UNCP

FIQ

Escuela Profesional: Ingeniería Química

Catedra: Métodos Numéricos
Apellidos y Nombres: Orihuela Orihuela Ronaldo José
Solucionario del Segundo Examen de Métodos Numéricos
1. El balance de energía en un colector solar para el calentamiento de aire es:
Iα=h1 ( πD 2 L )( T te−T ∞1 ) + σε ( πD2 L ) (T 4te−T 4alr )+ σφ ( πD 1 L ) ( T 4te−T 4ti )
o
σφ ( πD 1 L ) ( T 4te−T 4ti )=h2 ( πd 1 L )( T ti−T ∞ 2 )=m C p ( T s −T e )
T e +T s
T ∞ 2=
2
Datos:
W
I =1000 T alr =15 ºC D 1 =45 mm L=1,2 m
m2
W
α=0,3 ε=0,1 D 2 =47 mm h2=75
m 2 ºC
W W
h1=20 σ=5,7×10−8 d 1=35 mm T e =16 ºC
m2 ºC m2 K 4
o
g
T ∞1 =17 ºC φ=0,8 d 2=37 mm m =1
s
Cp =0 . 245 Btu/lb F
Calcular las temperaturas con el método de Punto Fijo Multivariable y Newton-
Raphson
Solucionario:
Se convierten las unidades:
D1=45mm=0.045 m, D2=47mm=0.047 m

Cp =0 . 245 Btu/lb F = 1.025766 J/g C

d1=35 mm =0.035 m d2=37 mm=0.037 m
Quedan las Ecuaciones:

W 3,5437∗W ( 1.00995∗10−9∗W 4 4 −9 W 4 4
300 2
= Tte−17 ºC ) + 4
(Tt e −15 ºC)+ 7.7358∗10 4
(Tt e −Tt i )
m ºC K K
W 3,5437∗W W 9,8960∗W (16 ºC+ Ts)
300 2
= ( Tte−17 ºC )+ 1.00995∗10−9 4 ( Tt e 4−15 4 ºC ) + (Tti− )
m ºC K ºC 2
 W 3,5437∗W ( 1.00995∗10−9∗W ( 4 4 1∗g J
300 2
= Tte−17 ºC ) + 4
Tt e −15 ºC ) + ∗1.025766 (Ts−16 ºC)
m ºC K s gC
K−273.15=º C 273.15 K=0 º C 1 K≠1 ºC
Watts=Joule/s

W 3,5437∗W ( 1.00995∗10−9∗W 4 4 −9 W 4 4
300 2
= Tte−17 ºC ) + 4
(Tt e −15 ºC)+ 7.7358∗10 4
(Tt e −Tt i )
m ºK K K
W 3,5437∗W W 9,8960∗W (16 ºC+ Ts)
300 2
= ( Tte−17 ºC )+ 1.00995∗10−9 4 ( Tt e 4−15 4 ºC ) + (Tti− )
m ºK K ºK 2

W 3,5437∗W ( 1.00995∗10−9∗W ( 4 4 J
300 2
= Tte−17 ºC ) + 4
Tt e −15 ºC ) +1.025766 (Ts−16 ºC)
m ºK K sK
Nos quedan las siguientes ecuaciones:
Para la ecuación 1, 2 y 3: K−273.15=º C
−9 4 −9 4 4
300=3,5437∗( Tte−290,15 )+ 1,00995∗10 (Tt e −50625)+7.7358∗10 (Tt e −Tt i )
(289,15+Ts)
300=3,5437 (Tte−290,15 ) +1,00995∗10−9 ( Tt e 4−50625 ) + 9,8960∗(Tti− )
2

300=3,5437 (Tte−290,15 ) +1,00995∗10−9 (Tt e 4−50625)+1,025766(Ts−289,15)

Variables que reconocemos de las ecuaciones: Tte , Tti y Ts
Para la ecuación (1)

1328.2045=3.5437 (Tte)+8.74575∗10−9 ( Tte 4 ) −7.7358∗10−9 (Tti¿¿ 4 )¿

Para la ecuación (2)

2758.91=3.5437 ( Tte ) +1.00995∗10−9 ( Tte 4 )−9.8960(Tt 1)+ 4.948(Ts)

Para la ecuación (3)

1329.22=3.5437 (Tte)+1.00995∗10−4 ( Tte 4 ) −1.025766(Ts)¿

Por el método punto fijo multivariable por Jacobi

1328.2045=3.5437 (Tte)+8.74575∗10−9 ( Tte 4 ) −7.7358∗10−9 (Tti¿¿ 4 )¿

2758.91=3.5437 ( Tte ) +1.00995∗10−9 ( Tte 4 )−9.8960(Tt 1)+ 4.948(Ts)

1329.22=3.5437 (Tte)+1.00995∗10−4 ( Tte 4 ) −1.025766(Ts)¿

Despejando:

(Tti¿¿ 4 )
( Tte )=−1328.2045+8.74575∗10−9 ( Tte 4 )−7.7358∗10−9 ¿
−3.5437
 −2758.91+3.5437 ( Tte )+1.00995∗10−9 ( Tte 4 ) + 4.948(Ts)
(Tti)=
9.8960

(−1329.22+3.5437 (Tte)+1.00995∗10−4 ( Tte 4 ))

( Ts )=
1.025766

Por Excel:

i Tte Tti Ts d
0 1 1 1  
1 -2.84999E-10 277.932326 1292.37682 1320.73714
2 13.02580384 -367.397989 1295.8316 645.471008
3 39.77357291 -373.789849 1250.83025 52.739176
4 42.60841191 -360.867646 1158.42246 93.3499843
5 37.01217719 -315.67897 1148.6287 46.5752289
6 21.67395139 -308.777967 1167.96249 25.6257755
7 19.84365083 -312.952162 1220.95276 53.1859275
8 20.93881851 -338.791872 1227.27606 26.6246886
9 28.75895153 -342.345696 1223.49249 9.38613563
10 29.98356865 -343.254306 1196.47561 27.0598775
11 30.3028638 -330.184408 1192.24482 13.7413159
12 25.94416476 -328.183355 1191.14172 4.92130998
13 25.32184274 -326.070942 1206.20009 15.218542
14 24.67623057 -333.377272 1208.35008 7.64341043
15 26.96357661 -334.221072 1210.58053 3.30437039
16 27.23722114 -336.155399 1202.67824 8.14018861
17 27.87324203 -332.302248 1201.73286 4.01809026
18 26.61687675 -332.057317 1199.53554 2.5429589
19 26.53873582 -330.508752 1203.87602 4.60910587
20 26.04712104 -332.651005 1204.14598 2.21445566
21 26.72915243 -332.609937 1205.8444 1.83070899
22 26.71583101 -333.703386 1203.48813 2.59765732
23 27.06889732 -332.520479 1203.53415 1.23533045
24 26.68703423 -332.669924 1202.31438 1.28685187
25 26.73511813 -331.923294 1203.63364 1.51664167
26 26.49589208 -332.600141 1203.46752 0.73684856
27 26.71272686 -332.431414 1204.29399 0.87094565
28 26.65852018 -332.9223 1203.54487 0.89726514
29 26.81634855 -332.528329 1203.73215 0.46388938
30 26.68960336 -332.678484 1203.18688 0.57958839
31 26.7378696 -332.360465 1203.62476 0.5433254
32 26.6357635 -332.596688 1203.45801 0.30664689
33 26.71159176 -332.476749 1203.81077 0.38022513
34 26.67306627 -332.68028 1203.5488 0.33397272
35 26.73845015 -332.535499 1203.68189 0.20724754
36 26.69192016 -332.625462 1203.45601 0.24755481
37 26.72082649 -332.495856 1203.61676 0.20850477
38 26.67919681 -332.586583 1203.51689 0.14120006
39 26.70833735 -332.521743 1203.66071 0.16043092
40 26.68750904 -332.604089 1203.56004 0.13171946
41 26.71395973 -332.546293 1203.632 0.09600967
42 26.69539064 -332.591744 1203.54062 0.10373594
43 26.70999216 -332.539403 1203.60477 0.08407272
44 26.69317907 -332.576708 1203.55432 0.06495421
45 26.70516279 -332.545465 1203.61241 0.06703504
46 26.69512639 -332.578799 1203.57101 0.0540921
47 26.70583402 -332.554504 1203.60568 0.04367082
48 26.69802913 -332.575676 1203.56869 0.04333112
49 26.70483021 -332.554384 1203.59565 0.03502341
50 26.69799078 -332.570302 1203.57216 0.02919284
51 26.70310423 -332.556105 1203.59578 0.02803622
52 26.69854355 -332.56975 1203.57812 0.02278338
53 26.70292688 -332.559284 1203.59388 0.01941675
54 26.69956465 -332.568732 1203.57873 0.01816287
55 26.70259961 -332.559956 1203.59035 0.01487117
56 26.69978053 -332.566851 1203.57986 0.01286168
57 26.70199542 -332.560599 1203.5896 0.01178342
58 26.69998703 -332.566261 1203.58195 0.00972902
59 26.70180612 -332.561716 1203.58889 0.00849185
60 26.700346 -332.565837 1203.5826 0.00765558
61 26.70166971 -332.562172 1203.58765 0.00637429
62 26.70049233 -332.565168 1203.58307 0.00559261
63 26.70145484 -332.56246 1203.58714 0.00498059
64 26.70058487 -332.564838 1203.58382 0.00417989
65 26.70134893 -332.562864 1203.58682 0.00367621
66 26.70071474 -332.56464 1203.58418 0.00324431
67 26.70128538 -332.563094 1203.58637 0.00274208
68 26.70078845 -332.564393 1203.5844 0.00241311
69 26.70120601 -332.56323 1203.58612 0.00211563
70 26.7008322 -332.564238 1203.58468 0.00179908
71 26.70115598 -332.563382 1203.58597 0.00158239
72 26.70088127 -332.564144 1203.58485 0.0013809
73 26.70112595 -332.563486 1203.5858 0.00118031
74 26.70091468 -332.564049 1203.58495 0.00103691
75 26.70109526 -332.56355 1203.58568 0.00090204
76 26.70093519 -332.56398 1203.58506 0.00077422
77 26.7010732 -332.563611 1203.58561 0.00067915
78 26.70095457 -332.563937 1203.58514 0.00058961
 79 26.70105928 -332.563656 1203.58555 0.00050774
80 26.70096905 -332.563898 1203.58518 0.00044468
81 26.70104692 -332.563685 1203.5855 0.00038558
82 26.70097844 -332.563869 1203.58523 0.0003329
83 26.70103746 -332.56371 1203.58546 0.00029111
84 26.70098638 -332.563849 1203.58526 0.00025226
85 26.70103117 -332.563729 1203.58544 0.00021821
86 26.70099253 -332.563833 1203.58528 0.00019056
87 26.70102604 -332.563742 1203.58541 0.00016508
88 26.70099674 -332.563821 1203.5853 0.00014301
89 26.70102203 -332.563752 1203.5854 0.00012473
90 26.70100007 -332.563812 1203.58531 0.00010806
91 26.70101923 -332.56376 1203.58539 9.3705E-05

Por Newton Raphson:

clc
disp('....................................................')
disp(' MÉTODO DE NEWTON RAPHSON PARA SENL ')
disp('....................................................')
Tte=1;Tti=1;Ts=1 ;d=1;e=1*10^-5;
fprintf(' k Tte(k) Tti(k) Ts(k) d\n')
disp('....................................................')
fprintf ('%6d %14.5f %14.5f %14.5f\n',0,Tte,Tti,Ts)
for k=1:10
f1=(-1328.2045+3.5437*Tte+8.74575*10^-9*(Tte)^4-7.7358*10^-
9*(Tti)^4);
df1Tte=(3.5437+(4*8.74575*10^(-9)*((Tte)^3)));
df1Tti=4*(-7.7358*10^-9)*(Tti)^3;
df1Ts=0;
f2=(-2758.91+3.5437*Tte+1.00995*10^-9*(Tte)^4-9.8960*(Tti)
+4.948*Ts);
df2Tte=3.5437+4*1.00995*10^-9*(Tte)^3;
df2Tti=(-9.8960);
df2Ts=4.948;
f3=(-1329.22+3.5437*Tte+1.00995*10^-9*(Tte)^4-1.025766*(Ts));
df3Tte=3.5437+4*1.00995*10^-9*(Tte)^3;
df3Tti=0;
df3Ts=(-1.025766);
A=[df1Tte df1Tti df1Ts ;df2Tte df2Tti df2Ts;df3Tte df3Tti df3Ts ];
b=[-f1;-f2;-f3];
C=A\b;
h=C(1,1,1);
j=C(2,1,1);
w=C(3,1,1);
Tte1=Tte+h;
Tti1=Tti+j;
Ts1=Ts+w;
d=((Tte1-Tte)^2+( Tti1-Tti)^2+( Ts1-Ts))^0.5;
fprintf('%6d %14.5f %14.5f %14.5f %14.5f\n',k,Tte1,Tti1,Ts1,d)
if d<e; break; end
Tte=Tte1;
Tti=Tti1;
Ts= Ts1;
end
disp('....................................................')

Salida del Programa:

....................................................
MÉTODO DE NEWTON RAPHSON PARA SENL
....................................................
k Tte(k) Tti(k) Ts(k) d
....................................................
0 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000
1 374.80726 -145.06913 -0.99001 401.33037
2 344.37071 -200.62330 -93.01974 62.61485
3 343.87801 -201.25916 -94.07309 0.00000
....................................................
2 . Dada la funcion:
3
x
| |
f ( x )= x−
6
a) Hallar el Polinomio Interpolante pn(x) que pase por -2h , h , 0, h y 2h h>0 h<2
%Interpolacion
clc,clear
syms x
f=abs(x-(x^3)/6);
fi=inline(f);
h=input('ingrese h:');
if h>0 & h<2
x0=-2*h;
x1=0;
x2=2*h;
y0=fi(x0);
y1=fi(x1);
y2=fi(x2);
x=[1 x0 x0^2;1 x1 x1^2;1 x2 x2^2];
y=[y0;y1;y2];
a=inv(x)*y;
x=input('valor a interpolar x:');
y=[1 x x^2]*a
else disp('ingrese otro valor para h:')
end

ingrese h:0.1
valor a interpolar x:0.5

y=
1.2417
b) Calcular el error del Polinomio cuando x=0.5 y h=0.1

X1 X2 X3 X4 X5
  punto1 punto2 punto3 punto4 punto5
X1 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2
0.1986666 0.0998333
pn(x) 7 3 0 0.099833333 0.198666667

x= 0.5
N1(X) (A-X(2))*(A-X(3))*(A-X(4))*(A-X(5))
0.036
N1(X)/D1(X
) l(1)X 15
N2(X) (A-X(1))*(A-X(3))*(A-X(4))*(A-X(5))
l(1)X 0.042
N2(X)/D2(X
) l(2)X -70

N3(X) (A-X(1))*(A-X(2))*(A-X(4))*(A-X(5))
0.0504
N3(X)/D3(X
) l(3)X 126
N4(X) (A-X(1))*(A-X(2))*(A-X(3))*(A-X(5))
0.063
N4(X)/D4(X
) l(4)X -105

N5(X) (A-X(1))*(A-X(2))*(A-X(3))*(A-X(4))
0.084
N5(X)/D5(X
) l(5)X 35

D1(X) (X(1)-X(2))*(X(1)-X(3))*(X(1)-X(4))*(X(1)-X(5))
0.0024

D2(X) (X(2)-X(1))*(X(2)-X(3))*(X(2)-X(4))*(X(2)-X(5))
-0.0006

D3(X) (X(3)-X(1))*(X(3)-X(2))*(X(3)-X(4))*(X(3)-X(5))
0.0004
D4(X) (X(4)-X(1))*(X(4)-X(2))*(X(4)-X(3))*(X(4)-X(5))
-0.0006

D5(X) (X(5)-X(1))*(X(5)-X(2))*(X(5)-X(3))*(X(5)-X(4))
0.0024

I(N)X
I(1)X 15
I(2)X
pn(x) -70
I(3)X
0.198666667 126
I(4)X
0.099833333 -105
I(5)X 0 35
0.099833333
0.198666667

pn(x)* I(N)X
2.98
-6.988333333
0
-10.4825
6.953333333
SUMA TOTAL
DE I(N)X*PN(X) -7.5375

Por Matlab:
clc
clear all
format short
X=[-0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2];
Y=[0.198666667 0.099833333 0 0.099833333 0.198666667];
A=0.5;
N1=(A-X(2))*(A-X(3))*(A-X(4))*(A-X(5)); D1=(X(1)-X(2))*(X(1)-
X(3))*(X(1)-X(4))*(X(1)-X(5));
N2=(A-X(1))*(A-X(3))*(A-X(4))*(A-X(5)); D2=(X(2)-X(1))*(X(2)-
X(3))*(X(2)-X(4))*(X(2)-X(5));
N3=(A-X(1))*(A-X(2))*(A-X(4))*(A-X(5)); D3=(X(3)-X(1))*(X(3)-
X(2))*(X(3)-X(4))*(X(3)-X(5));
N4=(A-X(1))*(A-X(2))*(A-X(3))*(A-X(5)); D4=(X(4)-X(1))*(X(4)-
X(2))*(X(4)-X(3))*(X(4)-X(5));
N5=(A-X(1))*(A-X(2))*(A-X(3))*(A-X(4)); D5=(X(5)-X(1))*(X(5)-
X(2))*(X(5)-X(3))*(X(5)-X(4));
L=[N1/D1 N2/D2 N3/D3 N4/D4 N5/D5]
P=Y(1)*L(1)+Y(2)*L(2)+Y(3)*L(3)+Y(4)*L(4)+Y(5)*L(5)

Salida del Programa:

L=
15.0000 -70.0000 126.0000 -105.0000 35.0000

P=

-7.5375

3.Hallar:

π π
60° 8 4

I= ∫ ∫ ∫ sen ( x + y )∨ √22 −cscθ∨¿ dxdydθ ¿

−60 ° −π −π
8 4
π π
60° 8 4
2
I= ∫
−60 °
|√
2 |
−cscθ dθ ∫ ∫ sen ( x+ y ) dxdy
−π − π
8 4

I1 I2

La integral I 1 es singular en 0, por lo cual se hace una transformación; para lo

cual se lleva los puntos singulares a los límites:
60 °
2
I 1= ∫
−60 °
|√
2
−cscθ dθ |
0° 60 °
√ 2 −cscθ dθ+
¿ ∫ | 2 | ∫ √22 −cscθ dθ
| |
−60 ° 0°

Aplicando la doble integral:

1 π 2 2 θ−a−b
θ=
2 [
a+b+ ( b−a ) tanh senhz
2 ( )] z=sinh−1
( π
tanh −1 (b−a ))
π
( b−a ) cosh z
dθ 4
=
dz π
cosh 2 senz
2 ( )
I 1=
|∫
∞
√2 −csc π −1+ tanh π senhz
2 ([ 6 (2 )])|∗
π2
12
cosh z
dz+
|∫
∞ 2 6 ( 2 )])|
√ 2 −csc π 1+tanh π senhz
([ ∗
π2
12
cosh z

π π
−∞
cosh
2
2
senz ( ) −∞
cosh ( senz )
2
2
 Siendo N, un entero suficientemente grande:
N=3

I 1=
|∫ 3
√2 −csc π −1+ tanh π senhz
2 ([
6 (2 )])|
∗
π2
12
cosh z
dz+
|∫
3 2 6 ( 2 )])|
√ 2 −csc π 1+ tanh π senhz
([ ∗
π2
12
cosh z

π π
−3
cosh 2
2 (
senz ) −3
cosh ( senz )
2
2

π π
8 4

I 2=∫ ∫ sen ( x+ y ) dxdy

−π − π
8 4
I =I 1∗I 2
Por Matlab;
clc, clear all
syms x y z w
a=-3; b=3;
f1=abs(2^0.5/2-csc(pi/6*(-1-tanh(pi/2*sinh(z)))))*((pi^2/12)*cosh(z))/
(cosh(pi/2*sinh(z)))^2;
n=100; h=(b-a)/n;
m=a:h:b;
z=m;
FT=eval(f1);
it1=h/2*(FT(1)+2*sum(FT(2:n))+FT(n+1))
a2=-3; b2=3;
f2=abs(2^0.5/2-csc(pi/6*(1-tanh(pi/2*sinh(w)))))*((pi^2/12)*cosh(w))/
(cosh(pi/2*sinh(w)))^2;
n=101; h=(b2-a2)/n;
m=a2:h:b2;
w=m;
FT2=eval(f2);
it2=h/2*(FT2(1)+2*sum(FT2(2:n))+FT2(n+1))
disp('I1=it1+it2')
I1=it1+it2
f=sin(x+y);
x0=-pi/4; xf=pi/4;
n=1000;
h=(xf-x0)/n;
xi=x0:h:xf;
x=xi;
fev=eval(f);
i1=h/2*(fev(1)+2*sum(fev(2:n))+fev(n+1));
y0=-pi/8; yf=pi/8;
n=80; h2=(yf-y0)/n;
yi=y0:h2:yf;
y=yi;
fe2=eval(i1);
I2=h2/2*(fe2(1)+2*sum(fe2(2:n))+fe2(n+1))
disp('I=I1*I2')
I=I1*I2
Salida del Programa:
it1 =
32.318979793733348
it2 =
30.837913304961646

I1=it1+it2

I1 =
63.156893098694994

I2 =
1.307950686753237e-17

I=I1*I2

I =
8.260610170163889e-16

4. El Sistema de EDO para el circuito mostrado

d 2 i ´ 1 (i 1−i2)
L1 + =0
d t2 c1

d 2 i ´ 2 i1−i 2 (i 2)
L2 -( ¿+ =0
d t2 c1 c2
Datos:i1=4 m A i2=5 mA

L 1=10 mH =10∗10−3 L 2=2 mH =2∗10−3

c 1=2200 uF=2200∗10−6 c 2=4700uf =4700∗10−6

d 2 i´ 1 (4∗10 −5∗10 )
−3 −3
−2
10 + =0
d t2 2200∗10−6 +

¿−3 d 2 i´ 2 4∗10−3−5∗10−3 (5∗10−3 )

2∗10 -( ¿+ =0
dt2 2200∗10−6 4700∗10−6

10−2 i´ 1+2∗10¿−3 i´ 2+1.0638=0

i´ 1 ( 0 ) =0 i´ 2 ( 0 )=0
Hallar la corriente para 30 segundos:
Euler Modificado:
% MÉTODO EULER MODIFICADO %
clear all; clc;
format short
syms x y
disp(' MÉTODO EULER MODIFICADO
')
disp(' t w1 w2 w3 w4 i2
')
i1=4*10^-3;% a=i1
i2=5*10^-3; % b=i2
f=0.01*x+2*10^-3*y+1.0638;
f=inline(f);
to=0;
n=10; %numero de divisiones
h=(i2-i1)/n;
for t=1:n
w1=f(i1,to);
w2=f(i1+h/2,to+h*w1/2) ;
w3=f(i1+h/2,to+h*w2/2);
w4=f(i1+h,to+h*w3);
i2=to+h/6*(w1+2*w2+2*w3+w4);
i1=i1+h;
error=abs(to-i2);
disp([t w1 w2 w3 w4 i2])
to=i2;
end
disp('La intensidad 2 final es:')
disp(i2)
Salida del Programa:

MÉTODO EULER MODIFICADO

t w1 w2 w3 w4 i2
1.0000 1.0638 1.0638 1.0638 1.0638 0.0001

2.0000 1.0638 1.0638 1.0638 1.0638 0.0002

3.0000 1.0638 1.0638 1.0638 1.0638 0.0003

4.0000 1.0638 1.0638 1.0638 1.0638 0.0004

5.0000 1.0638 1.0638 1.0638 1.0638 0.0005

6.0000 1.0638 1.0638 1.0638 1.0638 0.0006

7.0000 1.0638 1.0638 1.0638 1.0638 0.0007

 8.0000 1.0638 1.0638 1.0638 1.0638 0.0009

9.0000 1.0638 1.0639 1.0639 1.0639 0.0010

10.0000 1.0639 1.0639 1.0639 1.0639 0.0011

La intensidad 2 final es:

0.0011