Ejemplo:

En el cuadro adjunto se presenta el registro histrico de las descargas mximas de un

determinado ro. Realizar el estudio de las descargas mximas.

ESTACIN X RO X
DESCARGAS MXIMAS
AO (M3/Seg)

1962 49.50
1963 70.30
1964 65.40
1965 32.60
1966 75.40
1967 86.90 EJEMPLO:
1968 101.50
1969 50.30
1970 75.60
1971 98.40
1972 104.90
1973 65.40
1974 56.90
1975 49.30
1976 75.90
1977 86.40
1978 103.40
1979 98.60
1780 90.40
1981 39.60
1982 52.40
1983 85.60
1984 72.90
1985 49.70
APLICANDO METODO DE GUMBELL TIPO I
ORDENANDO LOS CAUDALES DE MAYOR A MENOR

ORDEN AO Q.MAX P=M/N+1 T=1/P (QO- Q)2

01 1972 104.90 0.04 25.00 1056.90

02 1978 103.40 0.08 12.50 961.62
03 1968 101.50 0.12 8.33 847.398
04 1979 98.60 0.16 6.25 686.96
05 1971 98.40 0.20 5.00 676.52
06 1980 90.40 0.24 4.17 324.36
 07 1967 86.90 0.28 3.57 210.54
08 1977 86.40 0.32 3.13 196.28
09 1983 85.60 0.36 2.78 174.50
10 1976 75.90 0.40 2.50 12.32
11 1970 75.60 0.44 2.27 10.30
12 1966 75.40 0.48 2.08 9.06
13 1984 72.90 0.52 1.92 0.2601
14 1963 70.30 0.56 1.79 4.37
15 1964 65.40 0.60 1.67 48.86
16 1973 65.40 0.64 1.56 48.86
17 1974 56.90 0.68 1.47 239.94
18 1982 52.40 0.72 1.39 3989.60
19 1969 50.30 0.76 1.32 487.97
20 1985 49.70 0.80 1.25 517.84
21 1962 49.50 0.84 1.19 523.95
22 1975 49.30 0.88 1.14 533.15
23 1981 39.60 0.92 1.09 1075.18
24 1965 32.60 0.96 1.04 1583.24

Q max 1737.30 = 14 216.98

Caudal Medio Mximo.

Q max 1737.30
Q = _________ = _________ = 72.39 m3 / seg
n 24

Q = 72.39 m3 / seg.

Desviacin Estndar.

( Q1 Q ) 2 14 216.98
= ___________ = ____________ = 24.86
n1 23

= 24.86
 Factor de Frecuencia.

Y - Yn
K = ___________
n

Y = Ln { -Ln (1 P) }

Y = Ln { -Ln (1 0.04) }

Y = 3.19

Para el calculo de Yn, n, se utiliza el siguiente cuadro:

N 10 20 30 40 50 100 200
Yn 0.50 0.52 0.54 0.54 0.55 0.56 0.57
n 0.95 1.06 1.11 1.14 1.16 1.22 1.24

Interpolando para n = 24 tendremos

Para Yn Para n

20 0.52 20 1.06
24 x 24 x
30 0.54 30 1.11

Yn = 0.528 n = 1.08

Por lo tanto :

La ecuacin de Q ser : Q = 72.39 + 24.86K

 Ejemplo:

DISTRIBUCIN DE LOG-PEARSON TIPO III

CAUDALES
N. AO (M3/S) LOG.Q (LOG Q-LOG Q)2 (LOG Q-LOG Q)3

01 1972 104.90 2.021 0.02595 0.00418

 02 1978 103.40 2.015 0.02398 0.00371
03 1968 101.50 2.006 0.02155 0.00316
04 1979 98.60 1.994 0.01801 0.00242
05 1971 98.40 1.993 0.01777 0.00237
06 1980 90.40 1.956 0.00931 0.00090
07 1967 86.90 1.939 0.00625 0.00050
08 1977 86.40 1.937 0.00590 0.00045
09 1983 85.60 1.932 0.00530 0.00039
10 1976 75.90 1.880 0.00042 0.00001
11 1970 75.60 1.879 0.00036 0.0000067
12 1966 75.40 1.877 0.000313 0.0000055
13 1984 72.90 1.863 0.0000093 0.000000028
14 1963 70.30 1.847 0.00016 -0.0000021
15 1964 65.40 1.816 0.00194 -0.000086
16 1973 65.40 1.816 0.00194 -0.000086
17 1974 56.90 1.755 0.00194 -0.00114
18 1982 52.40 1.719 0.01970 -0.00276
19 1969 50.30 1.702 0.02500 -0.00395
20 1985 49.70 1.696 0.02667 -0.00436
21 1962 49.50 1.695 0.02725 -0.00450
22 1975 49.30 1.693 0.02783 -0.00464
23 1981 39.60 1.598 0.06864 -0.01798
24 1965 32.60 1.513 0.12004 -0.04159

P= 1.86 0.46334 -0.06299

44.64
Log Q = = 1.86
24

Log. Q = 1.86

Clculo de la desviacin estndar:

Log Q = (Log Q Log Q)2

n-1

0.46334
Log Q = = Log Q = 0.142
 23

Clculo del coeficiente de asimetra:

n (Log Q Log Q)3 24 ( -0.06299)3

Ag = =
(n-1) (n-2) ( Log Q)3 23 x 22 (0.142)3

Ag = -1.043

RIO SERIE Q
Log Q Ag
X anual 1.86 0.142 1.043

ECUACIN LOG Q:

Log Q = Log Q + Log Q x K

Log Q = 1.86 + 0.142 K

De la tabla obtenemos K

Interpolando para Ag = 1.043