Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Estructura y Metabolismo
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Acidos grasos
Glicerofosfolpidos
Triglicridos
Esfingolpidos
Colesterol
Eicosanoides
Vitaminas insolubles
Sales biliares
Hormonas esteroideas
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Fosfolpidos
Triacilgliceroles
Glicerofosfolipidos
Glucolpidos
Esfingolipidos
Esfingolipidos
Procariotes
Galactolipidos
Glicerol
Acido Graso
Acido Graso
Acido Graso
Simples
complejos
Plasmalgeno
Esfingomielina
Glucolipidos neutros
Cerebrsidos
Globsidos
Ganglisidos
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
simples
Complejos
Acilgliceridos
(GRASASACEITESMANTECASSEBOS)
Ceridos (CERAS)
Lpidos de
membrana
Sustancias
asociadas
Lipoproteinas
Terpenos
Esteroides
Eicosanoides
Fosfolpidos
Glucolpidos
Glicerofosfolipidos
Esfingoglucolipidos
Esfingolipidos
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Lpidos
saponificables
Lpidos no
saponificables
Saturados
Terpenos
Simples
Insaturados
Lpidos complejos
o de membrana
Poliinsaturados
Triacilgliceroles
Esteroides
Eicosanoides
Ceras
Fosfolpidos
Glucolpidos
Aceites
Mantecas
Sebos
Glicerofosfolipidos
Esfingoglucolipidos
Esfingolipidos
Grasas
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
ACIDOS GRASOS
SATURADOS
INSATURADOS
POLIINSATURADOS
ESENCIALES
NO ESENCIALES
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
ACIDOS GRASOS
Acidos carboxlicos de cadena larga
Suelen tener nmero par de carbonos (14 a 22
PROPIEDADES FISICOQUIMICAS
a. Solubilidad ( Carcter Anfiptico )
b. Punto de fusin: > N de C y saturacin
c. Esterificacin TG
d. Saponificacin Jabn
CABEZA
POLAR
COLA APOLAR
FUNCION
1. Como componentes de lpidos de membrana ms complejos.
2. Como componentes de la grasa almacenada en la forma de triglicridos
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
NOMBRE SISTEMTICO
NOMBRE COMN
12:0
CH3(CH2)10COOH
Acido n-dodecanoico
Acido Larico
14:0
CH3(CH2)12COOH
Acido n-tetradecanoico
Acido Mirstico
16:0
CH3(CH2)14COOH
Acido n-hexadecanoico
Acido Palmitico
18:0
CH3(CH2)16COOH
Acido n-octadecanoico
Acido Estearico
20:0
CH3(CH2)18COOH
Acido n-eicosanoico
Acido Araquidico
24:0
CH3(CH2)22COOH
Acido n-tetracosanoico
Acido Lignocerico
16:1 (9)
CH3(CH2)5CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
Acido cis-9-hexadecenoico
Acido Palmitoleico
18:1 (9)
CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
Acido cis-9-octodecenoico
Acido Oleico
18:2 (9,12)
CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CH
(CH2)7COOH
20:3 (9,12,15)
CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(
CH2)7COOH
20:4 (5,8,11,14)
CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CH
CH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)3 COOH
C16 C18
saturado
C16 C18
insaturado
Aceite de Oliva
liquido
Mantequilla
Solido suave
C4 C14
saturado
ESQUELETO
Sebo de buey
Solido duro
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nomenclatura
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Acido Lactobaclico
R: 60 carbonos
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Acidos miclicos
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nmero par de
carbonos
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Lpidos Simples
Acilglicridos
Aceites
Mantecas
Sebos
Grasas
Ceras
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
ACILGLICERIDOS
Esteres de cidos grasos con glicerol (alcohol de bajo peso molecular)
AG + GLICEROL
Monoglicridos
Diglicridos
Triglicridos principal reserva energtica
animales (grasas) - vegetales (aceites)
Reacciones de esterificacin
Glicerol
Triglicrido
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
CERIDOS
Esteres de cidos grasos con alcohol de alto peso molecular
AG + OL ALTO Pm
Son altamente insolubles en medios acuosos
Son duros y slidos a temperatura ambiente
Acido palmitico
Alcohol miricilico
Palmitato de miricilo
Cera de abejas
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Glucolpidos
Glicerofosfolpido
s
Gliceroglucolpdos
Esfingolpidos
Esfingoglucolpidos
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
FOSFOLIPIDOS
Alcohol (glicerol o esfingosina) + acido graso + grupo fosfato + grupo alcohol o amina (BN)
Glicerofosfolpidos
Esfingofosfolpidos
Acido Graso
PO4
--R
Acido fosfatdico
Esfingosina
Glicerol
Acido Graso
Acido Graso
PO4
--R
Ceramida
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Sustituyente
Glicerofosfolpidos
Acido fosfatdico
Hidrogeno
Formula
-H
Nombre
Acido fosfatdico
Etanolamina
Fosfatidiletanolamina
Colina
Fosfatidilcolina
(Lecitina)
Serina
Fosfatidilserina
(cefalina)
Glicerol
Fosfatidilglicerol
Myo-inositol-4,5bifosfato
Fosfatidilinositol-4,5-bifosfato
Fosfatidilglicerol
Cardiolipina
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Sulfogalactosilglicerolpidos en clulas
germinales: espermatozoides
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Esfingofosfolpidos
Ceramida
Sustituyente
Hidrgeno
Fosfocolina
Fosfoserina
Formula
-H
Nombre
Ceramida
Esfingomielina
Esfingomielina
Fosfocolina
Fosfoetanolamina
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Esfingosina
Esfinganina (dihidroesfingosina)
Fitoesfingosina
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Plasmalgeno
Factor activador de
plaquetas
Acetil ter
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
GLUCOLIPIDOS
Alcohol (glicerol o esfingosina) + acido graso + azucar
Esfingoglucolpidos
Gliceroglucolpidos
Acido Graso
Mono u
Oligosacarido
SO4
Esfingosina
Glicerol
Acido Graso
Acido Graso
Mono u
Oligosacrido
Cerebrosidos
Gangliosidos
Sulftidos
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Gliceroglucolpidos
Sustituyente
Formula
Nombre
Galactosa
Galactolpidos
Monogalactosildiacilglicerol
(MGDG)
Glicerol
Acido Graso
Digalactosa
Digalactosildiacilglicerol
(DGDG)
Acido Graso
Mono u
Oligosacarido
SO4
Galactosa-sulfato
6-sulfo-6-deoxi-dglucopiranosildiacilgligerol
(sulfolipido)
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Esfingoglucolpidos
Sustituyente
Formula
Nombre
Oligosacrido
Antigeno O
Esfingosina
Glc
Gal
Gal
NAc
Gal
Acido Graso
Mono u
Oligosacrido
Fuc
Oligosacrido
Antigeno A
Glc
Gal
Gal
NAc
Gal
Gal
NAc
Fuc
Grupos sanguneos
Antgeno O - Antgeno A - Antgeno B
Oligosacrido
Antigeno B
Glc
Gal
Gal
NAc
Gal
Gal
Fuc
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Esfingosina
Esfingoglucolpidos
Acido Graso
Mono u
Oligosacrido
Sustituyente
Formula
Nombre
Glucosa
Galactosa
Cerebrsido
Glucosilcerebrsido
Galactocerebrosido
Sulfatido (gal + SO4)
Di-tri-o tetrasacrido
Globsido
Lactosilceramida
Oligosacrido
complejo
Ganglisido
Ganglisido GM2
Cerebrosidos
Galactocerebrosidos
Glucocerebrosidos
Sulfatidos
Globosidos
Gangliosidos
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Terpenos
Esteroides
Eicosanoides
Hormonas
.
.
.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Terpenos o Isoprenoides
Derivados del Isopreno 2-metil-1,3-butadieno
Mentol, Limoneno, Geraniol
Fitol clorofila
Vitamina A, K, E
Isopreno
Vitamina A
Vitamina K
Vitamina D
Vitamina E
Dolicol
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Esteroides
Ciclopentanoperhidrofenantreno o Esterano
A. Esteroles
B. Acidos Biliares
C. Hormonas esteroideas
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Esteroles
Colesterol membranas biolgicas resistencia
precursor de casi todos los dems esteroides
Ergosterol
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Acidos biliares
Compuestos de 24 tomos de carbono dihidroxilados o trihidroxilados
Derivan del colesterol
- Acido Clico OH en 3-7 y 12
- Acido Litoclico OH en 3 y 24
- Acido Desoxiclico OH en 3 y 12
- Acido Ursodesoxiclico OH en 3-7 y 24
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Hormonas esteroideas
Hormonas sexuales
Testosterona
Estradiol
Cortisol
estimulan la sntesis del glucgeno y la
degradacin de grasas y protenas
Cortisol
Aldosterona
Aldosterona
regulan la excrecin de agua y sales
minerales por las nefronas del rin
Prednisolona
Prednisona
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Eicosanoides
Derivados de acido araquidnico
a. Prostaglandinas
b. Tromboxanos
c. Leucotrienos
Funciones: mediadores del SNC, inflamacin y respuesta inmune, comunicacin celular
actan de forma paracrina :cercano al sitio de sntesis
Fosfolipasa A2
Acido araquidnico
Leucotrieno
Prostaglandina
Tromboxano
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPOPROTEINAS
Son complejos macromoleculares que transportan las grasas por todo el organismo
Esfricas, hidrosolubles
NUCLEO Colesterol esterificado y triglicridos
CAPA EXTERNA Apoprotenas, fosfolpidos y colesterol libre
Apolipoproteinas
Buenas
Malas
Quilomicrn
Y
Quilomicron
remanente
VLDL
Lipoprotena
de muy baja
densidad
IDL
Lipoprotena
de densidad
intermedia
LDL
Lipoprotena
de baja
densidad
HDL
Lipoprotena
de alta
densidad
Colesterol
Fosfolpidos
Triacilgliceroles y esteres de
colesterol
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Triacilgliceroles
Glicerol
Acido Graso
Acido Graso
Acido Graso
Simples
complejos
Plasmalgeno
Esfingomielina
Glucolipidos neutros
Cerebrsidos
Globosidos
Ganglisidos
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Esfingolpidos
Esfingolipidos
Galactolpidos
PO4
Alcohol
PO4
Alcohol
Mono u
Oligosacarido
Glicerol
Acido Graso
Glicerol
Acido Graso
Esfingosina
Esfingosina
Glicerol
Difitanil
Acido Graso
Acido Graso
Acido Graso
Procariotes
Acido Graso
Mono u
Oligosacarido
PO4
Glicerol
Glicerofosfolipidos
Glucolipidos
Glicerol
Fosfolipidos
Difitanil
Enlace eter
SO4
PO4
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
grupos ditifanil
glicerol
glicerol
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Glicolpido
Bicapa lipidica
Cabeza polar de
fosfolipidos
Protena perisfrica
Esteroles
Protena integral
(nico dominio transmembrana)
Protena unida
covalentemente a lpido
Protena integral
(varios dominios transmembrana)
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Plasmatica
Mitocondrial
interna
Mitocondrial
externa
Lisosomal
Colesterol
Esfingolpidos
Cardiolipina
Lipidos
menores
Fosfatidilcolina
Nuclear
Fosfatidiletanolamina
RE rugoso
RE liso
Aparato de
golgi
% Lpido en membrana
Tipo de esterol
Otros lpidos
19
Colesterol
Galactolipidos, plasmalgenos
27
25
Colesterol
47
26
Sitosterol
Galactolipidos
Levadura
52
Ergosterol
56
40
Stigmasterol
E. coli
75
25
Protena
Fosfolpido
Esterol
Mielina humana
30
30
Hgado de ratn
45
Hoja de maiz
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Digestin en
Estomago
Digestin en
Intestino
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPASA LINGUAL
Glicoproteina hidrofbica
Especifica para TG cadena corta sn-3 no sn-2
Parcialmente inhibible por sales biliares
pH cido
Resistente a pepsina
No hidroliza esteres de fosfoglicridos
No hidroliza esteres de colesterol
Baja actividad
AG
pH
aminocidos
Secrecin de
COLECISTOCININA
(mucosa intestinal)
VESICULA BILIAR
Bilis sales biliares
Secrecin
VESICULA BILIAR
PANCREAS
PANCREAS
Lipasa pancretica
Fosfolipasa A2
Colesterol esterasa
colipasa
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Hidrlisis
Difunden los
productos de la
hidrlisis
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
DIETA Lipasas
TG
AG + Glicerol
Reesterificacin
-oxidacin
Mitocondria
TG
Alm
ac
e
ACETIL CoA
ATP
na
TG
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Colesterol
Acido Tauroclico
Acido Glcoclico
Almacenamiento
Liberan
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Vescula biliar
Miocito o
adipocito
Intestino
delgado
Lipoprotein lipasa
Capilares
Mucosa
intestinal
6. La lipoprotein lpasa
activada por apoC II en los
capilares convierte
triailgliceridos en acidos
grasos y glicerol
5. Los quilomicrones se
mueven a travs del sistema
linftico y la sangre a los
tejidos
Quilomicron
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Quilomicrn
y
Quilomicron
remanente
Sintetizadas en intestino
Transportan TG de la dieta
provenientes de la absorcin
intestinal en la sangre hacia los
tejidos
Apo CII Apo 48
VLDL
Lipoprotena de muy
baja densidad
LDL
Lipoprotena de baja
densidad
HDL
Lipoprotena de alta
densidad
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
METABOLISMO
Liplisis vs Lipognesis
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPOLISIS
LIPOGENESIS
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPOLISIS
Degradacin
Acidos grasos
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
-oxidacin
Mitocondria
ACIDO GRASO
ACETIL CoA
CAT
CO2 + H2O
1. Oxidacin de AG de
cadena
larga
Acetil CoA
Hgado
Coenzimas reducidas
FADH2
NADH
Cadena
respiratori
a
Cuerpos
Cetnicos
2. Oxidacin de Acetil
3.
Transferencia
ATP
de
electrones a la cadena
respiratoria
tricarboxilicos
mitocondrial
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
1. OXIDACION
iva
ci
n
2. HIDRATACION
3. OXIDACION
4. TIOLISIS
ACETIL CoA
CAT
CO2 + H2O
Cadena
respiratoria
Hgado
ATP
Cuerpos
Cetnicos
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Acilo graso
Acil graso-Coa sintetasa
Pirofosfatasa
inorgnica
Acil graso-Coa
sintetasa
Acil graso-Coa
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Membrana externa
mitocondrial
Citosol
Membrana interna
mitocondrial
Espacio
intermembrana
Carnitina
Matrix
Acil carnitin
transferasa II
Carnitina
Carnitina
Carnitina
Acil carnitin
transferasa I
Transportador
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Acil-CoA
deshidrogenasa
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
2. HIDRATACION
Enoil-CoA
Hidratasa
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Hidroxiacil-CoA
deshidrogenasa
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
4. TIOLISIS
Tiolasa
Separacin del 3-cetoacil CoA por el grupo tiol de otra molcula de CoA
El tiol es insertado entre C-2 y C-3
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Acil-CoA
deshidrogenasa
Enoil CoA
hidratasa
CICLO
Deshidrogenacin
Hidratacin
Deshidrogenacin
Lisis
-hidroxiacil-CoA
deshidrogenasa
Acil-CoA
acetiltransferasa
(tiolasa)
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Etapa 2
-oxidacin
8 Acetil-CoA
Etapa 3
Cadena de
transferencia de
electrones
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
RENDIMIENTO ENERGETICO
- oxidacin de cidos grasos
Acido Palmtico: 16C
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
RENDIMIENTO ENERGETICO
- oxidacin de cidos grasos
Acido Palmtico: 16C
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
RENDIMIENTO ENERGETICO
- oxidacin de cidos grasos
7 NADH que en la cadena respiratoria generan 2,5 ATP cada uno .......
7 FADH2 que en la cadena respiratoria generan 1,5 ATP cada uno ..
8 acetil-CoA que ingresan en el Ciclo de Krebs y generan 10 ATP ......................
2 ATP menos, dados en la activacin del cido graso...................................
17,5
10,5
80
- 2 ATP
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
-oxidacin
Mitocondria
ACETIL CoA
CAT
CO2 + H2O
OXIDACION
HIDRATACION
3.
4.
OXIDACION
TIOLISIS
Cadena
respiratoria
Hgado
Cuerpos
Cetnicos
OXIDACION
HIDRATACION
3.
4.
ATP
OXIDACION
TIOLISIS
INSATURACION
Isomerasa Hidratasa - Epimerasa
OXIDACION
HIDRATACION
3.
4.
OXIDACION
TIOLISIS
PROPIONIL CoA
3 enzimas Succinil CoA
Peroxisomas - Glioxisomas
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Peroxisoma / Glioxisoma
Diferencia
los dos
procesos
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
-oxidacin
(tres ciclos)
OXIDACION
HIDRATACION
3.
4.
2- 2-enoil-CoA isomerasa
OXIDACION
TIOLISIS
INSATURACION
Isomerasa Hidratasa - Epimerasa
-oxidacin
(cinco ciclos)
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
OXIDACION
HIDRATACION
3.
4.
OXIDACION
TIOLISIS
INSATURACION
Isomerasa Hidratasa - Epimerasa
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
1.
2.
OXIDACION
HIDRATACION
3.
Propionil- CoA
carboxilasa
4.
OXIDACION
TIOLISIS
PROPIONIL CoA
3 enzimas Succinil CoA
D-metil-malonil-CoA
Metil-malonil
epimerasa
Metil-malonil
CoA mutasa
L-metilmalonil-CoA
Succinil-CoA
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Bacterias gram-negativas
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
DESTINO DE LA ACETIL-COA
Ciclo de Krebs
Sntesis de
colesterol
ACETIL-COA
Sntesis de cuerpos
cetnicos
Sntesis de
cidos grasos
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
REUTILIZAN
-OXIDACION
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
DEGRADACION
EN EL CITOSOL
GLICOLISIS
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPOGENESIS
Sntesis de lpidos
Acidos grasos
Triglicridos
Fosfoglicridos
Colesterol
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPOGENESIS
ATP
AcetilCoa Carboxilasa
Biotina
NADPH
Acido graso sintasa
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Gliclisis
Piruvato
-oxidacin
ACETILCoA
AcetilCoa
Acetil-Carnitina
AcetilCoa
Citrato
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Citosol
Membrana interna
mitocondrial
Espacio
intermembrana
Carnitina
Matrix
Acil carnitin
transferasa II
Carnitina
Carnitina
Carnitina
Acil carnitin
transferasa I
Transportador
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
CITRATO
Membrana
externa
Membrana
interna
Matrix
Citosol
Transportador
de citrato
Glucosa
Citrato
Citrato
Sntesis de
cidos grasos
Piruvato
Acetil-CoA
Acetil-CoA
Aminocidos
Oxaloacetato
Oxaloacetato
Malato
Transportador
malato--KG
Piruvato
Piruvato
Transportador
de piruvato
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
NADPH
Oxaloacetato
Malato
Isocitrato
Oxoglutarato
Va de las
pentosas
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPOGENESIS
Sntesis de cidos grasos
Esterificacion de AG para formar TG
INDUCIDO POR
PALMITATO LIBRE
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPOGENESIS
8AcetilCoA + 14NADH + 14H + + 7ATP Palmitato + 14NADH+ + 7ADP + 7Pi + 8 CoASH + 6H2O
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPOGENESIS
1. Formacin de Malonil Coa Acetil-CoA carboxilasa
Biotina
carboxilasa
Protena
transportadora
de Biotina
REGIONES FUNCIONALES
- Protena transportadora de Biotina
- Biotina carboxilasa
Activacin del CO2
- Transcarboxilasa
Producin de MalonilCoA
CO2 de biotina a acetil-CoA
Transcarbox
ilasa
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPOGENESIS
2. Formacin de Palmitato Acido Graso Sintetasa
-cetoacil-ACP sintasa
Acetil-CoA
transacetilasa
Enoil-ACP reductasa
Malonil-CoA- ACP
transferasa
-cetoacil-ACP
reductasa
-hidroxiacil-ACP
dehidratasa
Componente
Funcin
LIPOGENESIS
1. Formacin de Malonil Coa Acetil-CoA carboxilasa
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPOGENESIS
2. Formacin de Palmitato Acido Graso Sintetasa
1. CONDENSACION
2. REDUCCION
3. DEHIDRATACION
4. REDUCCION
5. TRANSLOCACION
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPOGENESIS
ENZIMA CARGADA
Unin de Acetil CoA y Malonil CoA a
Acido Graso Sintasa
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPOGENESIS
1. CONDENSACION
Condensacin del acetil y malonil activados
para formar acetoacetil-ACP produciendo CO2
-cetoacil-ACP sintasa (KS)
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPOGENESIS
2. REDUCCION
Reduccin del grupo carbonilo
donador de electrones: NADPH
-cetoacil-ACP reductasa (KR)
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPOGENESIS
3. DESHIDRATACION
Remocin de agua
-hidroxiacil-ACP dehidratasa (HD)
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPOGENESIS
4. REDUCCION
Reduccin del doble enlace
Donador de electrones: NADPH
enoil-ACP reductasa (ER)
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPOGENESIS
5. TRANSLOCACION
-cetoacil-ACP sintasa (KS)
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPOGENESIS
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPOGENESIS
7 Ciclos
8AcetilCoA + 14NADH + 14H + + 7ATP Palmitato + 14NADH+ + 7ADP + 7Pi + 8 CoASH + 6H2O
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
LIPOGENESIS
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Levaduras
Siete actividades en dos
polipptidos separados
Vertebrados
Siete actividades en un
gran polipptido
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
REGULACION DE LA LIPOGENESIS
1. Regulacion alostrica
Acetil CoA carboxilasa malonil solo en sintesis de acidos grasos
Acil-CoA carnitina aciltransferasa I impide translocacion de acilCoA de mitocondria
a citosol para la -oxidacin
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
REGULACION DE LA LIPOGENESIS
2. Control hormonal
Acetil CoA carboxilasa por fosforilacin y defosforilacin
Induce la sntesis
de cidos grasos
Inhibicin de la
sntesis de cidos
grasos
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
REGULACION DE LA LIPOGENESIS
3. Expresion gnica por la dieta
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
REGULACION DE LA LIPOGENESIS:
ACETILCoA CARBOXILASA
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Regulacin..
LIPOGENESIS
LIPOLISIS
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Retculo endoplasmtico
Alarga la cadena de la acil-CoA de grasas
saturadas e insaturadas (de C 10 hacia arriba)
Por dos carbonos usando malonil CoA como
donador de acetilo y NADPH como reductor
La adicin de grupos acetilo es catalizado por
la del retculo endoplsmico
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
BIOSINTESIS DE TRIGLICERIDOS
Higado
Fosfolpidos
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Biosntesis de Colesterol
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Biosntesis de Colesterol
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Biosntesis de Colesterol
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Biosntesis de Colesterol
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Biosntesis de Colesterol
3. Condensacin de
seis unidades de
isopreno activadas a
Escualeno
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Biosntesis de Colesterol
4. Conversin de Escualeno en
un ncleo esteroideo de cuatro
anilos
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Biosntesis de Colesterol
5. Sntesis de Esteres de
colesterol
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Biosntesis de Colesterol
COLESTEROL
Hormonas
esteroideas
Esteres de colesterol
Sales biliares
Acil-CoA-colesterol acil
transferasa (ACAT)
Transporte de colesterol por
liporpoteinas
Hidrofilicas
Digestin
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
HMG-CoA reductasa
Glucagon + fosforilacin
inactiva
Insulina + defosforilacin
activa
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
CETOGENESIS
Formacin de cuerpos cetnicos
Acetil CoA
- oxidacin de AG
Formacin de cuerpos
cetnicos
HIGADO
Acetona
Acetoacetato
D--hidroxibutirato
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
CETOGENESIS
Formacin de cuerpos cetnicos
Acetil CoA
- oxidacin de AG
Formacin de cuerpos
cetnicos
HIGADO
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
CETOGENESIS
Carbohidratos
de la dieta
Protenas de la
dieta
Glucosa
Aminocidos
Insulina
ACETIL-CoA
Incrementado en diabetes
Cuerpos cetnicos
(acetoacetato, D-hidroxibutirato, acetona)
Acidos grasos
Triacilgliceridos
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
CETOGENESIS
Tiolasa
Acetoacetato
HMG-CoA
sintasa
Es exhalado o
excretado como
desecho
Acetona
HMG-CoA
liasa
Acetoacetato
decarboxilasa
No es una cetona,
pero es la fuente
combustible
D--hidroxibutirato
deshidrogenasa
D--hidroxibutirato
Acetona
D--hidroxibutirato
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Tejidos
extrahepticos
Tioforasa
acetoactica
Tiocinasa
acetoactica
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
SANGRE
Acil-CoA
TEJIDOS EXTRAHEPATICOS
AGL
Glucosa
Glucosa
Acetil-CoA
ORINA
Acetil-CoA
Acetil-CoA
Cuerpos
cetnicos
Ciclo del
cido ctrico
Cuerpos cetnicos
Cuerpos
cetnicos
Acetona
Ciclo del
cido ctrico
PULMONES
2CO2
2CO2
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
a.
Msculo esqueltico
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
DISLIPIDEMIAS
Trastorno en el metabolismo de los lpidos, en el cual se modifican los valores
normales de lpidos en sangre ya sea colesterol o triglicridos, en forma
independiente o ambos.
Colesterol > 200 mg/dL HIPERCOLESTEROLEMIA
Trigliceridos > 150 mg/dL HIPERTRIGLICERIDEMIA
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.
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Nelson. D., Cox. M. 2000. Lehninger: principles of Biochemistry. Third Ed. Worth Publishers.
Murray. R., Granner. D., Mayes. P., Rodwell. V. 2003. Harpers Illustrated Biochemistry. 26th. Ed. Mc Graw Hill Inc.