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X , Y , X+ Y , XY ,
X
,2 X .
Y
Solucin:
Sea el espacio muestral:
R x ={2 ,1, 0 , 1 ,2 }
R y = {1 , 2 ,3 , 4 , 6 , 9 }
R x+ y = {1 ,0 , 1 , 2, 3 , 4 ,5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ,10 , 11 }
2 1 1 1 1 1 2
2 1 1 1 1 2 1
R x = 2,1 , , , , , , ,0, , , , , , , ,1,2
3 3 4 2 6 9 9
9 9 6 4 3 3 2
y
R2 x = {4,2,0,2,4 }
R xy={18,12,9,8,6,4,3,2,1,0,1,2,3,4,6,8,9,12,18 }
X =Nmero de caras .
= { ( c , c , c ) , ( s , s , s ) , ( c ,c , s ) , ( s , s , c ) , ( c , s , c ) , ( s , c , s ) , ( s , c , c ) , ( c , s , s ) }
R x ={ 0,1,2,3 }
As:
P( X )
1/8
3/8
3/8
1/8
P( X )
1/8
3/8
3/8
1/8
A= [ X=1.5 ] ; B=[ X <2 ] ;C= [ 0.5< X <2.5 ] ; D=[ X 3.5 ] ; E=[ X <100 ]
1
P ( A )=P ( X <2 )=P ( X 1.5 )P ( X <1.5 ) =F ( 1.5 )lim F (1.5 )
n
n
( 1n )= lim 4 /8=1/ 2
F 2
( 48 )= 48 48 =0
7 1
P (C )= [ P ( X 2.5 )P(X < 2.5) ]
8 8
6
P (C )= =3 /4
8
1
P ( D )=P ( X 3.5 ) =1P ( X <3.5 )=1lim F(3.5 )
n
n
P ( D )=11=0
1
=lim 1=1
n n
{ }
0 , x <0
1
, 0 x <1
8
F ( X ) =P ( X x )= 4 ,1 x <2
8
7
, 2 x <3
8
1 , 3 x
d) Grafique
Px (X )
FUNCIN DE PROBABILIDAD
0.4
0.3
P( X)
0.2
0.1
0
0
0.5
1.5
X
e) Grafique
F x (X )
2.5
3.5
E ( X )= X i P ( X i )=0
i=1
( 18 )+1( 38 )+2( 38 )
E ( X )=3/2
2
X =nmero de lanzamientos
Solucin:
R X ={ 1,2,3, }
P ( Salga cara )=1/2
Luego:
1
2
( 12 )( 12 )
P ( X=2 ) =
1
2
( ) ( 12 )
P ( X=3 )=
es dado por:
1
1
1
+
+
+
2
2
2
() () ()
P ( A )=
() [
P ( A )=
[ ]
1
1 1
1
1
1
1+ 2 + 4 + =
=
2
4
1
3
2 2
1 2
2
1
P ( B ) =P ( X 5 )=F ( 5 )=1
2
()
P ( B )=31/32
P ( C )=1/4
( ( ))
1
1
P (C )=P ( X 3 )=1P ( X < 3 )=1 lim (3 )=1lim 1
n
2
n
n
xR
Si:
x< 1 , entonces
Si:
x 1 , tenemos:
P ( X )=0
[ ( )() ( ) ]
1 x
1
1
1 2
1
= 1+
+
++
2
2
2
2
2
()
X1
F ( X ) =P ( X x )=
i=1
1
F ( X )=
2
Por tanto:
[ ]
1
1
2
()
1
1( )
2
=1
1
2
()
0 , x <1
F ( X ) =P ( X x )=
1 X
1
, x1
2
d) Grafique
P( X )
()
FUNCIN DE PROBABILIDAD
0.6
0.4
P( X) 0.2
0
0
e) Grafique
F( X )
1
XP ( X )= X
2
x=1
()
E ( X ) =
x=1
( y ) x = 11 y ,|y|<1
x=0
x ( y ) =
x=0
y=
Con
x
x=1
y
, (1)
(1 y )2
1
2
1 x
=2=E ( X )
2
()
y
2
V ( X )=E ( X 2 )( E ( X ) )
Dnde:
1
X P ( X )= X
2
x=1
2
()
2
E ( X )=
x=1
Derivando (1):
y+ 1
,| y|<1
x 2 ( y )x1= (1
y )3
x=1
y ( y +1)
x 2 ( y )x = (1 y)3 ,| y|<1
x=1
y=
Con
x2
1
2
1 x
=6= E ( X 2 )
2
()
x=1
V ( X ) =( 6 )(2) =2
4. El nmero de automviles que un concesionario vende es una
v.a. con la siguiente funcin de cuanta.
kx si x=1,2,3,4,5
Px ( X )= k ( 10x ) si x=6,7,8,9
0 para otro caso
k , y calcule la probabilidad de los
Determine el valor de
siguientes eventos:
Solucin:
Se sabe:
9
P ( X ) =1
x=1
k +2 k +3 k+ 4 k +5 k +k ( 4 ) +k ( 3 ) + k (2 )+ k (1 ) =1
k=1/25
a) Se vende un nmero par de automviles
P ( PAR )=P ( 2 ) + P ( 4 )+ P ( 6 )+ P ( 8 )
P ( PAR )=
b) Se vende a lo ms 3 automviles
P ( X 3 ) =F ( 3 )
Dnde
0 , X <1
1/25 , 1 X < 2
3/25 , 2 X < 3
6/25 ,3 X < 4
P ( X )=P ( X 3 )= 10/25 , 4 X <5
15/25 , 5 X < 6
19/25 , 6 X< 7
22/25 , 7 X < 8
24/25 , 8 X <9
1,9 X
F 7
P ( X <7 ) =lim
n
d) Grafique
Px (X )
FUNCIN DE PROBABILIDAD
0.25
0.2
0.15
P( X)
0.1
0.05
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
X
F x (X )
.Interprete.
E ( X )=
E ( X )= XP ( X )
x=1
1
10
1
[ 12+ 22+3 2+ 4 2+5 2 ] + [ 6+7+8+ 9 ] [ 62+ 72 +82 +92 ]
25
25
25
E ( X )=5
g) Cul es la probabilidad de que el nmero de automviles
vendidos supere a su valor esperado?
15
25
P ( 5< X )=2/ 5
5. Hallar
Py (Y )
; para
Dnde:
RY ={ 1.2 .3.4 .5 .6 }
1
P(Y = y) 1/36
3/36
5/36
7/36
9/36
11/36
6. Sea la v.a.
k si x=1
2
k si x=2
Px ( X )=
3 k si x=3
0 caso contrario
Solucin:
3
a) Determine el valor de
P ( X =x )=1
x=1
k +2 k +3 k=1
k=1/6
b) Hallar:
Con:
0 , x <1
1/
6
, 1 x <2
F ( X ) =P ( X=x )=
3/ 6 , 2 x <3
1, x3
( 1n )= lim ( 16 )=1 /6
F 2
P ( X <2 )= lim
n
P ( X 2 )=F ( 2 ) 3 /6=1/3
3 1 3
P ( 0< X <2 ) =F ( 2 )F ( 1 ) P ( X =2 )= =1/ 4
6 6 36
X .
7. Para la v.a.
{( ) ( )
2
1 x
si x=0,1,2,3,
Px ( X ) = 3
3
0 caso contrario
Es
Px ( X )
Solucin
Se tiene:
1 x
2
=
3
3
()
P ( X )=
x=0
( )
1
1
3
2 1 x 2
=
3 3
3 x=0
( )( )
x=0
P ( X )= 1
x=0
As:
P ( X )= 1 y P ( X ) 0
x=0
Por tanto,
P(X)
c=correcta
i=incorrecta
R X ={ 0,1,2,3 }
Tambin:
X
P( X =x)
1/8
3/8
3/8
1/8
As:
0 , x< 0
1/8 , 0 x <1
F ( X ) =P ( X=x )= 4 /8 , 1 x< 2
7 /8 ,2 x <3
1, x3
b) Calcule la probabilidad, que a los ms una pregunta sea
correctamente respondida.
4
P ( X 1 )=F (1 )= =1 /2
8
c) Cul es la probabilidad de que por lo menos dos
preguntas sean correctamente respondidas?
1
P ( X 2 )=1P ( X <2 )=1lim F (2 )
n
n
P ( X 2 )=1lim
( 12 )=1 /2
( G ,G , G ) , ( G , G, NG ) , ( G , NG ,G ) ,
= ( NG . G .G ) , ( NG . NG .G ) , ( NG .G . NG ) ,
( G , NG , NG ) , ( NG , NG , NG )
R X ={ 0,1,2,3 }
P ( X=1 )=P ( No Ganael 1 contrato ) P ( No Ganael 2 contrato ) P ( Gana el3 contrato ) + P ( NoGan
P ( X=1 )= ( 0.6 ) ( 0.7 ) ( 0.6 ) + ( 0.6 ) ( 0.3 ) ( 0.4 )+ ( 0.4 ) ( 0.7 ) ( 0.4 ) =109/250
P ( X=2 ) =( 0.4 ) ( 0.3 ) ( 0.4 ) + ( 0.4 ) ( 0.7 ) ( 0.6 ) + ( 0.6 )( 0.3 ) ( 0.6 ) =81/250
P( X =x)
21/125
109/250
81/250
9/125
Por eso:
0 , x< 0
21/125 , 0 x<1
F ( X ) =P ( X x )= 151/250 ,1 x <2
116 /125 , 2 x <3
1, x 3
f x ( X )=
0 si x 2
Solucin
f ( X ) dx= 0 dx + (
1
(3+ 2 x )dx + 0 dx=1
18
4
Como:
+
f ( X ) dx=1 y f ( X) 0
P(2< x <3)
b) Calcule
3
P (2< X <3 )= f ( X )=
2
,y
F ( X )=
0 dx , x 2
0 , x 2
(
)
x
+5
(
x2)
F ( X )=
,2 x < 4
18
1, x4
Con esto:
P (2< X <3 )=F ( 3 )F ( 2 ) P ( X=3 ) =F ( 3 )0[ P ( X 3 )P( X < 3) ]
1
P (2< X <3 )=F ( 3 ) F ( 3 )lim F (3 )
n
n
[( ) ] [( ) ]
lim 3
P (2< X <3 )=
P (2< X <3 )=
9 1
lim 8 + 2
n n
n
18
E(X)
d) Hallar:
) =4 /9
Var ( X )
y
4
1
1
+5 3 2
n
n
18
E ( X )= xf ( x) dx=
2
1
(3 x+2 x 2) dx
18
E ( X )=83 /27
+
2
Var ( X )=
2
xf (x) dx
1 ( 2
83 2 88
83 2
3 x + 2 x 3 ) dx
=
=0.328
18
27
9
27
( ) ( )( )
x
f x ( X )= k e si x 0
0 en otro caso
Solucin
a) Encuentre el valor de
ex
f ( X ) = k e x dx= lim
k ex dx= lim k
n
n
( e1 )=k=1
f ( X )=k lim 1
n
k=1
b) Cul es la probabilidad de que un artculo elegido al azar
dure ms de 250 horas, si se sabe que segua funcionando
despus de 200 horas?
1/e x
250 +
1/e x
(1 ) (ex )dx
P [ X >250 ] 250
=
P [ X >200 ] +
(1 ) (e
200
P [ X >250 / X >200 ] =
c) Determine:
1
e 50
E(X)
Var ( X )
)dx
e x + x ex
lim n+1
n0 = n b
e
x
x e dx= lim
n
0
(1 ) x ex dx=
E ( X ) =
lim 1
E ( X )=1
n
n
=1
x 2+ 2 x +2
ex
2 x
x e dx12= lim
n
2
Var ( X )=E ( X )[ E ( X ) ] =
n2 +2 n+2
2 n+2
2
=2 lim
=2 lim n =2
n
n
n
n e
e
e
( )