Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Nivel Básico
Nivel Básico
EJEMPLOS:
Britain / British
Australia / Australian
Japan / Japanese
Verbo to be (ser/estar)
Estructuras
I am Im I am not Im not am I?
you are youre you are not you arent are you?
you are youre you are not you arent are you?
they are theyre they are not they arent are they?
Este verbo es auxiliar. Esto significa que puede hacer la negacin y la
interrogacin sobre s mismo.
Para la negacin basta con aadir la partcula negativa 'not' al verbo y para la
interrogacin el verbo invierte su posicin con el sujeto.
El uso de las formas contradas denota un contexto ms coloquial y, por lo tanto,
no se consideran correctas en el lenguaje escrito formal.
Grammar Help Box
1. Negative forms:
EJEMPLOS:
o He isn't an accountant.
o You aren't British.
o But: I'm not a journalist.
o Not: I amnt a journalist.
2. Short answers to Yes / No questions:
EJEMPLOS:
o Is John British? Yes, he is. (He = John).
o Is his surname Bratt? No, it isn't. (it = surname).
o Are you a teacher? No, I'm not. / Yes, I am.
El artculo indeterminado a / an
Este artculo se utiliza delante de los sustantivos contables en singular para
hablar de un objeto o persona no especificado.
EJEMPLOS:
There's a man at the door.
We have an American car.
I my
you your
he his
she her
it its
we our
you your
they their
Singular Plural
your your
her their
his
its
Los adjetivos posesivos siempre acompaan a un sustantivo y nos indican de
quin es algo. Estos adjetivos tienen un antecedente, o sea, hacen referencia a
una persona o cosa nombrada con anterioridad y concuerdan en gnero y
nmero con esta palabra.
EJEMPLO:
Mr and Mrs Plough have a son. Their son lives in Jamaica.
(El seor y la seora Plough tienen un hijo. Su hijo vive en Jamaica).
Grammar practice. Look at the picture below and describe it. Write sentences
using 'there is' / 'there are' + 'a' / 'an' / one, two... + the names of the objects.
Use a dictionary if necessary.
EJEMPLOS:
There is a scarf under the bed.
There are three books on the floor.
- There is a bed
- There is a window
TEMA 2 : INTERROGACIN Y NEGACIN VERBOS TO BE, VERBO TO
HAVE GOT, GENITIVO SAJN, FORMAS INTERROGATIVAS Y PLURAL DE
LOS SUSTANTIVOS
Camino Lane
Afirmativa Contraccin
Interrogativa
have I got?
has he got?
has it got?
have we got?
Este verbo, igual que el verbo 'to be' es un auxiliar. Es decir, hace la negacin
y la interrogacin sobre s mismo, como puede observar en la tabla anterior.
Los adjetivos calificativos
NOTA: Para hablar de cosas, lugares, etc. se usa 'of' en lugar de -'s:
EJEMPLOS:
The side of the box.
The roof of the house.
The end of the film.
The cause of the problem.
Vocabulario
Adjectives
married casado
grandson nieto
cheese queso
chicken pollo
coke coca-cola
egg huevo
Singular Plural
I work we work
Este tiempo verbal se utiliza para hablar de las acciones que se realizan
habitualmente. Los verbos principales, es decir, aqullos que no son auxiliares
como por ejemplo los verbos 'to be' y 'to have got', se conjugan de la siguiente
manera:
Negacin Interrogacin
EJEMPLOS:
He lives in London.
Interrogative: Where does he live?
Negative: He doesnt live in Paris.
Vocabulario
Jobs
journalist periodista
Verbs
cook cocinar
design disear
finish acabar
fly volar
help ayudar
read leer
sell vender
translate traducir
travel viajar
type mecanografiar
Subject Object
I me
you you
he him
she her
it it
we us
you you
they them
I me my
he him his
it it its
we us our
Affirmative
I eat at home
You
We
They
He eats
She
It
Negative
You
We
They
He doesnt
She
It
Interrogative (Yes/No)
Do I like dogs?
You
We
They
Does He
She
It
Yes I do
You
No We dont
They
Yes He does
No She doesnt
It
Affirmative
In the Present Simple affirmative we add 's' to the verb with he , she , and
it .
Negative
With I, you, we, and they the negative is dont + the infinitive of the verb.
With he, she, and it, the negative is doesnt + the infinitive of the verb.
don't / do not
doesn't / does not
Interrogative
In questions with I, you, we, and they the auxiliary verb is do.
In questions with he, she, and it, the auxiliary verb is does.
Wh- questions
When do I eat?
You
Where We
They
Where she
it
Adverbs of frequency
1. The adverbs never, sometimes, often, usually and always normally
come before the principal verb:
EJEMPLOS:
o I usually get up at 8.00.
o I dont often go to the cinema.
o He never drinks coffee.
o They always give me a CD for my birthday.
2. With the verb to be these adverbs go after the verb:
EJEMPLOS:
o She is sometimes late.
o We are usually at home after 10.00.