ipk_ r_Z®e ¾$dp„L$ : Aæepk - 2116/(â.¾$.

43/16) A¡kX$u-4 qv$_p„L$ 25-4-2016 AÞhe¡ õ\pr`s \e¡g kdÞhe krdrs_u

qv$_p„L$ 19-03-2019 fp¡S>_u b¡W$L$dp„ Ap `pW$é`yõsL$ i¥nrZL$ hj® 2019-20 \u r_^p®qfs L$fhp_u dpÞesp Ap`hpdp„ Aphu R>¡.

NyS>fpsu

bpgcpfsu
^p¡fZ - buSy>„

dpfy„ _pd ............................................. R>¡.

2019
dlpfpóV²$ fpÄe ‘pW$é‘yõsL$ r“rd®rs A“¡ Aæepk¾$d k„ip¡^“ d„X$m, ‘yZ¡ - 411 004
sdpfp õdpV®$ap¡_dp„ DIKSHA App Üpfp `pW$é`yõsL$_p„ `l¡gp
`p_p„ `f_p Q.R. Code\u qX$TuV$g `pW$é`yõsL$ A_¡ v$f¡L$ `pW$
k„b„r^s AÝee_-AÝep`_ dpV¡$ D`ep¡Nu ×íe-îpìe kprlÐe
D`gå^ \i¡.

* `pWé`yõsL$dp„ Ap`¡g rQÓp¡dp„ Å¡ fpóV²$ÝhS>_u f„NR>V$p rhk„Ns S>Zpsu lp¡e sp¡ s¡ sp„rÓL$
dep®v$p_¡ L$pfZ¡ R>¡.
â’dph©rÑ : 2019 © dlpfpô²$ fpÄe `pWé`yõsL r_rd®rs A_¡ Aæepk¾$d k„ip¡^_ d„X$m, `yZ¡ 411 004.
`y _dy®ÖZ : 2020 dlpfpô²$ fpÄe `pWé`yõsL$$ r_rd®rs A_¡ Aæepk¾$d k„ip¡^_ d„X$m `pk¡ Ap `yõsL$_p
b^p l½$ fl¡i¡. Ap `yõsL$_p¡ L$p¡C`Z cpN k„QpgL$, dlpfpô²$ fpÄe `pW$é`yõsL$
r_rd®rs A_¡ Aæepk¾$d k„ip¡^_ d„X$m_u g¡rMs `fhp_Nu hNf R>p`u iL$pi¡ _rl.

dy¿e kdÞheL$ âõsph“p

îudsu âpQu fhuÞÖ kpW¡$ bpg rdÓp¡ - kMuAp¡ !
NyS>fpsu cpjp krdrs kæe : ^p¡fZ buÅdp„ Ap`_y„ õhpNs R>¡. Ap`_p dpV¡$ s¥epf
X$p¸. d^yb¡_ k„`V$ L$fpe¡g ^p¡fZ buÅ_y„ bpgcpfsu_y„ `pWé`yõsL$ Ap`_p lp\dp„
îu. R>p¡Vy$cpC `V¡$g d|L$sp Ad¡ Ap_„v$ A_ychuA¡ R>uA¡.
X$p¸. ÅN©rsb¡_ s¡f¥ep NyS>fpsu cpjp sd¡ lksp„ fdsp„, Ap_„v$ kl A_¡
îudsu Arð_ub¡_ lfdg¡ klS>sp\u riMu iL$p¡ s¡ dpV¡$ Ap `pWé`yõsL$_u fQ_p rQÓde
îudsu ârscpb¡_ `V¡$g A_¡ L©$rs Ap^pqfs L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. ^p¡fZ 1dp„ sd¡ d|mpnfp¡,
îu kyÆsLy$dpf `p„X¡$ bpfpMX$u, iåv$p¡, hp¼ep¡, _p_p NÛ-`ÛM„X$ hp„Qsp iu¿ep S>
îu ^uf¡_ v$p¡iu R>p¡. s¡_p `y_fphs®_ ê$`¡ Al] sd_¡ L¡$V$guL$ L©$rsAp¡ Ap`u R>¡. S>¡
îudsu ^rd®L$p v$p¡iu sd_¡ Nçds kp\¡ op_ Ap`i¡.
kæe-k„ep¡S>L$ : îudsu L¡$sL$u r_s¡i Å_u Ap `yõsL$dp„ Ap`¡gp„ Nusp¡ b^p„ rdÓp¡_u kp\¡ Nphpdp„
sd¡ Ap_„v$ A_ychip¡. hpsp® kp„cmhp_u, buÅ_¡ L$l¡hp_u
k„ep¡S>_ âdyM : îudsu L¡$sL$u r_s¡i Å_u sd_¡ dÅ Aphi¡. rQÓ `f\u hpsp® s¥epf L$fu rdÓp¡_¡ L$l¡hp_u
rhi¡jpr^L$pfu, NyS>fpsu rhcpN Nçds `X$i¡. Ap `yõsL$dp„ sd_¡ Nd¡ s¡hp, ApL$j®L$ f„Nu_
`pW$é`yõsL$ d„X$m, `yZ¡. rQÓp¡ Ap`hpdp„ Apìep R>¡. kp\¡ S> L¡$V$guL$ cprjL$ fdsp¡ `Z
Ap`hpdp„ Aphu R>¡. `pW$_u _uQ¡ Ap`¡g Ah_hp õhpÝepe
AnfN|„\Zu : kd\® N°pqa¼k,
sdpfu ApL$g_ i[¼s_¡ rMghi¡. kp\¡ S> NyS>fpsu cpjp_u
522, _pfpeZ `¡W$, `yZ¡-30.
sdpfu iåv$k„`rÑ `Z h^pfi¡.
rQÓ$ : îu. k„S>ecpC `V¡$g
Ap `pWé`yõsL$dp„ Ap`¡gp ¼e|.Apf. L$p¡X$dp„ Ap`¡gu dprlsu
dyM`©óW$ : îu. fpS>¡ÞÖ rNf^pfu `Z sd_¡ S>ê$f Ndi¡. ^p¡fZ buÅ_y„ hj® `|Z® \sp ky^udp„ Ap`
r_rd®rs : îu. k[ÃQv$p_„v$ Apam¡ kp¥ A`¡rns ndspAp¡ Qp¡½$k âpàs L$fip¡ A¡hp¡ rhðpk R>¡.
dy¿e r_rd®rs Ar^L$pfu rdÓp¡ A_¡ kMuAp¡, Ap_„v$\u riMsp„ riMsp„ dp¡V$p
îu. krQ_ dl¡sp \pAp¡ ! Ap` kp¥_¡ M|b M|b iyc¡ÃR>pAp¡ !!
r_rd®rs Ar^L$pfu
îu. r_su_ hpZu
klpeL r_rd®rs Ar^L$pfu
L$pNm : 70 GSM Creamwove
dyÖZpv¡$i : N/PB/2017-18/Qty. 5000 (X$p¸. kyr_g dNf)
`yZ¡‎
dyÖL$ : sp. : 06 A¡râg, 2019 k„QpgL$
âL$piL$ : îu. rhh¡L$ Np¡kphu, r_e„ÓL$ cpfsue kp¥f qv$_p„L$: dlpfpô²$ fpÄe `pW$é`yõsL$ r_rd®rs
`pW$é`yõsL$ r_rd®rs d„X$m, 16 Q¥Ó, 1941 A_¡ Aæepk¾$d k„ip¡^_ d„X$m, `yZ¡.‎
âcpv¡$hu, dy„bC - 25.
 fpô²$Nus‎
S>_NZd_ - Ar^_peL$ S>e l¡ ‎
cpfs-cpÁerh^psp :‎
‎`„Åb, rk„^y, NyS>fps, dfpW$p, ‎
ÖprhX$, DÐL$g, b„N, ‎
thÝe, rldpQg, edy_p, N„Np, ‎
DÃR>g S>gr^sf„N,‎
sh iyc _pd¡ ÅN¡, sh iyc Aprij dpN¡, ‎
Npe¡ sh S>e Np\p, ‎
S>_NZd„Ngv$peL$ S>e l¡, ‎
cpfs cpÁe rh^psp —&
S>e l¡, S>e l¡, S>e l¡, ‎
S>e S>e S>e S>e l¡ —&&

ârsop
cpfs dpfp¡ v¡$i R>¡. b^p cpfsuAp¡ dpfp„
cpCbl¡_ R>¡. ‎
lz„ dpfp v¡$i_¡ Qplz„ Ry>„ A_¡ s¡_p kd©Ù A_¡
h¥rhÝe`|Z® hpfkp_p¡ d_¡ Nh® R>¡. lz„ k ‎ v$pe s¡_¡
gpeL$ b_hp âeÐ_ L$fui. ‎
lz„ dpfp„ dpspr`sp, rinL$p¡ A_¡ hX$ugp¡ âÐe¡
Apv$f fpMui A_¡ v$f¡L$ S>Z kp\¡ k ‎ æesp\u
hs}i. ‎
lz„ dpfp„ v¡$i A_¡ v¡$ibp„^hp¡ âÐe¡ hapv$pfu
fpMhp_u ârsop gJ Ry>„. s¡d_p„ L$ëepZ A_¡
‎kd©qÙdp„ S> dpf„y kyM kdpe¡gy„ R>¡.‎
 ^p¡fZ buSy>„ - NyS>fpsu AÝee_ r_ó`rÑ
AÝee_ dpV¡$ k|Qh¡gu i¥nrZL$ âq¾$ep AÝee_ r_ó`rÑ
v$f¡L$ rhÛp\}Ap¡¡_¡ (rcÞ_ ê$`\u knd bpmL$p¡ rhÛp\} -
krls) ìe[¼sNs, kd|ldp„ L$pe® L$fhp_p¡ 02.05.01 rhrh^ DØ¡ip¡ dpV¡$ `p¡sp_u cpjp A\hp/A_¡ ipmp_u
Ahkf A_¡ âp¡Ðkpl_ dm¡ s¡ dpV¡$ - cpjp_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fu_¡ hpsQus L$f¡ R>¡, S>¡d L¡$ - dprlsu
yy `p¡sp_u cpjpdp„ bp¡ghp_u, QQp® L$fhp_u d¡mhhp âñp¡ `|R>hp, ìe[¼sNs A_ychp¡ fS|> L$fhp,
`|fu õhs„Ósp A_¡ sL$ Ap`hu. `p¡sp_p¡ sL®$ fS|> L$fhp¡ hN¡f¡.
yy NyS>fpsudp„ kp„cm¡gu hps, L$rhsp, hpsp® 02.05.02 fS|> \C fl¡gu hps, L$rhsp, hpsp® hN¡f¡_¡ Ýep_\u
hN¡f¡_¡ `p¡sp_u fus¡ A_¡ `p¡sp_u cpjpdp„ kp„cmu_¡ `p¡sp_u cpjpdp„ L$l¡ R>¡.
L$l¡hp-kp„cmhp_u/âñ `|R>hp_u A_¡ 02.05.03 Å¡e¡gu, kp„cm¡gu hps, hpsp®, L$rhsp hN¡f¡ rhi¡
`p¡sp_u hps Å¡X$hp_u sL$ lp¡e. hpsQus L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ `p¡sp_u ârsq¾$ep ìe¼s L$f¡ R>¡.
yy bpmL$p¡ Üpfp `p¡sp_u cpjpdp„ L$l¡gu 02.05.04 `p¡sp_p ìe[¼sNs Æh_ A_¡ `qfkf `f Ap^pqfs
hpsp¡_¡ NyS>fpsu A_¡ AÞe cpjpAp¡dp„ A_ychp¡_¡ fS|> \C fl¡gu kpdN°u, S>¡d L¡$ - L$rhsp,
(S>¡ cpjpAp¡_p bpmL$p¡ hN®dp„ lp¡e) hpsp®, `p¡õV$f, Ål¡fMbf hN¡f¡ kp\¡ Å¡X$u_¡ hpsQusdp„
afu\u L$l¡hp_u sL$ lp¡e. S>¡\u cpjpAp¡_¡ D`ep¡N L$f¡ R>¡.
hN®dp„ kdyrQs õ\p_ dmu iL$i¡ A_¡ 02.05.05 cpjp_p rhrióV$ iåv$p¡ A_¡ DÃQpfp¡ kp\¡ fds_p¡ Ap_„v$
A¡d_p¡ iåv$c„X$p¡m h^i¡, Arcìe[¼s_p¡ gC ge A_¡ âpkhpmp iåv$p¡ b_ph¡ R>¡, S>¡d L¡$ - "sf¡,
rhL$pk L$fhp_u sL$ `Z dmu iL$i¡. af¡, Qf¡'
yy hpQ_M„X$dp„ õsf A_ykpf rhrh^ âL$pf_u 02.05.06 `p¡sp_u L$ë`_p\u hpsp®, L$rhsp hN¡f¡ L$l¡ R>¡/ApNm
s\p rhrh^ cpjpAp¡dp„ (bpmL$p¡_u h^pf¡ R>¡.
`p¡sp_u cpjp, NyS>fpsu hN¡f¡) fp¡QL$ 02.05.07 `p¡sp_p õsf A_¡ `k„v$ A_ykpf, hpsp®, L$rhsp, rQÓ,
kpdN°u S>¡d L¡$ - bpmkprlÐe, `p¡õV$f hN¡f¡_¡ Ap_„v$`|h®L$ hp„Qu_¡ `p¡sp_u ârsq¾$ep
bpm`rÓL$p, `p¡õV$f, ×íe-îpìe kpdN°u ìe¼s L$f¡ R>¡, âñ `|R>¡ R>¡.
D`gå^ L$fu Ap`hp. 02.05.08 rQÓ_u k|ÿd A_¡ âÐen bpSy>Ap¡_y„ Ýep_`|h®L$ Ahgp¡L$_
yy rQÓp¡_p Ap^pf¡ A_ydp_ L$fu_¡ Sy>v$u- L$f¡ R>¡.
Sy>v$u hpsp®Ap¡, L$rhsp_¡ hp„Qhp_p¡ dp¡L$p¡ 02.05.09 rQÓdp„ A\hp ¾$dbÙ Np¡W$hg¡ p rQÓp¡dp„ OV$su Sy>v$u-Sy>v$u
Ap`hp¡. OV$_pAp¡, âh©rÑAp¡ A_¡ `pÓp¡_¡ A¡L$ k„v$c® A\hp hpsp®_p
yy rhrh^ DØ¡ip¡ dpV¡$ hp„Qsu hMs¡ rhrh^ k|Ó A_ykpf kdS>¡ R>¡ A_¡ âi„kp L$f¡ R>¡.
`qfdpZp¡_¡ hN®dp„ õ\p_ Ap`hp_u 02.05.10 `qfrQs/A`qfrQs g¡rMs kpdN°udp„ ê$rQ v$ip®h¡ R>¡,
sL$ lp¡e, S>¡d L¡$ - L$p¡C hpsp®dp„\u L$p¡C hpsQus L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ A\®_u ip¡^ dpV¡$ rhrh^ D`pep¡ L$f¡
dprlsu ip¡^hu, hpsp®_u OV$_p_p¡ ¾$d R>¡, S>¡d L¡$ - rQÓ A_¡ gMpZ_u dv$v$\u A_ydp_ L$fhy„,
_½$u L$fhp¡, `pÓp¡_p k„b„^dp„ `p¡sp_u Anf-Ýhr_ k„b„^_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fhp¡, iåv$p¡ Ap¡mMhp,
`k„v$ A\hp _p`k„v$ rhi¡ L$l¡hy„. `|h® A_ychp¡ A_¡ dprlsu_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fu_¡ A_ydp_
yy hpsp®, L$rhsp hN¡f¡_¡ bp¡gu_¡, hp„Qu_¡ L$fhy„.
k„cmphhp_u sL$ lp¡e A_¡ s¡ rhi¡ 02.05.11 g¡rMs A\hp R>p`¡gp Anf, iåv$ A_¡ hp¼e_p
hpsQus L$fhp_u sL$ lp¡e. A¡L$dp¡_¡ kdS>¡ R>¡, S>¡d L¡$ - "dpfy„ _pd rhdmp R>¡.'
 AÝee_ dpV¡$ k|Qh¡gu i¥nrZL$ âq¾$ep
yy kp„cm¡gu, Å¡e¡gu, hp„Q¡gu hpsp¡_¡ `p¡sp_u
fus¡ L$pNm `f Dspfhp_u sL$ lp¡e. A¡
rQÓ, iåv$ A_¡ hp¼e `Z lp¡C iL¡$ R>¡.
yy bpmL$p¡A¡ õhrgr`dp„ L$f¡gp g¡M__¡ cpjp
riMhp_u âq¾$ep_p¡ cpN kdS>hp¡ Å¡CA¡.
yy k„v$c® A_¡ DØ¡i A_ykpf D`ep¡Nu iåv$p¡
A_¡ hp¼ep¡ `k„v$ L$fu, s¡_u fQ_p L$fhp_u
sL$ lp¡e.
AÝee_ r_ó`rÑ
L$lp¡, Ap hp¼edp„ L¡$V$gp iåv$p¡ R>¡? "_pd' iåv$dp„ L¡$V$gp
Anf R>¡ A\hp "_pd' iåv$dp„ L$ep L$ep Anf R>¡ ?
02.05.12 NyS>fpsu hZ®dpmp_p Anfp¡_p¡ ApL$pf A_¡ Ýhr_
(DÃQpf) Ap¡mM¡ R>¡.
02.05.13 ipmp_u A„v$f/blpf (hp„Q_M„X$/`yõsL$pge)dp„\u
`p¡sp_¡ Ndsp `yõsL$p¡ Ås¡ `k„v$ L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ hp„Qhp_u
L$p¡rii L$f¡ R>¡.
02.05.14 õh¡ÃR>pA¡ A\hp rinL$ Üpfp r_ròs D`¾$d A„sN®s
ApX$u-Óp„ku f¡MpAp¡, Anf-ApL©$rs\u ApNm h^u_¡
Å¡X$Zu_p¡ D`ep¡N A_¡ õh-r_e„rÓs g¡M_ L$f¡ R>¡.
02.05.15 kp„cm¡gu A_¡ `p¡sp_p d__u hpsp¡_¡ `p¡sp_u fus¡
Sy>v$u-Sy>v$u fus¡ rQÓp¡/iåv$p¡/hp¼ep¡ Üpfp g¡rMs ê$`¡
ìe¼s L$f¡ R>¡.
02.05.16 `p¡sp_p ìe[¼sNs Æh_ A_¡ `qfkf `f Ap^pqfs
A_ychp¡_p¡ `p¡sp_p g¡M_dp„ D`ep¡N L$f¡ R>¡.
02.05.17 `p¡sp_u L$ë`_p\u hpsp®, L$rhsp hN¡f¡ _¡ ApNm h^pf¡
R>¡.

^p¡fZ buSy>„ - rinL$ kp\¡ k„hpv$

rinL$ rdÓp¡,
^p¡fZ buÅdp„ âh¡i¡gp rhÛp\}Ap¡A¡ ^p¡.`l¡gpdp„ d|mpnfp¡-bpfpMX$u-AdyL$ Å¡X$pnfp¡ riMu_¡ s¡_p¡ cf`|f
dlphfp¡ L$ep£ R>¡. Anf\u iåv$, iåv$\u hp¼e A_¡ NÛp„i-`Ûp„i_y„ hp„Q_ A_¡ g¡M_ s¡dZ¡ L$ey¯ R>¡. lh¡ ^p¡fZ
buÅdp„ s¡d_¡ A¡L$ X$Ngy„ ApNm h^pfhp_p R>¡. ApNm S>sp„ s¡Ap¡ A¡L$ _hp¡ rhje "`qfkf Aæepk' riMi¡.
s¡_p¡ `|h®`qfQe rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ \pe s¡ l¡sy\u `pWé`yõsL$dp„ `ep®hfZ k„b„^u L¡$V$guL$ L©$rsAp¡_p¡ kdph¡i
L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡. bv$gpe¡gp _hp Aæepk¾$d_p¡ dy¿e l¡sy rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ Np¡MZ`Ë$u\u dy¼s L$fu, op_\u ApL$g_
sfa gC S>hp_p¡ R>¡ dpV¡$ rhÛp\}Ap¡ `pW$-L$rhsp hp„Qu Ås¡ õhpÝepe_p âñp¡ DL¡$gu iL¡$ s¡ dpV¡$ s¡d_p klpeL$ b_hy„,
s¥epf DÑfp¡ Ap`hp _l]. AÞe L¡$V$guL$ L©$rsAp¡ k„b„^u k|Q_ _uQ¡ Ap`hpdp„ Apìep R>¡.

`p_y„ ¾$.
2. rQÓdp„ Sy>v$u `X$su bpbsp¡ ip¡^hp rhÛp\}Ap¡_p dpN®v$i®L$ b_hy„.
3. rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ d|mpnf, bpfpMX$u_y„ `y_fphs®_ L$fpìep bpv$ rhjeprcdyM L$fhp. Aphu buÆ L©$rsAp¡
L$fphu rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ ×Y$uL$fZ L$fphhy„.
`p_y„ ¾$.
4. "sp¡...' L$pìe Üpfp rhÛp\}Ap¡_u L$ë`_p k©[óV$ rhL$k¡, s¡Ap¡ `Z Aphu L$p¡C L$rhsp gMhp_p¡ âeÐ_ L$f¡ s¡
dpV¡$ â¡fZp L$fhu. rQÓ_y„ r_funZ L$fu s¡ rhi¡ bp¡ghp rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ â¡qfs L$fhp. S>ê$f S>Zpe sp¡ s¡d_¡
L¡$V$gpL$ âñp¡ `|R>u iL$pe.
5. Ap L©$rs_p¡ l¡sy rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ `nu `qfQe Ap`hp_p¡ R>¡. `nuAp¡, s¡d_u rhrióV$sp, s¡d_p¡ AhpS>
hN¡f¡_u dprlsu Ap`hu.
7. hZ®dpmp_p ¾$d âdpZ¡ Np¡W$hp¡_u L©$rs_y„ kfk ×Y$uL$fZ L$fphhy„.
11. Ap`¡g rQÓ `f\u hpsp® s¥epf L$fsu hMs¡ S>ê$f S>Zpe sp¡ s¡d_¡ âñp¡ `|R>u dpN®v$i®L$_u c|rdL$p r_cphhu.
13 \u Ap`¡g v$f¡L$ Å¡X$pnf_p¡ `|fsp¡ dlphfp¡ L$fphhp¡.
17.
18. "ApNm A_¡ `pR>m\u hp„Q' L©$rs Üpfp rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ cprjL$ kp¦v$e®\u `qfrQs L$fhp A_¡ hp„Q__p¡ Ap_„v$
dpZsp L$fhp.
* NÛ-`Û_u _uQ¡ õhpÝepedp„ Ap`¡gu L©$rsAp¡ rhÛp\}Ap¡_u iåv$k„`rÑ, ApL$g_i[¼s, Arcìe[¼s
ndsp h^pf¡, ìepL$fZ iåv$_p Dëg¡M rkhpe klS>`Z¡ s¡d_u cprjL$ kdS> L¡$mhpe s¡ fus¡ s¥epf
L$fhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. sp¡ s¡ k„b„r^s dpN®v$i®_ Ap`hy„. ApL$g_ L©$rs Ås¡ DL¡$ghpdp„ dv$v$ê$` b_hy„. õhds
- Arcìe[¼s Ap^pqfs âñp¡ k„b„^¡ `l¡gp hN®dp„ QQp® L$fu bpmL$p¡_¡ `p¡sp_p¡ ds ìe¼s L$fhpdp„ dv$v$ê$`
\hy„.
26. â. 2dp„ L$p¡óV$L$dp„\u iåv$ ip¡^sp„ `l¡gp„ rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ rh{$Ý^p\} iåv$ rhi¡ dprlsu Ap`hu.
28. D`¾$d-1 Üpfp âpZuAp¡ rhi¡_u k„`|Z® dprlsu - `pgsy âpZu, S>„Ngu âpZu, s¡d_p Aphpk, s¡d_u
rhi¡jsp rhi¡ gOyÑfu âñp¡ Üpfp rhÛp\}Ap¡_p `|h®op__¡ QL$pku rhi¡j hps L$fhu.
33. rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ F>syrhjeL$ k„`|Z® ÅZL$pfu Ap`hu.
37. â. 2dp„ Ap`¡gu L©$rs L$fphsu hMs¡ rhÛp\}Ap¡_p iåv$c„X$p¡mdp„ fl¡gp iåv$p¡_p kfm `ep®eu iåv$p¡\u
s¡d_¡ AhNs L$fphhp.
38. â. 6dp„ Ap`¡gu L©$rs_p¡ l¡sy dy¿eÐh¡ rhÛp\}Ap¡_y„ Ýep_ Å¡X$Zu âÐe¡ v$p¡fhp_y„ R>¡. S>¡\u s¡d_¡ AÐepf\
uS> iyÙg¡M__u Apv$s `X¡$.
40. rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ kÆh-r_Æ®h, qv$ip rhjeL$ dprlsu `|fu `pX$hu.
* hp„Q_ Ly$qV$f - 1dp„ õhpv$, âpZu A_¡ s¡_p bÃQp„ rhi¡ dprlsu Ap`u R>¡. s¡ rhi¡ gOyÑfu âñp¡ Üpfp
rhÛp\}Ap¡_y„ `|h®op_ QL$pku rhi¡j dpN®v$i®_ Ap`hy„.
42. X$p¸. Aåvy$g L$gpd_p¡ `qfQe Ap`hp¡. L$W$p¡f iåv$\u \su lpr_ rhi¡ hps L$fhu. rhÛp\}Ap¡_p A_ych
rhïh_p âk„N `Z `|R>hp.
47. D`¾$d - 4 Üpfp rhÛp\}Ap¡_¡ âq¾$ep_p¡ ¾$d kdÅhhp¡ A`¡rns R>¡.
52. D`¾$d - 5 dp„ Ap`¡gu L©$rs - `l¡gp¡ Anf L$pY$u b_sp¡ _hp¡ iåv$, s¡_p¡ A\® gM s\p Sy>v$p„ `X$sp„ iåv$
`f Np¡m L$f, S>¡hu h^y L©$rs s¥epf L$fu ×Y$uL$fZ L$fphhy„.
75. D`¾$d - 9 dp„ Ap`¡gu A¡L$ - A_¡L$ rhi¡ rhi¡j dprlsu Ap`u ×Y$uL$fZ L$fphhy„.
 A_y¾$drZL$p

¾$d `p_p ¾$.

1. âp\®_p 1
2. L©$rs - 1 \u 11 2\u 12
3. Å¡X$pnf `qfQe 13\u 17
4. D`¾$d - 1 18
5. bNuQp_u õL|$g 19
6. rhfpdrQŒp¡ 23
7. ky„v$f Of 24
8. D`¾$d - 2 28
9. bpf drl_p 29
10. D`¾$d - 3 33
11. Qsyf riepm 35
12. D`¾$d - 4 40
13. hp„Q_ Ly$qV$f - 1 41
14. îhZ 44
15. D`¾$d - 5 47
16. L$p¡C S> _hfy„ _\u 48
17. D`¾$d - 6 52
18. sl¡hpfp¡_u sL$fpf 53
19. D`¾$d - 7 57
20. TpX$ bQu Ney„ ! 58
21. D`¾$d - 8 62
22. Qpgp¡ bÅfdp„ 63
23. D`¾$d - 9 68
24. kp\¡ L$fuA¡ L$pd 69
25. hp„Q_ Ly$qV$f - 2 74
26. D`¾$d - 10 75
27. D`¾$d - 11 76
 âp\®_p
âcy Ad¡ spfp„ kp¥ bpm,
g¡S>¡ Adpfu kv$p k„cpm.
c|g L$v$u Å¡ \pe Adpfu,
sp¡ âcy g¡S>¡ s¡ ky^pfu.
QX$uA¡ `X$uA¡ `Z _p lW$uA¡,
tlds fpMu ApNm h^uA¡.
ApNm h^sp„ d_ d|„Tpe,
^pS>¡ L$fhp Ad_¡ klpe.
Ad_¡ Aph¡ iyc rhQpf,
^fhp„ L$pdp¡ lp\ A`pf.
i[¼s Ap`u L$f bmhp_,
âp\®_p L$fuA¡ l¡ cNhp_.
- v$pkbpby X$u. `V¡$g

u
ipmp A¡ op__y„ d„qv$f R>¡. u

1
 L©$rs - 1
T rQÓ Å¡ A_¡ s¡dp„_u Nçds/Sy>v$u bpbsp¡ ip¡^.

u
l„d¡ip kpQy„ bp¡guA¡. u

2
 L©$rs - 2
T ApNm_p¡ d|mpnf gM.
O M R> h
T b Z s
e k m Q

T `pR>m_p¡ d|mpnf gM.

L$ c m N
f n Q W$
Y$ h ^ `

T M|V$sp d|mpnf gM.

Q S> W Y$
f h k
v _ a c
T bpfpMX$u `|Z® L$f.
a qa az a¡
dp du d| d¥
Qy Q¡ Qp¡ Q„
u
riõs_y„ `pg_ L$fuA¡. u
3
 L©$rs - 3
T rQÓ Å¡ A_¡ ep¡Áe fus¡ Å¡X$.

kafS>_
rQÓ rQÓ
Apk_

OqX$epm
rQÓ rQÓ
fpMX$u

Vy$hpg
rQÓ rQÓ
L$b|sf

\¡gu
rQÓ rQÓ
dp¡f

b„NX$u

ers

u
S>Þdqv$hk¡ A¡L$ h©n hphuA¡. u
4
 L©$rs - 4
T iåv$kp„L$m `|Z® L$f.
fL$pbu
Qp¡V$gp¡
^p¡L$p¡
T rQÓ_u S>ÁepA¡ ep¡Áe iåv$ hp`fu_¡ hp„Q.
(1) vy$ + (5) khpf¡ EN¡ R>¡.

(2) + (6) d_¡ cph¡ R>¡.

(3) + dyMu (7) dpfu `pk¡ R>¡.

(4) + (8) ApL$pidp„ QdL¡$ R>¡.

T Ap`¡gp d|mpnfp¡_u bpfpMX$u\u A\®`|Z® iåv$ s¥epf L$f.

(1) L$ s f - (5) Y$ N g -

(2) M$ V$ f - (6) S> g b -

(3) N ^ X$ - (7) A f k -

(4) h d _ - (8) V$ d V$ -

u
DÐkhp¡dp„ klcpNu b_uA¡. u

5
 L©$rs - 5
T rQÓ Ap¡mMu _pd gM.

u
`nuAp¡_¡ QZ Ap`uA¡. u

6
 L©$rs - 6
T d|mpnfp¡_¡ hZ®dpmp_p ¾$d âdpZ¡ Np¡W$h.
T L$
(1) Q (6) S> N s
\ `
(2) N (7) i o d
R> _
(3) N (8) d ` f
(4) m S> g (9) f d Z
s _
(5) V$ (10) f c s

T S>hpb_p iåv$p¡dp„ M|V$sp Anfp¡ gM.

(1) fÅ_u cpC L¡$hu d Å
(2) dp_p cpC s¡ dp
(3) S>ep„ L$p`X$ s¥epf \pe s¡ rd
(4) Mpfy„ Mpfy„ `Z _pd sp¡ du
(5) fpÅ_¡ dp\¡ lp¡e s¡ dy
(6) TpX$_p¡ S>¡ cpN S>du__u A„v$f lp¡e s¡ d|
(7) Nus Npsy„ `„Mu d¡
(8) L©$óZ_u dpsp eip¡v$p d¥
(9) fõsp `f v$p¡X$sy„ hpl_ dp¡
(10) Np„^uÆ kp¡dhpf¡ `pmsp dp¥
(11) kp¥ Äep„ v$i®_ L$fhp Åe d„
u
kpCL$g hp`fuA¡, `ep®hfZ bQphuA¡. u
7
 L©$rs - 7

sp¡¡...
Ap k|fS>_u kp\¡ S> Qp„v$p¡ Å¡ EN¡,
sp¡ Nfdudp„ fpls L„$C \pe;
_¡ hjp®_u kp\¡ Å¡ R>ÓuAp¡ hfk¡,
sp¡ kph¡ _p c]ÅC S>hpe.
_mdp„\u S>m, v|$^, ifbs Å¡ Aph¡,
sp¡ ip¡t`N_p a¡fp Åe;
_¡ h©n¡ EN¡ fp¡V$u, \X$\u Tf¡ d^,
sp¡ b„v$p gl¡f\u Mpe,
S|>sp„_¡ `p„Mp¡ Å¡ aX$aX$su EN¡,
sp¡ õ`^p®dp„ ApNm ^kpe,
_¡ cZhp_y„ kOmy„ `Qph¡ L$p¡C Np¡mu,
sp¡ _„bf `l¡gp¡ `dpe !
- ei

T rQÓ Å¡. L$p¡Z iy„ bp¡gsy„ li¡ s¡ L$l¡.

u
`yõsL$_¡ rdÓ b_phuA¡. u

8
 L©$rs - 8
`|Z®rhfpd_u Ap¡mM
v$f¡L$ rh^p_ hp¼e - kpv$p hp¼e_p A„s¡ `|Z®rhfpd d|L$hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.
v$f¡L$ S|>\dp„\u A¡L$ iåv$ gC hp¼e b_ph. hp¼e_p A„s¡ `|Z®rhfpd d|L$.

Aprij `pW$ fd
Ad_ v$pMgp gph
cpfsu hp„Q
aprsdp ipL$ fds Aph
Ÿ_ CX$gu Ap`
Cgp A„v$f NZ

(1) (4)

(2) (5)

(3) (6)

T iåv$p¡_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fu hp¼e b_ph.

(1) awg, smph, L$dm -

(2) fõsp, v$p¡X$sp„, hpl_p¡ -

u
rhÛp rh_e\u ip¡c¡. u

9
 L©$rs - 9
T Ap`¡g rQÓ `f\u hp¼e b_ph.

(1) Npe

(2) L$dm

(3) k„sfp„

(4) rhdp_

(5) dfQy„

(6) rinL$

u
rhÛp\} Æh_ A¡ kp¡_¡fu Æh_. u

10
 L©$rs - 10
T rQÓp¡ `f\u hpsp® s¥epf L$f.

u
Mfpb Anf A¡V$g¡ A^|fu L¡$mhZu. u

11
 L©$rs - 11

T Ap`¡gp iåv$_p Anfp¡ `f\u buÅ `p„Q iåv$p¡ b_ph.

(1) (2)

cpf
afS
cph_Nf kafS>_

T k|Q_p dyS>b Anf gC b_sp¡ _hp¡ iåv$ hp„Q A_¡ gM.

kuspam buš Anf

NpS>f buš Anf

dL$pC `l¡gp¡ Anf

lpf `l¡gp¡ Anf

ê$dpg ÓuÅ¡ Anf

cpfsdp„ Aph¡gu A¡L$ AÅebu :

u
S>_ k¡hp A¡ S> âcyk¡hp. u

12
 Å¡X$pnf `qfQe
g¹ e ëe d|ëe Qpëep Tuëep
`¹ e àe àepgp Apàep fp¡àep
N¹ e Áe Apfp¡Áe S>Áep cpÁe
l¹ e ü X$püp¡ bpü L$üy„
_¹ e Þe Þepe L$Þep ^Þe
v¹$ e Û rhÛp `Û MpÛ
L$¹ e ¼e Ai¼e hp¼e ¼epf¡
Q¹ e Ãe hp„Ãey„ `lp¢Ãep¡ _pÃep¡
k¹ e õe lpõe cõep hfõep
m¹ e þe Nþe„y dþep¡ v$þey„
d¹ e çe fçe çep_ Nçep¡
X¹$ e Xé `Xép¡ fXép sp¡Xéy„
h¹ e ìe Apìep„ ìepk ìepepd
M¹ e ¿e ¿epg ¿eprs Qp¿ey„
s¹ e Ðe Ðepf¡ kÐe ÐepN
S¹> e Äe fpÄe `|Äe Äep¡rs
^¹ e Ýe Ýep_ kpÝe Ýe¡e
j¹ e óe d_yóe ^_yóe Apeyóe

u
b^p„ lmu dmu_¡ fluA¡. u

13
T Anfp¡_¡ Å¡X$sp„ s¥epf \sp Å¡X$pnf hp„Q. Ap`¡gp iåv$p¡_¡ hp„Qu_¡ gM.

v¹$ dyØp¡ -
Ü v$ Ú
d Öpn -
h
v¹$ Üpf -
^ f
Ù F> Ö `Ú -
× ×íe -

byÙ -

d ` h©n -
L$
N _
d©N -
h F> h©
_©` -
_© N©
`© L©$ N©l -
d©
`©óW$ -

L©$`p -

u
Ap` cgp sp¡ S>N cgp. u

14
T fdrsepm "f'_u dõsu Å¡. `¹
d¹$ Ç>
(1) "`' AX$^p¡_¡ "f' ApMp_u L$¹ N°
gX$pC cpf¡ Aphu; i¹
`¡V$ A_¡ `N hÃQ¡ O|ku ^°
f
"`' _¡ v$u^p¡ lfphu. ^¹ î
_d°- ¾$d- N¹ ¾$
îd- N°l- S¹> â d°

Ap„^°- hÇ>-
â\p- âÅ-

(2) AX$^p¡ "f' _uQ¡ Aph¡ sp¡ V$¹ V²$

suf_y„ ê$` spL¡$ "V²$', "X²$', f
"l²', "W²$' _p„ A„N hpm¡ X$¹ X²$
DÃQpf_¡ `Z AS>hpm¡.
V²$pd - V²$L$ -
X²$d  X²$pJ -

(3) AX$^p¡ "f' cpf¡ sp¡ap_u f ® ^ ^®

A¡_p¡ _ dm¡ Å¡V$p¡;
hÃQ¡ Aph¡, dp\¡ b¡k¡, hN®- k|e®-
L$fip¡ Ðep„ _rl Np¡V$p¡. idp®- `|Z®-
u
k„N s¡hp¡ f„N. u
15
T iåv$p¡ hp„Q A_¡ gM.

Að L©$óZ íepd

rhð s©óZp Np¡ëa

îuM„X$ rhrióV$ vy$Á^

Apîd õ`óV$ hõÓ

`Ó L$póW$ õså^

Óuk hrióW$ rS>ëgp¡

âL$pi L$pY$éy„ X$åbp¡

âZpd A½$g b½$g

cÎep k|„Âey„ s|V$ép¡

NÎep KÂey„ awV$ép¡

cË$ qL$õkp¡ R>Ì$p¡

u
k„sp¡ju _f kv$p kyMu. u

16
T hp¼ep¡ hp„Q, gM A_¡ Æh_dp„ A`_ph.
(1) r_erds õ_p_ L$fu õhÃR> L$`X$p„ `l¡fp¡.

(2) blpf_u MpÛ hõsy_p¡ ÐepN L$fp¡.

(3) ip„s rQÑ¡ Aæepk L$fp¡.

(4) ìepepd L$fhp\u Apfp¡Áe kpfy„ fl¡ R>¡.

(5) rkÁ_g Å¡ep `R>u fõsp¡ Ap¡m„Nhp¡.

(6) Of, ipmp, `qfkf õhÃR> fpMhp„.

(7) X$p¸¼V$f_u kgpl dp_p¡.

(8) `|Rép hNf L$p¡C_u hõsy g¡hpe _rl.

u
`l¡gy„ kyM s¡ Ås¡ _ep®. u
17
 m
D`¾$d - 1 m

T _uQ¡_p¡ aL$fp¡ hp„Qu s¡ A_ykpf rQÓ v$p¡fu s¡dp„ f„N `|f.

Aprij A_¡ A¡¡_p¡ rdÓ _v$u qL$_pf¡ afhp Nep. _v$u_u bpSy>dp„ TpX$ lsy„.
TpX$_u _uQ¡ f„Nb¡f„Nu awgp¡ lsp„. ApL$pidp„ hpv$mp¡ lsp„. `nuAp¡ EX$u füp„
lsp„. hpv$mp¡_u hÃQ¡ k|fS>v$pv$p lsp.

T ApNm A_¡ `pR>m\u hp„Q.

· _hu_ · dgd · dpdp
· sfs · S>lpS> · _hÆh_
· kfk · _e_ · dgepgd
· Mp V$pd¡V$p„ Mp. · gudX$u Npd¡ NpX$u dgu. · dp¡f\u fdp¡.
u
^ufS>_p„ am duW$p„. u

18
 bNuQp_u õL|$g
l¢? l¢? l¢? iy„ hps L$fp¡ R>p¡ ? bNuQp_u õL|$g ?
_p, _p, _p, cpC A¡hy„ _p lp¡e, li¡ sdpfu c|g !
Af¡ bNuQpdp„ Qpg¡ R>¡ A¡L$ dÅ_u õL|$g,
lmu-dmu_¡ fp¡S> cZ¡ R>¡ b^p f„N_p„ awg,
d¢ sp¡ dpfu Ap„M¡ Å¡ey„, _\u S> dpfu c|g.
l¢ ? l¢ ? l¢ ? iy„ hps L$fp¡ R>p¡ ? bNuQp_u õL|$g ?
sp¡ bp¡gp¡ L¡$ L¡$hp„ L¡$hp„ awgp¡ A¡dp„ cZsp„ ?
Ap s¡ L¡$hu õL|$g A_¡ Ap awgp¡ L¡$hy„ riMsp„ ?
L$p¡Z Aphs„y Aìhg _„bf? L$p¡_p X$p„qX$ep X|$g ?
l¢ ? l¢ ? l¢ ? iy„ hps L$fp¡ R>p¡ ? bNuQp_u õL|$g ?
Nygpb, Q„`p¡, NgNp¡V$p _¡ L$f¡Z fp¡S>¡ cZsp„,
kyN„^_¡ âkfphu_¡ A¡ riM¡ fp¡S> EOX$sp„,
b^p„ S> Aph¡ Aìhg _„bf, Ap sp¡ awg_u õL|$g,
lp, lp, lp, cpC kpQu R>¡ Ap bNuQp_u õL|$g,
lz„ S> sdpfu hps _ dpÞep¡, lsu A¡ dpfu c|g.
- rS>Nf Å¡ju

19
 õhpÝepe
â. 1. _uQ¡_p iåv$p¡ dpV¡$ L$pìedp„ h`fpe¡gp iåv$ L$p¦kdp„\u ip¡^u_¡ gM.
(Aìhg, bNuQp¡, awg, kyN„^, õL|$g, dÅ)
(1) bpN - (4) `l¡gp¡ -
(2) Myib| - (5) `yó` -
(3) dp¡S> - (6) ipmp -

â.2. L$pìedp„\u Å¡X$pnfhpmp iåv$p¡ gM. â.3. L$pìedp„\u awgp¡_p„ _pd gM.

â. 4. iy„ s¡ gM.
(1) ipmpdp„ awgp¡ iuM¡ R>¡ -
(2) ipmpdp„ Aìhg _„bf¡ Aph¡ R>¡ -
(3) b^p f„N_p„ awg cZ¡ R>¡ -
â. 5. Mpgu S>Áep `|f.
(1) Af¡ dp„ Qpg¡ R>¡ A¡L$ dÅ_u õL|$g.
(2) L$p¡Z Aphsy„ _„bf, L$p¡_p X$|g ?
(3) _¡ âkfphu_¡ A¡ iuM¡ fp¡S> EOX$sp„.

20
â. 6. _d|_p dyS>b iåv$ kpd¡ "L¡$hp¡', "L¡$hu', "L¡$hy„'dp„\u ep¡Áe iåv$ gM.
(1) L¡$hu õL|g (4) L¡$hy„ awg (7) L¡$hp¡ bNuQp¡
(2) lp\u (5) `s„rNey„ (8) Nygpb
(3) dp¡Nfp¡ (6) kkgy„ (9) d^dpMu
â. 7. _d|_p dyS>b Mpgu S>Áepdp„ Anf d|L$u _hp¡ iåv$ gM.(c, _, S>, f, M, N)
(1) c d¡ (3) d¡ (5) d¡
(2) d¡ (4) d¡ (6) d¡
â. 8. spfu ipmpdp„ sy„ iy„ iy„ cZ¡ R>¡ s¡ gM.

â. 9. s_¡ Ndsp awg rhi¡ b¡ hp¼e gM.

lz„ hp„Qy„... sy„ `Z hp„Q.

Ad¡ ipmpdp„ cZuA¡

lp„ f¡ Ad¡ ipmpdp„ cZuA¡,
lp„ f¡ Ad¡ _hu _hu hpsp¡ iuMuA¡.
Ad¡ k„Nus_p hN®dp„ S>CA¡,
Ad¡ _us _hp„ Nusp¡ NpCA¡.
21
Ad¡ Y$p¡gL$_p \p` `f _pQuA¡,
lp„ f¡ Ad¡ ipmpdp„ cZuA¡.
lp„ f¡ Ad¡ _hu _hu hpsp¡ iuMuA¡,
Ad¡ _p_L$X$p b„Ngp b_phuA¡.
Ad¡ dpV$u_p„ fdL$X$p„ b_phuA¡,
Ad¡ L$pNm_u lp¡X$u b_phuA¡.
lp„ f¡ Ad¡ ipmpdp„ cZuA¡,
lp„ f¡ Ad¡ _hu _hu hpsp¡ iuMuA¡.
Ad¡ bpNdp„ l]QL$p MpCA¡,
Ad¡ gkf`Ë$udp„ gkfuA¡,
Ad¡ QL$X$p¡mdp„ b¡ku afuA¡.
lp„ f¡ Ad¡ ipmpdp„ cZuA¡,
lp„ f¡ Ad¡ _hu _hu hpsp¡ iuMuA¡.

gp„by„ iy„ s¡ hp„Q.

rS>fpa_u X$p¡L$ gp„bu bNgp_u Qp„Q gp„bu
kkgp_p L$p_ gp„bp tkl_u L¡$ihpmu gp„bu
lp\u_u k|„Y$ gp„bu dp¡f_p„ `]R>p„ gp„bp„
Npe_u `|„R>X$u gp„bu lfZ_p `N gp„bp

u
awgp¡_u S>¡d lksp„ fluA¡. u

22
 rhfpdrQŒp¡
? âï_p\®rQŒ
* hp¼edp„ iy„, L$p¡Z, ¼ep„, L¡$hy„, L¡$V$gy„ hN¡f¡ iåv$p¡ Üpfp âï_p¡ `|R>hpdp„
Apìep lp¡e Ðepf¡ hp¼e_p A„s¡ âï_p\®rQŒ d|L$hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.
v$p.s. (1) Ap `yõsL$ L$p¡_y„ R>¡ ? (2) sdpfy„ _pd iy„ R>¡ ?

, Aë`rhfpdrQŒ
* A¡L$ S> âL$pf_p„ A_¡L$ _pd lp¡e Ðepf¡ _pd_u hÃQ¡ Aë`rhfpd
d|L$hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡.
v$p.s. (1) awgv$p_udp„ gpg, `ump„, Nygpbu, ka¡v$ awgp¡ R>¡.
(2) kpNf, ApL$pi, _d_ fd¡ R>¡.
* hp¼ep¡dp„ ep¡Áe rhfpdrQŒp¡ d|L$.
(1) sy„ ¼ep ^p¡fZdp„ cZ¡ R>¡
(2) d_¡ spfu `¡_ Ap`
(3) L„$`pkdp„ `¡[Þkg fbf awV$`Ë$u R>¡
(4) Ad¡ bÅfdp„\u kafS>_ L¡$mp„ v$pX$d MfuÛp„
(5) sd¡ ¼ep„ ÅAp¡ R>p¡
(6) sd¡ ¼ep„ flp¡ R>p¡
(7) Ad¡ OfL$pd L$fuA¡ R>uA¡
(8) Ad¡ ipmpdp„ NyS>fpsu NrZs A„N°¡Æ cZuA¡ R>uA¡
(9) Ðep„ L$p¡Z Ecy„ R>¡
(10) Ad¡ `|_p S>CA¡ R>uA¡
u
hNf rhQpey¯ S>¡ L$f¡, s¡ `pR>m\u `õspe. u

23
 ky„v$f Of
fÅ_p¡ qv$hk lsp¡. ky^p f¡Mp_u bl¡_`Zu
lsu. ApS>¡ ky^p s¡_¡ O¡f S>hp_u lsu.
khpf¡ _h hpN¡ ky^p f¡Mp_¡ O¡f `lp¢Qu
NC. f¡Mp sp¡ ky^p_u fpl Å¡C_¡ S> Ecu lsu.
f¡MpA¡ ky^p_¡ Ap_„v$\u L$üy„, ""Aph, ky^p
Aph. sy„ Aphu ! lz„ M|b fpÆ \C.''
Ofdp„ f¡Mp_p„ bp-bp`yÆ lsp„. ky^pA¡
s¡d_¡ h„v$_ L$ep¯. bp-bp`yÆ Myi \ep„.
f¡Mp A¡L$ _p_p Ofdp„ fl¡su lsu. s¡ M|b
Qp¡¿My„ ls„y. ApNgp Ap¡fX$pdp„ A¡L$ l]QL$p¡
lsp¡. s¡_p `f s¡Ap¡ b¡W$p„ A_¡ hpsp¡ L$fhp
gpÁep„. `Z ky^p_u Ap„Mp¡ cpf¡ QL$p¡f lsu.
s¡Z¡ sp¡ Ap¡fX$pdp„ b^y„ Å¡C gu^y„. awgv$p_udp„
ky„v$f awgp¡ lsp„. M|Zpdp„ fdL$X$p„_y„ _p_y„ L$bpV$
lsy„. s¡dp„ Sy>v$u Sy>v$u Ås_p„ fdL$X$p„ kfk fus¡
Np¡W$h¡gp„ lsp„. v$uhpg `f R>rbAp¡ A¡L$kfMu
lpfdp„ V$p„Nu lsu.
buÅ M|Zpdp„ L$pQ_p„ bpfZp„hpmy„ A¡L$
L$bpV$ lsy„. s¡dp„ `yõsL$p¡ kfk fus¡ Np¡W$h¡gp„
lsp„. A¡L$ Mp_pdp„ _p_p„ `yõsL$p¡ lsp„, buÅdp„
dp¡V$p„. hpsp®_u ky„v$f Qp¡`X$uAp¡ `Z lsu. ky^p
bp¡gu EW$u, ""L$bpV$dp„ L¡$hu dÅ_u Qp¡`X$uAp¡
R>¡!''

24
 bpA¡ f¡Mp_¡ fkp¡X$pdp„ bp¡gphu. f¡Mp
A„v$f NC. ky^p dpV¡$ Qp A_¡ _põsp¡ gC_¡
`pR>u Aphu. ky^pA¡ f¡Mp kpd¡ Å¡ey„. s¡Z¡
Å¡ey„ L¡$ L$`fL$pbu M|b Qp¡¿Mp„ lsp„.
ky^p f¡Mp_¡ L$l¡, ""spfy„ Of sp¡ kpQ¡ S>
Qp¡¿My„QV$ R>¡. d_¡ M|b Nçey„.''
f¡Mp lku_¡ bp¡gu, ""l„y v$ffp¡S> khpf¡
V¡$bg, Myfiu _¡ L$bpV$ kpa L$fy„ Ry>„. dpfu bp
`g„N `f Qpv$f `p\f¡. Qpv$fdp„ A¡L$ `Z
km lp¡e A¡ A¡d_¡ _ Nd¡. dpfp bp`yÆ
`yõsL$p¡ bfpbf Np¡W$h¡. Apd, Ad¡ b^p„ S>
A¡L$buÅ„_¡ dv$v$ L$fuA¡. `R>u sp¡ Of Qp¡¿My„
S> fl¡ _¡ ?''
`R>u ky^p O¡f NC. s¡Z¡ s¡_u bp_¡
f¡Mp_p Qp¡¿Mp Of_u hps L$fu. s¡ bp¡gu,
""bp, Ap`Z¡ `Z f¡Mp_p Of S>¡hy„ Ap`Ï„
Of Qp¡¿My„ fpMuiy„.''
ky^p_p„ bp-bp`yÆ fpÆ \ep„. A¡d_y„
Of `Z ky„v$f bÞey„.

õhpÝepe
â. 1. _uQ¡_p iåv$p¡ dpV¡$ `pW$dp„ h`fpe¡gp iåv$p¡ L$p¦kdp„\u ip¡^u_¡ gM.
(h„v$_, Ap¡fX$p¡, Qp¡¿My„, km)
(1) õhÃR> - (3) _d_ -
(2) L$fQgu - (4) L$n -
25
â. 2. _d|_p dyS>b L$p¡óV$L$dp„\u iåv$ ip¡^u_¡ gM.
(1) _p_y„ - dp¡Vy„$
l dp¡ Vy„$ rb
(2) D`f -
g _p My i
(3) cpf¡ -
(4) Myi - Ly„$ N„ _u V$
(5) Qp¡¿My„ - _„y vy„$ Q¡ d
â. 3. Of_¡ õhÃR> fpMhp L$p¡Z iy„ L$f¡ R>¡ s¡ gM.
(1) f¡Mp -
(2) bp -
(3) bp`yÆ -
â. 4. Mpgu S>Áep `|f.
(1) ky^p f¡Mp_u lsu.
(2) ky^p_u Ap„Mp¡ cpf¡ lsu.
(3) ky^p f¡Mp_¡ Of¡ hpN¡ `lp¢Qu.
(4) ApNgp Ap¡fX$pdp„ A¡L$ lsp¡.
â. 5. ¼ep„ s¡ gM.
(1) f¡Mp A_¡ ky^p b¡W$p„ -
(2) ky„v$f awgp¡ lsp„ -
(3) R>rbAp¡ V$p„Nu lsu -
(4) fdL$X$p„_y„ L$bpV$ lsy„ -
26
â. 6. _d|_p dyS>b gM.
(1) bp - bp`yÆ (4) dpdp -
(2) L$pL$p - (5) dpku -
(3) ap¡C - (6) cpC -
â. 7. _p¡, _u, _y„, _p dp„\u ep¡Áe iåv$ d|L$. v$p.s. f¡Mp_u bl¡_`Zu.
(1) L$pQ L$bpV$ (4) ky^p Ap„Mp¡
(2) hpsp® Qp¡`X$uAp¡ (5) f¡Mp Of
(3) f¡Mp bp-bp`yÆ (6) fÅ qv$hk.
â. 8. spfp Of rhi¡ b¡ \u ÓZ hp¼e gM.

â. 9. sy„ Of_¡ kpa fpMhp iy„ L$f¡ R>¡ s¡ gM.

lz„ hp„Qy„ ... sy„ `Z hp„Q.

õhÃR>sp\u N„v$L$u V$pmp¡. fp¡N L¡$fp„ kp¥ S>„sy_¡ V$pmp¡

Ofdp„ Aphsu dpMu V$pmp¡. budpfuAp¡ a¡gpsu V$pmp¡,
d¡g¡qfep_p dÃR>f V$pmp¡. N„v$L$u V$pmp¡, N„v$L$u V$pmp¡.
- bmh„s `fdpf
u
Äep„ N„v$hpX$ Ðep„ d„v$hpX$. u
27
 m
D`¾$d - 2 m

* L$p¡ óV$L$dp„\u hÞe A_¡ `pgsy âpZu_p„ _pd ip¡^ u ep¡Áe Mp_pdp„ gM.
(ApX$p, Ahmp, Ecp, Óp„kp)
hÞe âpZu rb Q hp Np e L$p b rS>
tk gp O K V$ c¢ L$ fp
l N X$u lp \u k fu a
`pgsy âpZu f ^¡ g b N¢ L|$ O¡ V$p„
Z X$p¡ Op¡ m X$p¡ a s `
L$p f] R> v$ `p hp„ v$ fp¡

* L$p¡Z ¼ep„ fl¡ s¡ Å¡.

(1) (5)

(2) (6)

(3) (7)

(4) (8)

u
kpfu fuscps A¡ kamsp_u Qphu R>¡. u
28
 bpf drl_p

L$pfsL$dp„ V$pY$ Aphu, dpNifdp„ Ådu,

`p¡j drl_¡ `s„N gC_¡, V$pY$_¡ cNpX$u.
dlp drl_¡ hk„s`„Qdu, EX¡$ f„N Nygpg,
apNZ drl_¡ lp¡mu Aphu, f„N Nygpbu, gpg.
Q¥Ó drl_p¡ Nfdu gpìep¡, h¡L¡$i_ h¥ipM,
S>¡W$ drl_¡ rNëgu v„$X$p, fdsp gpN¡ \pL$,
AjpY$ drl_¡ Ap„^u kp\¡, hpv$m hfk¡ TpTp„,
îphZ drl_¡ kfhf R>gL¡$, ipL$ cpÆ spÅ„.
cpv$fhpdp„ c]X$p_y„ ipL$, gp¡L$p¡ lp¢i¡ Mpe,
Apkp¡ drl_¡ qv$hpmu, aV$pL$X$p ap¡X$pe.

29
 õhpÝepe
â. 1. L$p¦kdp„\u kdp_ A\®hpmp iåv$p¡ ip¡^. (kfhf, drl_p¡, TpTp„, V$pY$)
(1) OZp„ - (3) kfp¡hf -
(2) W„$X$u - (4) dpk -
â. 2. L$pìedp„ Aph¡gp bpf drl_p_p„ _pd gM.
(1) (7)
(2) (8)
(3) (9)
(4) (10)
(5) (11)
(6) (12)
â. 3. gM.
L$pìedp„ Aph¡gp
(A) (b) L$pìedp„
sl¡hpf Aph¡gp
b¡ f„N

(L$) (X$) V$pY$

L$pìedp„ Aph¡gu hu c Åd
A p u
fds Np
X$u

30
â. 4. ep¡Áe Å¡X$L$p„ Å¡X$.
"A' S|>\ "b' S|>\
(1) S>¡W$ (A) kfp¡hf R>gL$pe
(2) îphZ (b) \pL$ gpN¡
(3) Q¥Ó (L$) hpv$m hfk¡
(4) cpv$fhp¡ (X$) Nfdu \pe
(5) AjpY$ (B) c]X$p_y„ ipL$ Mhpe
â. 5. _d|_p âdpZ¡ iåv$ b_ph. v$p.s. cNpX$hy„ - cNpX$u
(1) gNpX$hy„ - (3) S>NpX$hy„-
(2) fdpX$hy„ - (4) hNpX$hy„ -
â. 6. ApX$pAhmp Anfp¡ Np¡W$h.
(1) g Ny gp - (3) V$p a X$p L$ -
(2) i h¡ L¡$ _ - (4) hp qv$ mu -

â. 7. sy„ h¡L¡$i_dp„ iy„ L$fui s¡ gM.

â. 8. s_¡ Ndsu F>sy rhi¡ gM.

31
 lz„ hp„Qy„... sy„ `Z hp„Q.

hfk_u ApNNpX$u
A¡L$ hfk_u ApNNpX$u_¡ X$åbp Å¡X$ep bpf;
Qpf v|$r^ep, Qpf `ump _¡ hmu gpg Qpf,
kfk dÅ_u Np¡W$hu v$u^u X$åbpAp¡_u lpf,
`l¡gp Qpf_p„ _pd ky„v$f L$pfsL$, dpNif, `p¡j, dlp;
buÅ Qpf_p„ _pd ê$`pmp„ apNZ, Q¥Ó, h¥ipM, S>¡W$,
ÓuÅ Qpfdp„ AjpY$, îphZ, cpv$fhp¡ _¡ Apkp¡;
qv$hpmu_y„ R>¡ëgy„ õV¡$i_ Al] DÐkh R>¡ Mpkp¡.
v$f¡L$ X$åb¡ bÞ_¡ bpSy> dmsp„ `¥X$p„ Óuk;
af¡ bfpbf, _l] MV$pMV$, _l] A¢rS>__u Quk,
S>dZu bpSy> Å¡sp„ EX¡$ AS>hpmp_u R>p¡m;
X$pbu bpSy> v¡$Msp„ v$uWy„$ A„^pfy„ O_Op¡f.
kps bpfuAp¡ kps hpf_u hpfpafsu DOX¡$;
bpfu_p„ `Z _pd dTp_p„, epv$ klz_¡ dp¡Y¡$,
frh, kp¡d, d„Nm, by^, Nyfy, iy¾$, ir_ R>¡ hpf;
frhhpf_u bpfu DOX¡$, DS>hpsp¡ sl¡hpf.
ApNNpX$udp„ b¡ku Ap`Z¡ afsp„ klzA¡ Np¡m;
Ap Qp„v$ k|fS> a¡fh_pfp vy$r_ep_u QNX$p¡m.

u
V$u`¡ V$u`¡ kfp¡hf cfpe. u
32
 m
D`¾$d - 3 m

dpNif
L$ s

`p¡j
L$pf
Apk
p¡ riepmp¡ dlp

Qp¡d
cpv$fhp¡ ¡ apNZ
p_ mp

pk
D Q¥Ó
îphZ

„y

h¥i
pY$
S>¡W$
Aj

pM
T hp¼ep¡ hp„Q A_¡ gM.
(1) hj®_u ÓZ F>syAp¡ lp¡e R>¡. riepmp¡, D_pmp¡ A_¡ Qp¡dpky„.

(2) riepmpdp„ W„$Xu `X¡$.

(4) D_pmpdp„ sX$L$p¡ lp¡e A_¡ Nfdu gpN¡.

(5) Qp¡dpkpdp„ hfkpv$ `X¡$.

u
F>sy A_ykpf amp¡ MpCA¡. u

33
 S>¡ hõsy riepmpdp„ h`fpe s¡_u kpd¡ _u, D_pmpdp„ h`fpe s¡_u
T
kpd¡ _u A_¡ Qp¡dpkpdp„ h`fpe s¡_u kpd¡  _u r_ip_u L$f.

R>Óu Ndb|V$ A¡.ku.

lp\dp¡Å„ L$p_V$p¡`u sp`Ï„

L|$gf `„Mp¡ f¡_¹L$p¡V

õh¡V$f ApBk¾$ud Nfd ipg

u
F>sy âdpZ¡ hõÓp¡ `l¡fuA¡. u
34
 Qsyf riepm

A¡L$ S>„Ng lsy„. s¡dp„ OZp„ b^p„

`iy`nuAp¡ fl¡sp„ lsp„. b^p„ dp¡S> dõsu
A_¡ Ap_„v$dp„ fl¡sp„ lsp„. S>„Ng_p¡ fpÅ tkl
lsp¡. s¡ M|b Arcdp_u lsp¡. ApMp S>„Ngdp„
Arcdp_\u af¡ A_¡ b^p„ D`f hV$ `pXép L$f¡.
fpÅ, hpÅ„ _¡ hp„v$fp„, ÓZ¡ Np„X$p„ A¡ L$l¡hs_¡
Ap^pf¡ A¡L$ qv$hk tkl_¡ A¡L$ rhQpf Apìep¡.
A¡_¡ \ey„ lz„ ApV$gp„ b^p„ `iyAp¡_¡ dpfu MpJ
Ry>„ sp¡ dpfy„ dp¢ S>ê$f N„^psy„ li¡. `Z `p¡sp_p
dp¢_u N„^_u `p¡sp_¡ sp¡ Mbf `X¡$ S> _l] _¡ !
Ap\u A¡_¡ rhQpf Apìep¡ L¡$ L$p¡C_¡ `Z `|R>u_¡
Ap bpbs_u Mpsfu L$fu g¡hu Å¡CA¡.
A¡V$gpdp„ A¡_u kpd¡ A¡L$ lfZ Aphsy„
v¡$Mpey„. \p¡X$u hpfdp„ sp¡ lfZ A¡_u `pk¡ Aphu
Ney„. tkl¡ A¡_¡ Ecy„ fp¿ey„ A_¡ `|Réy„, "dpfy„
dp¢ N„^pe R>¡?' cp¡mp lfZ¡ sp¡ cp¡mpcph¡ S>¡
kÐe ls„y s¡ L$lu v$u^y„, "lp, N„^pe R>¡.' Ap\u
tkl sp¡ s¡_u D`f Nyõk¡ \C Nep¡ A_¡ tkl¡ s¡_¡
apX$u Mp^„y _¡ ApNm Qpghp dp„X$ép¡. fõspdp„
kkg„y dþey„. kkgpA¡ fõspdp„ lfZ_¡ df¡gy„
`X¡$gy„ Å¡e„y lsy„. tkl¡ kkgp_¡ khpg L$ep£ L¡$,
"dpfy„ dp¡Yy„$ N„^pe R>¡?' kkgpA¡ sp¡ lfZ_u
hg¡ \e¡gu s¡ ÅZsp¡ lp¡C _\u N„^psy„ A¡d
L$üy„ _¡ EgV$p_y„ M|b kfk kyN„^ Aphsu

35
 lp¡hp_y„ L$üy„. Ap kp„cmu tkl¡ sp¡ Nyõkpdp„
L$üy„, "L¡$d S|>Wy„$ bp¡g¡ R>¡?' A¡d L$lu s¡_¡
dpfhp Nep¡ `Z QpgpL$ kkg„y cpNu Ne„y
A_¡ bQu Ney„.
lh¡ kpd¡\u A¡L$ riepm Apìey„.
riepm_¡ lfZ A_¡ kkgp_u hps_u
Mbf lsu. tkl¡ sp¡ riepm_¡ `Z `¡gp¡ S>
khpg `|Rép¡. riepm¡ rhQpe¯y kpQy„ L$lui
sp¡ `Z dfhp_y„ R>¡ A_¡ S|>Wy„$ bp¡gui sp¡
`Z dfhp_y„ R>¡. sp¡ lh¡ L$fhy„ iy„ ! s¡Z¡
sp¡ hQgp¡ fõsp¡ ip¡^u L$pY$ép¡. _¡ tkl_¡
S>hpb Apàep¡, "fpÅÆ, d_¡ sp¡ M|b
ifv$u \C R>¡. Ap\u L$p¡C N„^ Aphsu S>
_\u. A¡V$g¡ sdpfy„ dp¢ N„^pe R>¡ L¡$ _l]
s¡_u d_¡ kdS> `X$su _\u.' L$lu_¡ S>s„y
füy„. tkl `Z riepm_u kyqaepZu hps
kp„cmu_¡ X$p¡gsp¡ S>sp¡ füp¡.
- L$p¡qL$gp v¡$kpC

36
 õhpÝepe
â. 1. _uQ¡_p iåv$p¡ dpV¡$ `pW$dp„ h`fpe¡gp iåv$p¡ L$p¦kdp„\u ip¡^u_¡ gM.
(QpgpL$, N„^, S>„Ng, `iy, S|>W„y$, fõsp¡)
(1) hpk - (4) Mp¡Vy„$ -
(2) âpZu - (5) h_ -
(3) `\ - (6) Qsyf -

â. 2. _uQ¡_u ApL©$rsdp„\u Sy>v$p¡ `X$sp¡ iåv$ R>¡L$u _pM.

(1) dpsp (2)

dp S> QfZ
ku dp _ `N
_u
S>_¡sp `pv$ `pvy$L$p

(3) (4) ldZp„

[ ¼s s
Å¡d

i `
tlds R>u lpg f
X $f s
spL

_ u
AÐepf¡
$ps

â. 3. L¡$hp„ lsp„ s¡ gM.

(1) tkl -
(2) lfZ -
(3) kkg„y -

37
â. 4. gM.
(1) S>„Ngdp„ b^p„ `iy-`„Mu fl¡sp„ lsp„ -
(2) tkl b^p„ `f `pX$sp¡ -
(3) tkl¡ lfZ_¡ `|Réy„ -
â. 5. ApL©$rsdp„ S>hpb gM.
(1)
`pW$dp„ Np„X$p„ (2)
L$üp„ R>¡
`pW$dp„
Aphsp„
âpZu

â. 5. _d|_p dyS>b L$p¦kdp„\u ep¡Áe iåv$ d|L$. (A¡_u, A¡_y„, A¡_p¡, A¡_p)
(1) A¡_y„ - dp¢ (4) - AhpS>
(2) - `N (5) - Of
(3) - hps (6) - ê$dpg
â. 6. iåv$ ky^pfu_¡ gM.
(1) iuepm - (3) kkg|„ -
(2) k]l $ - (4) ifqv$ -
â. 7. s_¡ lfZ, kkgy„, riepmdp„\u L$p¡_y„ hs®_ ep¡Áe gpÁe„y s¡ gM.

38
â. 8. `p¡sp_u QsyfpC dpV¡$ ÅZusp lp¡e s¡hp buÅ L$p¡C rhi¡ Mbf lp¡e sp¡ gM.

lz„ hp„Qy„... sy„ `Z hp„Q.

L$uX$u A_¡ suX$

D_pmp_p qv$hkp¡ lsp. s¡ kde¡
A¡L$ L$uX$u riepmpdp„ c¡Np L$f¡gp v$pZp
k|L$hhp dpV¡$ blpf L$pY$su lsu. s¡
kde¡ c|M\u AL$mpsy„ A¡L$ suX$ Ðep„
Apìey„. s¡ L$uX$u_¡ L$fNfu_¡ L$l¡hp gpÁey„,
"L$uX$ubpC, lz„ b¡ qv$hk\u c|¿ey„ Ry>„. d_¡
Apdp„\u \p¡X$p v$pZp Ap`ui ? lz„ c|M¡
dfsy„ bQu S>Ci. spfy„ cgy„ \i¡ ?'
L$uX$uA¡ L$ü„y, ""ApMp riepmpdp„
s¢ iy„ L$pd L$e¯y ?''
suX¡$ S>hpb Apàep¡, ""L$uX$ubpC,
riepmp¡ ApMp¡ d¢ Nphpdp„ L$pY$ép¡.''
Ap kp„cmu L$uX$u v$fdp„ S>sp„ S>sp„
L$l¡su NC, ""sd¡ riepmp¡ Nphpdp„
L$pYép¡ sp¡ D_pmp¡ _pQhpdp„ L$pY$p¡.
ÅAp¡, NpAp¡, _pQp¡ A_¡ c|M¡ dfp¡.''

u
Qsyf b_uA¡. u

39
 m
D`¾$d - 4m

* qv$ip
k|e® fp¡S> khpf¡ `|h® qv$ipdp„
EN¡ R>¡. `|h® qv$ip sfa dp¢ fpMp¡. sp¡
S>dZp lp\¡ v$rnZ qv$ip A_¡ X$pbp
lp\¡ DÑf qv$ip A_¡ `uW$ `pR>m
`ròd qv$ip L$l¡hpe. `|h® ÅZp¡
A¡V$g¡ b^u qv$ip_u Mbf `X¡$.
* Ap`¡gp„ rQÓp¡dp„\u kÆh_u _uQ¡_p Qp¡fkdp„ k A_¡ r_Æ®h_u _uQ¡_p
Qp¡fkdp„ r_ gM.

u
kdÆ-rhQpfu_¡ bp¡guA¡. u

40
 M
hp„Q_ Ly$qV$f - 1 M

L$p¸çàe|V$f
L$p¸çàe|V$f_u L$dpg L¡$hu, vy$r_ep Ofdp„ gph¡ !
`|„R>qX$epmp¡ Jv$f A¡_p¡, ¼ep„ ¼ep„ kl¡g L$fph¡ !
NrZs op_-rhop_ ANp¡Qf k¡V¡$gpCV$ Qgph¡,
OX$uL$cfdp„ k„v¡$ipAp¡ `lp¢QpX¡$, gC Aph¡.
hpl_ hl¡hpf A_¡ DÛp¡Np¡ i¸f bÅf D\gph¡,
iy„ iy„, ¼ep„ ¼ep„, L¡$hu fus¡ kOmy„ op_ `Qph¡.
W$põep„ L$fp¡ dprlsu kOmu c¡Sy>„ lpX$ kdph¡,
rhNshpf dprlsu dpNp¡ õ¾$u_ D`f v$ip®h¡...

hp„Q.
hp hpe Npe_y„ hpR>fXy„$
`h_ aw„L$pe suMy„ suMy„ dfQy„ c¢k_y„ `pXy„$
hpv$mp„ NpS>¡ Mpfy„ Mpfy„ duWy„$ bL$fu_y„ ghpfy„
huS>mu Tb|L¡$ MpVy„$ MpVy„$ g]by„ L|$sfu_y„ Ng|qX$ey„
hfkpv$ hfk¡ L$X$hy„ L$X$hy„ L$pf¡gy„ N^¡X$u_y„ Mp¡gLy„$
_v$u hl¡ s|fy„ s|fy„ Apdmy„ KV$_y„ bp¡sXy„$
v$qfep¡ O|Oh¡ duWy„$ duWy„$ NygpbÅ„by lp\u_y„ dv$r_ey„

Qpgp¡ lkuA¡.
gu_p : dçdu, d_¡ Mphp dpV¡$ QdQu Ap`p¡.
dçdu : b¡V$p, lp\\u S>d, cNhp_¡ lp\ ip dpV¡$ Apàep R>¡ ?
gu_p : QdQu `L$X$hp dpV¡$.
u
âpZudpÓ `f â¡d fpMuA¡. u

41
 X$p¸. Aåvy$g L$gpd_p iåv$p¡dp„,
""Äepf¡ lz„ bpmL$ lsp¡, dpfu dpsp Adpfp dpV¡$ fp„Osu.
A¡L$ fpÓ¡ ApMp¡ qv$hk blz kMs L$pd L$fu_¡ Apìep `R>u
s¡dZ¡ S>dhp_y„ b_pìe„y. A¡L$ \pmudp„ ipL$ A_¡ blz S> v$pTu
Ne¡gu fp¡V$gu dpfp r`sp kpd¡ d|L$u.
lz„ fpl Å¡C füp¡ lsp¡ L¡$ L$p¡CA¡ v$pTu Ne¡gu fp¡V$gu Å¡C L¡$
_rl, `f„sy dpfp r`spA¡ Q|`Qp` s¡ fp¡V$gu MpC gu^u A_¡ d_¡
õL|$gdp„ dpfp¡ qv$hk L¡$hp¡ Nep¡ A¡ `|R>hp gpÁep.
d_¡ A¡ sp¡ epv$ _\u L¡$ d¢ s¡ fps¡ A¡d_¡ iy„ L$üy„, `f„sy A¡ S>ê$f
epv$ R>¡ L¡$ d¢ dpfu dpsp_¡ v$pTu Ne¡gu fp¡V$gu dpV¡$ dpau dp„Nsp„
kp„cm¡gp„ A_¡ d_¡ A¡ ¼epf¡e _rl c|gpe L¡$ s¡ qv$hk¡ dpfp r`spA¡
L$l¡gy„, ""d_¡ v$pTu Ne¡gu fp¡V$gu blz S> cph¡ R>¡.''
dp¡X$u fpÓ¡ d¢ dpfp r`sp_¡ `|Réy„ L¡$, ""Mf¡Mf sd_¡ v$pTu Ne¡gu
fp¡V$gu cph¡ R>¡ ?'' s¡dZ¡ d_¡ A¡d_u Np¡v$dp„ gu^p¡ A_¡ L$üy„,
""spfu dçduA¡ ApS>¡ ApMp¡ qv$hk blz kMs `qfîd L$ep¡®
R>¡ A_¡ A¡ M|b S> \pL$u Ne¡gu lsu. A_¡ lp, v$pTu Ne¡gu fp¡V$gu
L$p¡C qv$hk _yL$kp_ _\u L$fsu `f„sy L$W$p¡f iåv$p¡ S>ê$f _yL$kp_ L$f¡
R>¡...
sy„ ÅZ¡ R>¡ v$uL$fp L¡$ tS>v$Nu A`|Z® hõsyAp¡ A_¡ gp¡L$p¡\u
cf¡gu R>¡. b^u hõsyAp¡ ¼epf¡e k„`|Z® _\u lp¡C iL$su.
lz„ k„`|Z® L¡$ î¡óW$$ _\u `f„sy blz dyíL¡$gu\u L$p¡CL$ hpsdp„ a¼s
kpfp¡ Ry>„.''
u
l„d¡ip duW$u hpZu bp¡guA¡. u
42
 Ap`Zp„ fpóV²$ue âsuL$p¡
fpóV²$ue âpZu : hpO fpóV²$ue `nu : dp¡f fpóV²$ue a|g : L$dm

fpóV²$ue rQŒ : Aip¡L$ õs„c fpóV²$ue ÝhS> : rÓf„Np¡ fpóV²$ue fds : lpµL$u

L|$QNus
g¡ãV$ fpCV$ g¡ãV$ fpCV$, cpfs dpfp¡ v¡$i R>¡,
ApNm h^p¡ L$fhp apCV$. N„Np A¡_p¡ M¡k R>¡.
vy$íd__¡ bk W$pf L$fp¡, v¡$i_u fnp dpfu fnp,
D`fpD`fu hpf L$fp¡. dpfu fnp v¡$i_u fnp.
Ecu `|„R>X$uA¡ _pku S>i¡, A¡_¡ L$pS>¡ v$Ciy„ âpZ,
Å¡ Å¡ A¡_u lp„ku \i¡. A¡_¡ L$pS>¡ klz Ly$fbp_.
X$f_p dpep® Aphi¡ _l], dp¡V$p¡ \C S>hp_ \Ci,
Al]ep„ L$p¡CA¡ aphi¡ _l]. cpfs_p¡ lz„ âpZ \Ci.
Al]ep sp¡ R>¡ huf S>hp_, g¡ãV$ fpCV$ g¡ãV$ fpCV$,
A¡_u L$urs® R>¡ dlp_. g¡ãV$ fpCV$ g¡ãV$ fpCV$.
u
S>e tlv$ u
43
 îhZ

A¡L$ bpm _p_p¡,

_pd A¡_y„ îhZ.
dpsp-r`sp A„^,
`yÓ L$f¡ fnZ.
dpsp-r`sp_¡ \pe,
ÅÓp L$fhp S>CA¡.
îhZ_¡ L$fu hps,
L$phX$ b_phu gCA¡.
îhZ¡ KQL$u L$phX$,
Qpf¡ ^pd aep¯.
r`sp_u Apop `pmu,
dpbp`_p„ l¥ep„ Wép¯.
L¡$hp¡ X$püp¡ v$uL$fp¡ !
klz L$f¡ kÞdp_.
c[¼s Å¡C îhZ_u,
Myi \ep cNhp_.
- ^_kyMgpg `pf¡M

44
 õhpÝepe
â. 1. L$p¦kdp„\u ep¡Áe Å¡X$pnf gC A\®`|Z® iåv$ b_ph.
(Óp, üp¡, î, ep¯, Þdp, [¼s)
(1) hZ (3) Å (5) k _
(2) X$p (4) a (6) c
â. 2. iåv$ ky^pfu_¡ gM.
(1) k_dp_ - (3) ifhZ -
(2) fL$iZ$ - (4) cL$rs -
â. 3. rhL$ë` `k„v$ L$fu_¡ Mpgu S>Áep `|f.
(1) dpsp-r`sp_¡ L$fhp S>hp_y„ d_ \ey„.
(A) ÅÓp (b) kl¡g (L$) DÅZu
(2) îhZ_u c[¼s Å¡C Myi \ep.
(A) cNhp_ (b) dpsp-r`sp (L$) gp¡L$p¡
(3) îhZ¡ Apop `pmu.
(A) dpsp-r`sp_u (b) cNhp__u (L$) r`sp_u
(4) klzA¡ îhZ_y„ L$e¯y.
(A) dp_ (b) kÞdp_ (L$) blzdp_
â. 4. gM.
(1) L$pìedp„ S>¡ bpmL$_u hps L$fu R>¡ s¡_y„ _pd -
(2) bpmL$_p„ dpsp-r`sp lsp„ -

45
 (3) dpsp-r`sp_¡ ÅÓp L$fhp îhZ¡ b_phu -
(4) îhZ L$phX$ KQL$u aep®¡ -
â. 5. _d|_p âdpZ¡ L$pìedp„\u iåv$ ip¡^. v$p.s. ApopL$pfu - v$uL$fp¡.
(1) - bpm (3) - v$uL$fp¡
(2) - dpsp-r`sp (4) - ^pd
â. 6. L$pìedp„\u _d|_p âdpZ¡ iåv$ ip¡^. v$p.s. îhZ - fnZ
(1) S>CA¡ - (2) aep® -
â. 7. sy„ spfp„ dpsp-r`sp_u L$C L$C Apop dp_¡ R>¡ s¡ gM.

â. 8. sy„ îhZ_u S>ÁepA¡ lp¡ sp¡ sy„ iy„ L$f¡ s¡ gM.

* îhZ_u S>¡d sy„ L$p¡_¡ epÓp L$fhp gC S>Ci s¡_p ap¡V$p Qp¢V$pX$.

u
dpsp-r`sp `fd D`L$pfu R>¡. u

46
 m
D`¾$d - 5 m

hpl c¥ hpl...
v|$^dp„\u v$l] \pe, hpl c¥ hpl !
v$l]dp„\u R>pi \pe, hpl c¥ hpl !
R>pidp„\u dpMZ \pe, hpl c¥ hpl !
dpMZdp„\u Ou \pe, hpl c¥ hpl !
Oudp„\u gpXy$ \pe, hpl c¥ hpl !
gpXy$ sp¡ gQ`Qsp \pe, hpl c¥ hpl !
gpXy$ b¡_u Mpsu Åe, hpl c¥ hpl !
cCgp¡ gpXy$ NZsp¡ Åe, hpl c¥ hpl !
dçdu `à`p Myi Myi \pe, hpl c¥ hpl !
v$pv$p v$pv$u M|b lfMpe, hpl c¥ hpl !
- d^yL$pÞs Å¡iu

hp„Q.
OJ v$mpe v|$^ d¡mhpe
gp¡V$ \pe v$l] \pe
gp¡V$ b„^pe v$l] hgp¡hpe
L$ZL$ \pe dpMZ \pe
g|Ap hZpe dpMZ shpe
fp¡V$gu \pe Ou \pe

u
v$l]-R>pi Mpe, spń dpń \pe.
u

47
 L$p¡C S> _hfy„ _\u
Np¡`pm fp¡S> Npep¡ Qfphhp Åe. A¡L$ hpf s¡_¡
fMX$hp_y„ d_ \ey„. L$p¡C cpCb„^_u ip¡^dp„ s¡ _uL$mu
`Xép¡. A¡hpdp„ A¡L$ rMkL$p¡gu_¡ s¡Z¡ v$p¡X$u S>su Å¡C.
Np¡`pm : rMkL$p¡gubl¡_, Ecp„ sp¡ flp¡ !
¼ep„ ÅAp¡ R>p¡ ?
rMkL$p¡gu : cpC, dpfy„ Mphp_y„ ip¡^y„ Ry>„. v$p¡Xy„$
_rl sp¡ c|M¡ S> dfy„ _¡ !
Np¡`pm : Af¡, Ap sp¡ `|„R>X$u `V$`V$phsu
v$p¡X$u NC ! gph Ap QL$gu_¡ fp¡Ly„$.
Af¡ QL$gubpC, Ecp„ sp¡ flp¡,
Ap`Z¡ S>fp fduA¡.
QL$gu : dpf¡ sp¡ dpmp¡ bp„^hp¡ R>¡. d_¡ S>hp
v$p.¡
Np¡`pm : Ap QL$gu `Z EX$u NC ! gph,
`¡gu d^dpMu_¡ `|Ry>„. d^dpMu sy„
dpfu kp\¡ fdui ?
d^dpMu : dpf¡ sp¡ cpC, d^ c¡Ny„ L$fhy„ R>¡.
Np¡`pm : iy„ L$p¡C S> _hfy„ _\u ! gph, Ap
_v$u_¡ S>fp Ecu fpMy„. rbQpfu
v$p¡X$u v$p¡X$u_¡ \pL$u NC li¡? _v$u,
Ap¡ _v$u, S>fp Ecu sp¡ fl¡ !
_v$u : _p f¡, cpC ! dpf¡ sp¡ v|$f v$qfep
`pk¡ S>hy„ R>¡. d_¡ S>hp v$p¡.

48
 (KQ¡ k|fS>v$pv$p lksp lsp.)
Np¡`pm : v$pv$p, L¡$d lkp¡ R>p¡ ? sd¡ sp¡ dpfu
kp\¡ fdp¡ !
k|fS> : _p f¡, cpC ! `R>u khpf, b`p¡f
_¡ kp„S> iu fus¡ \i¡ ?
Np¡`pm : Af¡ ! k|fS>v$pv$p `Z Qpëep !
L$p¡C S> _L$pdy„ fMX$sy„ _\u. Qpg,
lz„ `Z Npep¡ Qfphhp ÅJ.
- i„cyâkpv$ cË$

õhpÝepe
â. 1. L$p¦kdp„\u kdp_ A\®hpmp iåv$p¡ ip¡^. (cpCb„^, khpf, _v$u, _hfy„)
(1) kqfsp - (3) rdÓ -
(2) L$pd hNf_y„ - (4) âcps -
â. 2. iåv$ ky^pfu_¡ gM. v$p.s. `yR>X$u - `|„R>X$u
(1) MukL$p¡rg - (3) _qv$ -
(2) v$fuep¡ - (4) kyfS>-
â. 3. L$p¡Z Ll¡ R>¡ s¡ gM.
(1) "Mphp_y„ ip¡^y„ _l]' sp¡ c|M¡ S> dfy„ _¡ ! ' -
(2) "Af¡ QL$gubpC, Ecp„ sp¡ flp¡.' -
(3) "dpf¡ sp¡ v$qfep `pk¡ S>hy„ R>¡ !' -
(4) "`R>u khpf, b`p¡f, kp„S> iu fus¡ \i¡?' -
49
â. 4. L$p¡Z iy„ L$f¡ s¡ ip¡^u_¡ gM.
"A' S|>\ "b' S|>\
(1) Np¡`pm (A) d^ c¡Ny„ L$f¡
(2) rMkL$p¡gu (b) dpmp¡ bp„^¡
(3) QL$gu (L$) v$qfep_¡ dmhp Åe
(4) d^dpMu (X$) Npep¡ Qfph¡
(5) _v$u (B) Mphp_y„ ip¡^¡
â. 5. _d|_p âdpZ¡ iåv$ b_ph. v$p.s. Qfhy„ - Qfphh„y
(1) gMhy„ - (3) lkhy„ -
(2) v$p¡X$hy„ - (4) EX$hy„ -
â. 6. _d|_p âdpZ¡ gM. v$p.s. tkl - tklZ
(1) Op¡X$p¡ - (3) rbgpX$u-
(2) dp¡f - (4) hpO -
â. 7. Ap `pW$dp„\u s_¡ iy„ iuMhp dþey„ s¡ gM.

â. 8. sy„ qv$hk v$fçep_ iy„ iy„ L$f¡ R>¡ s¡ gM.

50
 lz„ hp„Qy„... sy„ `Z hp„Q.

L$fp¡rmep_u Åm
L$fsp Åm L$fp¡rmep¡, cp¢e `X$u `R>X$pe
hZ s|V¡$g¡ sp„sZ¡, D`f QX$hp Åe.
d¡'_s s¡Z¡ iê$ L$fu, D`f QX$hp dpV$,
`Z `pR>p¡ l¡W$p¡ `X$ép¡, apìep¡ _rl L$p¡ OpV$.
A¡ fus¡ d„X$u füp¡, afu afu b¡ -ÓZ hpf
`Z s¡dp„ _rl aphsp, afu \ep¡ s¥epf.
tlds fpMu lp¢i\u, cuXép¡ R>Ì$u hpf,
^ufS>\u Åm¡ S>C, `p¢'Ãep¡ s¡ r_^p®f.
afu afu_¡ M„s\u, eÐ_ L$ep£ _rl lp¡s
QNv$pC `N sm¡, dfu Ås hZdp¡s.
A¡ fus¡ Å¡ dpZkp¡, fpMu d_dp„ M„s,
Apmk sÆ, d¡'_s L$f¡ `pd¡ gpc A_„s.
- v$g`sfpd

AhpS> Ap¡mMu dpfy„ _pd gM.

X²$p„J X²$p„J lp¢Qu lp¢Qu
V¡$lw„L$ V¡$lw„L$ L|$L$X¡$ L|$L$
lpD lpD lw` lw`
Q]... Q]... A„cp„ A„cp„
çepJ çepJ L$p... L$p...
u
kde A¡ kp¡_y R>¡. s¡_p¡ kvy$`ep¡N L$fuA¡.u
51
 m
D`¾$d - 6 m

_pd
Ap`Zu ApSy>bpSy> v¡$Mpsu v$f¡L$ hõsy, kÆh, r_Æ®h, TpX$, `iy, `nu,
fpQfQugy„ b^p„_¡ S> _pd lp¡e R>¡.
T _uQ¡ L¡$V$gp„L$ _pd c¡Np„ \C Nep„ R>¡ s¡_y„ ep¡Áe fus¡ hN}L$fZ L$fp¡.
OJ, i]N, dN, Qp¡Mp, sg, QZp, bpS>fp¡, Qp¡mp.
A_pS>
s¡gurbep„
L$W$p¡m
T `l¡gp¡ Anf L$pY$u _hp¡ iåv$ b_phu, s¡_p¡ A\® gM.
(1) Ly„$cpf - dpV$u_p hpkZ b_ph_pf cpf-hS>_
(2) k|fS> -
(3) gylpf -
(4) ky„v$f -
(5) vy$L$p_ -
T Sy>v$p `X$sp iåv$ `f Np¡m L$f.
v|$^u, s|qfep„, `p¡`V$, f]NZp„
S>dê$M, Npe, L¡$fu, v$pX$d
Nygpb, dp¡Nfp¡, Q„`p¡, Qp„v$p¡

u
bQs L$fuA¡ sp¡ k„L$V$ kde¡ L$pd Aph¡. u

52
 sl¡hpfp¡_u sL$fpf

A¡L$ kd¡ sl¡hpfp¡ kOmp, kp\¡ Aphu drmep,

""lz„ Ry>„ kp¥\u dp¡V$p¡'' L$l¡sp, dp„lp¡dp„l¡ gqX$ep.
_hy„ hfk L$l¡, ""sl¡hpfp¡dp„ kp¥\u ApNm Qpgy„,
"kpg dybpfL$', Arc_„v$_p¡ Tugsy„ lz„ sp¡ çlpgy„,''
cpCbuS> Ðep„ bp¡gu A¡hy„, ""dyS> drldp R>¡ dp¡V$p¡,
cpCbl¡__p„ l¡s h^pfy„, _rl S>Nsdp„ Å¡V$p¡.''
""EX¡$ `s„Np¡ f„Nf„N_p,'' bp¡gu Ðep„ DsfpZ,
""`¡Q gX$psp Y$ug-M¢Q_p, f¡g¡ fk_u ëlpZ.''
lp¡mu bp¡gu, ""gpX$L$hpeu, lz„ Ry>„ kp¥_u L¡$hu ?
f„N-Nygpg¡ f„Nu, _pQu, dÅ A_¡fu g¡hu.''
bm¡h L$l¡su, ""bl¡_-b°pûZp¡ dyS> drldp r`R>pZ¡
â¡dcep¯ fnpb„^_\u, Ap_„v$ Dfdp„ ApZ¡.''
Ðep„ sp¡ bp¡gu S>Þd-AóV$du, ""L©$óZS>Þd lz„ v¡$su,
d¡mp, DÐkh d„qv$f dp„l¡, Myi L$fu lz„ fl¡su.''
_hfpÓu Ðep„ bp¡gu A¡hy„, ""bl¡_p¡_¡ lz„ hlpgu,
Nfbp L¡$fu _h _h fpsp¡, fdTV$ fl¡su Qpgu.''

53
 L$l¡ qv$hpmu, ""c|gp¡ d_¡ L$p„ ? cg¡ `h®dp„ R>¡ëgu,
v$pê$Mp_y„, v$u`, duW$pC \L$u flz„ fk f¡gu.''
gX$sp kh£ Cðf `pk¡, L$l¡sp„ Å¡X$u lp\,
""kp¥\u dp¡Vy„$ L$p¡Z, Adp¡_¡ L$lp¡ S>Ns_p _p\ ?''
hv¡$ âcy Ðep„, ""kfMp„ kh£, _rl L$p¡ dp¡Vy„$-_p_y„,
Ah_u_p¡ Ap_„v$ h^pfp¡, gX$hp_y„ Ðep„ ip_y„ ?''
- _fp¡Ñd hpm„v$

õhpÝepe
â. 1. _uQ¡_p iåv$p¡ dpV¡$ L$pìedp„ h`fpe¡gp iåv$p¡ L$p¦kdp„\u ip¡^u_¡ gM.
(Ah_u, Å¡V$p¡, l¡s, kfMp„, v$pê$Mp_y„, v$u`)

(1) v$uhp¡ - (4) Å¡X$ -

(2) kdp_ - (5) õ_¡l -
(3) aV$pL$X$p - (6) `©Õhu -
â. 2. L$pìedp„\u ip¡^u_¡ gM.
(1) L©$óZ S>Þd_p¡ sl¡hpf -
(2) _h fpsp¡ Nfbp fdhp_y„ `h® -
(3) sl¡hpfp¡dp„ kp¥\u ApNm -
(4) `h®dp„ kp¥\u R>¡ëg¡ Aph¡ -

54
â. 3. L$p¦kdp„\u rhfp¡^u A\®hpmp iåv$ ip¡^. (`pR>m, dp¡Vy„$, R>¡ëgu, _pMyi)
(1) _p_y„ - (3) Myi -
(2) ApNm - (4) `l¡gu -
â. 4. ep¡Áe Å¡X$L$p„ Å¡X$.
"A' S|>\ "b' S|>\
(1) `s„N (A) S>ÞdpóV$du
(2) aV$pL$X$p (Ap) lp¡mu
(3) f„N-Nygpg (B) qv$hpmu
(4) d¡mp¡ (C) DsfpZ
â. 5. L$pìedp„\u _d|_p dyS>b_p iåv$ ip¡^u gM. v$p.s. lp\ - _p\
(1) dp¡V$p¡ - (2) _p_y„ -
(3) v¡$su - (4) hlpgu -
(5) Qpgy„ - (6) r`R>pZ¡ -
â. 6. Ap`¡gp iåv$p¡_¡ hZp®_y¾$d âdpZ¡ Np¡W$h.
`s„N, fdTV$, duW$pC, sl¡hpf

â. 7. s_¡ Ndsp sl¡hpf rhi¡ b¡ \u ÓZ hp¼e gM.

55
â. 8. sl¡hpfp¡_u sL$fpf `f\u iy„ iuMhp dþey„ s¡ gM.

lz„ hp„Qy„... sy„ `Z hp„Q.

fds_y„ Nus
L$p¡C Nus fds_y„ NpAp¡,
k„spL|$L$X$u, `L$X$p`L$X$u,
Mp¡ Mp¡_y„ k„cmphp¡.
Ap„bgu `u`mu, Qp¡f-`p¡guk _¡
kp` kuX$u fdiy„;
v|$fv$i®_dp„ fdsp¡ Å¡C_¡,
L$çàeyV$f\u fdiy„.
kp¥_¡ Npsp„ dTp `X¡$ A¡hy„ L„$C NhX$php¡,
L$p¡C Nus fds_y„ NpAp¡.
Y$]Ngp Y$]Ngu, cdfX$p„ _¡
gMp¡V$uAp¡ sp¡ fdhu S>,
bp¸gb¸V$ _¡ hp¸gubp¸g,
V¡$r_k_u hpsp¡ L$fhu.
kps W$uL$fu, A„sL$X$u L¡$ rNëguv„$X$p gphp¡,
L$p¡C Nus fds_y„ NpAp¡.
u
sy„ _p_p¡ lz„ dp¡V$p¡, A¡ ¿epg S>Ns_p¡ Mp¡V$p¡. u
56
 m
D`¾$d - 7 m

bpmL$p¡, gMhp dpV¡$ sd¡ `¡[Þkg hp`fp¡ R>p¡. s¡_u AZu hpf„hpf L$pY$p¡ R>p¡. Mfy„
_¡? sp¡ lh¡ `R>u AZu L$pY$u_¡ s¡_p R>p¡g a¢L$u _ v¡$sp, s¡_p¡ ky„v$f D`ep¡N L¡$hu
fus¡ \pe, s¡ Al] bspìey„ R>¡. sd¡ `Z Ap fus¡ AÞe L$p¡C L$gpL©$rs b_phÅ¡.

· _p¡V$_y„ A¡L$ _L$pdy„ `|Wy„$ gu^y„.

· `|W$p D`f ka¡v$ L$pNm
QuV$L$pìep¡.
· L$pNm D`f Ap`¡gp _d|_p
S>¡hp¡ ApL$pf v$p¡ep£.
· c¡Nu L$f¡gu R>p¡gdp„\u ep¡Áe
ApL$pf_u R>p¡g `k„v$ L$fu
ApL$pfdp„ QuV$L$phu.
· Ap`¡gp _d|_p âdpZ¡ ky„v$f
L©$rs s¥epf \C.

u
s__¡ s„vy$fõs fpMp¡. u

57
 TpX$ bQu Ney„ !

dlpfpÅ cNhstklÆ Np¢X$g_u

Npv$u `f lsp. A¡L$ hpf Np¢X$g fpÄe_p
BS>_¡f A¡L$ TpX$ L$p`hp_u `fhp_Nu g¡hp
dlpfpÅ `pk¡ Apìep.
dlpfpÅA¡ `|Réy„, ""Ap TpX$ ip dpV¡$
L$p`u _pMhp dpNp¡ R>p¡ ?''
BS>_¡f¡ L$üy„, ""dlpfpS>, Ap`Z¡ S>¡
_hy„ dL$p_ bp„^hp dpNuA¡ R>uA¡ A¡dp„
Ap TpX$ ApXy„$ Aph¡ R>¡.''
dlpfpS> bp¡ëep, ""A¡d lp¡e sp¡
S>Np a¡fhp¡, TpX$ _ L$p`ip¡.''
BS>_¡f¡ L$üy„, ""`Z, dlpfpS>...''
Ðep„ sp¡ dlpfpÅ ip„s N„cuf AhpS>¡
bp¡ëep, ""Sy>Ap¡, sd¡ gpMp¡ ê$r`ep
MfQu_¡ drl_pdp„ dL$p_ s¥epf L$fu iL$ip¡.
`f„sy Nd¡ s¡V$gp dpZkp¡_¡ L$pd¡ gNpX$ip¡
L¡$ Nd¡ s¡V$gy„ _pÏ„ MfQip¡ sp¡e drl_pdp„
TpX$_u A¡L$ X$pm `Z s¥epf _rl \pe !''
Ap kp„cmu BS>_¡f¡ dL$p__u S>Np
a¡fhu. TpX$ bQu Ne„y.
- dyLy$g L$gp\}

58
 õhpÝepe
â. 1. _uQ¡_p iåv$p¡ dpV¡$ `pW$dp„ h`fpe¡gp iåv$p¡ L$p¦kdp„\u ip¡^u_¡ gM.
(_pÏ„, S>Np, TpX$, _hy„, dL$p_, AhpS>)
(1) kpv$ - (4) õ\m -
(2) h©n - (5) _hu_ -
(3) Bdpfs - (6) ^_ -
â. 2. iåv$p¡ Å¡C_¡ hp„Q A_¡ gM.
(1) Np¢X$g - (4) N„cuf -
(3) `fhp_Nu - (2) BS>_¡f-
â. 3. `pW$dp„\u iåv$ ip¡^u_¡ gM.
(1) fpÄe_p fpÅ_y„ _pd -
(2) TpX L$p`hp_u `fhp_Nu dpN_pf -
(3) dL$p_ bp„^hpdp„ hÃQ¡ Apìey„ -
â. 4. L$p¦kdp„_p ep¡Áe iåv$ _uQ¡  L$f.
(1) CS>_¡f TpX$ (L$p`hp_u/DNpX$hp_u) `fhp_Nu g¡hp dlpfpÅ
`pk¡ Nep.
(2) (_hy„/dp¡Vy„$) dL$p_ bp„^hpdp„ TpX$ ApXy„$ Aph¡ R>¡.
(3) TpX$_¡ (ENhpdp„/L$p`hpdp„) gp„bp¡ kde gpN¡ R>¡.

59
â. 5. _d|_p dyS>b iåv$ b_ph.
v$p.s. fdhy„ - fçep¡
(1) a¡fhhy„ - (4) gphhy„ -
(2) cpNhy„ - (5) NpS>hy„ -
(3) Aphhy„ - (6) hphhy„ -
â. 6. A_yõhpf_p saphs\u \sp„ A\® c¡v$_¡ epv$ fpM.
(1) bNgp¡ - A¡L$ `nu b„Ngp¡ - fl¡W$pZ_p¡ A¡L$ âL$pf
(2) Dv$f - `¡V$ Jv$f - A¡L$ âpZu
(3) fN - _k f„N - L$gf
lh¡ sy„ Aphp„ buÅ Dv$plfZ gM.
(1)
(2)
(3)
â. 7. s_¡ Mbf lp¡e s¡V$gp„ TpX$_p„ _pd gM.

â. 8. s_¡ L$ey„ TpX$ hphhy„ Nd¡ A_¡ ip dpV¡$ s¡ gM.

60
T hp„Q A_¡ gM.
(1) h©np¡ M|b S> D`ep¡Nu R>¡.

(2) h©np¡ Ap`Z_¡ R>p„eX$p¡ Ap`¡, am, awg, Ap¥jr^ Ap`¡.

(3) h©np¡ Ap`Z_¡ gpL$Xy„$ Ap`¡ R>¡.

(4) gpL$X$pdp„\u Ap`Z¡ ar_®Qf b_phuA¡ R>uA¡.

(5) TpX$ `f `nuAp¡ dpmp¡ bp„^¡ R>¡.

u
h©n bQphuA¡... `ep®hfZ bQphuA¡... u

61
 m
D`¾$d - 8 m

kphQ¡su_p„ k|Óp¡

AL$õdpsp¡ \sp V$pmp¡, lpf sp¡X$u_¡ O|khy„ _rl,

kphQ¡su_p r_ed `pmp¡.
ApNm, `pR>m Å¡Å¡ v$p¡õsp¡,
k„cpmu, Ap¡m„Np¡ fõsp¡.
fõsp hÃQ¡ afip¡ _rl,
v$p¡X$pv$p¡X$u L$fip¡ _rl.
`N\u_p¡ kp¥ L$fp¡ D`ep¡N,
AL$õdps_p b_p¡ _ cp¡N.
Qpgy bkdp„ QX$hy„ _rl.
V$_-V$_, cp¢-cp¢ hpN¡ Äepf¡,
bpSy>A¡ Mku Åhy„ Ðepf¡.
qfnp L¡$ bk\u Esfsp„,
v$p¡õsp¡, Dsphm _p L$fsp„.
lp¡e¡ v$qfep¡ _v$u smph,
k|Q_p hp„Qu ApNm Åh.
- _pfpeZ s`p¡^_

T Mp¡V$p¡ iåv$ R>¡L$u _pMp¡. v$p.s. dpfp¡ / dpfy„ _pd AS>e R>¡.
(1) rbgpX$u v|$^/v$l] `uA¡ R>¡. (2) lz„ rQÓ hp„Qy„/v$p¡fy„ Ry>„.
(3) Op¡X$p¡ Opk Mpe/`uA¡ R>¡. (4) lz„/Ad¡ fduA¡ R>uA¡.
T rQÓ Å¡C_¡ hp¼e `|Z® L$fp¡.

(1) Ap R>¡.
(2) A¡_p¡ ApL$pf R>¡.
(3) A¡_p¡ f„N R>¡.
(4) A¡ _p L$pddp„ Aph¡ R>¡.

u
kgpdsu_p r_edp¡_y„ `pg_ L$fuA¡. u
62
 Qpgp¡ bÅfdp„

`pÓp¡ - ipL$hpmp¡, R>p`p„hpmp¡,

v$fÆ, azÁNphpmp¡, Ly„$cpf, QZphpmp¡,
fdL$X$p„hpmu, duW$pChpmp¡, hN¡f¡.
kp^_p¡ - v$f¡L$ S>Z `p¡s`p¡sp_p
`pÓ_¡ gNsu hõsyAp¡ fpM¡.
(hpfpafsu `pÓ_p¡ âh¡i \hp¡
Å¡CA¡, v$f¡L$ `pÓ¡ `p¡sp_u L$X$u bp¡gu_¡
b¡ `Ngp„ `pR>m Ecp fl¡hy„.)
ipL$hpmp¡ : ipL$hpmp¡ Apep¡ R>¡,
L$pL$X$u s|qfep„ gpep¡ R>¡,
h¢NZ `p`X$u i½qfe„y,
s¡_y„ b_phÅ¡ Kr^ey„.
L$p_p¡ Ly„$cpf : L$p_p¡ Ly„$cpf Apep¡ R>¡,
dpV$gp„ _¡ L„|$Å„ gpep¡ R>¡,
IV$ _rmep„ M|b L$fy„,
h¡Qu h¡Qu `¡V$ cfy„.
v$fÆ : lz„ Ry>„ v$fÆ, lz„ Ry>„ v$fÆ,
kp„cmp¡ cpC_¡ bl¡_Æ,
dpfp rh_p L$p¡C_¡ _ Qpg¡,
kp¥ L$`X$p„ `¡'fu dp'g¡.

63
azÁNphpmp¡ : azÁNphpmp¡ Apìep¡ R>¡,
f„N f„N_p gpìep¡ R>¡,
azÁNp b^p„_¡ Ndsp„,
kp¥A¡ gC_¡ fdsp„.
QZphpmp¡ : QZphpmp¡ Apìep¡ R>¡,
QV$`V$ QZp gpìep¡ R>¡.
bpbp b¡bu Aphp¡_¡,
MpC QZp Myi \pAp¡_¡.
R>p`p„hpmp¡ : R>p`p„hpmp¡ Apìep¡ R>¡,
spÆ Mbf gpìep¡ R>¡,
L$p¡C hp„Q¡ âhpku,
L$p¡C dy„bC kdpQpf,
qä â¡k V$pCçk ëep¡,
hp„Qu_¡ lp¡riepf b_p¡.
fdL$X$p„hpmu : fdL$X$p„hpmu Aphu R>¡,
ÅsÅs_p„ gphu R>¡,
v$k ê$r`epdp„ ëep¡ _¡ cpC,
M|V$u Åe sp¡ _rl _hpC.
duW$pChpmp¡ : duW$pChpmp¡ Apìep¡ R>¡,
`¢X$p, bfau gpìep¡ R>¡,
S>g¡bu, MpÅ„ M|b R>¡,
kp\¡ spÅ¡ lghp¡ R>¡,
Aphp¡ Aphp¡ ëep¡ duW$pC,
MpC ÅX$p \pip¡ cpC.

64
 (b^p„A¡ kp\¡ Np¡m L|„X$pmpdp„ Ecp„
flu_¡ _pQsp„ L|$v$sp„ _uQ¡_„y Nus Nphy„.)
b^p„ kp\¡ -
Apìep„' sp bÅfdp„ (2) lp¡ lp¡ lp¡
Sy>vy„$ Sy>vy„$ $ h¡Qhp (f) lp¡ lp¡ lp¡
khpf\u Apìep„ dpg b^p¡ h¡Qhp,
h¡Qu h¡Qu_¡ `¥kp L$dphp,
lp¡ lp¡ lp¡... Apìep„.
kp„S> `X$u Qpgp¡ O¡f S>CA¡,
S>¡ S>¡ dþey„ s¡dp„ fpÆ fluA¡,
lp¡ lp¡ lp¡... Apìep„.
- r_d®mp Ap¡Tp
õhpÝepe
â. 1. _uQ¡_p iåv$p¡ dpV¡$ L$pìedp„ h`fpe¡gp iåv$p¡ L$p¦kdp„\u ip¡^u_¡ gM.
(L$`X$p„, `¡V$, _hpC, âhpku)
(1) Dv$f - (2) hõÓ -
(3) dykpaf - (4) Apòe® -
â. 2. L$rhspdp„\u _d|_p dyS>b iåv$p¡ ip¡^. v$p.s. Ndsp„ - fdsp„

(1) L$fy„ - (2) Apìep¡ -

(3) S>CA¡ - (4) Aphu -
â. 3. Ap¡mM.
(1) dpV$u_p„ hpkZ b_ph¡ s¡ -
65
 (2) ipL$cpÆ h¡Q¡ s¡ -
(3) duW$pC h¡Q¡ s¡ -
(4) L$`X$p„ kuh¡ s¡ -
â. 4. L$pìe `„[¼s `|Z® L$f.
(1) ipL$hpmp¡ Apep¡ R>¡, gpep¡ R>¡.
(2) M|b L$fy„, h¡Qu h¡Qu `¡V$ cfy„.
(3) M|b R>¡, kp\¡ spÅ¡ lghp¡ R>¡.
â. 5. L$pìedp„ Aphsp„ `pÓp¡_p„ _pd gM.

â. 6. ep¡Áe fus¡ Å¡X$u_¡ S>hpb gM.

S|>\ "L$' S|>\ "N'
(1) M¡g L$f¡ (A) L$qX$ep¡
(2) Myfiu b_ph¡ (b) h¡`pfu
(3) v$uhpg QZ¡ (L$) v$fÆ
(4) v$hp Ap`¡ (X$) dv$pfu
(5) h¡`pf L$f¡ (B) ky\pf
(6) L$`X$p„ kuh¡ (a) X$p¸¼V$f
â. 7. _d|_p âdpZ¡ gM. v$p.s. dþey„ - dmhy„
(1) Apìey„ - (3) Qp¿ey„ -
(2) iu¿ey„ - (4) bp¡ëey„ -

66
â. 8. spfu Apk`pk_u bÅfdp„ dmsu hõsyAp¡_u epv$u s¥epf L$f.

â. 9. s_¡ Mbf lp¡e s¡hp buÅ ìehkpreL$p¡_p„ _pd gM.

lz„ hp„Qy„... sy„ `Z hp„Q.

vy$L$p_
frhhpf_u fÅ `X$u R>¡, dp„X$u Ad¡ vy$L$p_;
Al] Ap¡V$g¡ cuX$ dQu R>¡, dp„X$u Ad¡ vy$L$p_.
Al] dm¡ R>¡ Op¡X$p, lp\u, d¡_p, `p¡`V$, dp¡f,
bg|_, dp¡V$f, R|>L$ R|>L$ NpX$u, MS|>f, ^pZu, bp¡f,
OZu Y$]Ngu ê$`¡ dY$u R>¡, R>¡ fp^p _¡ L$lp_.
... frhhpf_u
_\u Adp¡_¡ azfkv$ ÅZu, fkp¡C gC bp Apìep„;
cpC-bp`yÆ Nep hMpZu, cpcu dv$v¡$ gpÁep„;
ap¡S> Adpfu b^u MX$u R>¡, L$pd dl] dõsp_.
... frhhpf_u
Ad¡ Qp¡`X$p¡ L$v$u _ fp¿ep¡, _\u iplu L¡$ MqX$ep¡;
d_dp„ Aph¡ s¡ bk _pMp¡, Sy>Ap¡, `Xép¡ R>¡ `qX$ep¡;
Ad¡ _ L$Q-L$Q L$v$u L$fu R>¡, A¡ S> Adpfu ip_.
... frhhpf_u

u
k|e®_u S>¡d r_erds b_uA¡. u
67
 m
D`¾$d - 9 m

T Qp¡fkdp„\u ipL$_p„ _pd ip¡^u_¡ gM.

c] X$p¡ ` v$ L$p (1)
s Np k| Ny f¡ (2)
L$p¡ bu S> hp gp„ (3)
a gp h f h (4)
Z V$ d¡ V$p„ cp (5)
ku g„ Zp bp Æ (6)
T hp¼ep¡_¡ ¾$dhpf Np¡W$h.
(1) âp\®_p L$fu k|C Nep¡. (1)
(2) s¥epf \C ipmpA¡ Nep¡. (2)
(3) OfL$pd L$fu S>dhp b¡W$p¡. (3)
(4) lz„ khpf¡ kps hpN¡ EWép¡. (4)
(5) _põsp¡ L$fu fdhp Nep¡. (5)

T A¡L$ S> Ly$Vy„$b_p„ ÓZ _pdp¡ R>¡, Qp¡\y„ _pd gM.

(1) lp\u hpO tkl

(2) L$pNX$p¡ bNgp¡ QL$gu

(3) lp\ `N X$p¡L$

(4) Nygpb dp¡Nfp¡ Q„`p¡

68
 kp\¡ L$fuA¡ L$pd

A¡L$ hMs ifuf_p b^p Ahehp¡ A¡L$W$p

dþep lsp. A¡d_¡ rhQpf Apìep¡ L¡$ Ap`Z¡
b^p L$p„C_¡ L$p„C L$pd L$fuA¡ R>uA¡; `Z `¡gy„
`¡V$ b¡ku S> fl¡ R>¡. sp¡ Qpgp¡, Ap`Z¡e
Ap`Ï„ L$pd b„^ L$fu v$CA¡. `R>u s¡Ap¡
L$l¡hp gpÁep :
lp\ : gMhp_y„ dpf¡. g¡hy„-d|L$hy„ dpf¡.
L$p¡rmep¡ cfu Ap`hp_p¡ dpf¡ A_¡
`¡V$ b¡Wy„$ b¡Wy„$ Apfpd L$f¡ ! Apd _
Qpg¡, ÅAp¡, lz„ L$pd b„^ L$fy„ Ry>„.
`N : khpf\u kp„S> ky^u Qpëep L$fhp_„y
dpf¡. vy$:M Mdhp_y„ dpf¡ A_¡
`¡V$ KÂep L$f¡ ! _p, _p, l„z lh¡
Qpghp_p¡ S> _\u. bk, ApS>\u
Qpghp_y„ b„^.
v$p„s : `¡V$ cfhp dpV¡$ Qphhy„ `X¡$ R>¡ dpf¡.
lz„ iy„ L$pd A¡ L$f„y ? Å¡CA¡ sp¡ Mfp,
`¡V$_u iu v$ip \pe R>¡ !
Ap„M : hp„Qhp_y„ L$pd dpf¡. Å¡hp_y„ L$pd
dpf¡. Ýep_ fpMhp_y„ L$pd dpf¡.
A_¡ `¡gy„ dp¡Vy$„ `¡V$ b¡Wy„$ b¡Wy„$ gl¡f

69
 L$f¡ ! ÅAp¡, lz„ lh¡ Å¡hp_y„ S> b„^
L$fu v$J Ry>„.
L$p_ : b^p„ S> Å¡ Apd L$pd b„^ L$fu v¡$ sp¡
lz„ iy„ L$pd L$p„C L$pd L$fy„ ? ApS>\u
kp„cmhp_y„ b„^, d_¡ A¡V$gp¡ Apfpd
dmi¡.
_pL$ : sp¡ `R>u d¢ ip¡ Ny_p¡ L$ep£ R>¡? lz„ e
k|„Ohp_y„ b„^ L$fu v$J. ðpk ^udp¡
`pX$u v$J. dpf¡ `Z b^p„_u kp\¡ fl¡hy„
Å¡CA¡ _¡? R>¡hV¡$ b^p„A¡ `p¡s`p¡sp_y„
L$pd b„^ L$fhp_p¡ W$fph L$ep£.
Apd b^p„ L$pd L$fsp„ b„^ \ep„ A¡V$g¡
`¡V$_¡ AÞ_ _ dþey„. `p¡jZ b„^ \sp„ `¡V$dp„
MpX$p¡ `Xép¡. lp\`N _bmp \C Nep. Ap„M
KX$u Esfu NC. Npg b¡ku Nep. `R>u b^p„
d|„Tpep„ lh¡ L$fhy„ iy„ ? Ap`Z¡ L$pd sp¡ b„^
L$ey¯, `Z Ap`Z¡ S> cp¡Nhhy„ `X$éy„. S>ê$f
Apdp„ Ap`Z¡ c|g L$fu gpN¡ R>¡. rbQpfp `¡V$_p¡
ip¡ hp„L$ ? Ap`Z¡ L$pd L$fuA¡ R>uA¡ s¡ v¡$Mpe
R>¡. `Z A¡ sp¡ fps _¡ qv$hk d|„Ny„-d|„Ny„ L$pd
L$ep® S> L$f¡ R>¡. Ap`Z_¡ sp¡ fps¡e Apfpd dm¡
R>¡. `¡V$_u lp¡S>fu A_¡ Ap„sfX$p„_¡ sp¡ S>fpe
Apfpd _\u dmsp¡. Mf¡Mf, Ap`Z¡ sp¡ Ap
dpV¡$ A¡_p¡ Apcpf dp_hp¡ Å¡CA¡.

70
 Dsphrmep¡ rhQpf L$fu_¡ Ap`Z¡
L$pd b„^ L$e¯y A¡ Ap`Zu c|g lsu.
`Z lh¡ Ap`Z_¡ b^p„_¡ kdÅey„ L¡$ :
k„N¡ fl¡hy„, k„N¡ dmhy„
k„N¡ L$fhp„ L$pd,

õhpÝepe
â. 1. _uQ¡_p iåv$p¡ dpV¡$ `pW$dp„ h`fpe¡gp iåv$p¡ L$p¦kdp„\u ip¡^u_¡ gM.
(lpgs, AÞ_, A¡L$W$p, Ap„M)
(1) c¡Np - (3) v$ip -
(2) Mp¡fpL - (4) Qny -
â. 2. `pW$dp„ Aph¡gp Å¡X$ iåv$ gM.

(1) (3)
(2) (4)

â. 3. _uQ¡_p Ahehp¡ iy„ L$pd L$f¡ R>¡ s¡ gM.

(1) lp\ -

(2) `N -

(3) v$p„s -

(4) Ap„M -

71
 (5) L$p_ -

(6) _pL$ -
â. 4. Mpgu S>Áep `|f.
(1) Å¡CA¡ sp¡ Mfp, `¡V$_u iu \pe R>¡.
(2) ifuf_p b^p A¡L$W$p dþep lsp.
(3) b„^ \sp„ `¡V$dp„ MpX$p¡ `X$ép¡.
â. 5. L$pd b„^ L$fhp_p„ L$pfZ¡ _uQ¡_p Ahehp¡_u iy„ lpgs \C s¡ gM.
(1) `¡V$ -
(2) lp\`N -
(3) Ap„M -
(4) Npg -
â. 6. _uQ¡_p iåv$p¡_¡ hZp®_y¾$d âdpZ¡ Np¡W$h.
(1) khpf, kyM, riepmp¡, apm

(2) A¡jp, Apip, Ap¡dL$pf, Adf

â. 7. Ap `pW$ `f\u s_¡ iy„ iuMhp dþey„ s¡ gM.

72
 lz„ hp„Qy„... sy„ `Z hp„Q.

Ap„NmuAp¡_y„ Ly$Vy„$b
Ly$Vy„$b Apìey„, Ly$Vy„$b Apìey„
Ap„NmuAp¡_y„ Ly$Vy„$b Apìey„
ÅX$p `pX$p A„N|W$pÆ
A¡L$ _„bf¡ gC_¡ Apìey„.
Ap„Nmu `l¡gu r_ip_ Q]^¡
Ap„M_y„ Ðep„\u Ýep_ gpìey„.
buÆ Ap„Nmu gp„bu KQu
hÃQ¡ A¡_y„ õ\p_ Apìey„.
ÓuÆ Ap„Nmu KQu buÆ
`|Å h]V$u_y„ ê$` ip¡cpìey„,
_p_u dpfu A_prdL$p
_pd _rl _¡ _pd v$u`pìey„,
Ly$Vy„$b Apìey„, Ly$Vy„$b Apìey„
Ap„NmuAp¡_y„ Ly$Vy„$b Apìey„.
- lfui _peL$

L$l¡ip¡ L¡$ lz„ L$p¡Z Ry>„?

Q|„ Q|„ Q|„ Q|„ L$fy„ Ry>„, V$d V$d V$d V$d L$fy„ Ry>„,
Ofdp„ b^¡ afy„ Ry>„; ApL$pi¡ lz„ afy„ Ry>„;
S>¡ dm¡ s¡ MpJ Ry>„, qv$hk¡ KOu ÅJ Ry>„,
L$`X$p„ L$p`u ÅJ Ry>„. fps¡ QdL$u ÅJ Ry>„.
- L$l¡ip¡ L¡$ lz„ L$p¡Z Ry>„? - L$l¡ip¡ L¡$ lz„ L$p¡Z Ry>„?
u
k„` Ðep„ S>„`. u

73
 M
hp„Q_ Ly$qV$f - 2 M

cCgy_¡ riMpdZ
L¡$d bNpX¡$ `pZu, cCgy, L¡$d bNpX¡$ `pZu ?
S>m R>¡ sp¡ Æh_ R>¡ S>Ndp„, S>m vy$r_ep_p¡ âpZ,
S>m _ li¡ sp¡ `mdp„ cCgy, A„s b^p„_p¡ ÅZ !
_p ap¡NV$ dpfu hpZu, cCgy, L¡$d bNpX¡$ `pZu ?
d|fMp„ gp¡L$p¡ A¡d L$l¡ R>¡- `pZu_u iy„ qL„$ds ?
S>m_p¡ bNpX$ L$fhpdp„ A¡ M|b v$pMh¡ tlds !
S>m_p¡ drldp g¡ ÅZu, cCgy, L¡$d h¡X$a¡ `pZu ?
S>mk„L$V$\u S>Ndp„ Å¡S>¡ TOX$p TpTp \pi¡,
S>mAcph \pi¡ sp¡ gp¡L$p¡ iy„ `ui¡ ? iy„ Mpi¡ ?
S>m_¡ g¡ ApS> hMpZu, cCgy, L¡$d bNpX¡$ `pZu ?
- drZgpg _. `V¡$g "S>NsrdÓ'

kycprjs
* fdsNds L$fsp„ L$v$u, L$fhy„ _l] _yL$kp_;
Mp¡V$u fus¡ M¡gsp, cpfu \pe¡ lpZ
* Qp¡¿Mu QuÅ¡ fpMhu, Qp¡¿Mp„ `l¡fp¡ Quf;
Qp¡¿Mp„ Of _¡ Qp¡L$ `Z, Qp¡¿M¡ kyMu ifuf.
* i¡fu rdÓp¡ kp¡ dm¡, spmu rdÓp¡ A_¡L$,
vy$:M Aph¡ S>¡ dv$v$ L$f¡, s¡ gpMp¡dp„ A¡L$.
* blzS>_ dmu_¡ S>¡ L$f¡, A¡L$g\u _p \pe,
kphfZu\u Of hmpe, kmu A¡L¡$ iy„ \pe ?

74
 m
D`¾$d - 10 m
T A¡L$-A_¡L$ rhi¡ ÅZ.
A¡L$ A_¡L$ A¡L$ A_¡L$

L¡$my„ L¡$mp„ dfQ„y dfQp„

`]Ry>„ `]R>p„ O¡¡Vy„$ O¡¡V$p„

f]NÏ„ f]NZp„ V$u`y„ V$u`p„

T _d|_p âdpZ¡ gM.

A¡L$ A_¡L$ A¡L$ A_¡L$

QdQp¡ QdQp L$p„kL$p¡
hp„v$fp¡ v$X$p¡
Op¡X$p¡ azhpfp¡
QZp¡ L|$hp¡
T L$p¦kdp„\u ep¡Áe iåv$ `k„v$ L$fu gM. (g¡S>¡, AphS>¡, Ap`S>¡, g¡, gph)
(1) L©$`p Ap \¡gu -
(2) bÅfdp„\u V$d¡V$p„ -
(3) ê$r`ep NZu_¡ -
(4) h^¡gp `¥kp `pR>p -
(5) Of¡ S>ëv$u -

75
 m
D`¾$d - 11
m
T Qpgp¡ L$fuA¡.

76