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La república, palabra que proviene del latín res pública (“cosa pública”), es una
forma de organización del Estado, en la cual la máxima autoridad cumple funciones
por un tiempo determinado y es elegida por los ciudadanos, ya sea de manera
directa o a través del Parlamento (cuyos integrantes también son elegidos por la
población). Este es un sistema de gobierno que trata de garantizar la vida, la
libertad y la propiedad privada. La republica une tres formas de gobierno la
monarquía en la forma del presidente, la aristocracia en la forma de un parlamento
y la democracia como un vehículo o vía de comunicación, de tal manera que al unirse
anula los vicios y defectos de cada una de estas tres formas de gobierno separadas
individualmente.
Entonces, entendemos por populismo un atajo por el cual se juegan con las
pasiones ilusiones e ideales de la gente para prometer lo que es imposible
aprovechándose de la miseria de la gente, dejando fuera absolutamente toda la
razón y la lógica en la toma decisiones, juega con la necesidad para imponer una
dictadura
Ahora bien, una vez definidos estos dos conceptos, es válido realizar una
distinción o una reflexión acerca de lo que ambas ideologías proponen. Mientras
observamos que el populismo, en la actualidad, se encarga de desmantelar
instituciones, amalgamar el poder, reescribir constituciones, cambiar códigos y leyes,
restringir libertades individuales y de comercios, es un sistema donde también los
derechos humanos fundamentales de las personas son violentados y donde los únicos
beneficiados son quienes están en el gobierno, quienes poseen cargos
gubernamentales y los grupos cercanos a quienes les rodean a estos. En el populismo
son los líderes o funcionarios son quienes toman las decisiones y hacen creer que
ellos son los únicos capaces de guiar a su pueblo y que sin ellos no hay manera de
subsistir.
When we analyze the historical, political, economic and social context that we
currently live in the world, in Latin America and, moreover, the one that is recently
lived in Venezuela, we can observe that there are two strong ideological currents,
under which we are being influenced, and that both are opposed to being totally
different, these are the ideology of the republic and that of populism.
The republic, is a word that comes from the Latin res public ("public thing"), is a
form of organization of the State, in which the highest authority performs functions
for a determined time and is elected by citizens, either directly or through
Parliament (whose members are also elected by the population). This is a system of
government that tries to guarantee life, liberty and private property. The republic
unites three forms of government the monarchy in the form of the president, the
aristocracy in the form of a parliament and democracy as a vehicle or means of
communication, in such a way that by joining it cancels the vices and defects of each
of these three forms of government separated individually.
Populism is a political concept that makes reference to the movements that reject
traditional political parties and that show themselves, either in actual practice or in
speeches, combative against the dominant classes. Populism appeals to the people to
build their power, understanding the people as the lower social classes without
economic or political privileges. It usually bases its structure on the constant
denunciation of the evils that the privileged classes embody. Populist leaders,
therefore, present themselves as redeemers of the humble. The term populism has a
pejorative meaning, since it refers to political measures that do not seek the well-
being or progress of a country, but rather seek to obtain the acceptance of the voters
regardless of the consequences.
Then, we understand populism as a shortcut by which people play with the passions
of illusions and ideals to promise what is impossible by taking advantage of the
misery of the people, leaving out absolutely all the reason and logic in making
decisions, playing with the need to impose a dictatorship
Now, once these two concepts have been defined, it is valid to make a distinction or a
reflection about what both ideologies propose. While we observe that populism, at
present, is in charge of dismantling institutions, amalgamating power, rewriting
constitutions, changing codes and laws, restricting individual and commercial
liberties, it is a system where the fundamental human rights of people are also
violated and where the only beneficiaries are those who are in the government, who
hold government positions and the groups close to those around them. In the
populism are the leaders or officials are those who make the decisions and make
believe that they are the only ones capable of guiding their people and that without
them there is no way to subsist.
While, the republic raises the unification of the systems of government that have
existed throughout history reflecting on their shortcomings and highlighting the
virtues of each to try to reach a consensus in which all the sectors that make up a
country, an entity or a region have sufficient participation in such a way that it is
possible to govern, in every sense of the word, an entire people in an efficient, fair
and transparent manner, respecting the fundamental rights of human beings, such
as the right to life, freedom of expression, the right to private property, and
remembering that rights are not static but that they evolve today there are rights
that must also be guaranteed and that This way of thinking respects them, these
are: right to the internet, to knowledge, among others.