(MOF) Capacidad de Soprte de Fundaciones Superficiales

Univerisidad Técnoliga de Panamá
Facultad de Ingeniería Civil

Lic. Ingeniería Civil
PARTE B - Desarrollo de una Estructura de Acero

Analisis de Las Cargas
- Factores Carga Viva:
kgf kgf kgf
Cpasillo ≔ 500 ―― Coficina ≔ 250 ―― Ctecho ≔ 60 ――
m2 m2 m2
- Factores Carga Muerta:
kgf kgf
Dmuerta ≔ 650 ―― Dtecho ≔ 25 ――
m2 m2
Del manual de Hoopsa para laminas de Metaldeck debemos escoger la que corresponde
al siguiente criterio losa es de Metaldeck de 3" calibre 22 + 3" de concreto de f'c=3 ksi
Dmdeck ≔ 1.67 psf
Para la carga del concreto de

peso normal podemos decir que:
Dconc ≔ 56 psf
kgf
DLosa ≔ Dmdeck + Dconc = 281.57 ――
m2
Para la Columna más critica el área tributaria es:
7.3 m 7.35 m 7.3 m 2.6 m
Anch1 ≔ ――― + ――― = 7.325 m Anch2 ≔ ――― + ――― = 4.95 m
2 2 2 2
At ≔ Anch1 ⋅ Anch2 = 36.259 m 2
lbf
Ÿ -Peso de la Viga W12x19 es: W12X19 ≔ 19 ――
ft
PW12X19 ≔ W12X19 ⋅ Anch1 ⋅ 2 = 0.457 tonf
lbf
Ÿ Peso de la Viga W16x60 es: W16X60 ≔ 60 ――
ft
PW16X60 ≔ W16X60 ⋅ Anch1 ⋅ 2 = 1.442 tonf
lbf lbf
Ÿ Peso de la Viga W16x60 es: W18X60 ≔ 60 ―― W16X36 ≔ 36 ――
ft ft
PVsec ≔ W18X60 ⋅ 3.65 m + W16X36 ⋅ 1.3 m = 0.436 tonf
Plosa ≔ DLosa ⋅ At = 11.254 tonf

Pmrt ≔ Dmuerta ⋅ At = 25.979 tonf
Ptecho ≔ Dtecho ⋅ At = 0.999 tonf
PDead1 ≔ ⎛⎝Plosa + PW12X19 + PW16X60 + PVsec + Pmrt⎞⎠ ⋅ 2 + Ptecho = 80.135 tonf
PLive1 ≔ ⎛⎝Cpasillo + Coficina⎞⎠ ⋅ At ⋅ 2 + Ctecho ⋅ At = 62.351 tonf
Cargas para una Zapata de Borde
Pvigueta ≔ W12X19 ⋅ 7.325 m = 0.228 tonf

PVprincip ≔ W16X60 ⋅ 7.325 m = 0.721 tonf
PVsec ≔ W18X60 ⋅ 1.30 m = 0.128 tonf
Plosa ≔ DLosa ⋅ Anch1 ⋅ 1.3 m = 2.956 tonf

Pmrt ≔ Dmuerta ⋅ Anch1 ⋅ 1.3 m = 6.823 tonf
Ptecho ≔ Dtecho ⋅ Anch1 ⋅ 1.3 m = 2.335 kN
PDead2 ≔ ⎛⎝Plosa + PVsec + PVprincip + Pvigueta + Pmrt⎞⎠ ⋅ 2 + Ptecho = 195.489 kN
PLive2 ≔ ⎛⎝Cpasillo + Coficina⎞⎠ ⋅ 7.325 m ⋅ 1.3 m ⋅ 2 + Ctecho ⋅ 7.325 m ⋅ 1.3 m = 145.679 kN
Capacidad de Carga utlima de fundaciones Superficiales

Geometria de las Fundaciones:
B≔3 m
L≔3 m
Hf ≔ 0.4 m
Dfl ≔ 1.5 m
Dfr ≔ 1.5 m
Dw ≔ 3 m
A ≔ B ⋅ L = 9 m2
Df ≔ min ⎛⎝Dfl , Dfr⎞⎠ = 1.5 m
Condiciones de Carga Para las condiciones más criticas de carga
PD ≔ max ⎛⎝PDead1 , PDead2⎞⎠ = 80.135 tonf
PL ≔ max ⎛⎝PLive1 , PLive2⎞⎠ = 62.351 tonf
PE ≔ 0 tonf
Cargas de Servicio: Pserv ≔ PD + PL + PE = 142.486 tonf
Carga Utima: Pult2 ≔ 1.4 PD = 112.189 tonf

Pult1 ≔ 1.2 ⋅ PD + 1.6 ⋅ PL + PE = 195.923 tonf
Pu ≔ max ⎛⎝Pult1 , Pult2⎞⎠ = 195.923 tonf
Pserv tonf
qserv ≔ ――= 15.832 ――
A m2
βp ≔ 0° ya que no tenemos una inclinación en las cargas
eBx ≔ 0 m
eLy ≔ 0 m
MBx ≔ 0 tonf ⋅ m
MLy ≔ 0 tonf ⋅ m
FS ≔ 3
Propiedades del suelo:

ϕnormal ≔ 30°
ϕ ≔ ϕnormal ⋅ rad = 0.524
Cohesión del suelo: c ≔ 150 kPa

tonf
Peso especifico del suelo: γs ≔ 1.75 ――
m3
tonf
Peso Especifico del suelo Saturado: γsat ≔ 1.8 ――
m3
tonf
Peso especifico del Agua: γw ≔ 1 ――
m3
tonf
Peso especifico del Concreto: γc ≔ 2.4 ――
m3
Debemos tomar en Cuenta que vamos a tener una (q) y (γ) dependiendo de donde se
encuentra nuestra zona del nivel freatico.
Caso I, cuando 0 ≤ Dw ≤ Df D1 ≔ 3 m D2 ≔ min ⎛⎝Dfl , Dfr⎞⎠
qc1 ≔ if 0 ≤ Dw ≤ Df = 0 Pa γ1 ≔ if 0 ≤ Dw ≤ Df
‖ D ⋅ γ + D ⋅ ⎛γ - γ ⎞ ‖γ
‖ 1 s 2 ⎝ sat w⎠ ‖ sat
else else
‖ tonf ‖ tonf
‖ 0 ⋅ ―― ‖ 0 ⋅ ――
‖‖ m2 ‖‖ m3
Caso II, cuando 0 ≤ Dw ≤ B d ≔ Dw - min ⎛⎝Dfl , Dfr⎞⎠ = 1.5 m

tonf tonf
qc2 ≔ if 0 ≤ Dw ≤ B = 2.625 ―― γ2 ≔ if 0 ≤ Dw ≤ B = 1.275 ――
‖γ ⋅D m2 ‖ m3
‖ s f d
‖ ⎛⎝γsat - γw⎞⎠ + ―⋅ ⎛⎝γs - ⎛⎝γsat - γw⎞⎠⎞⎠
else ‖‖ B
‖ tonf else
‖ 0 ⋅ ―― ‖ tonf
‖‖ m2 ‖ 0 ⋅ ――
‖‖ m3
Caso III, cuando B < Dw
kg
γ3 ≔ if B < Dw = 0 ――― qc3 ≔ if B < Dw = 0 Pa
‖γ m2 ⋅ s2 ‖γ ⋅D
‖ s ‖ s f
else else
‖ tonf ‖ tonf
‖ 0 ⋅ ―― ‖ 0 ⋅ ――
‖‖ m3 ‖‖ m2
tonf
q ≔ max ⎛⎝qc1 , qc2 , qc3⎞⎠ = 2.625 ――
m2
tonf
γ ≔ max ⎛⎝γ1 , γ2 , γ3⎞⎠ = 1.275 ――
m3
γs γs
Wf ≔ γc ⋅ A ⋅ Hf + ⎛⎝Dfl - Hf⎞⎠ ⋅ B ⋅ L ⋅ ―+ ⎛⎝Dfr - Hf⎞⎠ ⋅ B ⋅ L ⋅ ―= 25.965 tonf
2 2
Capacidad de Soporte TERZAGHI (1943)
⎛ 2 ⋅ ⎛⎜――
3⋅π ϕ⎞
- ―⎟ ⋅ tan ((ϕ)) ⎞
⎜e ⎝ 4 2⎠ ⎟
Nc ≔ cot (ϕ) ⋅ ⎜―――――― 2
- 1 ⎟ = 37.162
⎜ ⎛π ϕ⎞ ⎟
⎜ 2 ⋅ cos ⎜―+ ―⎟ ⎟
⎝ ⎝4 2⎠ ⎠
⎛3⋅π ϕ⎞
2 ⋅ ⎜――- ―⎟ ⋅ tan ((ϕ))
⎝ 4 2⎠
e
Nq ≔ ―――――― 2
= 22.456
⎛π ϕ⎞
2 ⋅ cos ⎜―+ ―⎟
⎝4 2⎠
De la tabla: Nγ ≔ 19.13
tonf
qu_corrida ≔ c ⋅ Nc + q ⋅ Nq + 0.5 ⋅ γ ⋅ B ⋅ Nγ = 722.116 ――
m2
tonf
qu_cuadrada ≔ 1.3 c ⋅ Nc + q ⋅ Nq + 0.4 ⋅ γ ⋅ B ⋅ Nγ = 902.774 ――
m2
tonf
qu_circular ≔ 1.3 c ⋅ Nc + q ⋅ Nq + 0.3 ⋅ γ ⋅ B ⋅ Nγ = 895.457 ――
m2
tonf
qu ≔ if B < L = 902.774 ――
‖q m2
‖ u_corrida qu
else qadm ≔ ―― = 2677.159 kPa
‖ if B ＝ L FS
‖ if qadm < qserv = “Cumple”
‖ ‖ q
‖ u_cuadrada
‖ ‖ “No Cumple, Corregir (B)”
‖ else ‖
‖ ‖ qu_circular else
‖ ‖ ‖ “Cumple”
‖
Pultm ≔ qu ⋅ A - Wf = 8099 tonf ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
Pserv + Wf
Bcrr ≔ ―――― = 0.748 m
Padm ≔ qadm ⋅ A - Wf = 2682.357 tonf qadm
Capacidad de Soporte MEYERHOF (1963)

-Factores de la capacidad de carga
2
⎛ ϕ⎞ ((π ⋅ tan ((ϕ))))
Nq ≔ tan ⎜45° + ―⎟ ⋅e = 18.401 Nc ≔ ⎛⎝Nq - 1⎞⎠ ⋅ cot ((ϕ)) = 30.14
⎝ 2⎠
Nγ ≔ 2 ⋅ ⎛⎝Nq + 1⎞⎠ ⋅ tan (ϕ) = 22.402
-Factores de Forma
B Nq B B
Fcs ≔ 1 + ―⋅ ――= 1.611 Fqs ≔ 1 + ―⋅ tan ((ϕ)) = 1.577 Fγs ≔ 1 - 0.4 ⋅ ―= 0.6
L Nc L L
-Factores de Profundidad
Df
Condición (a): ― ≤ 1
B
Df 2 D
f
Fcd_a ≔ 1 + 0.4 ⋅ ― = 1.2 Fqd_a ≔ 1 + 2 ⋅ tan ((ϕ) ⋅ ((1 - sin ((ϕ)) ⋅ ― = 1.144
B B
Fγd_a ≔ 1
Df
Condición (b): ― >1
B
⎛ Df ⎞
Fcd_b ≔ 1 + 0.4 ⋅ atan ⎜―⎟ = 1.185 Fγd_b ≔ 1
⎝B⎠
2 ⎛⎛ Df ⎞⎞
Fqd_b ≔ 1 + 2 ⋅ tan (ϕ) ⋅ (1 - sin (ϕ)) ⋅ atan ⎜⎜―⎟⎟ = 1.134
⎝⎝ B ⎠⎠
Df Df Df
Fcd ≔ if ― ≤ 1 = 1.2 Fqd ≔ if ― ≤ 1 = 1.144 Fγd ≔ if ― ≤ 1 = 1
B B B
‖F ‖F ‖F
‖ cd_a ‖ qd_a ‖ γd_a
else else else
‖F ‖F ‖F
‖ cd_b ‖ qd_b ‖ γd_b
-Factores de Inclinación
2 2
⎛ βp ⎞ ⎛ βp ⎞
Fci ≔ ⎜1 - ―― ⎟ =1 Fγi ≔ ⎜1 - ―⎟ = 1 Fqi ≔ Fci = 1
⎝ 90° ⎠ ⎝ ϕ⎠
tonf
qultm ≔ c ⋅ Nc ⋅ Fcs ⋅ Fcd_a ⋅ Fci + q ⋅ Nq ⋅ Fqs ⋅ Fqd_a ⋅ Fqi + 0.5 ⋅ γ ⋅ B ⋅ Nγ ⋅ Fγs ⋅ Fγd_a ⋅ Fγi = 1095.01 ――
m2
qultm tonf
qadm ≔ ――= 365.003 ――
FS m2
if qadm < qserv = “Cumple”
‖ “No Cumple, Corregir (B)”
‖ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
Pserv + Wf
else Bcorregida ≔ ―――― = 0.679 m
‖ “Cumple” qadm
‖
Pultm ≔ qultm ⋅ A - Wf = 9829.127 tonf
Padm ≔ qadm ⋅ A - Wf = 3259.066 tonf

Capacidad de Soporte de VESIC (1973, 1975)

2
⎛ ϕ⎞ ((π ⋅ tan ((ϕ))))
Nq ≔ tan ⎜45° + ―⎟ ⋅e = 18.401
⎝ 2⎠
⎛⎝Nq - 1⎞⎠
Nc ≔ ―――= 30.14
tan ((ϕ))
Nγ ≔ 2 ⋅ ⎛⎝Nq + 1⎞⎠ ⋅ tan ((ϕ)) = 22.402
-Factores de Forma
B Nq B B
Sc ≔ 1 + ―⋅ ――= 1.611 Sq ≔ 1 + ―⋅ tan ((ϕ)) = 1.577 Sγ ≔ 1 - 0.4 ⋅ ―= 0.6
L Nc L L
Df
k ≔ if ― ≤ 1 = 0.5
B
‖D
‖― f
‖‖ B dc ≔ 1 + 0.4 ⋅ k = 1.2
else 2
‖ ⎛ Df ⎞ dq ≔ 1 + 2 ⋅ k ⋅ tan (ϕ) ⋅ (1 - sin (ϕ)) = 1.144
‖ atan ⎜― ⎟
‖‖ ⎝B⎠ dγ ≔ 1
-Factores de Inclinación de la Fundación α ≔ 0°

2
⎛ α ⎞ ⎛ α ⋅ tan ((ϕ)) ⎞
bc ≔ ⎜1 - ―― ⎟=1 bq ≔ ⎜1 - ―――― ⎟ =1 bγ ≔ bq = 1
⎝ 147° ⎠ ⎝ 57° ⎠
-Factores de Inclinación del Terreno β ≔ 0°

⎛ β ⎞ 2
gc ≔ ⎜1 - ―― ⎟=1 gq ≔ ((1 - tan ((β)) = 1 gγ ≔ gq = 1
⎝ 147° ⎠
-Factores de Inclinación de Carga

Carga en la Dirección B Carga en la Dirección L
B L
2+― 2+―
L B
m' ≔ ―― = 1.5 m' ≔ ―― = 1.5
B L
1+― 1+―
L B
ic ≔ 1 iq ≔ 1 iγ ≔ 1
tonf
qultm ≔ c ⋅ Nc ⋅ Sc ⋅ dc ⋅ ic ⋅ gc + q ⋅ Nq ⋅ Sq ⋅ dq ⋅ iq ⋅ gq + 0.5 ⋅ γ ⋅ B ⋅ Nγ ⋅ Sγ ⋅ dγ ⋅ iγ ⋅ gγ = 1095.01 ――
m2
qultm tonf
qadm ≔ ――= 365.003 ――
FS m2
Capacidad de Soporte REP-14

2
⎛ ϕ⎞ ((π ⋅ tan ((ϕ))))
Nq ≔ tan ⎜45° + ―⎟ ⋅e = 18.401 Nc ≔ ⎛⎝Nq - 1⎞⎠ ⋅ cot ((ϕ)) = 30.14
⎝ 2⎠
Nγ ≔ ⎛⎝Nq - 1⎞⎠ ⋅ tan ((1.4 ϕ)) = 15.668
-Factores de Forma
2 2
⎛ ϕ⎞ B ⎛ ϕ⎞ B
Sc ≔ 1 + 0.2 ⋅ tan ⎜45° + ―⎟ ⋅ ―= 1.6 Sq ≔ 1 + 0.1 ⋅ tan ⎜45° + ―⎟ ⋅ ―= 1.3
⎝ 2⎠ L ⎝ 2⎠ L
Sγ ≔ Sq = 1.3
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ 2 ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ 2
⎛ ϕ ⎞ Df ⎛ ϕ ⎞ Df
dc ≔ 1 + 0.2 ⋅ tan ⎜45° + ― ⎟ ⋅ ― = 1.173 dq ≔ 1 + 0.1 ⋅ tan ⎜45° + ― ⎟ ⋅ ― = 1.087
⎝ 2⎠ B ⎝ 2⎠ B
dγ ≔ dq = 1.087
-Factores de Inclinación α ≔ 0°
2 2
⎛ α ⎞ ⎛ α⎞
ic ≔ ⎜1 - ―― ⎟ =1 iγ ≔ ⎜1 - ―⎟ = 1 iq ≔ ic = 1
⎝ 90° ⎠ ⎝ ϕ⎠
tonf
qultm ≔ c ⋅ Nc ⋅ Sc ⋅ dc ⋅ ic + q ⋅ Nq ⋅ Sq ⋅ dq ⋅ iq + 0.5 ⋅ γ ⋅ B ⋅ Nγ ⋅ Sγ ⋅ dγ ⋅ iγ = 1064.469 ――
m2
qultm tonf
qadm ≔ ――= 354.823 ――
FS m2
if qadm < qserv = “Cumple”
‖
‖ “No Cumple, Corregir (B)” ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
Pserv + Wf
else Bcorregida ≔ ―――― = 0.689 m
‖ qadm
‖ “Cumple”
‖
Verificaciones de Presiones en la Zapata

⎛ Pu + 1.2 Wf ⎞ ⎛ 6 ⋅ eBx 6 ⋅ eLy ⎞ tonf
q1 ≔ ⎜――――⎟ ⋅ ⎜1 + ―― + ――⎟ = 25.231 ――
⎝ A ⎠ ⎝ B L ⎠ m2
⎛ Pu + 1.2 Wf ⎞ ⎛ 6 ⋅ eBx 6 ⋅ eLy ⎞ tonf
q2 ≔ ⎜――――⎟ ⋅ ⎜1 - ―― - ――⎟ = 25.231 ――
⎝ A ⎠ ⎝ B L ⎠ m2
⎛ Pu + 1.2 Wf ⎞ ⎛ 6 ⋅ eBx 6 ⋅ eLy ⎞ tonf
q3 ≔ ⎜――――⎟ ⋅ ⎜1 + ―― - ――⎟ = 25.231 ――
⎝ A ⎠ ⎝ B L ⎠ m2
⎛ Pu + 1.2 Wf ⎞ ⎛ 6 ⋅ eBx 6 ⋅ eLy ⎞ tonf
q4 ≔ ⎜――――⎟ ⋅ ⎜1 - ―― + ――⎟ = 25.231 ――
⎝ A ⎠ ⎝ B L ⎠ m2
qu_conc ≔ q1
Fundaciones Superficiales o Zapatas

P ≔ Pu + 1.2 Wf = 227.081 tonf
f'c ≔ 4000 psi
fy ≔ 60 ksi
A = 9 m2
bc ≔ 1 m
hc ≔ 1 m
d ≔ Hf - 10 cm = 0.3 m
ϕc ≔ 0.75
Verificación de Cortante de Viga
-Demanda y Capacidad de Cortante en la dirección x
⎛ ⎛ bc ⎞ ⎞
P ⋅ ⎜B 2 + 3 ⋅ B ⋅ eBx + 6 ⎜―+ d⎟ ⋅ eBx⎟ ⋅ L ⋅ ⎛⎝B - bc - 2 d⎞⎠
⎝ ⎝2 ⎠ ⎠
Vux_1 ≔ ――――――――――――――――― 2
= 52.986 tonf
2⋅A⋅B
⎛ ⎛ bc ⎞ ⎞
P ⋅ ⎜B 2 - 3 ⋅ B ⋅ eBx - 6 ⎜―+ d⎟ ⋅ eBx⎟ ⋅ L ⋅ ⎛⎝B - bc - 2 d⎞⎠
⎝ ⎝2 ⎠ ⎠
Vux_2 ≔ ――――――――――――――――― 2
= 52.986 tonf
2⋅A⋅B
Vux ≔ max ⎛⎝Vux_1 , Vux_2⎞⎠ = 52.986 tonf
‾‾‾‾
f'c L d
ϕVnx ≔ ϕc ⋅ 2 ⋅ ―― ⋅ ―⋅ ―⋅ lbf = 66.171 tonf
psi in in
if Vux < ϕVnx = “OK”
‖ “OK”
‖
else
‖ “NG”
‖
-Demanda y Capacidad de Cortante en la dirección y

⎛ ⎛ hc ⎞ ⎞
P ⋅ ⎜L 2 + 3 ⋅ L ⋅ eLy + 6 ⎜―+ d⎟ ⋅ eLy⎟ ⋅ B ⋅ ⎛⎝L - hc - 2 d⎞⎠
⎝ ⎝2 ⎠ ⎠
Vuy_3 ≔ ―――――――――――――――― 2
= 52.986 tonf
2⋅A⋅L
⎛ ⎛ hc ⎞ ⎞
P ⋅ ⎜L 2 - 3 ⋅ L ⋅ eLy - 6 ⎜―+ d⎟ ⋅ eLy⎟ ⋅ B ⋅ ⎛⎝L - hc - 2 d⎞⎠
⎝ ⎝2 ⎠ ⎠
Vuy_4 ≔ ―――――――――――――――― 2
= 52.986 tonf
2⋅A⋅L
Vuy ≔ max ⎛⎝Vuy_3 , Vuy_4⎞⎠ = 52.986 tonf
‾‾‾‾
f'c B d
ϕVny ≔ ϕc ⋅ 2 ⋅ ―― ⋅ ―⋅ ― lbf = 66.171 tonf
psi in in
if Vuy < ϕVny = “OK”
‖ “OK”
‖
else
‖ “NG”
‖
Verificación de Cortante por Punzonamiento

-Demanda de Cortante
hc
αs ≔ 40 β ≔ ―= 1
bc
bo ≔ 2 ⋅ ⎛⎝bc + hc + 2 ⋅ d⎞⎠ = 5.2 m
Vu ≔ qu_conc ⋅ ⎛⎝B ⋅ L - ⎛⎝bc + d⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎛⎝hc + d⎞⎠⎞⎠ = 184.44 tonf

⎛ ⎛ 4 αs ⋅ d ⎞⎞ ‾‾‾‾
f'c bo d
ϕVn ≔ ϕc ⋅ ⎜2 + min ⎜2 , ―, ―― ⎟⎟ ⋅ ―― ⋅ ―⋅ ―⋅ lbf = 229.392 tonf
⎝ ⎝ β bo ⎠⎠ psi in in
Verificación por Aplastamiento del Concreto
A1 ≔ bc ⋅ hc = 1 m 2
A2 ≔ ⎛⎝bc + 4 d⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎛⎝hc + 4 d⎞⎠ = 4.84 m 2
ϕ ≔ 0.65
Pu = 195.923 tonf
⎛ A2 ⎞
‾‾‾
ϕPnb ≔ ϕ ⋅ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ A1 ⋅ min ⎜2 , ― ⎟
ϕPnb = 3425.507 tonf ⎜⎝ A1 ⎟⎠
if Pu ≤ ϕPnb = “OK”
‖ “OK”
‖
else
‖ “NG”
‖
Asd ≔ 0.005 ⋅ A1 = 0.005 m 2
Refuerzo en Flexión de Zapatas ϕm ≔ 0.9

2
P ⋅ L ⋅ ⎛⎝B - bc⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎛⎝B + 4 ⋅ B ⋅ eBx + 2 bc ⋅ eBx⎞⎠
2
Muy_1 ≔ ―――――――――――――― = 37.847 tonf ⋅ m

8 ⋅ A ⋅ B2
2
P ⋅ L ⋅ ⎛⎝B - bc⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎛⎝B 2 - 4 ⋅ B ⋅ eBx - 2 bc ⋅ eBx⎞⎠
Muy_2 ≔ -―――――――――――――― = -37.847 tonf ⋅ m
8 ⋅ A ⋅ B2
Muy ≔ max ⎛⎝Muy_1 , abs ⎛⎝Muy_2⎞⎠⎞⎠ = 37.847 tonf ⋅ m
2
P ⋅ B ⋅ ⎛⎝L - hc⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎛⎝L 2 + 4 ⋅ L ⋅ eLy + 2 hc ⋅ eLy⎞⎠
Mux_1 ≔ ――――――――――――― = 37.847 tonf ⋅ m
8 ⋅ A ⋅ L2
2
P ⋅ B ⋅ ⎛⎝L - hc⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎛⎝L 2 - 4 ⋅ L ⋅ eLy - 2 hc ⋅ eLy⎞⎠
Mux_2 ≔ -――――――――――――― = -37.847 tonf ⋅ m
8 ⋅ A ⋅ L2
Mux ≔ max ⎛⎝Mux_1 , abs ⎛⎝Mux_2⎞⎠⎞⎠ = 37.847 tonf ⋅ m
Acero en Dirección x
#barra ≔ 7 Ab ≔ 387 mm 2 dbx ≔ 22.2 mm
Nb ≔ 15
Asy ≔ Ab ⋅ Nb
Asy = 0.006 m 2
Asmin ≔ 0.0033 ⋅ L ⋅ Hf if Asy > Asmin = “Cumple”

Asmin = 0.004 m 2 ‖ “Cumple”
‖
else
rec ≔ 7 cm ‖ “No Cumple”
‖
⎛⎝L - 2 ⋅ rec - dbx⎞⎠
Sy ≔ ――――――
Nb - 1
Sy = 0.203 m
Acero en Dirección y
#barra ≔ 7 Ab ≔ 384 mm 2 dby ≔ 22.2 mm = 0.874 in
Nb ≔ 15
Asx ≔ Ab ⋅ Nb
Asx = 0.006 m 2
Asmin ≔ 0.0033 ⋅ L ⋅ Hf if Asx > Asmin = “Cumple”

Asmin = 0.004 m 2 ‖ “Cumple”
‖
else
rec ≔ 7.0 cm ‖ “No Cumple”
‖
⎛⎝B - 2 ⋅ rec - dby⎞⎠
Sx ≔ ――――――
Nb - 1
Sx = 0.203 m
-Dirección x d
by
dy ≔ Hf - dbx - ―― - rec = 0.297 m
2
⎛ Asx ⋅ fy ⎞
ϕMnx ≔ ϕ ⋅ Asx ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜dy - ―――― ⎟ = 48.705 tonf ⋅ m
⎝ 1.7 ⋅ f'c ⋅ B ⎠
if ϕMnx ≥ Mux = “Cumple”
‖ “Cumple”
‖
else
‖ “No Cumple”
‖
-Dirección y d
bx
dx ≔ Hf - dby - ―― - rec = 0.297 m
2
⎛ Asy ⋅ fy ⎞
ϕMny ≔ ϕ ⋅ Asy ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜dx - ―――― ⎟ = 49.062 tonf ⋅ m
⎝ 1.7 ⋅ f'c ⋅ L ⎠
if ϕMny ≥ Muy = “Cumple”
‖ “Cumple”
‖
else
‖ “No Cumple”
‖
Asentamiento Total y Diferencial
Mediante la tabla de asentamiento diferencial, que fue mostarda en clases. Para una
estructura de Edificios comerciales y residenciales típicos, escogemos el siguiente valor:
1
θ ≔ ―― Longitud de centro a centro de zaptas: Lc ≔ 7.3 m
500
Sda ≔ θ ⋅ Lc = 14.6 mm
Asentamiento Elastico H≔8 m

B L 2⋅H Pserv tonf
α≔4 B' ≔ ― m' ≔ ― n' ≔ ―― Δσ ≔ ――― 2
= 1.178 ――
2 B B ((B + H)) m2
-Factores de Forma (Is)
⎛⎛ ⎞ ⎞
⎜ ⎝1 + ‾‾‾‾‾‾
m' 2 + 1 ⎠ ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
m' 2 + n' 2 ⎟
Ao ≔ m' ⋅ ln ―――――――――= 0.698
⎜ ⎛ ⎞ ⎟
⎝ m' ⋅ ⎝1 + ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
m' 2 + n' 2 + 1 ⎠ ⎠
⎛⎛ ⎞ ⎞
⎜ ⎝m' + ‾‾‾‾‾‾
m' 2 + 1 ⎠ ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
1 + n' 2 ⎟
A1 ≔ ln ――――――――― = 0.698
⎜ ⎟
⎝ m' + ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
m' 2 + n' 2 + 1 ⎠
Es ≔ 10000 kPa
⎛ m' ⎞
A2 ≔ ⎜――――――― = 0.034 μs ≔ 0.3
⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2 ⎞⎟
⎜⎝ n' ⋅ ⎝ m' + n' + 1 ⎠ ⎟⎠
1 n'
1 n'
F1 ≔ ―⋅ ⎛⎝Ao + A1⎞⎠ = 0.444 F2 ≔ ―― ⋅ atan ⎛⎝A2⎞⎠ = 0.029
π 2⋅π
1 - 2 ⋅ μs
Is ≔ F1 + ―――⋅ F2 = 0.461
1 - μs
-Factores de Profundidad (If) Df

― = 0.5
B
L
―= 1
B
If ≔ 0.77
Yo ≔ 3.05
Y1 ≔ 7
2
1 - μs
Se ≔ Δσ ⋅ ((α ⋅ B')) ――― ⋅ Is ⋅ If = 2.03 mm
Es
A través de una formula empirica vamos a determinar la Cc , por la Ecuación de
Rendon - Herrero Pserv tonf
Δσ ≔ ――― 2
= 1.178 ――
Gs ≔ 2.7 eo ≔ 0.7 (B + H) m2
2.38
1.2
⎛ 1 + eo ⎞
Cc ≔ 0.141 ⋅ ⎛⎝Gs⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎜――⎟
⎝ Gs ⎠
Cc = 0.154
Donde:
Cr ≔ 0.2 ⋅ Cc = 0.031
Cα ≔ 0.04 ⋅ Cc = 0.006
OCR > 1
σ'p ≔ 17.8 kPa σ'vo ≔ 8.18 kPa
Asentamineto por consolidación Primarios Sc:

Arcillas Preconsolidadas h≔H
σ'vo + Δσ = 18.656 kPa > σ'p
13 m ⎛ ⎛ σ'p ⎞ ⎛ σ'vo + Δσ ⎞⎞
Sc ≔ ――⋅ ⎜Cr ⋅ log ⎜―― ⎟ + Cc ⋅ log ⎜―――⎟⎟ = 103.834 mm
1 + eo ⎝ ⎝ σ'vo ⎠ ⎝ σ'p ⎠⎠
Asentamiento por Consolidación Secundaria Ss:
Asumiendo años de asentamiento por análisis
t1 ≔ 20 yr t2 ≔ 25 yr
Cα ⎛ t2 ⎞
C'α ≔ ―― Ss ≔ C'α ⋅ h ⋅ log ⎜―⎟ = 2.817 mm
1 + eo ⎝ t1 ⎠
St ≔ Se + Sc + Ss = 0.109 m
Diseño de Viga Sismica

Pu_columna1 ≔ 1.2 PDead1 + 1.6 PLive1 = 195.923 tonf
Pu_columna2 ≔ 1.2 PDead1 + 1.6 PLive2 = 122.362 tonf
Pultima ≔ max ⎛⎝Pu_columna1 , Pu_columna2⎞⎠ = 195.923 tonf
Excentridad de: Δ ≔ 15 cm
Mu ≔ Pultima ⋅ Δ = 29.388 tonf ⋅ m
b ≔ 25 cm h ≔ 45 cm d ≔ h - 7.5 cm = 0.375 m
b ⋅ h3
I ≔ ――= 0.002 m 4 Ec ≔ 3.640 ⋅ 10 6 psi
12
6 ⋅ Ec ⋅ I
Msd ≔ ――― ⋅ St = 478.389 tonf ⋅ m
7.3 m 2
Mu tonf
Rn ≔ ――― 2
= ⎛⎝1.286 ⋅ 10 3 ⎞⎠ ――
ϕ⋅b⋅d m2
0.85 ⋅ f'c ⎛ 2 ⋅ Rn ⎞
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
ρ ≔ ―――⋅ ⎜1 - 1 - ―――⎟ = 0.048
fy ⎜⎝ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⎟⎠
As ≔ ρ ⋅ b ⋅ d = 44.918 cm 2 Ag ≔ b ⋅ h = 0.113 m 2
#barra ≔ 6
Abarra ≔ 287 mm 2 dbarra ≔ 19.1 mm
Nb ≔ 4
As ≔ Nb ⋅ Abarra = 11.48 cm 2 ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
kgf
f'c ⋅ ――
As cm 2
ρ ≔ ―― = 0.012 ρmin ≔ 0.85 ⋅ ――――= 0.003
b⋅d fy
if ρ > ρmin = “Cumple”
‖ “Cumple”
‖
else
‖ “Volver a calcular”
rec ≔ 7 cm ‖
⎛⎝b - 2 ⋅ rec - dbarra⎞⎠
Sx ≔ ――――――= 3.03 cm
Nb - 1
Entonces vamos a utilizar: 4 #6 @ 3 cm
ϕPn ≔ 0.75 ⋅ ϕ ⋅ ⎛⎝0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ ⎛⎝Ag - As⎞⎠ + fy ⋅ As⎞⎠ = 169.063 tonf
if ϕPn ≥ 0.1 ⋅ Pultima = “Cumple”

‖ “Cumple”
‖
else
‖ “No Cumple”
‖
PARTE C _Analisis de Estructura de Hormigon

lbf
γconcreto ≔ 150 ―― Espesor de losa
b ≔ 40 cm m3 t ≔ 20 cm
h ≔ 60 cm
Analisis de Carga para las cargas más criticas

- Carga Viva:
kgf kgf
wpas ≔ 500 ―― wofc ≔ 250 ――
m2 m2
- Carga Muerta:
kgf kgf
wmuerta ≔ 650 ―― wtch ≔ 200 ――
m2 m2
kgf
DLosa ≔ γconcreto ⋅ t = 13.608 ――
m2
PVp ≔ γconcreto ⋅ Anch1 ⋅ b ⋅ h = 0.132 tonf
PVs ≔ γconcreto ⋅ 6.25 m ⋅ b ⋅ h = 0.113 tonf
Plosa ≔ DLosa ⋅ Anch1 ⋅ 6.25 m = 0.687 tonf
Pmrt ≔ Dmuerta ⋅ Anch1 ⋅ 6.25 m = 32.802 tonf
Ptecho ≔ Dtecho ⋅ Anch1 ⋅ 6.25 m = 1.262 tonf
PD ≔ ⎛⎝Plosa + PVs + PVp + Pmrt⎞⎠ ⋅ 10 + Ptecho = 338.596 tonf
PL ≔ ⎛⎝wpas + wofc⎞⎠ ⋅ Anch1 ⋅ 6.25 m ⋅ 10 = 378.489 tonf
Pserv ≔ PD + PL = 717.085 tonf

Pultima ≔ 1.2 ⋅ PD + 1.6 ⋅ PL = 1011.898 tonf
Método de MAYERHOF
Asumiendo valores iniciales
B ≔ 30 cm L ≔ 30 cm
Hf ≔ 8 m
Ap ≔ B ⋅ L = 0.09 m 2
Pp ≔ 2 ⋅ L + 2 B + 8 ⋅ Hf = 65.2 m
Mediante la gráfica
Nc ≔ 100
M'=Lb/D
M' ≔ 7
Su ≔ c = 150 kPa
tonf
tonf
qp ≔ Nc ⋅ Su = 1686.067 ――
m2
Capacidad de Punta QP ≔ qp ⋅ Ap = 151.746 tonf
Utilizando el metodo Gráfico del libro de Das (2001)
α ≔ 0.3 FS = 3
fs ≔ α ⋅ Su = 45 kPa
Qs ≔ Pp ⋅ 1 m ⋅ fs = 2934 kN
Qu ≔ QP + Qs = 4284 kN
Qu
Qadm ≔ ―― = 1428 kN
FS
Pultima
Npilotes ≔ ――― = 6.3
Qadm
Npilotes ≔ 6
Capacidad ultima de grupo de pilotes Hincados

n≔1 cuando Su > 95 kPa
Qgu ≔ n ⋅ Npilotes ⋅ Qu = 25704 kN
Asentamiento de Pilotes Ec = ⎛⎝2.51 ⋅ 10 7 ⎞⎠ kPa

⎛⎝QP + 0.5 ⋅ Qs⎞⎠ Hf Es ≔ 176000 kPa
S1 ≔ ―――――― = 0.01 m μs = 0.3
Ap ⋅ Ec
Qu tonf
qu ≔ ―― = 5350.453 ――
Ap m2
i2 ≔ 0.85
qu ⋅ B
S2 ≔ ――⋅ ⎛⎝1 - μs 2 ⎞⎠ ⋅ i2 = 0.063 m
Es
‾‾‾
Hf
i3 ≔ 2 + 0.35 ⋅―― = 3.807
B
Qs B
S3 ≔ ――― ⋅ ―⋅ ⎛⎝1 - μs 2 ⎞⎠ ⋅ i3 = 0.033 mm
Pp ⋅ Hf Es
St ≔ S1 + S2 + S3 = 72.77 mm
Asentamiento Elastico en Bloque

s ≔ 3 ⋅ B = 0.9 m
Lg ≔ s + B = 1.2 m bg ≔ 2 ⋅ s + B = 2.1 m
Qgu ‾‾‾
bg
q ≔ ――= ⎛⎝1.02 ⋅ 10 4 ⎞⎠ kPa Sg ≔ ―⋅ St = 0.193 m
Lg ⋅ bg B
Asentamiento por Consolidación

Hf ⎛ ⎛ σ'p ⎞ ⎛ σ'vo + Δσ ⎞⎞
Sc ≔ ――⋅ ⎜Cr ⋅ log ⎜―― ⎟ + Cc ⋅ log ⎜―――⎟⎟ = 63.898 mm
1 + eo ⎝ ⎝ σ'vo ⎠ ⎝ σ'p ⎠⎠
Diseño de Cabezales
Bcabezal ≔ bg + 30 cm = 2.4 m
Lcabezal ≔ Lg + 30 cm = 1.5 m
Tcabezal ≔ 1.5 m
Capacidad Axial
Refuezo Convencional
Vamos a utlizar barra #5
Abarra ≔ 1.99 cm 2 dbarra ≔ 15.9 cm
Nb ≔ 4
Ast ≔ Nb ⋅ Abarra = 7.96 cm 2
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
kgf
f'c ⋅ ――
Ast cm 2
ρ ≔ ―― = 0.005 ρmin ≔ 0.85 ⋅ ――――= 0.003
b⋅d fy
‖ “Cumple”
‖
else
‖
b - 2 ⋅ 7.5 cm - dbarra
S ≔ ――――――― = 1.82 cm 4 #5 @ 2 cm
6-1
ϕPn ≔ 0.8 ⋅ ⎛⎝0.85 f'c ⋅ ⎛⎝Ag - Ast⎞⎠⎞⎠ + fy ⋅ Ast = 272.487 tonf

‖ “Cumple”
‖
else
‖ “No Cumple”
‖
Diseño de Viga Sismica

Pultima = 1011.898 tonf
Excentridad Δ ≔ 10 cm
Mu ≔ Pultima ⋅ Δ = 900.229 kN ⋅ m
Asumiremos:
b ≔ 50 cm h ≔ 60 cm d ≔ h - 7 cm = 0.53 m
b ⋅ h3
I ≔ ――= 0.009 m 4 Ec ≔ 3.640 ⋅ 10 6 psi 6 ⋅ Ec ⋅ I
12 Msd ≔ ――― ⋅ St = 13509.546 kN ⋅ m
7.3 m 2
Mu
Rn ≔ ――― = 9860.929 kPa
ϕ ⋅ b ⋅ d2
0.85 ⋅ f'c ⎛ 2 ⋅ Rn ⎞
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
ρ ≔ ―――⋅ ⎜1 - 1 - ―――⎟ = 0.034
fy ⎜⎝ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⎟⎠
As ≔ ρ ⋅ b ⋅ d = 90.344 cm 2 Ag ≔ b ⋅ h = 0.3 m 2
Ahora vamos a utilizar barra #7

Abarra ≔ 387 mm 2 dbarra ≔ 22.2 mm
Nb ≔ 8
As ≔ Nb Abarra = 30.96 cm 2 ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
kgf
f'c ⋅ ――
As cm 2
ρ ≔ ―― = 0.012 ρmin ≔ 0.85 ⋅ ――――= 0.003
b⋅d fy
‖ “Cumple”
‖
else
‖
ϕPn ≔ 0.75 ⋅ ϕ ⋅ ⎛⎝0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ ⎛⎝Ag - As⎞⎠ + fy ⋅ As⎞⎠ = 451.575 tonf

‖ “Cumple”
‖
else
‖ “No Cumple”
‖
b - 2 ⋅ 7 cm - dbarra
S ≔ ――――――= 4.826 cm
Nb - 1
Vamos a utilizar: 8 #7 @ 5 cm

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Univerisidad Técnoliga de Panamá

Facultad de Ingeniería Civil

PARTE B - Desarrollo de una Estructura de Acero

Dmdeck ≔ 1.67 psf

Para la carga del concreto de

Plosa ≔ DLosa ⋅ At = 11.254 tonf

PDead1 ≔ ⎛⎝Plosa + PW12X19 + PW16X60 + PVsec + Pmrt⎞⎠ ⋅ 2 + Ptecho = 80.135 tonf

PLive1 ≔ ⎛⎝Cpasillo + Coficina⎞⎠ ⋅ At ⋅ 2 + Ctecho ⋅ At = 62.351 tonf

Cargas para una Zapata de Borde

Pvigueta ≔ W12X19 ⋅ 7.325 m = 0.228 tonf

Plosa ≔ DLosa ⋅ Anch1 ⋅ 1.3 m = 2.956 tonf

PDead2 ≔ ⎛⎝Plosa + PVsec + PVprincip + Pvigueta + Pmrt⎞⎠ ⋅ 2 + Ptecho = 195.489 kN

PLive2 ≔ ⎛⎝Cpasillo + Coficina⎞⎠ ⋅ 7.325 m ⋅ 1.3 m ⋅ 2 + Ctecho ⋅ 7.325 m ⋅ 1.3 m = 145.679 kN

Capacidad de Carga utlima de fundaciones Superficiales

Cargas de Servicio: Pserv ≔ PD + PL + PE = 142.486 tonf

Carga Utima: Pult2 ≔ 1.4 PD = 112.189 tonf

Propiedades del suelo:

Cohesión del suelo: c ≔ 150 kPa

Caso II, cuando 0 ≤ Dw ≤ B d ≔ Dw - min ⎛⎝Dfl , Dfr⎞⎠ = 1.5 m

Capacidad de Soporte MEYERHOF (1963)

Pultm ≔ qultm ⋅ A - Wf = 9829.127 tonf

Padm ≔ qadm ⋅ A - Wf = 3259.066 tonf

Capacidad de Soporte de VESIC (1973, 1975)

-Factores de Inclinación de la Fundación α ≔ 0°

-Factores de Inclinación del Terreno β ≔ 0°

-Factores de Inclinación de Carga

Padm ≔ qadm ⋅ A - Wf = 3259.066 tonf

Capacidad de Soporte REP-14

Padm ≔ qadm ⋅ A - Wf = 3167.441 tonf

Verificaciones de Presiones en la Zapata

Fundaciones Superficiales o Zapatas

-Demanda y Capacidad de Cortante en la dirección y

Verificación de Cortante por Punzonamiento

Vu ≔ qu_conc ⋅ ⎛⎝B ⋅ L - ⎛⎝bc + d⎞⎠ ⋅ ⎛⎝hc + d⎞⎠⎞⎠ = 184.44 tonf

Verificación por Aplastamiento del Concreto

Refuerzo en Flexión de Zapatas ϕm ≔ 0.9

Muy_1 ≔ ―――――――――――――― = 37.847 tonf ⋅ m

Asmin ≔ 0.0033 ⋅ L ⋅ Hf if Asy > Asmin = “Cumple”

Asmin ≔ 0.0033 ⋅ L ⋅ Hf if Asx > Asmin = “Cumple”

Asentamiento Total y Diferencial

Asentamiento Elastico H≔8 m

-Factores de Profundidad (If) Df

Asentamineto por consolidación Primarios Sc:

Diseño de Viga Sismica

Mu ≔ Pultima ⋅ Δ = 29.388 tonf ⋅ m

ϕPn ≔ 0.75 ⋅ ϕ ⋅ ⎛⎝0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ ⎛⎝Ag - As⎞⎠ + fy ⋅ As⎞⎠ = 169.063 tonf

if ϕPn ≥ 0.1 ⋅ Pultima = “Cumple”

PARTE C _Analisis de Estructura de Hormigon

Analisis de Carga para las cargas más criticas

PVs ≔ γconcreto ⋅ 6.25 m ⋅ b ⋅ h = 0.113 tonf

Plosa ≔ DLosa ⋅ Anch1 ⋅ 6.25 m = 0.687 tonf

Pmrt ≔ Dmuerta ⋅ Anch1 ⋅ 6.25 m = 32.802 tonf

Ptecho ≔ Dtecho ⋅ Anch1 ⋅ 6.25 m = 1.262 tonf

PD ≔ ⎛⎝Plosa + PVs + PVp + Pmrt⎞⎠ ⋅ 10 + Ptecho = 338.596 tonf

PL ≔ ⎛⎝wpas + wofc⎞⎠ ⋅ Anch1 ⋅ 6.25 m ⋅ 10 = 378.489 tonf

Pserv ≔ PD + PL = 717.085 tonf

Utilizando el metodo Gráfico del libro de Das (2001)

Capacidad ultima de grupo de pilotes Hincados

Asentamiento de Pilotes Ec = ⎛⎝2.51 ⋅ 10 7 ⎞⎠ kPa

Asentamiento Elastico en Bloque

Asentamiento por Consolidación

ϕPn ≔ 0.8 ⋅ ⎛⎝0.85 f'c ⋅ ⎛⎝Ag - Ast⎞⎠⎞⎠ + fy ⋅ Ast = 272.487 tonf

if ϕPn ≥ 0.1 ⋅ Pultima = “Cumple”