UNIVERSIDADE POLITÉCNICA

A POLITÉCNICA

ESCOLA SUPERIOR DE ESTUDOS UNIVERSITÁRIOS DE

NAMPULA

Curso: Engenharia Informática e de Telecomunicações

Disciplina: Analise Matematica III

Nome: Kelton Cassamo Canhe Nathu

1. Determine a natureza das series dadas, aplicando o critério

D´Alembert.

A)

∞
1
∑
𝑛(𝑛 + 2)
𝑛≥1

1 1
an= 𝑛(𝑛+2) ; an+1= (𝑛+1)(𝑛+3)

𝑎𝑛 + 1
lim | |
𝑛→∞ 𝑎𝑛

1
(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 3) 1 𝑛(𝑛 + 2)
= lim | | = lim | ∗ |
𝑛→∞ 1 𝑛→∞ (𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 3) 1
𝑛(𝑛 + 2)
𝑛(𝑛 + 2) 𝑛2 + 2𝑛
= lim | | = lim | 2 |
𝑛→∞ (𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 3) 𝑛→∞ 𝑛 + 4𝑛 + 3
2𝑛
𝑛2 (1 + 2 )
= lim | 𝑛 | = lim |1| = lim |1| = 1
𝑛→∞ 4𝑛 3 𝑛→∞ 1 𝑛→∞
𝑛2 ( 2 + 2 )
𝑛 𝑛

R: Desse modo nada podemos afirmar com o resultado igual a 1.

B)

∞
1
∑
𝑛(𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 6)
𝑛=1
 1 1
an= ; an+1= (𝑛+1)(𝑛+4)(𝑛+7)
𝑛(𝑛+3)(𝑛+6)

𝑎𝑛+1
lim | |
𝑛→∞ 𝑎𝑛

1
(𝑛+1)(𝑛+4)(𝑛+7) 1 𝑛(𝑛+3)(𝑛+6)
= lim | 1 | = lim |(𝑛+1)(𝑛+4)(𝑛+7) ∗ |=
𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞ 1
𝑛(𝑛+3)(𝑛+6)
𝑛(𝑛+3)(𝑛+6) 𝑛(𝑛2 +9𝑛+18)
lim |(𝑛+1)(𝑛+4)(𝑛+7)| = lim |(𝑛+1)(𝑛2 |=
𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞ +11𝑛+28)
𝑛3 +9𝑛2 +18𝑛
lim | |
𝑛→∞ 𝑛3 +11𝑛2 +28𝑛+𝑛2 +11𝑛+28
9𝑛2 18𝑛
𝑛3 +9𝑛2 +18𝑛 𝑛3 (1+ 3 + 3 ) 1
𝑛 𝑛
= lim | | = lim | 12𝑛2 39𝑛 28
| = lim |1| =
𝑛→∞ 𝑛3 +12𝑛2 +39𝑛+28 𝑛→∞ 𝑛3 (1+ 3 + 3 + 3 ) 𝑛→∞
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛

lim |1| = 1
𝑛→∞
𝑅: Desse modo nada podemos afirmar com o resultado igual a 1.

C)

∞
1
∑
𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 4)
𝑛≥1

1 1
an= ; an+1= (𝑛+1)(𝑛+2)(𝑛+3)(𝑛+4)(𝑛+5)
𝑛(𝑛+1)(𝑛+2)(𝑛+3)(𝑛+4)

1
𝑎𝑛+1 (𝑛+1)(𝑛+2)(𝑛+3)(𝑛+4)(𝑛+5)
lim | | = lim | 1 |=
𝑛→∞ 𝑎𝑛 𝑛→∞ 𝑛(𝑛+1)(𝑛+2)(𝑛+3)(𝑛+4)
1 𝑛(𝑛+1)(𝑛+2)(𝑛+3)(𝑛+4)
lim |(𝑛+1)(𝑛+2)(𝑛+3)(𝑛+4)(𝑛+5) ∗ | =
𝑛→∞ 1
𝑛(𝑛+1)(𝑛+2)(𝑛+3)(𝑛+4) 𝑛 𝑛
lim |(𝑛+1)(𝑛+2)(𝑛+3)(𝑛+4)(𝑛+5)| = lim |(𝑛+5)| = lim | 5 |=
𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞ 𝑛(1+ )
𝑛
lim |1| = lim = 1
𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞

R: Desse modo nada podemos afirmar com o resultado igual a 1.

2. Verifique se a série é divergente ou convergente pelo teste da integral.
A) .

∞
2𝑛
∑
1 + 𝑛2
𝑛=1

𝑡
2𝑛
lim ∫ 𝑑𝑛
𝑡→∞ 1 1 + 𝑛2
𝑡 2𝑛
= lim ∫ 𝑛𝑑𝑛
𝑡→∞ 1 1 + 𝑛2

Assim sendo:
U= 1+𝑛2
du= 2ndn
𝑑𝑢
= ndn
2
𝑡2 𝑑𝑢 𝑡1
𝑡
= lim ∫ ∗= lim ∫ 𝑑𝑢 = lim (|𝑢|)|𝑡1 = lim [ln(|1 + 𝑛2 |)]1
𝑡→∞ 1 𝑢 2 𝑡→∞ 1 𝑢 𝑡→∞ 𝑡→∞

= lim [ln (|1 + 𝑡2 |) − ln (|1 + 12 |)]

𝑡→∞
= lim [ln(|1 + ∞2 |) − ln(|2|)] = lim [∞ − ln(|2|)]
𝑡→∞ 𝑡→∞
= lim ∞ = ∞
𝑡→∞

R: com base no resultado a serie diverge.

B)

∞
1
∑
𝑛=1
√2𝑛 + 1

𝑡
1
lim ∫ 𝑑𝑛
𝑡→∞ 1 √2𝑛 + 1
Assim sendo:

U= 2n+1
Du= 2dn
𝑑𝑢
=dn
2
 𝑡 1 𝑑𝑢 𝑡 1 1 𝑡 1
lim ∫1 ∗ = lim ∫1 𝑑𝑢 = ∗ lim (2√𝑢)|1 = ∗
𝑡→∞ √𝑢 2 𝑡→∞ 2√𝑢 2 𝑡→∞ 2
𝑡 1 1
lim (2√2𝑛 + 1)|1 = ∗ lim [2√2𝑡 + 1 − 2√2.1 + 1] = ∗
𝑡→∞ 2 𝑡→∞ 2
1 1
lim [2√2. ∞ + 1 − 2√2 + 1] = ∗ lim [2√∞ − 2√3] = ∗
𝑡→∞ 2 𝑡→∞ 2
1 1 ∞
lim (∞ − 2√3) = ∗ lim ∞ = ∗∞= =∞
𝑡→∞ 2 𝑡→∞ 2 2

R: com base no resultado a serie diverge.

3. Usando o critério da raiz, estuda as seguintes series quanto a convergência

absoluta.

A)

∞ 2𝑛
3𝑛2
∑( 2 )
8𝑛 + 9
𝑛=1
𝑡 𝑡
2𝑛 2
lim ∫ 2
𝑑𝑛 = lim ∫ 𝑛𝑑𝑛
𝑛→∞ 1 1 + 𝑛 𝑛→∞ 1 1 + 𝑛2

Assim sendo :

U= 1+𝑛2
Du= 2ndn
𝑑𝑢
= 𝑛𝑑𝑛
2

𝑡2 𝑑𝑢 𝑡1
lim ∫1 ∗ = lim ∫1 𝑑𝑢 = lim [ln(|𝑢|)]|1𝑡 = lim [ln(|1 + 𝑛2 |)]|1𝑡 =
𝑛→∞ 𝑢 2 𝑛→∞ 𝑢 𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞
lim [ln(|1 + 𝑡 2 |) − ln(|1 + 12 |)] = lim [ln(|1 + ∞|) − ln(|2|)] =
𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞
lim [∞ − ln(2)] = lim ∞ = ∞
𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞

R: Com base no resultado a serie converge.

 B)

∞ ∞
2𝑛 + 100 𝑛
𝑛
2𝑛 + 100 𝑛
∑(−1) ∗ ( ) = ∑ |[(−1) ∗ ( )] |
3𝑛 + 1 3𝑛 + 1
𝑛=1 𝑛=1
∞
2𝑛 + 100 𝑛 2𝑛 + 100 𝑛
= ∑ ||( ) || ; 𝑢𝑛 = ( )
3𝑛 + 1 3𝑛 + 1
𝑛=1

𝑛
𝑛
𝑛 2𝑛 + 100 2𝑛 + 100
lim √𝑢𝑛 = lim √( ) = lim
𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞ 3𝑛 + 1 𝑛→∞ 3𝑛 + 1
100
𝑛 (2 +
= lim
𝑛 ) = lim 2 = 2
𝑛→∞ 1 𝑛→∞ 3 3
𝑛 (3 + )
𝑛
2
< 1 → 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒
3

4. Encontre o raio de convergência e o intervalo de convergência da

série.
A)

∞
3𝑛 ∗ 𝑥 𝑛
∑ 𝑛
5 (1 + 𝑛2 )
𝑛=0

3𝑛 ∗𝑥 𝑛 3𝑛+1 ∗𝑥 𝑛+1 𝑎𝑛+1

an= ; an+1 = ; lim | |
5𝑛 (1+𝑛2 ) 5𝑛+1 (2+𝑛2 ) 𝑛→∞ 𝑎𝑛

3𝑛+1 ∗𝑥𝑛+1
5𝑛+1 (2+𝑛2 ) 3𝑛+1 ∗𝑥 𝑛+1 5𝑛 (1+𝑛2 ) 3𝑥(1+𝑛2 )
lim | 3𝑛 ∗𝑥𝑛 | = lim |5𝑛+1(2+𝑛2 ) ∗ | = lim | | =
𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞ 3𝑛 ∗𝑥 𝑛 𝑛→∞ 5(2+𝑛2 )
5 (1+𝑛2 )
𝑛
1
3𝑥 (1+𝑛2 ) 3𝑥 𝑛2 (1+ 2 ) 3𝑥 3𝑥 3𝑥
𝑛
lim | |= lim | 2 |= lim |1| = lim | | = | |
5 𝑛→∞ (2+𝑛2 ) 5 𝑛→∞ 𝑛2 (1+ 2 ) 5 𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞ 5 5
𝑛

3𝑥
-1< <1
5
5 3𝑥 5
- < <
3 5 3

5
Quando , X= -3 ,
 ∞ 5 ∞ 5 𝑛 ∞
3𝑛 ∗ (− 3 )𝑛 [3 ∗ (− 3)]
(−5)𝑛
∑ 𝑛 =∑ 𝑛 =∑ 𝑛
5 (1 + 𝑛2 ) 5 (1 + 𝑛2 ) 5 (1 + 𝑛2 )
𝑛=0 𝑛=0 𝑛=0
∞ 𝑛 ∞
1 5 1
=∑ 2
∗ (− ) = ∑ ∗ (−1)𝑛
1+𝑛 5 1 + 𝑛2
𝑛=0 𝑛=0

1 1
 An> 𝑎𝑛 + 1 → 1+𝑛2 > 2+𝑛2 , 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒

5
Quando , X= 3 ,

∞ 5 ∞ 5 ∞ ∞
3𝑛 ∗ (3 )𝑛 5𝑛(3 ∗ 3)𝑛 1
∑ 𝑛 2
= ∑ 𝑛 2
=∑ 𝑛 2
=∑
5 (1 + 𝑛 ) 5 (1 + 𝑛 ) 5 (1 + 𝑛 ) 1 + 𝑛2
𝑛=0 𝑛=0 𝑛=0 𝑛=0

5 5
 P= 2 → 2 > 1, 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 [− 3 ; 3]

5. Resolva as seguintes equações diferencias com variáveis separadas ou

separáveis.

𝑑𝑦
A) 9yy´ + 4x = 0 y´=𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
9y𝑑𝑥 + 4𝑥 = 0

∫ 9𝑑𝑦 = − ∫ 4𝑥𝑑𝑥

9𝑦 2 4𝑥 2
=
2 2

𝑑𝑦
B) 𝑦´ = 1 + 𝑦 2 y´=𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
= 1 + 𝑦2
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 = (1 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦

∫ 𝑑𝑥 = ∫(1 + 𝑦2 )𝑑𝑦

𝑥 = ∫ 1𝑑𝑦 = + ∫ 𝑦 2 dy
𝑦3
𝑥 =𝑦+
3
 𝑑𝑦
C) 2(y-1)y´=3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 2 y´=𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
2(y-1)y𝑑𝑥 =3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 2

(2y-2) dy = (3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 2 )dx

∫ (2y − 2) dy = ∫(3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 2 )dx
∫ 2𝑦𝑑𝑦 − ∫ 2𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 3𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 4𝑥𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 2𝑑𝑥
2𝑦 2 3𝑥 2 4𝑥 2
− 2𝑦 = + + 2𝑥
2 3 2

𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 = 𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥

6) Resolva as equações diferenciais da primeira ordem .

4
A) y´ + y = 𝑥 4
𝑥
𝑥
p(x)=
4

q(x)= 𝑥 4

y(x) = 𝑒 − ∫ 𝑝(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 [∫ 𝑞(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 . 𝑒 ∫ 𝑝(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐]

4 4
y(x) = 𝑒 − ∫𝑥𝑑𝑥 [∫ 𝑥 4 𝑑𝑥 . 𝑒 ∫𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐]
1 1
y(x) = 𝑒 −4 ∫𝑥𝑑𝑥 [∫ 𝑥 4 𝑑𝑥 . 𝑒 4 ∫𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐]
𝑥5
y(x) = 𝑒 −4 . 𝑙𝑛|𝑥|
[∫ . 𝑒4 . 𝑙𝑛|𝑥|
+ 𝑐]
5
𝑥5
y(x) = . 𝑒4 . 𝑙𝑛|𝑥|
. 𝑒 −4 . 𝑙𝑛|𝑥|
+ 𝑐 . 𝑒 −4 . 𝑙𝑛|𝑥|
5
𝑥5
y(x) = + c . 𝑒 −4 . 𝑙𝑛|𝑥|
5

2𝑦 1
B) y´ - =
𝑥2 𝑥2
2 1
y´ - 𝑦=
𝑥2 𝑥2
2
p(x)= -
𝑥2
1
q(x) =
𝑥2
y(x) = 𝑒 − ∫ 𝑝(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 [∫ 𝑞(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 . 𝑒 ∫ 𝑝(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑐]
2 2
− ∫ − 2 𝑑𝑥 1 − 2 𝑑𝑥
y(x) = 𝑒 𝑥 [∫ 2
𝑑𝑥 . 𝑒 ∫ 𝑥 + 𝑐]
𝑥
1 1
2 ∫ 2 𝑑𝑥 1 −2 ∫ 2 𝑑𝑥
y(x) = 𝑒 𝑥 [∫ 2
𝑑𝑥 . 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑐]
𝑥

𝑙𝑛|𝑥 2 | 1 𝑙𝑛|𝑥 2 |
y(x) = 𝑒 2 . [∫ 𝑑𝑥 . 𝑒 −2 . + 𝑐]
𝑥2
𝑙𝑛|𝑥 2 | 2
y(x) = 𝑒 2 . [ln|𝑥 2 | . 𝑒 −2.𝑙𝑛|𝑥 | + 𝑐]
𝑙𝑛|𝑥 2 | 𝑙𝑛|𝑥 2 | 2|
y(x)= (ln|𝑥 2 | . 𝑒 −2 . ) . 𝑒2 . + 𝑐 . 𝑒 2𝑙𝑛|𝑥
2|
y(x) = ln|𝑥 2 | + c . 𝑒 2𝑙𝑛|𝑥