escribe el pasado simple de los siguientes verbos, escribe una frase en pasado simple/continuo por
cada uno.

5. 8. En los siguientes textos con color ROJO identificar los SUSTANTIVOS, en color AZUL los
VERBOS, en color VERDE los ADJETIVOS/COMPARATIVOS/SUPERLATIVOS, en color
NARANJA los CONECTORES, con color NEGRO subrayar los TIEMPOS GRAMATICALES y
especificar cual se usa, en color AMARILLO el VOCABULARIO DESCONOCIDO. (Este ultimo al
igual que el resto de palabras en el texto será preguntado y debe ser sustentado).

Spanish Flu Pandemic of 1918

The deadliest virus in modern history, perhaps of all time, was the 1918 Spanish Flu. It killed about 20
to 50 million people worldwide, perhaps more. The total death toll is unknown because medical
records were not kept in many areas.

The pandemic hit during World War I and devastated military troops. In the United States, for
instance, more servicemen were killed from the flu than from the war itself. The Spanish flu was fatal
to a higher proportion of young adults than most flu viruses.

The pandemic started mildly, in the spring of 1918, but was followed by a much more severe wave in
the fall of 1918. The war likely contributed to the devastating mortality numbers, as large outbreaks
occurred in military forces living in close quarters. Poor nutrition and the unsanitary conditions of war
camps had an effect.

A third wave occurred in the winter and spring of 1919, and a fourth, smaller wave occurred in a few
areas in spring 1920. Initial symptoms of the flu were typical: sore throat, headache, and fever. The flu
often progressed rapidly to cause severe pneumonia and sometimes hemorrhage in the lungs and
mucus membranes. A characteristic feature of severe cases of the Spanish Flu was heliotrope
cyanosis, where the patient’s face turned blue from lack of oxygen in the cells. Death usually followed
within hours or days.

Modern medicine such as vaccines, antivirals, and antibiotics for secondary infections were not
available at that time, so medical personnel couldn’t do much more than try to relieve symptoms.

The flu ended when it had infected enough people that those who were susceptible had either died or
developed immunity.

The Environment

In our modern world, there are many factors that place the wellbeing of the planet in jeopardy. While
some people have the opinion that environmental problems are just a natural occurrence, others
believe that human beings have a huge impact on the environment. Regardless of your viewpoint, take
into consideration the following factors that place our environment as well as the planet Earth in
danger.
Global warming or climate change is a major contributing factor to environmental damage. Because of
global warming, we have seen an increase in melting ice caps, a rise in sea levels, and the formation of
new weather patterns. These weather patterns have caused stronger storms, droughts, and flooding in
places that they formerly did not occur.

Air pollution is primarily caused as a result of excessive and unregulated emissions of carbon dioxide
into the air. Pollutants mostly emerge from the burning of fossil fuels in addition to chemicals, toxic
substances, and improper waste disposal. Air pollutants are absorbed into the atmosphere, and they
can cause smog, a combination of smoke and fog, in valleys as well as produce acidic precipitation in
areas far away from the pollution source.

In many areas, people and local governments do not sustainably use their natural resources. Mining
for natural gases, deforestation, and even improper use of water resources can have tremendous effects
on the environment. While these strategies often attempt to boost local economies, their effects can
lead to oil spills, interrupted animal habitats, and droughts.

Ultimately, the effects of the modern world on the environment can lead to many problems. Human
beings need to consider the repercussions of their actions, trying to reduce, reuse, and recycle
materials while establishing environmentally sustainable habits. If measures are not taken to protect
the environment, we can potentially witness the extinction of more endangered species, worldwide
pollution, and a completely uninhabitable planet.

Valentine's Day

Valentine's Day (or Saint Valentine's Day) is a holiday that, in the United States, takes place on
February 14, and technically signifies the accomplishments of St. Valentine, a third-century Roman
saint.

With that said, most Americans, instead of honoring St. Valentine through religious ceremony, enjoy
the holiday by engaging in "romantic" behavior with their significant other or someone who they wish
to be their significant other; gifts, special dinners, and other acknowledgements of affection comprise
most individuals' Valentine's Day celebrations.

Chocolates and flowers are commonly given as gifts during Valentine's Day, as are accompanying
greeting cards (greeting card companies release new Valentine's Day designs annually). Red and pink
are generally understood to be "the colors" of Valentine's Day, and many individuals, instead of
celebrating romantically, spend the holiday with their friends and/or family members.

Variations of Valentine's Day are celebrated across the globe throughout the year. In America, the
holiday, although acknowledged by the vast majority of the population, isn't federally recognized; no
time off work is granted for Valentine's Day.