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LEVANTAMIENTOS TOPOGRÁFICOS
CÓDIGO: 1119894351
TUTOR
CEAD CUMARAL-META
OCTUBRE 2021
INTRODUCCIÓN
Identificar los conceptos de planimetría y altimetría con el fin dar solución a los
ejercicios planteados.
Solucionar los ítems planteados por la guía teniendo en cuenta las medidas
subministradas y aplicar las metodologías.
Ensayo
are both affected byseveral types of random errors and biases (systematic errors). These
errorsmay be classified as those originating at the satellites, those originating atthe receiver,
and those that are due to signal propagation (atmosphericrefraction) shows the various
errors and biases. The errors originating at the satellites include ephemeris, or orbital,
errors, satellite clock errors, and the effect of selective availability. The lat-ter was
intentionally implemented by the U.S. DoD to degrade the autono-mous GPS accuracy for
security reasons. It was, however, terminated atmidnight (eastern daylight time) on May 1,
2000 [2]. The errors originat-ing at the receiver include receiver clock errors, multipath
error, receivernoise, and antenna phase center variations
GPS ephemeris errorsSatellite positions as a function of time, which are included in the
broadcastsatellite navigation message, are predicted from previous GPS observationsat the
ground control stations. Typically, overlapping 4-hour GPS dataspans are used by the
operacional control system to predict fresh satelliteorbital elements for each 1-hour period.
AB N22°E 22
BC S78°E 102°
CD S34°E 146°
DE S65°W 215°
EA N67°W 293°
PUNTO COORDENADAS
N (Y) E (X)
A 3800 2200
B 3802,688 2201,086
C 3801,961 2204,509
D 3799,889 3601,509
E 3797,67 3059,961
Ejercicios
PBN= proyección de b en norte
CBN= coordenada de b en norte
N=cos Azimut∗distancia
E=SenAzimut∗distancia
Distancia
AB 2,9cm
BC 3,5cm
CD 2,5cm
DE 2,7cm
EA 4cm
1. A-B
PBN =cos 22 °∗2,9 Cm
PBN =2688
CBN =CAN + PBN
CBN =3800+2688
CBN =3802,688
PBE=SEN 22 °∗2,9
PBE=1,086
CBE=CAE + PBE
CBE=2200+1,086
CBE=2201,086
2. B-C
PCN =cos 102 °∗3,5
PCN =−0.727
CCN =3801,961
PCE=SEN 102 °∗3,5
PCE=3,423
CCE=2201+3,423
CCE=2204,509
3. C-D
PDN =cos 146 °∗2,5
PDN =−2,072
CDN =3799,889
PDE=SEN 146 °∗2,5
PDE=1.397
CDE=2204,509+1,397
CDE=3061,509
4. D-E
PEN =cos 215 °∗2,7
PEN =−2,211
CEN =3797,67
CEE=SEN 215 °∗2.7
CEE=−1,548
CEE=3601,509+ (−1,548 )
CEE=3059,961
5. EA
PAN =cos 293 °∗4
PAN =1.56
CAN =3797,67+1,56
CAN =3799,23
PAE=SEN 293 °∗4
PAE=−3,682
CAE=3059,961+ (−3,682 )
CAE=3056.279
Referencias bibliográficas
El-Rabbany, A. (2002). Introducción to GPS: The Global Positioning System.
Boston, MA: Artech House, I Capítulo 10: GPS Applications. Recuperado de
https://bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/login?url=https://search-ebscohost-
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