Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Problem, challenge
Basis for prevention
Mechanisms of disease
Risk factors
Early diagnosis
Primary and secondary prevention
Data, perspectives
Conclusion(e)s
Prevalence of
dementia in Spain
Incidence of
dementia in Spain
65 70
70 75
75 80
80 85
> 85
65 70
70 80
> 80
1%
3%
7%
15%
30%
1 / 1000
1 / 100
1 / 10
10%
Casado I, Calatayud T. Guia oficial de la SEN para la prctica
clnica en demencias: Conceptos, criterios y recomendaciones 2009
Delaying dementia onset would reduce the prevalence by 50% in 3-4 decades
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
ONF-tau
PS- -Amiloide
Braak H, 2006
Membrana
Citoplasma
Ovillo
Hiperfosforilacin neurofibrilar
Tau
A
Inflamacin
- APP
genesis
Amiloide-
Amyloid plaque
agregacin
A
Excitotoxicidad
APP
Cambios
Cognitivos y
conductuales
Dficit
neurotransmisores
Disfuncin
sinptica
Oxidacin
Espacio
extracelular
Neurona
Muerte
neuronal
Membrana
Citoplasma
Ovillo
Hiperfosforilacin neurofibrilar
Tau
A
Inflamacin
- APP
genesis
Amiloide-
Amyloid plaque
agregacin
A
Excitotoxicidad
APP
Cambios
Cognitivos y
conductuales
Dficit
neurotransmisores
Disfuncin
sinptica
Oxidacin
Espacio
extracelular
Neurona
Muerte
neuronal
ONF-tau
PS- -Amiloide
Braak H, 2006
Con demencia
Sin demencia
EA
EA + Inf
Atrofia
Placas
Ovillos
Peso del
cerebro
Pre-clinica
prodromica
Reserva cognitiva.
Salud cerebral
Jack CR, et al. Lancet Neurol 2010; 9(1): 119-128
demencia
SALUD
Pre-clinica
prodromica
demencia
Reserva cognitiva.
Salud cerebral
PREVENCIN
PRIMARIA
Mejorar el estado de salud (vascular) cerebral
Control de los FRV
Dieta? Mediterrnea?
Formal education
Sex
Systolic BP
BMI
Total cholesterol
Physical activity
Timo Erkinjuntti - MRU
< 47 years
47-53 years
>53 years
0
3
4
10 years
7-9 years
0-6 years
0
2
3
Women
Men
0
1
140 mm Hg
> 140 mm Hg
0
2
30 kg/m2
> 30 kg/m2
0
2
6.5 mmol/l
> 6.5 mmol/l
0
2
Kivipelto et al.,
Lancet
Neurology 2006
0
1
[Diapositiva cedida
gentilmente por el
Profesor Timo
Erkinjuntti]
Active
Inactive
PROBABILITY OF DEMENTIA IN
LATE-LIFE ACCORDING TO THE RISK
SCORE CATEGORY IN MIDDLE AGE
SCORE
Dementia risk
0-5
1.0 %
6-7
1.9 %
8-9
4.2 %
10-11
7.4 %
12-15
Timo Erkinjuntti - MRU
16.4 %
[Diapositiva cedida
gentilmente por el
Profesor Timo
Erkinjuntti]
[Diapositiva cedida
gentilmente por el Profesor
Timo Erkinjuntti]
FINGER
(Finland)
MAPT
(France)
Pre-DIVA
(Netherlands)
Intervention
Multi-domain (Diet,
Exercise, Cognitive
training), Omega-3
Nurse-lead intensive
vascular care
Age, yrs
60 -75
70 and +
70-78
Sample size
1200
1680
3535
Inclusion criteria
Study design
Multi-center, randomized,
single-blind, parallel-group
Multi-center, randomized,
controlled trial
Intervention period
2 yrs
3 yrs
6 yrs
Primary outcome
Neuropsychological test
battery, Trail Making,
Stroop, Dementia
Change in cognitive
function (Grober and
Buschke memory test)
Dementia, Disability
2013
2016
SALUD
Pre-clinica
prodromica
demencia
Reserva cognitiva.
Salud cerebral
PREVENCIN
PRIMARIA?
Se puede diagnosticar la EA pre-clnica, sin sntoma alguno?
Anlisis:
Amiloide
Tau
PET PIB
3000 ?
PUNCIN LUMBAR
Invasiva?
SALUD
Pre-clinica
prodromica
demencia
Reserva cognitiva.
Salud cerebral
PREVENCIN
PRIMARIA?
Mejorar el estado de salud (vascular) cerebral
Control de los FRV
Dieta? Mediterrnea?
SALUD
Pre-clinica
prodromica
demencia
Reserva cognitiva.
Salud cerebral
PREVENCIN
SECUNDARIA?
Clnica caracterstica
(sin demencia)
Biomarcadores
Clnica
Neuropsicologa
RM
PET
PL (LCR)
SALUD
Pre-clinica
PREVENCIN
SECUNDARIA?
prodromica
demencia
Reserva cognitiva.
Salud cerebral
Screen
-0.09
Screen
B
Week 78
-0.33
Placebo
Treated Patients
Bapineuzumab
Treated Patients
Week 78
4.0
0.06
0.25
0.0
Pittsburgh Compound-B positron emission tomography ([11C]PiB PET) images in two bapineuzumab-treated (A, B)
and two placebo-treated (C, D) patients. Average [11C]PiB PET changes from baseline to week 78 are shown at the
top center of each panel for each patient (A through D).
Rinne et al Lancet Neurology, 2010
Retos de la prevencin de la EA
Gran epidemia silenciosa
Diagnstico temprano tratamiento actual
temprano
Investigar tratamientos en fases tempranass
Ensayos clnicos
Prevencin primaria