5.

REGISTRO DE DATOS EXPERIMENTALES

INSTRUMENTO CLASE ESC. MAX ERR. ABS UNIDAD
Voltímetro 1.5 100 1.5 [V]
Electrómetro 0.25 20 0.050 [KV]
Distancia 0.1 [Cm]
Tabla N° 1

Tabla N° 2

MAGNITUD MEDIDA
Voltaje en placas Vp 50.6 ± 1.5 [V]

Tabla N° 3

N° d ± δ d [Cm} E ± δE [KV/m]
1 1.0 ± 0.1 4.6000 ± 0.0506
2 2.0 ± 0.1 2.5200 ± 0.0506
3 3.0 ± 0.1 1.6700 ± 0.0506
4 4.0 ± 0.1 1.2500 ± 0.0506
5 5.0 ± 0.1 1.0100 ± 0.0506
6 6.0 ± 0.1 0.8400 ± 0.0506
7 7.0 ± 0.1 0.7200 ± 0.0506
8 8.0 ± 0.1 0.6300 ± 0.0506
9 9.0 ± 0.1 0.5500 ± 0.0506
10 10.0 ± 0.1 0.5000 ± 0.0506
11 11.0 ± 0.1 0.4500 ± 0.0506
12 12.0 ± 0.1 0.4200 ± 0.0506

Tabla N°4

N° d ± δ d [Cm} E ± δE [KV/m]
1 0.010 ± 0.001 4600.0 ± 50.6
2 0.020 ± 0.001 2520.0 ± 50.6
3 0.030 ± 0.001 1670.0 ± 50.6
4 0.040 ± 0.001 1250.0 ± 50.6
5 0.050 ± 0.001 1010.0 ± 50.6
6 0.060 ± 0.001 0840.0 ± 50.6
7 0.070 ± 0.001 720.0 ± 50.6
8 0.080 ± 0.001 630.0 ± 50.6
9 0.090 ± 0.001 550.0 ± 50.6
1 0.100 ± 0.001 500.0 ± 50.6
0
1 0.110 ± 0.001 450.0 ± 50.6
 1
1 0.120 ± 0.001 420.0 ± 50.6
2

6.2 VALOR DE LA TENSION

V= 50.6 ± 1.5 [V]
δV ∗100 1.5∗100
E %= = ≅ 3 %10.1 PRUEBA DEL MODELO MATEMÁTICO
V 51.1
V 51.1
E= =
d d
10.2 DETERMINACION DE LA CONSTANTE DE PROPORCIONALIDAD V.
Modelo matemático teórico:
V
E=
d
La expresión universal:
α
μ=
xβ
Donde α =v=50.6 [ v ] =β=1
A
Linealizando: y=
xβ
Ln(Y)= Ln(A)-BLn (X)
Y= a+bx
Donde:
Y=Lny
X=Lnx
a=LnA
b=-B
 N° X Y X2 X*Y
1 -4.605 8.434 21.206 -38.389
2 -3.912 7.832 15.304 -30.639
3 -3.507 7.421 17.299 -26.025
4 -3.219 7.131 10.362 -22.955
5 -2.996 6.918 8.976 -20.726
6 -2.813 6.733 7.913 -18.940
7 -2.659 6.579 7.070 -17.494
8 -2.526 6.446 6.381 --16.283
9 -2.408 6.310 5.798 -15.194
1 -2.303 6.215 5.304 -14.313
0
1 -2.207 6.109 4.871 -13.483
1
1 -2.12 6.040 4.494 -12.805
2
∑ -35.275 82.168 109.978 -247.695
LINEALIZANDO LA TABLA AUXILIAR
TABLA N°5

n ∑ xy−∑ x ∑ y
b=
n ∑ x 2−¿ ¿ ¿ ¿
b=−0.979436158

a=
∑ y−∑ x = 82.168−(−0.979436158)(−35.275)
n 12
a=3.968199
^y =a+bx=3.968199−0.9794362 x
TABLA N° 6

N° X Y ^y =a+bx (Y −Y^ )2
1 -4.605 8.434 8.479 2.025 x 10−3
2 -3.912 7.832 7.8 1.024 x 10−3
3 -3.507 7.421 7.403 3.24 x 10−4
4 -3.219 7.131 7.121 1 x 10−4
5 -2.996 6.918 6.903 2.25 x 10−4
6 -2.813 6.733 6.723 1 x 10−4
7 -2.659 6.579 6.573 3.6 x 10−5
8 -2.526 6.446 6,442 1.6 x 10−5
9 -2.408 6.310 6.327 2.89 x 10−4
1 -2.303 6.215 6.224 8.1 x 10−5
0
1 -2.207 6.109 6.13 4.41 x 10−4
1
1 -2.12 6.040 6.045 2.5 x 10−5
2
∑ -35.275 82.168 61.804 4.686 x 10−3

∑ (Y −Y^ )2 =
Sy=
√ n−2 √ 4.686 x 10−3
12−2
Sy=0.021647

Desviaciones estándar de A y B
2
2 (∑ X )
S XX =∑ X − =109.978−¿ ¿
n
S XX =6.284198

Para A
2

σ A=
∂A
| |
∂a
Sy
√
∑ x ∂ A =e a=52.889198
n S XX ∂ a | |
 109.978
∴ σ A =(52.889198)(0.021647)
√ (12)(6.284198)
=¿ 1.382617515¿

Para B:

σ B= |∂∂bB| √SyS ;|∂∂bB|=1

XX

0.021647
σ B= ( 1 ) x =0.008635
√ 6.284198
Errores absolutos de A y B
Grados de libertad: V=n-2=12-2=10
Error probable: α %=1%

Coeficiente de confianza t α / 2

De tablas se obtuvo: t α / 2=3.169

δ A=t α /2∗σ A =3.169∗1.3826175=4.381515

δ B =t α /2∗σ B =3.169∗0.008635=0.027364

Resultados de precisión
α = Ap± δA

Ap= A=e a=e 3.968199127 =52.889198

Para el parámetro
α =V =50.6 [ V ]
∴ α =53± 4

Para el parámetro β=1

β=B ± δB
β=−b