Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
INFORME DE LABORATORIO
JUAN CAICEDO
BOGOTA D.C
2022
RESUMEN
INTRODUCCIÓN
OBJETIVOS
Obtener las destrezas necesarias para poder evidenciar las durezas de materiales metálicos.
Tener el conocimiento necesario para realizar ensayos de tracción en materiales metálicos.
Realizar procedimientos especializados en materiales de alta rigidez.
MARCO TEORICO
PROCEDIMIENTO EXPERIMENTAL
MATERIALES Y EQUIPOS
DESARROLLO EXPERIMENTAL
RESULTADOS EXPERIMENTALES
9029.0879 6.8
DesplazamienCarga Deformación iEsfuerzo Ingenli Ai Deformación rEsfuerzo real
0 11.7488 0 0.88988708 24.15 13.202574 0 0.88988708
0.007 13.5014 0.00028986 1.02263392 24.157 13.1987483 0.00028981 1.02293034
0.0155 15.9952 0.00064182 1.21152133 24.1655 13.1941057 0.00064162 1.21229891
0.0245 18.0989 0.00101449 1.37086147 24.1745 13.1891937 0.00101398 1.3722522
0.0361 20.8388 0.00149482 1.57838918 24.1861 13.1828679 0.00149371 1.5807486
0.0485 20.6347 0.00200828 1.56293008 24.1985 13.1761127 0.00200627 1.56606888
0.0618 21.34 0.00255901 1.61635148 24.2118 13.1688748 0.00255574 1.62048773
0.0755 23.2906 0.00312629 1.7640954 24.2255 13.1614275 0.00312142 1.76961048
0.0894 24.374 0.00370186 1.84615515 24.2394 13.1538801 0.00369503 1.85298937
0.1032 25.0131 0.00427329 1.89456238 24.2532 13.1463956 0.00426419 1.9026584
0.1169 25.9044 0.00484058 1.96207194 24.2669 13.1389738 0.0048289 1.97156951
0.1303 27.624 0.00539545 2.09231927 24.2803 13.1317225 0.00538094 2.10360826
0.1437 28.6263 0.00595031 2.16823628 24.2937 13.1244793 0.00593268 2.18113796
0.1576 29.0405 0.00652588 2.19960896 24.3076 13.1169742 0.00650468 2.21396334
0.1713 28.9564 0.00709317 2.19323899 24.3213 13.1095855 0.00706813 2.208796
0.1852 28.1581 0.00766874 2.1327735 24.3352 13.1020975 0.00763948 2.14912918
0.1984 27.4409 0.00821532 2.07845076 24.3484 13.0949944 0.00818176 2.0955259
0.2128 27.1408 0.00881159 2.05572035 24.3628 13.0872544 0.008773 2.07383452
0.2257 26.7297 0.00934576 2.02458248 24.3757 13.0803284 0.00930235 2.04350373
0.2397 26.6487 0.00992547 2.01844731 24.3897 13.0728202 0.00987653 2.03848134
0.2531 26.5676 0.01048033 2.01230457 24.4031 13.0656417 0.01042579 2.03339419
0.2673 26.5947 0.01106832 2.0143572 24.4173 13.0580434 0.01100752 2.03665276
0.2809 26.7567 0.01163147 2.02662753 24.4309 13.0507743 0.01156434 2.05020019
0.2946 26.7897 0.01219876 2.02912705 24.4446 13.04346 0.01212495 2.05387988
0.3082 27.0448 0.0127619 2.04844904 24.4582 13.0362072 0.01268116 2.07459115
0.3214 27.0178 0.01330849 2.04640398 24.4714 13.0291754 0.01322071 2.07363853
0.3356 27.0508 0.01389648 2.04890349 24.4856 13.0216193 0.01380081 2.07737604
0.3491 28.2542 0.01445549 2.14005239 24.4991 13.0144439 0.014352 2.17098789
0.3629 30.871 0.01502692 2.33825616 24.5129 13.0071172 0.01491513 2.37339294
0.3762 33.0078 0.01557764 2.50010339 24.5262 13.0000637 0.01545755 2.5390491
0.3901 34.9103 0.01615321 2.64420408 24.5401 12.9927002 0.01602413 2.68691646
0.4037 37.7103 0.01671636 2.85628393 24.5537 12.9855037 0.01657818 2.90403059
0.4174 40.1831 0.01728364 3.04358074 24.5674 12.9782623 0.01713598 3.09618491
0.4311 42.8389 0.01785093 3.24473849 24.5811 12.971029 0.01769347 3.30266009
0.4453 45.3268 0.01843892 3.43317901 24.5953 12.9635403 0.01827099 3.49648314
0.4584 47.6165 0.01898137 3.60660732 24.6084 12.9566393 0.01880347 3.67506565
0.4719 50.9416 0.01954037 3.85845972 24.6219 12.9495353 0.01935191 3.93385546
0.4856 53.6515 0.02010766 4.06371515 24.6356 12.9423339 0.01990817 4.14542696
0.4995 56.8235 0.02068323 4.30397133 24.6495 12.9350357 0.02047224 4.39299136
0.5134 60.3286 0.0212588 4.56945744 24.6634 12.9277457 0.02103598 4.66659862
0.527 63.2546 0.02182195 4.79108089 24.677 12.9206209 0.02158726 4.8956316
0.5407 66.9818 0.02238923 5.07338948 24.6907 12.9134517 0.02214227 5.18697878
0.5538 70.3219 0.02293168 5.32637802 24.7038 12.9066039 0.0226727 5.4485208
0.5682 74.3642 0.02352795 5.63255317 24.7182 12.899085 0.02325543 5.7650756
0.5814 77.7043 0.02407453 5.88554171 24.7314 12.8922003 0.02378931 6.02723339
0.5955 81.5576 0.02465839 6.17740147 24.7455 12.8848543 0.02435927 6.32972621
0.6089 85.3808 0.02521325 6.46698136 24.7589 12.8778808 0.02490064 6.63003498
0.7324 127.7485 0.03032712 9.67602984 24.8824 12.8139634 0.02987635 9.96947598 0.7457 133.0123
0.03087785 10.0747248 24.8957 12.8071178 0.03041072 10.3858106 0.7597 138.6181 0.03145756
10.4993238 24.9097 12.7999198 0.03097291 10.8296069
0.7863 149.1935 0.03255901 11.3003343 24.9363 12.7862659 0.03204019 11.668262 0.8006 156.3839
0.03315114 11.8449554 24.9506 12.7789377 0.03261349 12.2376291
0.9235 217.7509 0.03824017 16.4930642 25.0735 12.7163006 0.03752713 17.1237617 0.9373 225.6434
0.03881159 17.0908643 25.0873 12.7093056 0.03807736 17.7541879 0.9506 232.3926 0.03936232
17.6020676 25.1006 12.7025713 0.03860737 18.2949258 0.9644 240.8734 0.03993375 18.2444272
25.1144 12.6955915 0.03915701 18.9729955 0.9782 249.2281 0.04050518 18.8772356 25.1282
12.6886192 0.03970634 19.6418614
1.019 273.3379 0.04219462 20.7033795 25.169 12.6680505 0.0413287 21.5769507 1.0328 281.0804
0.04276605 21.2898182 25.1828 12.6611085 0.04187684 22.2002995 1.0463 290.1284 0.04332505
21.9751391 25.1963 12.6543247 0.04241278 22.9272131 1.0601 299.4344 0.04389648 22.6800016
25.2101 12.6473978 0.04296033 23.6755739 1.0737 308.8155 0.04445963 23.3905525 25.2237
12.6405786 0.04349965 24.4304877 1.0872 317.8154 0.04501863 24.0722302 25.2372 12.6338168
0.04403472 25.1559291 1.1015 326.9594 0.04561077 24.7648224 25.2515 12.6266623 0.04460118
25.8943649 1.1146 336.2174 0.04615321 25.4660493 25.2646 12.6201152 0.04511983 26.6413892
1.1285 347.0479 0.04672878 26.2863817 25.2785 12.6131757 0.04566985 27.5147122 1.1419 357.1222
0.04728364 27.0494375 25.2919 12.6064931 0.04619981 28.3284335 1.1565 368.4299 0.0478882
27.9059144 25.3065 12.59922 0.0467769 29.2422784 1.1699 378.4741 0.04844306 28.6666903 25.3199
12.5925522 0.04730627 30.0553926 1.1831 388.9745 0.04898965 29.4620201 25.3331 12.5859907
0.04782746 30.9053541 1.1968 400.3662 0.04955694 30.3248594 25.3468 12.579188 0.04836811
31.8276665
1.2788 469.1577 0.05295238 35.5353206 25.4288 12.538624 0.05159801 37.4170004 1.2925 483.1662
0.05351967 36.5963637 25.4425 12.5318723 0.05213662 38.554989
1.3745 560.9635 0.05691511 42.4889495 25.5245 12.4916125 0.0553544 44.9072129 1.3882 576.1304
0.0574824 43.6377331 25.5382 12.4849113 0.05589099 46.1461348
1.4021 589.9319 0.05805797 44.6830974 25.5521 12.4781197 0.05643512 47.2773074 1.4157 603.3403
0.05862112 45.6986872 25.5657 12.4714818 0.05696723 48.3775954
1.4295 617.823 0.05919255 46.7956476 25.5795 12.4647535 0.05750687 49.5656011 1.4427 631.5525
0.05973913 47.8355584 25.5927 12.4583245 0.05802277 50.6932131 1.4567 647.9828 0.06031884
49.0800355 25.6067 12.4515132 0.05856966 52.0404863 1.4702 663.0477 0.06087785 50.2210933
25.6202 12.4449521 0.05909672 53.2784453 1.4841 678.6828 0.06145342 51.4053396 25.6341
12.4382039 0.05963912 54.5643733
1.6619 893.8048 0.06881573 67.6992835 25.8119 12.3525259 0.06655125 72.3580594 1.6753 911.3455
0.0693706 69.0278653 25.8253 12.3461165 0.06707025 73.8163698 1.6893 931.389 0.06995031
70.5460163 25.8393 12.3394272 0.06761221 75.480732
1.8532 1163.0314 0.07673706 88.0912616 26.0032 12.261651 0.07393523 94.851126 1.8663 1182.4478
0.0772795 89.5619142 26.0163 12.2554768 0.07443888 96.4832144
2.1403 1636.7655 0.08862526 123.973212 26.2903 12.1277491 0.08491567 134.96037 2.1539 1660.002
0.08918841 125.733209 26.3039 12.1214786 0.08543284 136.947154
2.3588 2052.896 0.09767288 155.492103 26.5088 12.0277856 0.09319237 170.679464 2.3733 2081.105
0.09827329 157.628732 26.5233 12.0212101 0.09373921 173.119426 2.3866 2107.0725 0.09882402
159.595583 26.5366 12.0151851 0.09424053 175.36746 2.4004 2133.1179 0.09939545 161.568335
26.5504 12.0089401 0.09476043 177.627492 2.4137 2165.5825 0.09994617 164.027295 26.5637
12.0029274 0.09526124 180.421195
2.4275 2191.4238 0.1005176 165.984588 26.5775 11.996695 0.09578061 182.66896 2.4413 2222.406
0.10108903 168.331266 26.5913 11.9904691 0.09629971 185.34771 2.4551 2250.3452 0.10166046
170.44746 26.6051 11.9842497 0.09681855 187.775226 2.4685 2278.5752 0.10221532 172.585679
26.6185 11.9782167 0.09732208 190.22658 2.4825 2307.5918 0.10279503 174.783478 26.6325
11.9719201 0.09784789 192.750351 2.4958 2335.5068 0.10334576 176.897838 26.6458 11.9659444
0.09834716 195.179479 2.5097 2368.3555 0.10392133 179.385891 26.6597 11.9597056 0.09886868
198.02791
2.947 3356.9043 0.12202899 254.261351 27.097 11.766696 0.11513864 285.288606 2.9603 3388.3003
0.12257971 256.639372 27.1103 11.7609234 0.11562935 288.098152 2.9743 3423.8828 0.12315942
259.33449 27.1243 11.7548531 0.11614562 291.273976
3.015 3525.7842 0.12484472 267.052788 27.165 11.7372414 0.117645 300.392919 3.0291 3559.209
0.12542857 269.584476 27.1791 11.7311523 0.11816392 303.398072 3.0429 3591.5322 0.126
272.032726 27.1929 11.7251989 0.11867153 306.30885
3.357 4408.9292 0.13900621 333.944669 27.507 11.5913099 0.13015614 380.365052 3.3709 4446.3813
0.13958178 336.781396 27.5209 11.5854555 0.13066134 383.789943 3.3845 4480.8179 0.14014493
339.389721 27.5345 11.5797331 0.13115538 386.953468
3.5077 4816.666 0.14524638 364.827798 27.6577 11.5281517 0.13561979 417.817714 3.5212 4853.248
0.14580538 367.598621 27.6712 11.5225275 0.13610778 421.196479
3.672 5276.1606 0.15204969 399.631208 27.822 11.4600734 0.14154269 460.395009 3.6856 5310.936
0.15261284 402.265195 27.8356 11.4544742 0.1420314 463.656027 3.6993 5352.6226 0.15318012
405.422655 27.8493 11.4488394 0.14252345 467.525347 3.7126 5387.1699 0.15373085 408.039364
27.8626 11.4433743 0.14300091 470.767602 3.7268 5429.7295 0.15431884 411.262948 27.8768
11.4375453 0.14351042 474.728569 3.7399 5469.6123 0.15486128 414.283783 27.8899 11.432173
0.14398024 478.440301 3.7541 5507.1035 0.15544928 417.123472 27.9041 11.4263553 0.14448925
481.965013 3.7676 5544.9248 0.15600828 419.988163 27.9176 11.4208299 0.14497293 485.509794
3.7817 5583.0703 0.15659213 422.87741 27.9317 11.4150647 0.14547786 489.096686 3.7947 5627.209
0.15713043 426.220599 27.9447 11.4097543 0.14594318 493.192827
3.9868 6231.2153 0.16508489 471.969731 28.1368 11.3318559 0.15279395 549.8848 3.9868 6231.2153
0.16508489 471.969731 28.1368 11.3318559 0.15279395 549.8848
4.5061 7775.9917 0.18658799 588.97543 28.6561 11.1265023 0.17108195 698.871173 4.5194 7821.916
0.18713872 592.453865 28.6694 11.1213406 0.17154597 703.324921
4.875 8577.1738 0.20186335 649.65921 29.025 10.9850874 0.18387315 780.801598 4.8891 8597.6826
0.2024472 651.212604 29.0391 10.9797536 0.18435882 783.048776 4.9021 8612.7871 0.20298551
652.356662 29.0521 10.9748404 0.18480639 784.77561 4.9157 8632.6387 0.20354865 653.860278
29.0657 10.9697053 0.1852744 786.952657
4.998 8722.749 0.20695652 660.685485 29.148 10.9387321 0.18810192 797.418654 5.0118 8743.3262
0.20752795 662.244059 29.1618 10.9335556 0.18857525 799.678212 5.0248 8755.7441 0.20806625
663.184626 29.1748 10.9286837 0.18902094 801.170966
5.3948 9006.2441 0.22338716 682.158199 29.5448 10.79182 0.20162338 834.543584 5.4082 9012.832
0.22394203 682.657185 29.5582 10.7869276 0.20207682 835.53282
5.586 9010.3291 0.23130435 682.467608 29.736 10.7224294 0.20807405 840.325333 5.5998 9005.209
0.23187578 682.079797 29.7498 10.7174557 0.20853803 840.23758 5.6132 8995.2549 0.23243064
681.325846 29.7632 10.7126304 0.20898835 839.68685 5.6269 8987.9414 0.23299793 680.771901
29.7769 10.7077017 0.20944855 839.390344
5.6408 8976.085 0.2335735 679.873864 29.7908 10.7027056 0.20991524 838.674381 5.6544 8966.1064
0.23413665 679.118057 29.8044 10.6978219 0.21037165 838.124481 5.6678 8957.5391 0.23469151
678.469145 29.8178 10.6930143 0.21082115 837.700095 5.6814 8949.3037 0.23525466 677.845373
29.8314 10.6881394 0.21127715 837.311655 5.6954 8932.0244 0.23583437 676.536591 29.8454
10.6831258 0.21174634 836.08717 5.7093 8917.4844 0.23640994 675.43529 29.8593 10.6781526
0.21221197 835.114905
6.2835 7782.4019 0.26018634 589.460957 30.4335 10.476684 0.2312596 742.830643 6.2975 7747.5186
0.26076605 586.818798 30.4475 10.4718667 0.23171951 739.841215 6.3102 7707.7886 0.26129193
583.809536 30.4602 10.4675006 0.23213653 736.354254
6.325 7675.5161 0.26190476 581.365126 30.475 10.4624171 0.2326223 733.627421 6.3375 7638.9883
0.26242236 578.598408 30.4875 10.4581275 0.23303238 730.435568
Carga (N)
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Elongación (mm)
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25
Deformación Ingenieril
ANALISIS DE RESULTADOS
En este caso podemos evidenciar los resultados obtenidos de la probeta de acero 1020 en la
maquinaria especializada para medir la dureza y esfuerzo de este material, el cual después
será utilizado para alguna máquina.
CONCLUSIONES
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ensayo_de_tracci%C3%B3n
https://material-properties.org/es/tipos-de-dureza-materiales-definicion/#:~:text=En
%20la%20ciencia%20de%20los%20materiales%2C%20la%20dureza,la
%20superficie%20%28deformaci%C3%B3n%20pl%C3%A1stica%20localizada
%29%20y%20el%20rayado.