Ejemplo

Hallar el punto de intersección de las ecuaciones

y=x2+1
y=2cosx

Encontrar la solución del sistema equivale a encontrar el punto de intersección

igualando a las y
x2+1=2cosx
Buscando la función para hallar la abscisa de un punto de intersección:
x2+1-2cosx=0 tol <0.0010 0.001
f(x)=0

tabulando x0
-0.7
x f(x)
-10 102.678143
-9 83.8222605 a) punto fijo
-8 65.2910001
-7 48.4921955 G(x)= x2+1-2cosx+x
-6 35.0796594
-5 25.4326756 G'(x)= 2x+2senx+1
-4 18.3072872
-3 11.979985 G'(x0)= 0.20156463
-2 5.83229367 un caso en que no converge a pe
-1 0.91939539
0 -1 i xi f(xi) G(xi)
1 0.91939539 0 -0.7 -0.0396844 -0.7396844
2 5.83229367 1 -0.7396844 0.06977029 -0.6699141
3 11.979985 2 -0.6699141 -0.1189651 -0.7888792
4 18.3072872 3 -0.7888792 0.2130484 -0.5758308
5 25.4326756 4 -0.5758308 -0.3458992 -0.92173
6 35.0796594 5 -0.92173 0.64070062 -0.2810294
7 48.4921955 6 -0.2810294 -0.8425634 -1.1235928
8 65.2910001 7 -1.1235928 1.39756914 0.27397637
9 83.8222605 8 0.27397637 -0.8503423 -0.5763659
10 102.678143 9 -0.5763659 -0.3446998 -0.9210657
10 -0.9210657 0.63841799 -0.2826477
11 -0.2826477 -0.840751 -1.1233987
12 -1.1233987 1.39678315 0.27338444
13 0.27338444 -0.8509862 -0.5776018
14 -0.5776018 -0.3419252 -0.919527
15 -0.919527 0.63313707 -0.2863899
16 -0.2863899 -0.8365207 -1.1229106
17 -1.1229106 1.39480672 0.27189611
18 0.27189611 -0.8525993 -0.5807032
19 -0.5807032 -0.3349379 -0.9156411
20 -0.9156411 0.61983398 -0.2958071
21 -0.2958071 -0.8256325 -1.1214396
22 -1.1214396 1.38885437 0.26741477
23 0.26741477 -0.8574038 -0.5899891
24 -0.5899891 -0.3138065 -0.9037955
25 -0.9037955 0.57958157 -0.3242139
26 -0.3242139 -0.7906882 -1.1149021
27 -1.1149021 1.362476 0.24757388
28 0.24757388 -0.8777268 -0.6301529
29 -0.6301529 -0.2187822 -0.8489351
30 -0.8489351 0.39912506 -0.44981
31 -0.44981 -0.5987304 -1.0485404
32 -1.0485404 1.10176385 0.05322342
33 0.05322342 -0.9943352 -0.9411118
34 -0.9411118 0.70791171 -0.2332001
35 -0.2332001 -0.8914815 -1.1246815
36 -1.1246815 1.40198087 0.27729934
37 0.27729934 -0.8467016 -0.5694023
38 -0.5694023 -0.3602278 -0.9296301
39 -0.9296301 0.66795104 -0.261679
un caso en que no converge a pesar del criterio

xi+1-xi vs tol

-0.0396844 no cumple tol

0.06977029 no cumple tol
-0.1189651 no cumple tol
0.2130484 no cumple tol
-0.3458992 no cumple tol
0.64070062 no cumple tol
-0.8425634 no cumple tol
1.39756914 no cumple tol
-0.8503423 no cumple tol
-0.3446998 no cumple tol
0.63841799 no cumple tol
-0.840751 no cumple tol
1.39678315 no cumple tol
-0.8509862 no cumple tol
-0.3419252 no cumple tol
0.63313707 no cumple tol
-0.8365207 no cumple tol
1.39480672 no cumple tol
-0.8525993 no cumple tol
-0.3349379 no cumple tol
0.61983398 no cumple tol
-0.8256325 no cumple tol
1.38885437 no cumple tol
-0.8574038 no cumple tol
-0.3138065 no cumple tol
0.57958157 no cumple tol
-0.7906882 no cumple tol
1.362476 no cumple tol
-0.8777268 no cumple tol
-0.2187822 no cumple tol
0.39912506 no cumple tol
-0.5987304 no cumple tol
1.10176385 no cumple tol
-0.9943352 no cumple tol
0.70791171 no cumple tol
-0.8914815 no cumple tol
1.40198087 no cumple tol
-0.8467016 no cumple tol
-0.3602278 no cumple tol
Ejemplo

Hallar el punto de intersección de las ecuaciones

e-x-x=0
f(x)=0

Encontrar la solución del sistema equivale a encontrar el punto de intersección

igualando a las y

e-x-x=0
Buscando la función para hallar la abscisa de un punto de intersección:

e-x-x=0 tol <0.00010 0.0001

f(x)=0

tabulando x0
0.5
x f(x)
-10 22036.4658
-9 8112.08393 b) Newton Raphson
-8 2988.95799
-7 1103.63316 convergencia f(x0)= 0.10653066
-6 409.428793 f'(x)=-e-x-1 f'(x0)= -1.6065307
-5 153.413159 f''(x)=e-x f''(x0)= 0.60653066
-4 58.59815
-3 23.0855369 abs(f(x)*f''(x)/f'(x)2)= 0.0250351 <1
-2 9.3890561 Convergente
-1 3.71828183
0 1 + i xi f(xi) f'(x)
1 -0.6321206 - 0 0.5 0.10653066 -1.6065307
2 -1.8646647 1 0.566311 0.00130451 -1.5676155
3 -2.9502129 2 0.56714317 1.9648E-07 -1.5671434
4 -3.9816844 3 0.56714329 4.4409E-15 -1.5671433
5 -4.9932621 4 0.56714329 0 -1.5671433
6 -5.9975212 5 0.56714329 0 -1.5671433
7 -6.9990881 6 0.56714329 0 -1.5671433
8 -7.9996645 7 0.56714329 0 -1.5671433
9 -8.9998766
10 -9.9999546
punto de intersección 1
x y y
0.56714329 0.0000 0.0000
Convergente

G(xi)=x-f(xi)/f'(xi) xi+1-xi vs tol

0.566311003197218
0.567143165034862 0.066311003 no cumple tol
0.567143290409781 0.000832162 no cumple tol
0.567143290409784 1.25375E-07 cumple tol
0.567143290409784 2.88658E-15 cumple tol
0.567143290409784 0 cumple tol
0.567143290409784 0 cumple tol
0.567143290409784 0 cumple tol
Ejemplo

Hallar el punto de intersección de las ecuaciones

y=x2+1
y=2cosx

Encontrar la solución del sistema equivale a encontrar el punto de intersección

igualando a las y
x2+1=2cosx
Buscando la función para hallar la abscisa de un punto de intersección:
x2+1-2cosx=0 tol <0.0010 0.001
f(x)=0

tabulando x0
0.25
x f(x)
-10 102.678143
-9 83.8222605 b) Newton Raphson
-8 65.2910001
-7 48.4921955 convergencia f(x0)= -0.8753248
-6 35.0796594 f'(x)=2x+2senx f'(x0)= 0.99480792
-5 25.4326756 f''(x)=2+2cosx f''(x0)= 3.93782484
-4 18.3072872
-3 11.979985 abs(f(x)*f''(x)/f'(x))= 0.22228638
-2 5.83229367
-1 0.91939539
0 -1 i xi f(xi) f'(x)
1 0.91939539 0 0.25 -0.8753248 0.99480792
2 5.83229367 1 1.12989332 1.42314634 4.06851998
3 11.979985 2 0.78009872 0.18686579 2.96689662
4 18.3072872 3 0.71711513 0.00684444 2.7486564
5 25.4326756 4 0.71462503 1.0877E-05 2.73991852
6 35.0796594 5 0.71462106 2.7665E-11 2.73990458
7 48.4921955
8 65.2910001 punto de intersección 2
9 83.8222605 x y y
10 102.678143 0.71462106 1.5107 1.5107
G(xi)=x-f(xi)/f'(xi) xi+1-xi vs tol
1.12989332124856
0.780098715272593 0.879893321 no cumple tol
0.7171151302803 -0.34979461 no cumple tol
0.714625027769019 -0.06298358 no cumple tol
0.714621057789381 -0.0024901 no cumple tol
0.714621057779284 -3.96998E-06 cumple tol