Puente Viga Losa

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE CHOTA
DISEÑO DE PUENTE VIGA-LOSA DE TRES VIGAS
espersor de asfalto
0.25
e = 0.25
n´= 1.70
0.85 0.1 4.10 0.1 0.85
0.600 0.7 2.05 2.05 0.7 0.6
DATOS:
Ancho = 4.1 m
Luz Libre L = 22.8 m
Tren de Cargas = HL-93
Cajuela C = 0.6 m
fć = 280 kg/cm^2
fy = 4200 kg/cm^2
Carga muerta de la baranda = 80 kg-ml
Carga viva de la baranda = 150 kg/ml
Espesor de asfalto e = 0m
Piso terminado = 0.1 tn/m^2
Número de Vigas = 3
1. PRESIMENSIONAMIENTO
1.1. Predimensionamiento de la Viga
a) Luz de Cálculo de la viga
L´ = L + c = 23.40
S´= 2.05
b) Ancho de la Viga
b = 0.02L´*(√S´)
b= 0.67007 m Usaremos b = 70.00 cm
S = S´- b = 1.35 m
c) Peralte de la Viga
t = L´/14 = 1.95 Usaremos 1.95 m
1.2. Predimensionamiento de la Losa

a) Para Tramos Intermedios
e= S = 1.35 S = Luz libre para tramos intermedios
15 15
e= 0.090 m ≈ 9.0 cm
DISEÑO DE PUENTES Y OBRAS DE ARTE

b) Para Tramos en Volados

e = S1/10 = = 0.600 S = Luz libre para tramos en volados
15
e= 6
Según MTC
e = (S+3000)/30 =
e= 1350 + 3000
30
e= 14.5 cm Usaremos = 20.5 cm 25
2. DISEÑO DE LA LOSA
2.1 Ancho Efectivo de las Franjas Longitudinales
𝐸 = 250 + 0.42 𝐿1. 𝑊1 Para un solo carril de 3.6m

E = 250 + 0.42 √ 22800 x 6000
E= 5162.38 mm
E = 5.16238 m
2.2 Metrado de Cargas

TRAMOS INTERMEDIOS
a) Carga Muerta
Peso Propio = 0.25 x 2.5 x 1 = 0.625
Del asfalto = 0 x 2.2 x 1 = 0.000
D1 = 0.625 Tn/m
EN VOLADOS
Peso Propio = 0.5 x 2.5 x 1 = 1.25
P.Piso Term= 0.1 x 1 = 0.10
D2 = 1.35 Tn/m
b) Carga Viva
S/C = 0.36 x 1 = 0.36 Tn/m
PD 0.26
PL 0.15
2.3 Coeficiente de Impacto
I= 0.33
2.4 Cálculo del Momento flector
Barandas Barandas
PD = 0.26 D2 = 1.35 D2 = 1.35 PD = 0.26 Tn/m
PL = 0.15 L2 = 0.36 L2 = 0.36 PL = 0.15 Tn/m
D1 = 0.625
S/C vehicular
S´= 0.95 S´= 2.05 S´= 2.05 S´= 0.95 Luz entre ejes
S= 0.600 S= 1.35 S= 1.35 S = 0.600 Luz libre

a) En Tramos Intermedios
Por Carga Muerta
MD = D1S^2 = 0.625 1.35 ^2 = 0.11391 Tn/m
10 10
Para eje tandem = 5.6 tn
Por S/C Vehicular 7.4 = Peso del Neumático
ML = 0.8(S+0.6)P = 0.8 1.35 + 0.6 7.4 = 1.18 Tn-m
9.75 9.75
Carga por Impacto
MI = 0.33*ML = 1.184 x 0.33 = 0.39 Tn-m
Mu =n(1.25MD + 1.75ML + 1.75MI)

n = nD x nR x nI
n= 1 x 1.05 x 1.05
n = 1.10
Mu = n(1.25MD + 1.75ML + 1.75MI)

Mu = 1.10 x( 1.25 x 0.11 + 1.75 x 1.18 + 1.75 x 0.39 )
Mu = 3.20 Tn/m
b) En Tramos en Volados
Por Carga Muerta
(-)MD = D2S^2 + PDS´ = 1.35 0.600 ^2 + 0.26 0.600 = 0.399 Tn-m
2 2
Por S/C Vehicular

(-)ML = L2S^2 + PLS = 0.36 0.600 ^2 + 0.15 0.600 = 0.155 Tn-m
2 2
Mu = 1.4WD + 1.7WL = 1.4 x 0.399 + 1.7 x 0.155 = 0.82 Tn-m
0.82 Tn-m 0.82 Tn-m ó 3.20 = 1.598 Tn-m

2
3.20 Tn-m
Mu = 1.598 Tn-m
2.5 Verificación del peralte de la Losa (d)

d=e-4= 25 - 4 = 21 cm Por efectos de agua
a) Por Servicio
2𝑀𝑠
𝑑𝑚𝑖𝑛 =
𝑓𝑐. 𝑘. 𝐽. 𝑏
MS = MD + ML + MI = 0.11391 + 1.18 + 0.39
MS = 1.69 Tn-m

fc = 0.45fć = 126 kg/cm^2

fs = 1700 para fy = 4200
𝐸𝑠 2 x 10^6 = 8
𝑛= =
𝐸𝑐 15000√fć
𝑛𝑓𝑐 8 126 = 0.372

𝑘= = 8 126 + 1700
𝑛𝑓𝑐+𝑓𝑠
𝑘 1 - 0.372 = 0.87592
𝐽=1 − =
3 3
d min = 9.07 cm <d= 21 cm ok
b) Por Rotura ku máx = 65.219
𝑀𝑢 3.20 x 10^6 ^0.5 = 6.99942 cm <d= 21 cm ok

𝑑𝑚𝑖𝑛 = =
𝑘𝑢 𝑚á𝑥. 𝑏 65.22 x 100
2.6 Diseño por Flexión

a) MOMENTO POSITIVO (Tramos Intermedios)
Mu = 3.20 Tn-m As = Mu a= As.fy

a= 7 Øfy(d - a/2) 0.85.fć.b
Ø= 0.9
b= 100
As = 4.83 a= 0.81
As = 4.10 a= 0.68
As = 4.09 a= 0.68
As = 4.09 a= 0.68
As = 4.09 cm²
As min = ʆmín.b.d = 3.78 cm^2 ok ʆmín= 0.0018

As máx = ʆmáx.b.d = 44.625 cm^2 ok ʆmax= 0.02125
Espaciamiento
Si usamos Ø 3/8" = 0.71 cm²

S= 100 X 0.71 = 18.78 cm ≤ 3 e losa
3.78 ≤ 45 cm
Si usamos Ø 1" @ 19.00 cm
x) ACERO DE REPARTICIÓN (+)

AREA = 1750 As L= 23400 Si usamos Ø 3/4" =
L As = 4.09 S= 100 X 0.32 = 105 cm
0.31
AREA = 0.31 cm² Ø 3/4" = @ 30

x) ACERO DE REPARTICÓN (-)

AREA (-)= 1750 As (-) L= 23400 Si usamos Ø 1/4" =
L As = 3.78 S= 100 X 0.32 = 113 cm
0.28
AREA = 0.28 cm² Ø 1/4" = @ 30
b) MOMENTO NEGATIVO (En volados)

a= 11 Øfy(d - a/2) 0.85.fć.b
Ø= 0.9
b= 70
As = 2.73 a= 0.45
As = 2.03 a= 0.34
As = 2.03 a= 0.34
As = 2.03 a= 0.34
As = 2.73 cm²
As min = ʆmín.b.d = 2.646 cm^2 ok ʆmín= 0.0018

As máx = ʆmín.b.d = 31.2375 cm^2 ok ʆmín= 0.02125
Espaciamiento
Si usamos Ø 3/8" = 0.71 cm²

S= 100 X 0.71 = 26.83 cm ≤ 3 e losa
2.65 ≤ 45 cm
Si usamos Ø 1" @ 27.00 cm
x) ACERO DE REPARTICIÓN (+)

AREA = 1750 As L= 23400 Si usamos Ø 3/4" =
L As = 2.73 S= 100 X 0.32 = 157 cm
0.20
AREA = 0.2 cm² Ø 3/4" = @ 30

x) ACERO DE REPARTICÓN (-)

AREA (-)= 1750 As (-) L= 23400 Si usamos Ø 1/4" =
L As = 2.65 S= 100 X 0.32 = 162 cm
0.20
AREA = 0.20 cm² Ø 1/4" = @ 30
2.7 Diseño por Corte

a) POR CARGA MUERTA
Corte Crítico
𝐷𝑆
𝑉𝐷 = = 0.11391 1.35 = 0.077 Tn
2 2
b) POR S/C VEHICULAR

P/E P/E = 3.49
P = 14.78 = 3.49
0.350 1.8 1.600 E 4.23
4.8
0.7 2.05 0.7 2.05 0.7
3.40
E= 5.16 m (VIA)
P = 14.78 = 2.86
E 5.16
VL = 2.86 x 3.4 + 2.86 x 1.6 = 4.21 Tn

3.4

c) Corte por Impacto

Vi = 0.33 x 4.21 = 1.39 Tn
d) Corte Ultimo
Vu = n(1.25VD + 1.75VL + 1.75VI)
Vu = 1.10 x( 1.25 x 0.08 + 1.75 x 4.21 + 1.75 x 1.39 )
Vu = 10.91 Tn
e) Corte Resistente del Concreto
∅𝑉𝑐 = ∅0.53 𝑓´𝑐 𝑏𝑤 𝑑 = 0.85 0.53 √ fć 70 21 = 11.08 Tn > Vu ok
3. DISEÑO DE LAS VIGAS LATERALES

3.A VIGAS LATERALES
1.95 m
0.70 m

D2 = 1.35 D1 = 0.625
L2 = 0.36 L1 =
0.25
0.25
1.7
0.95 1.03
0.600 0.7 2.05

a) Carga Muerta
Peso Propio de la Viga = 0.7 1.7 2.5 = 2.975

Peso Propio de la Bara = 0.26 = 0.26
D1 = 0.625 1.03 = 0.64063
D2 = 1.35 0.95 = 1.2825
5.15813 Tn/m Carga Muerta de la Baranda
b) Carga Viva
PL L2 ml
Carga Viva en Vereda = 0.36 x 1 = 0.36
Carga Viva en Baranda = 0.15 = 0.15
0.51 Tn/m Carga Viva de la Baranda

3.2 Coeficiente Vehicular

Metodo de la Palanca
P P
0.6 1.8 -0.35
R = 2P 2.05 R = 2P
R= P -0.35 + P -0.35 + 1.8 = 0.54 P

2.05
λ= 0.53659
EJE DELANTERO = λP´ = 0.54 x 1.78 = 0.96

EJE POSTERIOR = λP = 0.54 x 7.40 = 3.97
3.3 Cálculo de Momentos

a) Por Carga Muerta
(-)MD = WD.L^2 = 5.16 x 23.40 ^2 = 353.05 Tn-m

8 8
b) Por S/C Veredas
(-)MD = WL.L^2 = 0.51 x 23.40 ^2 = 34.91 Tn-m

8 8

c) Por Sobrecarga Vehicular

Cammión de Diseño
i)
λP = 3.97073 λP = 3.97 λP´ = 0.95512 4.3 ≤ x ≤ 19.10
4.3 4.3
RA X 23.40 -X
X+ 4.3 19.10 -X
RA = 0.95512 19.1 -X + 3.97 23.4 -X + 3.97 27.7 -X

23.4
RA = 9.45 − 0.3802 X
Mo = 9.45 − 0.38X X − 3.971 4.3 = 0
M= 9.45X − 0.38X^2 − 17.07 = 0
ԁM = 9.45 − 2 0.38X = 0 → x= 12.43 m ok

ԁx
ML = 9.45 12.43 − 0.38 12.43 ^2 − 17.07

ML = 41.66 Tn-m
ii)
λP = 3.97073 λP = 3.97 λP´ = 0.95512 9.00 ≤ x ≤ 19.1
9.00 4.3
RA X 23.40 −X
X+ 4.3 19.1 −X
X − 9.0 32.4 −X
23.4
RA = 3.97073 32.4 −X + 3.97 23.4 −X + 0.96 19.1 −X

23.4
RA = 10.25 − 0.3802 X
Mo = 10.25 − 0.38X X − 3.971 9 = 0
M= 10.25X − 0.38X^2 − 35.74 = 0
ԁM = 10.25 − 2 0.38X = 0 → x= 13.48 m ok

ԁx

ML = 10.25 13.48 − 0.38 13.48 ^2 − 35.74

ML = 33.32 Tn-m
ML = 41.66 Tn-m
Eje Tandem
11.2 11.2 0 ≤ x ≤ 22.2

1.2
X 23.40 − X
RA
x + 1.2 22.20 −X
x 23.40 - x
23.40
RA = 11.2 22.2 −X + 11.2 23.4 −X

23.40
RA = 21.83 - 0.96X
Mo = 21.83 - 0.96X X = 0
M= 21.83X - 0.96X^2 = 0
ԁM = 21.83 − 2 0.96X = 0 → x= 11.40 m ok

ԁx
ML = 21.83 11.40 − 0.96 11.40 ^2

ML = 124.41 Tn-m
Rectificación del Momento
ML = 124.41 0.54 = 33.38 Tn-n

2 Numero de ruedas
Por Sobrecarga Repartida

0.97 Tn/m
23.40
MS/C REP = WL^2 = 0.97 x 23.40 ^2 = 66.39 Tn-m

8 8


MS/C REP = 66.39 ( 0.53659 ) = 11.87 Tn-m
3 Numero de vigas
MS/C REP = 11.87 Tn-m
El Momento por Sobrecarga Vehicular es:

ML = 41.66 + 11.87 1.2 = 64.24 Tn-m
d) Por Impacto
MI = 41.66 0.33 = 13.75 Tn-m
Mu = n(1.25MD + 1.75ML + 1.75MI)

Mu = 1.10 1.25 353.0 + 1.75 64.24 + 1.75 13.75 + 1.7 0.00
Mu = 637.00 Tn/m
MSERVICIO = 353.0 + 64.2 + 13.75 + 0.00

MSERVICIO = 431.03 Tn/m
3.4 Fuerzas Cortantes

a) POR CARGA MUERTA
VD = W DL = 5.15813 22.8 = 58.80 Tn

2 2
b) P=R S/C EN VEREDAS
VL = WLL = 0.51 22.8 = 5.814 Tn

2 2
c) POR S/C VEHICULAR

Por Camión de Diseño
2.44 2.44 0.59
4.3 4.3
x= 0.3 + 4.3 = 4.6

RA (x=4.6) = 8.50 = VL
Por Eje Tandem
x= 0.3
RA = (x=3) = 21.54 0.54 = 5.78 Tn
2 Número de ruedas

Por S/C Repartida

0.97
22.8
VS/C REP = 0.97 22.8 = 11.058 Tn

2
VL = 11.058 0.54 = 1.98 Tn

3 # de vigas en un ancho de 3m
VL = ( 8.50 + 1.98 ) 1.2 = 12.57 Tn
d) POR IMPACTO
VI = 0.33 8.50 = 2.8 Tn

Corte Último
Vu = n(1.25MD + 1.75ML + 1.75MI)
Vu = 1.10 1.25 58.8 + 1.75 12.57 + 1.75 2.80 + 1.7 5.81
Vu = 120.59 Tn/m
VSER = 58.8 + 12.6 + 2.80 + 5.81

VSER = 79.99 Tn/m
3.5 Diseño del Acero

a = 61.6667 Øfy(d - a/2) 0.85.fć.b
Ø= 0.9
b= 70 cm
h= 195 cm
d = h - 10 = 185 cm
As = 109.31 a= 27.6
As = 98.42 a= 24.8
As = 97.64 a= 24.6
As = 97.58 a= 24.6
As = 97.58 cm² → 20Ø 1"
0.7 𝑓´𝑐
𝐴𝑠 𝑚í𝑛 = 𝑏𝑑 = 36.1158 cm^2 → 4 Ø 1" + 5 Ø 3/4" ok 0.75ʆb = 0.02125
𝑓𝑦
𝐴𝑠 𝑚á𝑥 = 0.75ʆ𝑏. 𝑏. 𝑑 = 275.19 cm^2 ok
𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑜 = 0.002𝑏𝑑 = 25.90 cm^2 → 9 Ø 3/4"

Ø 1/2" = 1.27 cm

S= 28
84.61
h/2 = 97.5
10 Ø 1" = 61.2
12.89
4 10 Ø 1" = 61.2
4 + 1.27 + 2.54 + 2.54 + 2.54 = 12.89

Ø1" espac Ø1"
dc = 61.2 4 + 1.27 + 1.27 + 61.2 4 + 1.27 + 2.54 + 2.54 + 1

122.4
dc = 9.08 cm
𝑀𝑠 431.03 x 10^5 = 2639.75

𝑓𝑠 = =
0.9𝐴𝑠. 𝑑 0.9 97.5837 186
fs = 2639.75 kg/cm^2 < 2100

fs = 2100
Cc = 40 mm
S≤ 300 mm
250
𝑆 ≤ 300 = 357.14
𝑓𝑠
S= 28 cm ≤ 35.7143 cm ok

Vu = 120.59 Tn
a) Corte Resistente del Concreto
𝑉𝑐 = 0.53 𝑓´𝑐 𝑏𝑤. 𝑑 =

Vc = 0.53 (√ 280 ) 70 x 185
Vc = 114848.32 kg
ØVc = 0.85 x 114.85 = 97.62 Tn
Vu = 120.59 > ØVc = 97.62 ok
NECESITA ESTRIBOS
b) Corte Resistente del Acero
Vs = Vn - Vc = 120.59 - 114.85
0.85
Vs = Vn - Vc = 27.02 Tn

c) Verificación de la Sección
Vs = 27.02 Tn ≤ 2.1√fć.bw.d
≤ 2.1 x√ 280 x 70 x 185
≤ 455.06 Tn ok
d) Verificación del Espaciamiento Máximo
Vs = 27.02 Tn ≤ 2.1√fć.bw.d
≤ 1.1 x√ 280 x 70 x 185
≤ 238.36 Tn
Smáx = d/2 = 92.5
ó
60 cm
Espaciamiento "S"
Si usamos 1/2" Av = 1.29 x 2 = 2.58

𝐴𝑣. 𝑓𝑛. 𝑑
𝑆= = 2.58 ( 4200 )( 185 ) = 74.19 cm^2
𝑉𝑠
27022.35
Usaremos: 1/2" @ 20 cm
e) Acero por Confinamiento

𝑆
𝐴𝑣 𝑚í𝑛 = 35𝑏𝑤.
𝑓𝑦
𝐴𝑣 𝑚í𝑛. 𝑓𝑦 2.58 x 4200 = 44.23

𝑆= =
3.5𝑏𝑤 3.50 x 70
𝐴𝑣 𝑚í𝑛. 𝑓𝑦 2.58 x 4200 = 46.26

𝑆= =
0.2 𝑓´𝑐. 𝑏𝑤 3.35 x 70
S= 20 cm < S= 44.23 cm ok
Si Usamos: S= 30 cm
𝐴𝑣. 𝑓𝑦. 𝑑 2.58 x 4200 x 185 = 66.82 Tn

𝑉𝑠 = =
𝑆 30
Vn = Vc + Vs
Vn = 114.85 + 66.82 = 181.67 Tn
Vu = ØVn = 0.85 x 181.67 = 154.42 Tn
Si Usamos S= 40 cm
Vs = 2.58 x 4200 x 185 = 50.12 Tn

40
Vn = 114.8 + 50.12 = 164.96 Tn
Vu = ØVn = 0.85 x 164.96 = 140.22 Tn

Vu = 120.59
Vu = 154.42
(S= 30 )
Vu = 140.22
(S= 40 )
S= 20
S= 30
S = 40
11.4 m
0.8 0.6 10 m
Relación de Triángulos
Para S = 20 cm
120.59 = 154.42
11.4 11.4 - d
d= -3.2 m
# de estribos = 320 = 16.99 = 17 estribos

20
Para S = 30 cm
154.42 = 140.22
7.24 7.24 - d
d= 0.67 m
# de estribos = 0.67 = 3.22 = 3 estribos

30
Para S = 40 cm
d= 11.4 − 0.76 + 0.70 = 9.94 m
# de estribos = 994 = 24.85 + 1 = 25.85 = 26 estribos

40
1/2" 1@ 5 cm + 6@ 20 cm + 2@ 30 cm rest.@ 40 cm c/ext.
3.B VIGA CENTRAL
1.95 m
0.70 m


D2 = 1.35 D1 = 0.625
L2 = 0.36 L1 =
0.25
0.25
1.7
1.025 1.025
1.350 0.70 1.35
a) Carga Muerta
Peso Propio de la Viga = 0.7 1.7 2.5 = 2.975

Peso Propio de la Bara = 0.26 = 0.26
D1 = 0.625 1.025 = 0.64063
D2 = 0.63 1.025 = 0.64063
4.51625 Tn/m
b) Carga Viva
PL L2 ml
Carga Viva en Vereda = 0.36 x 1 = 0.36
Carga Viva en Baranda = 0.15 1 = 0.15
0.51 Tn/m
3.2 Coeficiente Vehicular

0.4 0.3
𝑆 𝑆
𝜆 = 0.06 +
4300 𝐿
λ= 0.06 + 1350 ^0.4 1350 ^0.3 =
4300 22800
λ = 0.32944 P
λ= 0.32944
EJE DELANTERO = λP´ = 0.33 x 1.78 = 0.59

EJE POSTERIOR = λP = 0.33 x 7.40 = 2.44
3.3 Cálculo de Momentos

a) Por Carga Muerta
(-)MD = WD.L^2 = 4.52 x 23.40 ^2 = 309.11 Tn-m

8 8
b) Por S/C Veredas
(-)MD = WL.L^2 = 0.51 x 23.40 ^2 = 34.91 Tn-m

8 8

c) Por Sobrecarga Vehicular

Cammión de Diseño
i)
λP = 2.43787 λP = 2.44 λP´ = 0.58641 4.3 ≤ x ≤ 19.1
4.3 4.3
RA X 23.4 -X
X+ 4.3 19.1 -X
RA = 0.58641 19.1 -X + 2.44 23.4 -X + 2.44 27.70 -X

23.4
RA = 5.80 − 0.23343 X
Mo = 5.80 − 0.23X X − 2.438 4.3 = 0
M= 5.80X − 0.23X^2 − 10.48 = 0
ԁM = 5.80 − 2 0.23X = 0 → x= 12.43 m ok

ԁx
ML = 5.80 12.43 − 0.23 12.43 ^2 − 10.48

ML = 25.58 Tn-m
ii)
λP = 2.43787 λP = 2.44 λP´ = 0.58641 9.00 ≤ x ≤ 19.1
9.00 4.3
RA X 23.4 −X
X+ 4.3 19.1 −X
X − 9.0 32.4 −X
23.4
RA = 2.43787 32.4 −X + 2.44 23.4 −X + 0.59 19.1 −X

23.4
RA = 6.29 − 0.23343 X
Mo = 6.29 − 0.23X X − 2.438 9 = 0
M= 6.29X − 0.23X^2 − 21.94 = 0
ԁM = 6.29 − 2 0.23X = 0 → x= 13.48 m ok

ԁx
ML = 6.29 13.48 − 0.23 13.48 ^2 − 21.94

ML = 20.46 Tn-m
ML = 25.58 Tn-m

Eje Tandem
11.2 11.2 0 ≤ x ≤ 22.2

1.2
X 23.4 − X
RA
x + 1.2 22.2 −X
x 23.4 - x
23.4
RA = 11.2 22.2 −X + 11.2 23.4 −X

23.4
RA = 21.83 - 0.96X
Mo = 21.83 - 0.96X X = 0
M= 21.83X - 0.96X^2 = 0
ԁM = 21.83 − 2 0.96X = 0 → x= 11.40 m ok

ԁx
ML = 21.83 11.40 − 0.96 11.40 ^2

ML = 124.41 Tn-m
ML = 124.41 0.54 = 33.38 Tn-n

2 Numero de ruedas
Por Sobrecarga Repartida

0.97 Tn/m
23.4
MS/C REP = WL^2 = 0.97 x 23.4 ^2 = 66.39 Tn-m

8 8
MS/C REP = 66.3917 ( 0.53659 ) = 11.87 Tn-m
3 Numero de vigas
MS/C REP = 11.87 Tn-m
El Momento por Sobrecarga Vehicular es:

ML = 25.58 + 11.87 1.2 = 44.94 Tn-m
d) Por Impacto
MI = 25.58 0.33 = 8.44 Tn-m
Mu = n(1.25MD + 1.75ML + 1.75MI)

Mu = 1.10 1.25 309.1 + 1.75 44.94 + 1.75 8.44 + 1.7 34.91
Mu = 588.33 Tn/m

MSERVICIO = 309.1 + 44.94 + 8.44 + 34.91

MSERVICIO = 397.40 Tn/m
3.4 Fuerzas Cortantes

a) POR CARGA MUERTA
VD = W DL = 4.51625 22.8 = 51.49 Tn

2 2
b) POR S/C EN VEREDAS
VL = WLL = 0.51 22.8 = 5.814 Tn

2 2
c) POR S/C VEHICULAR

Por Camión de Diseño
2.44 2.44 0.59
4.3 4.3
x
x= 0.3 + 4.3 = 4.6
RA (x=4.53) = 5.22 = VL
Por Eje Tandem
x= 0.3
RA = (x=23) = 20.87 0.33 = 3.44 Tn

2 Número de ruedas
Por S/C Repartida

0.97
22.8
VS/C REP = 0.97 22.8 = 11.058 Tn

2
VL = 11.058 0.33 = 1.21 Tn

3 # de vigas en un ancho de 3m
VL = ( 5.22 + 1.21 ) 1.2 = 7.72 Tn
d) POR IMPACTO
VI = 5.22 0.33 = 1.72 Tn

Corte Último
Vu = n(1.25MD + 1.75ML + 1.75MI)
Vu = 1.10 1.25 51.5 + 1.75 7.72 + 1.75 1.72 + 1.7 5.81
Vu = 99.05 Tn/m
VSER = 51.5 + 7.7 + 1.72 + 5.81

VSER = 66.74 Tn/m
3.5 Diseño del Acero


a = 61.6667 Øfy(d - a/2) 0.85.fć.b
Ø= 0.9
b= 70 cm
h= 195 cm
d = h - 10 = 185 cm
As = 109.31 a= 27.6
As = 98.42 a= 24.8
As = 97.64 a= 24.6
As = 97.58 a= 24.6
As = 97.58 cm² → 20 Ø 1"
0.7 𝑓´𝑐
𝐴𝑠 𝑚í𝑛 = 𝑏𝑑 = 36.1158 cm^2 → 4 Ø 1" + 5 Ø 3/4" ok 0.75ʆb = 0.02125
𝑓𝑦
𝐴𝑠 𝑚á𝑥 = 0.75ʆ𝑏. 𝑏. 𝑑 = 275.19 cm^2 ok
𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑜 = 0.002𝑏𝑑 = 25.90 cm^2 → 9 Ø 3/4"

Ø 1/2" = 1.27 cm
S= 28
84.61
h/2 = 97.5
10 Ø 1" = 61.2
12.89
4 10 Ø 1" = 61.2
4 + 1.27 + 2.54 + 2.54 + 2.54 = 12.89

Ø1" espac Ø1"
dc = 61.2 4 + 1.27 + 1.27 + 61.2 4 + 1.27 + 2.54 + 2.54 + 1

122.4
dc = 9.08 cm
𝑀𝑠 397.40 x 10^5 = 2433.79

𝑓𝑠 = =
0.9𝐴𝑠. 𝑑 0.9 97.5837 186
fs = 2433.79 kg/cm^2 < 2100

fs = 2100
Cc = 40 mm
S≤ 300 mm
250
𝑆 ≤ 300 = 357.14
𝑓𝑠
S= 28 cm ≤ 35.7143 cm ok

Vu = 99.05 Tn

a) Corte Resistente del Concreto
𝑉𝑐 = 0.53 𝑓´𝑐 𝑏𝑤. 𝑑 =

Vc = 0.53 (√ 280 ) 70.00 x 185
Vc = 114848.32 kg
ØVc = 0.85 x 114.8 = 97.62 Tn
Vu = 99.05 > ØVc = 97.62 ok
NECESITA ESTRIBOS
b) Corte Resistente del Acero
Vs = Vn - Vc = 99.05 - 114.85
0.85
Vs = Vn - Vc = 1.68 Tn
c) Verificación de la Sección
Vs = 1.68 Tn ≤ 2.1√fć.bw.d
≤ 2.1 x√ 280 x 70 x 185
≤ 455.06 Tn ok
d) Verificación del Espaciamiento Máximo
Vs = 1.68 Tn ≤ 2.1√fć.bw.d
≤ 1.1 x√ 280 x 70 x 185
≤ 238.36 Tn
Smáx = d/2 = 92.5
ó
60 cm
Espaciamiento "S"
Si usamos 1/2" Av = 1.29 x 2 = 2.58

𝐴𝑣. 𝑓𝑦. 𝑑
𝑆= = 2.58 ( 4200 )( 185 ) = 1190.44 cm^2
𝑉𝑠
1683.97
Usaremos: 1/2" @ 20 cm
e) Acero por Confinamiento

𝑆
𝐴𝑣 𝑚í𝑛 = 35𝑏𝑤.
𝑓𝑦
𝐴𝑣 𝑚í𝑛. 𝑓𝑦 2.58 x 4200 = 44.23

𝑆= =
3.5𝑏𝑤 3.50 x 70
𝐴𝑣 𝑚í𝑛. 𝑓𝑦 2.58 x 4200 = 46.26

𝑆= =
0.2 𝑓´𝑐. 𝑏𝑤 3.35 x 70
S= 20 cm < S= 44.23 cm ok
Si Usamos: S= 30 cm
𝐴𝑣. 𝑓𝑦. 𝑑 2.58 x 4200 x 185 = 66.82 Tn

𝑉𝑠 = =
𝑆 30
Vn = Vc + Vs
Vn = 114.85 + 66.82 = 181.67 Tn
Vu = ØVn = 0.85 x 181.67 = 154.42 Tn
Si Usamos S= 40 cm
Vs = 2.58 x 4200 x 185 = 50.12 Tn

40

Vn = 114.85 + 50.12 = 164.96 Tn
Vu = ØVn = 0.85 x 164.96 = 140.22 Tn
Vu = 99.05
Vu = 154.42
(S= 30 )
Vu = 140.22
(S= 40 )
S= 20
S= 30
S = 40
22.8 m
0.8 0.6 21.4 m

Relación de Triángulos
Para S = 20 cm
99.05 = 154.42
22.8 22.8 - d
d= -12.7 m

20
Para S = 30 cm
154.42 = 140.22
7.24 7.24 - d
d= 0.67 m

30
Para S = 40 cm
d= 22.8 − 0.76 + 0.70 = 21.34 m
# de estribos = 2134 = 53.35 + 1 = 54.35 = 54 estribos

40
1/2" 1@ 5 cm + 6@ 20 cm + 2@ 30 cm rest.@ 40 cm c/ext.

DISEÑO DE LA BARANDA
Cargas de Diseño Espaciam. entre Barandas = 0.8

Vertical = 150 kg/m
Horizontal = 225 kg/m
fs (Tubo) = 800 kg/cm^2
h´ = 0.75
0.5
0.5 0.25
A) Diseño del Pasamanos
Lt = L´ + 2C + N°(v) x h´
𝐿´ + 2𝑐
𝑁° 𝑣 = = 22.8 + 2 x 0.6 = 30.00 = 30
𝑒 0.8
Lt = 22.8 + 2x 0.6 + 30 X 0.75

Lt = 46.5 m
Peso del tubo de e = 2.5 mm
Peso del Pasamanos = 46.5 x 4
= 186
Peso del Pasamanos/ml = 186 = 7.75 kg

22.8 + 2 x 0.6
Metrado de Cargas
Carga Vertical
Wv = 150 + 7.75 = 157.75 kg/m
Carga Horizontal
WH = 225 kg/m
Cálculo de Momentos Flectores
Tubo de = 3"
𝑊𝐿2
+ 𝑀𝐷 = =
14
𝑊𝐿2
− 𝑀𝐿 = =
10
Momento por Carga Horizontal
(+)M= 225 x 0.8 ^2 = 10.29 kg-m

14
(-)M= 225 x 0.8 ^2 = 14.40 kg-m

10
Momento por Carga Vertical
(+)M= 157.8 x 0.8 ^2 = 7.21 kg-m

14

(-)M= 157.8 x 0.8 ^2 = 10.10 kg-m

10
Verificación de la Sección
Esfuerzo por Flexión

𝑀𝐶
𝛾𝑚á𝑥 = =
𝐼
𝛾𝑚á𝑥 . 𝐼
𝑀𝑚á𝑥 = =
𝐶
Ƴt = 800 kg/cm^2
C= D = 3 x 2.54 + 0.25 = 4.06 cm

2 2
2.5 mm 0.25 cm x2= 8.12

3.81 cm x2= 7.62
1.5 "
I= ¶ ( 8.12 ^4 - 7.62 ^4 )
64
I= 47.90 cm^4
M= 800 x 47.90 = 9439.00 kg-cm

4.06
M= 94.39 kg-m ≥ 14.40 kg-m ok
Verificación por Corte
Vr = ¶ x R x t x T
t= 0.25 cm
T= 60 kg/cm^2
R= 4.06 cm
Vr = ¶ x 4.06 x 0.25 x 60
Vr = 191.32 kg
Corte Actuante
Vmayor
Vact = WL 1.15
2
Vact = 225 x 0.8 1.15

2
Vact = 103.5 kg
Como Vr = 191.3 > Vact = 104 ok
DISEÑO DE LA COLUMNETA
150 kg/m 126.2 kg/m
225 kg/m 180 kg/m

0.5
0.25

Carga Vertical = 225 x 0.8 = 180

Carga Horizontal = 150 x 0.8 = 120
Peso de Pasamano = 4 x 0.8 = 3.2

Peso de Columneta = 4 x 0.75 = 3
Fuerzas Actuantes
Mact = 180 x 0.5 = 90

Vact = 180 kg
Corte Resistente
Vr = ¶ x R x t x T
t= 0.25 cm
T= 60 kg/cm^2
R= 4.06 cm
Vr = ¶ x 4.06 x 0.25 x 60
Vr = 191.32 kg
Como Vr = 191.32 kg > Vact 180 kg ok
Por Flexión
𝛾𝑚á𝑥 . 𝐼
𝑀𝑚á𝑥 = = 94.39 kg-m > 90 kg-m ok
𝐶
DISEÑO DE DIAFRAGMA
Mu (+) = 3.20 Tn-m

Mu (+) = 1.6 Tn-m
1) Predimensionamiento
60 y 80%
h= 1.95 x 0.6
h= 1.17 = 0.85
b= 0.85 = 0.425 trabajamos con = 45
2
Longitud Máxima entre Diafragma
23.40 m
3.71 0.35
4.06
l < 25b = 25 x 0.35 = 8.75 m

l > 20S = 20 x 2.05 = 41 m
Diseño de Diafragmas
Intermedios
Metrado de Cargas
Peso Propio = 0.85 x 0.35 x 2.5 = 0.74 Tn/m
a) Diseño por Flexión

Mu (+) = 1.4 x 0.74 x 2.05 ^2 = 0.44
10
Momento Torsor de la Viga
Tv = 0.7(-)MU LOSA x Long Inf.
Tv = 0.7 x 1.6 x 4.06 = 4.54

Momento de Diseño
(+) Mu = Mpp + Tv = 0.44 + 4.54038 = 4.98 Tn-m
Por Corte
Corte por Peso Propio
𝐿
𝑉𝑢 𝑝𝑝 = 1.4𝑊𝑝
2
Vu pp = 1.4 x 0.74 x 2.05 = 1.07 Tn-m
2
𝑇𝑢
𝑉𝑢 = 𝑉𝑢 𝑝𝑝 + = 1.07 + 4.54038 = 3.28 Tn
𝑆 2.05
Diseño Por Flexión
Mu = 4.98 Tn-m
b= 35 cm
d= 79 cm
a= 26.3333
Mur = Ø.fć.b.d^2.w.(1-0.059.w) Ø= 0.9 w= ʃmax . fy

fć = 280 fć
Mur = 14244798.13 kg/cm b= 35 ʃmax = 0.75 ʃb
Mur = 142.45 Tn/m d= 79 ʃb = 0.02833
fy = 4200 ʃmax = 0.0212
w= 0.319
Mur > Mu → SIMPLEMENTE REFORZADA
As = Mu a= As.fy
Øfy(d - a/2) 0.85.fć.b
As = 2.00 a= 1.01
As = 1.68 a= 0.85
As = 1.68 a= 0.85
As = 1.68 a= 0.85
As = 1.68 cm² → 3 Ø 1/2"
0.7 𝑓´𝑐
𝐴𝑠 𝑚í𝑛 = 𝑏𝑑 = 7.71 cm^2 → 3 Ø 1" + 3 Ø 3/4" falso 0.75ʆb = 0.02125
𝑓𝑦
𝐴𝑠 𝑚á𝑥 = 0.75ʆ𝑏. 𝑏. 𝑑 = 58.75 cm^2 ok
As min = ʆmín.b.d = 7.742 cm^2 falso ʆmín= 0.0028

As máx = ʆmáx.b.d = 69.125 cm^2 ok ʆmáx= 0.0250

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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE CHOTA

DISEÑO DE PUENTE VIGA-LOSA DE TRES VIGAS

0.85 0.1 4.10 0.1 0.85

0.600 0.7 2.05 2.05 0.7 0.6

t = L´/14 = 1.95 Usaremos 1.95 m

1.2. Predimensionamiento de la Losa

DISEÑO DE PUENTES Y OBRAS DE ARTE

b) Para Tramos en Volados

𝐸 = 250 + 0.42 𝐿1. 𝑊1 Para un solo carril de 3.6m

2.2 Metrado de Cargas

2.3 Coeficiente de Impacto

2.4 Cálculo del Momento flector

S= 0.600 S= 1.35 S= 1.35 S = 0.600 Luz libre

DISEÑO DE PUENTES Y OBRAS DE ARTE

Carga por Impacto

MI = 0.33*ML = 1.184 x 0.33 = 0.39 Tn-m

Mu =n(1.25MD + 1.75ML + 1.75MI)

Mu = n(1.25MD + 1.75ML + 1.75MI)

Por S/C Vehicular

Mu = 1.4WD + 1.7WL = 1.4 x 0.399 + 1.7 x 0.155 = 0.82 Tn-m

0.82 Tn-m 0.82 Tn-m ó 3.20 = 1.598 Tn-m

2.5 Verificación del peralte de la Losa (d)

DISEÑO DE PUENTES Y OBRAS DE ARTE

fc = 0.45f´c = 126 kg/cm^2

𝑛𝑓𝑐 8 126 = 0.372

d min = 9.07 cm <d= 21 cm ok

b) Por Rotura ku máx = 65.219

𝑀𝑢 3.20 x 10^6 ^0.5 = 6.99942 cm <d= 21 cm ok

2.6 Diseño por Flexión

Mu = 3.20 Tn-m As = Mu a= As.fy

As min = ʆmín.b.d = 3.78 cm^2 ok ʆmín= 0.0018

Si usamos Ø 3/8" = 0.71 cm²

Si usamos Ø 1" @ 19.00 cm

x) ACERO DE REPARTICIÓN (+)

DISEÑO DE PUENTES Y OBRAS DE ARTE

x) ACERO DE REPARTICÓN (-)

b) MOMENTO NEGATIVO (En volados)

Mu = 1.60 Tn-m As = Mu a= As.fy

As min = ʆmín.b.d = 2.646 cm^2 ok ʆmín= 0.0018

Si usamos Ø 3/8" = 0.71 cm²

Si usamos Ø 1" @ 27.00 cm

x) ACERO DE REPARTICIÓN (+)

DISEÑO DE PUENTES Y OBRAS DE ARTE

x) ACERO DE REPARTICÓN (-)

2.7 Diseño por Corte

b) POR S/C VEHICULAR

0.7 2.05 0.7 2.05 0.7

VL = 2.86 x 3.4 + 2.86 x 1.6 = 4.21 Tn

DISEÑO DE PUENTES Y OBRAS DE ARTE

c) Corte por Impacto

e) Corte Resistente del Concreto

∅𝑉𝑐 = ∅0.53 𝑓´𝑐 𝑏𝑤 𝑑 = 0.85 0.53 √ f´c 70 21 = 11.08 Tn > Vu ok

3. DISEÑO DE LAS VIGAS LATERALES

3.1 Metrado de Cargas

0.600 0.7 2.05

Peso Propio de la Viga = 0.7 1.7 2.5 = 2.975

DISEÑO DE PUENTES Y OBRAS DE ARTE

3.2 Coeficiente Vehicular

R= P -0.35 + P -0.35 + 1.8 = 0.54 P

EJE DELANTERO = λP´ = 0.54 x 1.78 = 0.96

3.3 Cálculo de Momentos

(-)MD = WD.L^2 = 5.16 x 23.40 ^2 = 353.05 Tn-m

b) Por S/C Veredas