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Rai - Isabel Suarez PDF
Rai - Isabel Suarez PDF
PALABRAS CLAVES:
. AEROGENERADORES
. ENERGIA EOLICA
. VELOCIDAD
KEYWORDS:
. WIND TURBINE
. WIND ENERGY
. SPEED
RESUMEN: El presente trabajo consiste en el análisis del uso de los
aerogeneradores de eje vertical para abastecer el consumo de energía eléctrica en
edificaciones en la zona urbana de la ciudad de San Juan de Pasto con el fin de
disminuir los costos en el uso energético de la red convencional y aprovechar el
recurso eólico como energía limpia.
Para tal fin se realiza un estudio de las características más relevantes del viento
como lo son la velocidad y la dirección de este en diferentes horas del día en la zona
de Versalles la cual hace parte de la zona urbana de la ciudad, con el fin de
determinar la pertinencia del uso de estos en las edificaciones.
ABSTRACT: The present work consists of the analysis of the use of the wind
turbines of vertical axis to supply the electric power consumption in buildings in the
urban area of the city of Saint John of Grassland in order to diminish the costs in the
energy use of the conventional network and to make use of the wind resource as
clean energy.
For such an end there is realized a study of the most excellent characteristics of the
wind as it there are the speed and the direction of this one in the different hours of
the day in the area of Versailles which one does part of the urban area of the city, in
order to determine the relevancy of the use of these in the buildings.
The same way there is done a study of the types of generators of vertical axis
commercially available for selecting or the most suitable for the specific conditions
of the region, bearing in mind that the wind power is one of the most economic
sources and a free resource that possesses a minimal environmental contamination,
what means that he does not contribute to the destruction of the ozone layer and it
generates neither residues nor water pollution.
In this project there are described the most important aspects related to the topic,
being one of these, the classification of the wind turbines considering several
aspects, how, for example, the generated potency, uses of the wind turbines and the
type of main axis of the wind turbines, landing in the analysis of the wind turbines of
vertical axis which have the fundamental advantage that they receive the wind in any
direction, therefore they do not need orientation control.
Finally, conclusions and recommendations are realized in accordance with the
results of the financial technical study obtained in the development of the work.
Desde el punto de vista técnico y económico estos son los mejores aerogeneradores
Giromill LS-2000H y Windside-EN-300W-SV. Debido a que Windside-EN-300W-SV
tiene un costo de $1,157,650, potencia de 310W y Giromill LS-2000H con un valor
de $6,160,304 y potencia de 2000W. Además, el aerogenerador Giromill LS-2000H
es el que más se destaca por el tiempo y el ahorro generado de la inversión inicial.
According to the data generated by the IDEAM at the Obonuco station, it can be
concluded that the difference in data is not significant since it remains within the
established range and does not exceed 6.0 m / s, it is also important to mention that
due to the large number of buildings that exist in the urban area of the city of Pasto
the speeds would change with a minimum value.
According to the aforementioned table, taking into account the point of view of the
starting speed and considering that the average daily speed of the urban area of the
city of San Juan de Pasto varies between 3.33 m / s and 3.39 m / s, all wind turbines
would be viable, for example, the Savonious-500W-DPL wind turbine has a starting
speed of 1.6 m / s and a power of 500 W, the Giromill LS-2000 H wind turbine has a
power of 2000 W and a starting speed of 2.0 m / s, the Diarreus RC-200Q wind
turbine has a power of 200 W and a starting speed of 2.0 m / s, finally the Windside-
EN-300W-SV wind turbine has a power of 310 W and a speed of 2.0 m / s boot. The
higher the percentage of electricity generated thanks to wind power, the cheaper the
KW per hour will be in the wholesale market on a given day, something that affects
the electricity bill to some extent.
From the technical and economic point of view these are the best Giromill LS-2000H
and Windside-EN-300W-SV wind turbines. Because Windside-EN-300W-SV has a
cost of $ 1,157,650, power of 310W and Giromill LS-2000H with a value of $
6,160,304 and power of 2000W. In addition, the Giromill LS-2000H wind turbine is
the one that stands out for the time and savings generated from the initial investment.
The higher the percentage of electricity generated thanks to wind power, the cheaper
the KW per hour will be in the wholesale market on a given day, something that
affects the electricity bill to some extent.
RECOMENDACIONES: Es importante que la velocidad, ángulos y dirección estén
completos, siguiendo la periodicidad ya que, al momento de graficar los datos
proporcionados, las gráficas estarán completas y precisas.
Es importante tener en cuenta que la toma de datos de velocidad varia con respecto
a la altura, es recomendable que la altura de medición sea de por lo menos 10
metros sobre el suelo; en el Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios
Ambientales (IDEAM) de la ciudad de Pasto los datos fueron obtenidos a una altura
de 15 metros sobre el suelo, lo que garantiza que los datos sean confiables.
Cabe resaltar que en la parte urbana de una ciudad por motivos de las
construcciones por ejemplo edificaciones, casas, etc., el viento se va a comportar
diferente a como se comportaría si en esa zona urbana no hubieran tantas
edificaciones y si estas son muy elevadas, en el caso de San Juan de Pasto
podemos observar que existen edificaciones de 7 y hasta más pisos lo que ocasiona
que el viento ya no circule a tan altas velocidades como lo haría, por ejemplo, en el
cañón ubicado por la Universidad de Nariño, donde se puede observar que no hay
edificaciones tan altas, por lo tanto el viento se mueve con mayor facilidad. Esto se
debe tener en cuenta para la ubicación de los aerogeneradores de tal manera que
sean ubicados en las partes más altas de los edificios ya que entre más alto se
encuentren, mayor será la velocidad.
Concluding that the use of wind turbines is not feasible, it is advisable to apply
microturbines that have already been installed in Hong Kong and that are highly
useful since they can be located anywhere in a building because they are of an
acceptable size, Sound emissions are extremely low, easy to install and are ideal for
low wind speeds as they occur in the urban area of the city of Pasto.
It should be noted that in the urban part of a city for reasons of construction such as
buildings, houses, etc., the wind will behave differently than it would behave if in that
urban area there were not so many buildings and if these are very high , in the case
of San Juan de Pasto we can see that there are buildings of 7 and even more floors
which causes the wind to no longer circulate at such high speeds as it would, for
example, in the canyon located by the University of Nariño, where you can see that
there are no buildings so high, therefore the wind moves more easily. This must be
taken into account for the location of the wind turbines in such a way that they are
located in the highest parts of the buildings since the higher they are, the higher the
speed.