XV Simposio de Investigacin de la Facultad de Salud Univalle 2013
alteraciones en el estado de salud mental. Objetivos:
Determinar la aparicin de sntomas de ansiedad y
depresin en hombres adultos con enfermedad orgnica
o trauma que se encuentren en hospitalizacin
prolongada, en un hospital de tercer nivel del
suroccidente colombiano. Metodologa: Estudio
Descriptivo longitudinal. Poblacin constituida por
hombres entre 18 y 65 aos, hospitalizados en tiempo
igual o superior a ocho das en salas de ciruga y
medicina interna. Conto con 37 pacientes a quienes se
aplic la escala HAD y el BDI en tres oportunidades (A1,
A2, A3) y un test que incluy datos sociodemogrficos y
de hospitalizacin. Resultados: El 97.3% de los
pacientes permanecieron entre 8 a 57 das en
hospitalizacin. Presentaron sntomas de ansiedad en A1
el 43.2%, en A2 el 32.4% y en A3 el 24.3% y para
sntomas de depresin en A1 el 43.2%, en A2 el 43.2% y
en A3 el 35.1%. Conclusiones: Se determin la presencia
de sntomas de ansiedad y depresin durante el periodo
de hospitalizacin prolongada, los cules repercuten
significativamente en el estado de salud general del
paciente y ampliamente alteran la esfera mental. El
cuidado de enfermera debe estar orientado a una visin
de integralidad, deteccin oportuna, seguimiento y
evaluacin permanente de estos pacientes.
Palabras clave: Hospitalizacin, Sntomas depresivos,
Ansiedad, Enfermedad aguda, Salud mental
Derivacin ventriculoperitoneal y dialisis
peritoneal. Mara Adelaida Zapata Zapata, Luis
Alexander Lovera Montilla, Jaime Manuel Restrepo
Restrepo, Rafael Alberto Gmez Acevedo. Universidad
del Valle. Cali, Colombia. Introduccin: La dilisis
peritoneal (DP) es una de las la terapia de eleccin en los
pacientes tanto peditricos como adultos por su
seguridad, efectividad y comodidad. Hay un grupo de
pacientes con insuficiencia renal crnica y antecedentes
de derivacin ventrculo peritoneal y espina bfida en
quienes la literatura contraindica esta terapia y se
prefiere dejar estos pacientes en hemodilisis. Objetivo:
Describir la experiencia de pacientes con derivacin
ventrculo-peritoneal y dilisis peritoneal. Mtodo: Se
realiz un estudio de tipo descriptivo retrospectivo
desde el ao 2003 hasta la fecha, observndose 4
pacientes en dilisis peritoneal con derivacin
ventrculo peritoneal, 3 peditricos y 1 adulto, 2
pacientes con diagnstico de mielomeningocele
lumbosacro, 1 con encefalocele y el otro paciente
(adulto) con hidrocefalia secundaria a un trauma
craneoenceflico. Resultados: Un solo paciente
Revista Gastrohnup Ao 2013 Volumen 15 Nmero 3: 155-170 (julio-diciembre)
presento un episodio de peritonitis a los 6 meses de
iniciada la terapia por ruptura del catter la cual fue
diagnosticada por liquido turbio y dolor abdominal, no
presento infeccin retrograda de la derivacin
ventrculo peritoneal. Ninguno de los pacientes
presento fallas en la ultrafiltracin siendo en promedio
de 1 a 1.5 cc/kg/hora, todos los pacientes alcanzaron
metas de dilisis. Conclusiones: En esta descripcin
de casos de pacientes con derivaciones ventrculo-
peritoneales la DP ha sido una opcin teraputica
segura y se han alcanzado los niveles de eficacia de la
terapia. Se recomienda la revisin de ms serie de casos
clnicos similares para determinar las recomendaciones
de cuidado especficas de este grupo de pacientes
donde la DP es una alternativa viable.
Palabras clave: Dilisis peritoneral, Corto circuito
ventriculoperitoneal, Insuficiencia renal
Universidad saludable: jvenes comprometidos.
Karina Gallardo Solarte, Myriam Erazo M, Gloria
Maya P. Universidad del Valle. Cali, Colombia.
Introduccin: Estudio realizado en una Institucin de
Educacin Superior. Objetivo: Determinar los factores
relacionados con el consumo de alcohol en jvenes
universitarios, con la finalidad de plantear una
propuesta educativa fundamentada en los modelos de
Autocuidado de Orem y el Integrativo de Opazo
Castro. Metodologa: El estudio fue descriptivo
transversal, realizado en el primer periodo de 2012, se
trabaj con una poblacin de 294 estudiantes,
pertenecientes a los semestres primero a octavo,
consumidores de alcohol. Resultados: El 64% de los
estudiantes que viven con los familiares iniciaron el
consumo de alcohol a una edad promedio de 16.1 aos;
el 65.75% de ellos entre los 15 y 24 aos de edad
manifestaron que consumir alcohol les ayuda expresar
sentimientos de alegra; el 45.2% consumen alcohol
cuando se encuentran deprimidos; el 70.9% de los
encuestados, consumen con mayor frecuencia cerveza
en los diferentes estratos socioeconmicos, seguido
del 45.6% que toma aguardiente; el 50% de los
estudiantes separados y el 45.7% de los solteros
manifestaron que el estado de nimo que motiva el
consumo de alcohol es la depresin. El 27.9% de los
solteros y el 22.2% de los de unin libre refieren que es
la ansiedad. Conclusiones: Los estudiantes del
programa de Enfermera, consumen bebidas
alcohlicas al finalizar el perodo acadmico, en la
mayora de los casos se realiza en los bares, seguido de
las casas de los amigos, frente a un porcentaje
159
 Resmenes
representativo que lo realiza en la calle, parques o puntos
de venta.
Palabras clave: Alcohol, Estudiantes, Enfermeras,
Adolescentes, Jvenes
Citologia Cervico vaginal en adolescentes
escolarizadas: Creencias y vivencias culturales.
Isaura Barandica Rivera, Laura Alexandra Luna, Karen
Alegras, Jennifer Gutirrez, Martha Lucia Vsquez.
Introduccin: El Cncer de Cuello Uterino es una
enfermedad que constituye una amenaza permanente
para la salud de las mujeres. Este Cncer, producido por
el Virus del Papiloma Humano, se considera que se
transmite sexualmente. La situacin de salud es
compleja para las adolescentes porque, no solo estn
iniciando su vida sexual tempranamente, sin proteccin
y de manera promiscua sino tambin porque tienen
creencias y prcticas inadecuadas sobre la citologa
como prueba de deteccin temprana. Objetivo:
Describir los conocimientos y prcticas de cuidado
sobre citologa cervicovaginal de adolescentes
escolarizadas en una institucin educativa publica de
Cali. Metodologa: Estudio descriptivo que identific
prcticas y creencias en torno a la toma de la citologa
vaginal mediante la tcnica de grupos focales a un grupo
de 15 adolescentes entre 15 y 18 aos de edad.
Resultados: La prctica de la citologa entre las
adolescentes es inusual ya que generalmente la asocian
necesaria si tienen relaciones sexuales o en caso de
sospecha de ITS. Adicionalmente, sienten vergenza a
practicarse el examen pues creen que es asunto de
mujeres adultas. Las jvenes saben que es un examen
que puede ser importante para su auto cuidado pero
desconocen cmo deben prepararse para la toma y que
deben hacer ante los resultados que se generen de la
prueba diagnstica. Conclusin: A pesar que las
adolescentes conocen que la citologa es un examen que
pueden practicarse, desconocen no solo que sirve como
un medio para la deteccin del VPH sino tambin de qu
manera se lleva a cabo el proceso de la toma y qu
recomendaciones deben realizarse previas a la toma de la
misma.
Palabras clave: Adolescencia sexual, Creencias,
Vivencias, Cultura
REHABILITACIN
Desarrollo neuromotor en nios prematuros del
programa canguro. Juan Carlos Arias Cadavid, Andrea
Cortes Osorio, Luis Fernando Rendn. Universidad del
Valle. Cali, Colombia. Introduccin: El Programa
160
Canguro desarrolla una estrategia de atencin integral
dirigida a nios prematuros; incluye seguimiento al
desarrollo neuromotor. Objetivo: Describir los
resultados del desarrollo neuromotor en nios
prematuros evaluados con la batera INFANIB y su
relacin con variables sociodemogrficas y
antecedentes perinatales. Mtodo: Estudio transversal
en nios mayores de un ao que asistieron al Programa
Canguro en el perodo 2010-2012 evaluados con la
batera INFANIB a los 3, 6, 9 y 12 meses de edad
corregida. Resultados: Se evaluaron 353 nios entre
11 y 14 meses de edad, 55% son nias con un promedio
de edad gestacional de 32 semanas y un peso al
nacimiento de 1.58 kgs. Segn el test de INFANIB el
52% fueron normales, el 42% fueron transitorios y el
1.5% fue anormal en la primera valoracin a los 3
meses. Esta valoracin cambio sustancialmente al ao
de edad donde el 95% de los nios fueron categorizados
como normales. Las variables peso y talla al nacimiento
presentaron diferencias significativas con el resultado
del INFANIB en la primera valoracin. El tiempo de
permanencia en UCI presento diferencias
significativas con la clasificacin del INFANIB,
variable que se correlaciono positivamente con el peso
al nacimiento. Conclusiones: El test de INFANIB es
una buena alternativa para detectar alteraciones en el
desarrollo neuromotor de los prematuros.
Palabras clave: Desarrollo, Nios
Anlisis cinemtico 2D del componente de alcance
en rehabilitacin manual. Wilfredo Agredo
Rodriguez, Diana Ximena Martnez Arce. Universidad
del Valle. Cali, Colombia. Introduccin: El
componente del alcance se encuentra directamente
relacionado con el rendimiento manual y afecta del
desempeo en las actividades de la vida diaria en
personas con secuela motora en miembro superior. Por
esto, la rehabilitacin manual debe propender por
resultados efectivos y en corto tiempo por lo cual, los
ajustes a la terapia a partir de anlisis cinemtico 2D se
convierte en una herramienta adecuada. Objetivo:
Determinar un protocolo de anlisis cinemtico 2D
para evaluar el componente del alcance en la
rehabilitacin manual. Metodologa: Estudio
descriptivo observacional realizado con registros
videogrficos capturados en plano sagital de 20 sujetos
sanos de Cali quienes ejecutaron una actividad
teraputica de un protocolo de intervencin basado en
realidad aumentada y diseado para la rehabilitacin
manual de personas con secuela motora de miembro
superior posterior a ECV. Los registros fueron
Revista Gastrohnup Ao 2013 Volumen 15 Nmero 3: 155-170 (julio-diciembre)
 XV Symposium of Research. Faculty of Health. Univalle 2013
user satisfaction, 95.2% and 62.5% for changes made.
Conclusion: The performance of nursing graduates
according to their employers was considered to be high.
Graduates should be evaluated from the perspective of
employers and users regularly to afford feedback for
self-assessment processes and to make any needed
improvements in the curriculum.
Key words: Accreditation; performance
Prolonged hospitalization and symptoms of anxiety
and depression in men with an organic disease or
trauma. Maira Alejandra Crdoba Mallama, Leidy
Johanna Maozca Dosman, Leidy Johanna Maozca
Dosman, Delia Burgos Dvila. Universidad del Valle.
Cali, Colombia. Introduction: Prolonged
hospitalization in patients can cause irreversible changes
in functional status, changes in quality of life and
complications unrelated to the problem at admission and
secondary to the presence of alterations in mental health
status. Objectives: To determine the appearance of
symptoms of anxiety and depression in adult men with
an organic disease or trauma who were in prolonged
hospitalization at a tertiary care hospital in Southwestern
Colombia. Methodology: This is a descriptive
longitudinal study. The population consisted of men
between 18 and 65 years of age that were hospitalized for
at least eight days on surgical and internal medicine
wards. Thirty-seven patients were included whom were
given the HAD and BDI scales on three occasions (A1,
A2, A3), along with a test that included socio-
demographic and hospitalization data. Results: A total
of 97.3% of the patients were hospitalized between 8 and
57 days. At A1 anxiety was found to be present in 43.2%
of the population studied. At A2 anxiety symptoms were
identified among 32.4% of the population and at A3
among 24.3% of the population. Symptoms of
depression were found for 43.2% of the population at
A1, for 43.2% of patients at A2 and among 35.1% of the
patients at A3. Conclusions: If symptoms of anxiety
and depression were determined to be present during the
period of prolonged hospitalization, those which
significantly rebounded in their general health status
extensively altered their mental condition. Nursing care
should be directed toward a vision of integrity, timely
detection, monitoring and ongoing evaluation for these
patients.
Key words: Hospitalization, Depressive symptoms,
Anxiety, Acute diseases, Mental health
Ventriculoperitoneal derivation and peritoneal
dialysis. Maria Adelaida Zapata Zapata, Luis Alexander
Revista Gastrohnup Ao 2013 Volumen 15 Nmero 3: 171-187 (julio-diciembre)
Lovera Montilla, Jaime Manuel Restrepo Restrepo,
Rafael Alberto Gomez Acevedo. Universidad del Valle.
Cali, Colombia. Introduction: Peritoneal dialysis (PD)
is one of the therapies of choice for both pediatric and
adult patients for its safety, effectiveness and comfort.
There is a group of patients with chronic renal failure
and a history of ventricular peritoneal derivation and
spina bifida for which this therapy is contraindicated in
the literature and the preference is to leave these
patients on hemodialysis. Objective: To describe the
experience of patients with ventricular-peritoneal
shunts and peritoneal dialysis. Method: A retrospective
descriptive study was conducted from 2003 to the
present date of observing 4 patients on peritoneal
dialysis with ventricular peritoneal shunt, 3 pediatric
patients and 1 adult. Two of the patients were diagnosed
with lumbosacral myelomeningocele, one patient with
encephalocele and the other (adult) with hydrocephalus
secondary to head trauma. Results: One patient had an
episode of peritonitis at 6 months after the initiation of
therapy for catheter rupture which was diagnosed by
turbid fluid and abdominal pain that did not present
retrograde infection of the ventricular-peritoneal shunt.
None of the patients showed ultra-filtration failure with
an average of 1 to 1.5 cc/kg/per hour; all dialysis
patients achieved their goals. Conclusions: In this
description of patients with ventricular-peritoneal
shunts, PD has been found to be a safe therapeutic
option that has reached effective levels of therapy. A
review of a series of similar clinical cases is indicated to
determine specific care recommendations for this
group of patients where PD is a viable alternative.
Key words: Peritoneal dialysis, Ventricular-
peritoneal shunt, Renal insufficiency
A healthy university: Involving young people.
Karina Gallardo Solarte, Myriam Erazo M, Gloria
Maya P. Universidad del Valle. Cali, Colombia.
Introduction: A study conducted in an institution of
higher education. Objective: To determine the factors
related to the consumption of alcohol among university
students, in order to develop an educational proposal
based on Orems self-care models and Opazo Castros
integrated model. Methodology: This was a
descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted during the
first quarter of 2012 that worked with a population of
294 students, belonging to the first through eighth
semesters who consumed alcohol. Results: Sixty-four
percent of students who live with their families started
drinking at an average age of 16.1 years and 65.75% of
them reported first starting between the ages of 15 to 24
175
 Abstracts
years. They reported that alcohol helped them to express
their feelings of enjoyment; 45.2 % reported consuming
alcohol when they felt depressed; 70.9% of those
surveyed from differing socioeconomic strata more
frequently consumed beer, followed by 45.6% who
drank liquor. 50% of students were separated and 45.7%
of singles reported that their depressed mood motivated
their alcohol consumption. 27.9% of singles and 22.2%
of those in open relationships reported anxiety to be the
motivating factor. Conclusions: Students in the
nursing program consumed alcohol by the end of the
academic term and in most cases drinking was done in
bars, followed by drinking at their friends home and
with a representative proportion doing their drinking in
the street, at the park or at the place of purchase.
Key words: Alcohol, Students, Nurses, Teens, Youth
Cervical-vaginal cytology among schooled
adolescents: Beliefs and cultural experiences.
Isaura Barandica Rivera, Laura Alexandra Luna, Karen
Alegrias, Jennifer Gutierrez, Martha Lucia Vasquez.
Universidad del Valle. Cali, Colombia. Introduction:
Cervical Cancer is a disease that is an ongoing threat to
the health of women. This cancer, caused by the Human
Papilloma Virus, is considered to be sexually
transmitted. The health situation for adolescents is
complex because not only are they starting their sexual
life early with unprotected promiscuousness but also
because they have inappropriate beliefs and practices
about cytology as an early screening test. Objective: To
describe the knowledge and care practices concerning
cervical-vaginal cytology among adolescents being
educated at a public school in Cali. Methodology: This
was a descriptive study that sought to identify practices
and beliefs surrounding the taking of vaginal cytology
exams by using a focus group technique with 15
adolescents between 15 and 18 years of age. Results:
The practice of cytology among adolescents is unusual
since it is commonly associated with the necessity of
having sex or with cases where STDs are suspected.
Additionally, they feel embarrassed to undergo the test
as they believe that it is a matter only for adult women.
Young people know that it is a test that may be important
in self-care but they do not know how to prepare for the
sampling and what they should do with the results
generated by the diagnostic test. Conclusion: Although
adolescents know that cytology is a test that can be
performed, they do not know that it serves as a means for
the detection of HPV; they also lack information about
176
how the sampling process is carried out, and on what
advice to follow prior to having it done.
Key words: Adolescent sexuality, Health beliefs,
Cultural beliefs, Cultural practices
REHABILITATION
Neuromotor development in premature infants
from the kangaroo program. Juan Carlos Arias
Cadavid, Andrea Cortes Osorio, Luis Fernando
Rendon. Universidad del Valle. Cali, Colombia.
Introduction: The Kangaroo Program develops a
comprehensive care strategy directed toward
premature infants, including follow-up on neuromotor
development. Objective: To describe the neuromotor
developmental results in premature infants evaluated
with the INFANIB battery and their relationship to
socio-demographic variables and perinatal history.
Method: A cross-sectional study of children over one
year of age attending the Kangaroo Program during
2010-2012 that were evaluated with INFANIB battery
at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age. Results: Three
hundred fifty-three children between 11 and 14 months
of age were evaluated of which 55% were girls with an
average gestational age of 32 weeks and birth weight of
1.58 kg. According to the INFANIB test, 52% were
normal, 42% were transient and 1.5% was abnormal in
the first assessment at 3 months. This assessment
substantially changed at one year of age where 95% of
the children were categorized as normal. The variables
of weight and height at birth showed significant
differences with the results from the first INFANIB
assessment. The length of stay in the ICU presented
significant differences from the INFANIB
classification, a variable that was positively correlated
with birth weight. Conclusions: The INFANIB test is
a good alternative for detecting alterations in
neuromotor development of premature babies.
Key words: Child development
2D kinematic analysis of the grasp component in
manual rehabilitation. Wilfredo Agredo Rodriguez,
Diana Ximena Martnez Arce. Universidad del Valle.
Cali, Colombia. Introduction: The grasp component is
directly related to manual efficiency and affects the
performance of daily living activities among persons
with upper limb motor sequela. Therefore, manual
rehabilitation should promote effective results within a
short time and thus make therapy adjustments from 2D
kinematic analysis an appropriate tool. Objective: The
objective was to determine a protocol from a 2D
Revista Gastrohnup Ao 2013 Volumen 15 Nmero 3: 171-187 (julio-diciembre)
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