Válvula rotativa

𝐹 = 1.4 × 𝐹 = 1.4 × 10.5 = 14.7 𝐾𝑔

𝐴1 = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑡𝑎𝑝𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑙𝑒𝑐ℎ𝑒
𝜋 × 𝑑2 𝜋 × 0.1282
𝐴1 = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑡𝑜𝑝𝑎 = =
4 4
𝐴1 = 0.01287 𝑚2
𝐹2 𝐴1
=
𝐹1 𝐴2
𝐴2 = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑢𝑒𝑟𝑝𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑣𝑢𝑙𝑎 𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎
𝐴2 = 𝜋 × 𝐷2 × 𝑏
𝑚3
𝐶𝑎𝑢𝑑𝑎𝑙 = 3.947 ℎ

𝑉𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 = 30 𝑟𝑝𝑚
𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 0.65
𝐷2 = 150𝑚𝑚
𝑏 = 150𝑚𝑚
𝐴2 = 𝜋 × 0.150 × 0.150
𝐴2 = 0.0707𝑚2
𝐴2 0.0707𝑚2
𝐹2 = 𝐹1 × = 14.7 ×
𝐴1 0.01287𝑚2
𝐹2 = 80.75 𝑘𝑔
Momento adherente:
𝐷2
𝑀2 = 𝐹2 ×
2
0.15
𝑀2 = 80.75 ×
2
𝑚
𝑀2 = 6.05𝑘𝑔𝑚 × 9.79
𝑠
𝑀2 = 59.25 𝑁𝑚
Momento para mover el material:
𝑊

𝐹𝑟 = 𝜇 × 𝑁 = 𝜇 × 𝑊
𝜑 = 𝐶𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 0.75
𝑝𝑒𝑠𝑜 𝑊
𝛾= =
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑉𝑜𝑙
𝐷22
𝑊 = 𝛾×𝜋× ×𝑏×𝜑
2
0.152
𝑊 = 3800 × 𝜋 × × 0.15 × 0.75
4
Factor de llenado para 30rpm

𝑊 = 6.547𝑘𝑔
𝐷2
𝑀𝑀 = 𝐹𝑟 ×
2
𝐷2 0.15
𝑀𝑀 = 𝑊 × 𝜇 × = 6.55 × tan(36) ×
2 2
𝑀𝑀 = 0.35𝑘𝑔𝑚
𝑀𝑀 = 3.5𝑁𝑚
Momento torsor resitencia en el rodamiento:
𝜇×𝑑
𝐹𝑅2 = ( 𝑀𝑐 + 𝑚𝑟 × 𝑍) × 𝑔 ×
𝐷
Donde:
𝑀𝑐 = 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎 𝑒𝑛 (𝑘𝑔)
𝑚𝑟 = 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑔𝑖𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 (𝑘𝑔)
𝑍 = 𝑁𝑢𝑒𝑚𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑏𝑢𝑙𝑏𝑜
𝜇 = 𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜
𝑑 = 𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑗𝑒
𝐷 = 𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑣𝑢𝑙𝑎
Masa de las partes giratorias alrededor de 80% de masa rodamiento
𝑚𝑟 = 0.8 × 𝑚 = 0.8 × 0.022 = 0.176𝑘𝑔
Z nuemrode rodillos para rodamiento de bolas {pag 81}
Catalogo del rodamiento “𝜇”
𝜇 = 0.015
𝐷 = 𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑜
Diametro de la valvula rotatoria-holgura (RC)8
Clase RC8
𝐷 = 150𝑚𝑚 = 5.906𝑖𝑛
𝑑𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 5.9065𝑖𝑛 + 6𝑒 −3 = 5.9115𝑖𝑛
𝑑𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 5.9065𝑖𝑛 + 0 = 5.9005𝑖𝑛
Eje:
𝑑𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 5.9065𝑖𝑛 − 8𝑒 −3 = 5.8975𝑖𝑛
𝑑𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 5.9065𝑖𝑛 − 12𝑒 −3 = 5.8935𝑖𝑛
Calculo de la holgura:
ℎ𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑑𝑚𝑎𝑥ℎ𝑜𝑟 − 𝑑𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑗𝑒 = 0.018 𝑖𝑛 = 0.457𝑚𝑚

ℎ𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 𝑑𝑚𝑖𝑚ℎ𝑜𝑟 − 𝑑𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑒𝑗𝑒 = 0.012𝑖𝑛 = 0.3𝑚𝑚

Como la holgura es pequeña no se llegará a tomar en cuenta

𝐷 = 150𝑚𝑚
𝑀𝑐 = 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎 𝑒𝑛 (𝑘𝑔)
𝐷22 0.152
𝑀𝑐 = 𝛾 × 𝜋 × × 𝑏 × 𝜑 = 3800 × 𝜋 × × 0.150 × 0.75
4 4
𝑀𝑐 =6.5473kg
Remplazando valores tenemos:
𝜇×𝑑
𝐹𝑟2 = (𝑀𝑐 + 𝑚𝑟 × 𝑍) × 𝑔 × 𝐷

0.0005 × 0.025
𝐹𝑟2 = (6.547 × 0176 × 1) × 9.79 ×
0.15
𝐹𝑟2 = 0.01646𝑁
2𝑓
𝐹𝑟1 = 𝑀𝑐 × 𝑔 ×
𝐷
Donde:
𝑀𝑐 = 𝑀𝑎𝑠𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎 𝑒𝑛 𝑘𝑔 = 6.55
𝑓 = 𝐵𝑟𝑎𝑧𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑎𝑑𝑢𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑚
𝐷 = 𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑜 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑜 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑣𝑢𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑚 = 15
𝑓 = 0.054
 2𝑓 0.054
𝐹𝑟1 = 𝑀𝑐 × 𝑔 × = 6.55 × 9.81 × 2 ×
𝐷 25

𝐹𝑟1 = 0.278𝑁
𝐹𝑟3 = 𝑓𝑚 × 𝑚𝑟 × 𝑉 2 × 𝑍1
Donde:
𝑓𝑚 = Factor de perdida origindo por la trasmicion de la rotacion a las masas de los
rodamientos 0.8………0.9.
𝑚𝑟 = Masa de las partes giratorias del rodamiento kg
𝑉 = Velocidad tangencial en m/s
𝑍1 = Nuemro total de rodillos
Obtenemos datos:
𝑓𝑚 = 0.85
𝑚 = 0.176𝑘𝑔

𝜋 × 𝐷 × 𝑛 𝜋 × 0.25 × 30 𝑚
𝑉= = = 0.3927
60 60 𝑠
𝐹𝑟3 = 𝑓𝑚 × 𝑚𝑟 × 𝑉 2 × 𝑍1
𝐹𝑅3 = 0.85 × 0.176 × 0.39272 × 1
𝑓𝑅3 = 0.023𝑁
𝐹𝑅 = 𝐹𝑟1 + 𝐹𝑟2 + 𝐹𝑟3

𝐹𝑅 = 0.06𝑁 + 0.2781𝑁 + 0.023𝑁

𝐹𝑅 = 0.317𝑁
Remplazando valores en la ecuación geneal:
𝐷 0.15
𝑀2 = 𝐹𝑅 × = 0.317𝑁 ×
2 2
𝑀2 = 0.024𝑁𝑚
Remplazando valores en la ecuación del momento total:
𝑀𝑡 = 𝑀1 +𝑀2 + 𝑀3
𝑀𝑡 = 59.25𝑁𝑚 + 3.5𝑁𝑚 + 0.024𝑁𝑚
𝑀𝑡 = 62.77𝑁𝑚
Potencia del motor:
𝑃 = 𝑇×𝑛
𝑟𝑒𝑣 1𝑚𝑖𝑛 2𝜋
𝑃 = 62.2𝑁𝑚 × 20 × ×
𝑚𝑖𝑛 60𝑠𝑒𝑔 1𝑟𝑒𝑣
𝑃 = 130.26𝑊 = 0.13𝑊0.17𝐻𝑃
Diseño del eje-Con la pasión
𝑃 = 3000𝑚𝑚𝑐𝑎 − 1284𝑚𝑚𝑐𝑎
𝑁
𝑃 = 1716𝑚𝑚𝑐𝑎 = 16816. .8
𝑚2
Suponiendo columna de maerial de 10cm solida ciclon
𝜋×0.142
𝑉𝑡𝑢𝑏𝑜 = × 0.1
4

𝑉𝑡𝑢𝑏𝑜 = 0.0015𝑚3
𝑚 𝑘𝑔
𝛿= → 𝑚 = 𝛿 × 𝑉 = 1770 3 × 0.0015𝑚3 = 2.65𝑘𝑔
𝑉 𝑚
𝐹 2.65𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔 𝑁
𝑃= = 2
= 42.4 2 = 415.9 2
𝐴 0.25 𝑚 𝑚
𝑁 𝑁
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 𝑃1 + 𝑃2 = 16816.8 2
+ 415.9 2
𝑚 𝑚
𝑁
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 17232.7
𝑚2
𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 × 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 17232 × 0.252 × 0.7 𝑁
𝐹= = = 3015
𝐿 0.25 𝑚

𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 0.7 × 𝐷 × 𝑏
𝑅𝑎 = 𝑅𝑏 = 0.377𝑘𝑁
Selección del rodamiento:
𝑅𝑎𝑦 = 0.377𝑘𝑁
𝐹𝑎 = 0
𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑑 = 25𝑚𝑚
Escogemos
𝑐 = 4.36𝑘𝑁 𝑐𝑜 = 2.6𝑘𝑁
𝑓𝑜 = 14 𝑘𝑟 = 0.015
𝐶𝑜𝑑𝑖𝑔𝑜 = 6180𝑆
𝐷 = 25 𝑏=7
𝐹𝑎 0
≤0 ≤𝑒
𝐹𝑟 0.85

𝑃 = 𝐹𝑟 = 0.377𝑘𝑁
𝑐 4.36𝑘𝑁
= = 11.56
𝑃 0.377𝑘𝑁
𝑐 3
𝐿10 = ( ) = 1546 𝑀𝑟𝑒𝑣
𝑃
𝐿10 × 106
𝐿10ℎ = = 188333 ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑠
60 × 20
Lo cual cumple y calculamos resistencia a la rodadura
𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑎 = 0.022𝑘𝑔
Calculo del diámetro del eje:
𝑀𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 23.55𝑁𝑚 = 23.55𝑒 −6 𝑀𝑁𝑚
𝑇 = 62.2𝑁𝑚 = 62.2𝑒 −6 𝑀𝑁𝑚
2
32𝑁 𝑘𝑡 𝑀 2 3 𝑇
𝐷=( × √( ) + ( ) )1/3
𝜋 𝑠𝑛′ 4 𝑆𝑦

2 2
32 × 3 23.55𝑒 −6 3 62.2𝑒 −6 1/3
𝐷=( × √( ) + ( ) )
𝜋 96.39 4 207

𝐷 = 0.022𝑚 = 22𝑚𝑚 = 25𝑚𝑚

SAE 1020 𝑆𝑢 = 379𝑀𝑝𝑎 𝑆𝑦 = 207𝑀𝑝𝑎

𝑆𝑛′ = 𝑆𝑛 𝐶𝑚 𝐶𝑠𝑡 𝐶𝑅 𝐶𝑆
𝑆𝑛′ = 140 × 1 × 1 × 0.81 × 0.85
𝑆𝑛′ = 96.39𝑀𝑝𝑎
Selección del motor:
Factor a la altura
𝑇𝑒𝑚𝑚 = 34℃
𝐴𝑙𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎 𝑠𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑙 𝑛𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑙 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑚𝑎𝑟 = 3000
𝐹𝑎𝑙𝑡 = 0.9
𝑅𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑙 75% = 0.62
𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 75% = 0.64
𝑃 = 0.5𝐻𝑃 × 0.9 × 0.62 × 0.64
 𝑃 = 0.18𝐻𝑃 𝐶𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑎 𝑙𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑑𝑜
6 polos, peso=7kg,7l
Selección de la moto reductora
𝑛𝑠 = 30𝑟𝑝𝑚
𝑛𝑒 = 1370𝑟𝑝𝑚
𝑛𝑒
𝑅𝑉 = = 45.67
𝑛𝑠
𝑇 = 62.2𝑁𝑚
𝑃 = 0.18𝐻𝑃
Factores de seguridad:
Servicio 2 Carga constante
𝐹𝑆𝑒𝑟−1 = 1.4
Factor de temperatura
𝑇𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑎 34℃
𝐴𝑙𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎 𝑠𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑙 𝑛𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑙 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑚𝑎𝑟 = 3000
𝜂𝑎𝑙𝑡 = 0.86

Rendimiento a la trasmisión
𝜂𝑡𝑟 = 0.96
Factor según el número de horas trabajadas
𝐺𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑐ℎ𝑜𝑞𝑢𝑒 = 1
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 24ℎ: 𝑇𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜
𝑀𝑎𝑛𝑖𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑠 < 10
𝐹𝑠𝑒𝑟−2 = 1.2
Torque necesario
𝑇 × 𝐹𝑆𝑒𝑟−1 × 𝐹𝑠𝑒𝑟−2 62.2𝑁𝑚 × 1.4 × 1.2
𝑇𝑛 = =
𝜂𝑡𝑟 × 𝜂𝑎𝑙𝑡 0.96 × 0.86

𝑇𝑛 = 126.6𝑁𝑚
Selección de la moto reductor ejes coaxiales:
𝑀𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 2/95 → 151
𝑖𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 43.3
𝑃𝑎𝑟 𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑇 = 140𝑁𝑚
𝑍28 𝐵2 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛
𝑍28 − 𝐿𝐴7154
2𝑘𝐽110 − ∎𝐶𝐷13 − ∎∎𝐵2