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spectrometer. This coupling allows one to focus IR radiation onto a detector, and to view and
position the sample. The essential features required to perform these aforementioned functions
include an optical microscopic system for viewing the sample and reflective optics for imaging the
IR radiation. in addition, the system contains one or more remote apertures used for defining the
sample area of interest. Specific details concerning the design of infrared microscope accessories
have been adequately reviewed elsewhere.
Perhaps another definition of IR microspectroscopy is the study of how infrared radiation interacts
with microscopic particulates. Indeed, diffraction, refraction, reflection, and absorption
effects(which result from the interaction of IR radiation with microscopic samples) routinely play a
much more important role in microspectroscopy than in its macroscopic counterpart.
Consequently, by virtue of size, the microscopic sample is an integral part of the
microspectrometer. One must therefore consider how to minimize these effects by altering the
sample or by changing instrumental parameters in order to obtain the most representative,
meaningful spectra possible.
Infrared microspectroscopy is a versatile technique and the microscope a versatile accessory; both
permit a wide range of samples to be studied. In this chapter, the basic experiments which can be
done with an IR microscope will be examined, along with the unwanted optical effects from
microscopic samples, how they affect each experiment, and how to correct them by proper
sampling. Then, sample purity and homogeneity will be addressed. Finally, additional instrumental
parameters affecting performance and other special sampling techniques will be mentioned.
“La American Society of Testing and Materials ha sugerido que, al publicar los resultados de un
estudio microespectroscópico por infrarrojos, se indiquen los siguientes parámetros: la superficie
de la muestra analizada; el tamaño y el tipo de elemento detector; el modo (reflexión o
transmisión) en que se obtuvieron los espectros; la geometría de la muestra y el método de
preparación; la forma, la ubicación y el tipo de aberturas de enmascaramiento utilizadas. Además,
debe indicarse la resolución espectral, el tiempo de recogida de datos, la naturaleza del espectro
de fondo y cualquier manipulación informática del espectro.”