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Formas bsicas
1.
k dx = kx + C
2.
xn dx =
3.
dx
x = ln x + C
4.
ex dx = ex + C
5.
ax dx =
6.
sen x dx = - cos x + C
7.
cos x dx = sen x + C
8.
sec2 x dx = tan x + C
9.
csc2 x dx = - cot x + C
10.
11.
12.
tan x dx = ln sec x + C
13.
cot x dx = ln sen x + C
14.
senh x dx = cosh x + C
15.
cosh x dx = senh x + C
16.
scualquier nmero kd
ax
+ C
ln a
sa 7 0, a Z 1d
dx
1
x
= a tan-1 a + C
2
2
La + x
dx
x
19.
= senh-1 a + C
2
2
L 2a + x
xn + 1
+ C
n + 1
sn Z - 1d
dx
x
= sen-1 a + C
L 2a2 - x2
dx
1
x
18.
= a sec-1 ` a ` + C
L x 2x2 - a2
dx
x
20.
= cosh-1 a + C sx 7 a 7 0d
2
2
L 2x - a
17.
sa 7 0d
21.
sax + bdn dx =
22.
xsax + bdn dx =
23.
1
sax + bd-1 dx = a ln ax + b + C
25.
xsax + bd-2 dx =
27.
A 2ax + b B
n Z -1
sax + bdn + 1 ax + b
b
c
d + C,
n + 2
n + 1
a2
1
b
c ln ax + b +
d + C
2
ax
+ b
a
2 A 2ax + b B
dx = a
n + 2
n Z - 1, - 2
24.
26.
n+2
+ C,
n Z -2
28.
x
b
xsax + bd-1 dx = a - 2 ln ax + b + C
a
dx
1
x
= ln `
` + C
b
ax
+ b
L xsax + bd
dx
L x2ax + b
2ax + b
dx = 2 2ax + b + b
x
T-1
T-2
29. (a)
30.
L x 2ax + b
dx
2ax + b - 2b
1
ln `
` + C
2b
2ax + b + 2b
2ax + b
2ax + b
dx
a
+
dx = + C
x
2
2
x
L x2ax + b
L
(b)
31.
L x 2ax - b
dx
L x 2ax + b
dx
ax - b
2
tan-1
+ C
A b
2b
= -
2ax + b
a
dx
+ C
bx
2b L x 2ax + b
dx
1
x
dx
x
1
x
= a tan-1 a + C
33.
= 2 2
+ 3 tan-1 a + C
2
2
2
2 2
2a sa + x2 d
2a
La + x
L sa + x d
dx
x
34.
= senh-1 a + C = ln A x + 2a2 + x2 B + C
L 2a2 + x2
x
a2
35.
2a2 + x2 dx = 2a2 + x2 +
ln A x + 2a2 + x2 B + C
2
2
L
x
a4
36.
x2 2a2 + x2 dx = sa2 + 2x2 d2a2 + x2 ln A x + 2a2 + x2 B + C
8
8
L
32.
37.
38.
39.
40.
2a2 + x2
a + 2a2 + x2
dx = 2a2 + x2 - a ln `
` +C
x
x
2a2 + x2
dx = ln A x + 2a2 + x2 B
x2
L
2a2 + x2
+ C
x
x 2a2 + x2
x2
a2
dx = - ln A x + 2a2 + x2 B +
+ C
2
2
L 2a2 + x2
a + 2a2 + x2
dx
1
= - a ln `
` + C
x
L x 2a2 + x2
41.
2a2 + x2
dx
= + C
a2x
L x2 2a2 + x2
dx
1
x + a
=
ln ` x - a ` + C
2
2
2a
La - x
dx
x
= sen-1 a + C
2
2
L 2a - x
L
x2 2a2 - x2 dx =
43.
45.
a
x
1
sen-1 a - x2a2 - x2 sa2 - 2x2 d + C
8
8
2a2 - x2
a + 2a2 - x2
dx = 2a2 - x2 - a ln `
` +C
x
x
x2
a2
x
1
dx =
sen-1 a - x 2a2 - x2 + C
2
2
2
L 2a - x
2
48.
50.
2a2 - x2
dx
= + C
a2x
L x2 2a2 - x2
L 2x - a 2
dx
= ln x + 2x 2 - a 2 + C
2x 2 - a 2 dx =
x
a2
2x 2 - a 2 ln x + 2x 2 - a 2 + C
2
2
dx
x
1
x + a
= 2 2
+ 3 ln ` x - a ` + C
2
2 2
2a sa - x2 d
4a
L sa - x d
L
2a2 - x2 dx =
x
a2
x
2a2 - x2 +
sen-1 a + C
2
2
2a2 - x2
2a2 - x2
-1 x
dx
=
sen
+ C
a
x
x2
L
a + 2a2 - x2
dx
1
= - a ln `
` + C
x
2
2
L x 2a - x
54.
x A 2x2 - a2 B
2 n
A 2x2 - a B dx =
56.
57.
58.
B dx =
x2 2x2 - a2 dx =
2-n
A 2x2 - a2 B
2 n
x A 2x - a
n + 1
x A 2x2 - a2 B
dx
=
55.
n
s2 - nda2
L A 2x2 - a2 B
2
n + 2
n+2
n-2
na2
A 2x2 - a2 B dx,
n + 1L
n - 3
dx
,
sn - 2da2 L A 2x2 - a2 B n - 2
+ C,
n Z -2
x
a4
s2x2 - a2 d2x2 - a2 ln x + 2x2 - a2 + C
8
8
2x2 - a2
2x2 - a2
dx = ln x + 2x2 - a2 + C
x
2
x
L
x2
a2
x
dx =
ln x + 2x2 - a2 + 2x2 - a2 + C
60.
2
2
2
2
L 2x - a
dx
1
x
1
a
= a sec-1 ` a ` + C = a cos-1 ` x ` + C
2
2
L x 2x - a
62.
Formas trigonomtricas
63.
1
sen ax dx = - a cos ax + C
65.
sen2 ax dx =
67.
senn ax dx = -
cosn ax dx =
x
sen 2ax
+ C
2
4a
senn - 1 ax cos ax
n - 1
+ n
na
2x2 - a2
dx
=
+ C
a2x
L x2 2x2 - a2
64.
1
cos ax dx = a sen ax + C
66.
cos2 ax dx =
cosn - 1 ax sen ax
n - 1
+ n
na
a2 Z b2
sen ax sen bx dx =
sensa - bdx
sensa + bdx
+ C,
2sa - bd
2sa + bd
a2 Z b2
cos ax cos bx dx =
sensa - bdx
sensa + bdx
+
+ C,
2sa - bd
2sa + bd
a2 Z b2
(b)
(c)
x
sen 2ax
+
+ C
2
4a
senn - 2 ax dx
cosn - 2 ax dx
L
cossa + bdx
cossa - bdx
sen ax cos bx dx = + C,
69. (a)
2sa + bd
2sa - bd
L
68.
n Z 2
2x2 - a2
x
dx = 2x2 - a2 - a sec-1 ` a ` + C
x
59.
61.
n Z -1
70.
sen ax cos ax dx = -
72.
cos ax
1
sen ax dx = a ln sen ax + C
74.
sen ax
1
cos ax dx = - a ln cos ax + C
75.
senn ax cosm ax dx = -
76.
senn ax cosm ax dx =
cos 2ax
+ C
4a
71.
senn ax cos ax dx =
73.
cosn ax sen ax dx = -
senn - 1 ax cosm + 1 ax
n - 1
+
senn - 2 ax cosm ax dx,
m + nL
asm + nd
senn + 1 ax cosm - 1 ax
m - 1
+
senn ax cosm - 2 ax dx,
m + nL
asm + nd
senn + 1 ax
+ C,
sn + 1da
n Z -m
m Z -n
n Z -1
cosn + 1 ax
+ C,
sn + 1da
n Z -1
T-3
T-4
p
dx
-2
b - c
ax
=
tan-1 c
tan a b d + C,
2
2
b
+
c
sen
ax
b
+
c
4
2
A
L
a2b - c
77.
b2 7 c2
78.
p
dx
1
ax
= - a tan a b + C
1
+
sen
ax
4
2
L
79.
80.
dx
2
b - c
ax
=
tan-1 c
tan d + C,
2
2
b
+
c
cos
ax
b
+
c
2
A
L
a2b - c
81.
p
dx
1
ax
= a tan a +
b + C
1
sen
ax
4
2
L
b2 7 c2
82.
b2 6 c2
b2 6 c2
dx
1
ax
= a tan
+ C
1
+
cos
ax
2
L
84.
dx
1
ax
= - a cot
+ C
1
cos
ax
2
L
85.
x sen ax dx =
86.
x cos ax dx =
87.
xn
n
xn sen ax dx = - a cos ax + a
88.
xn
n
xn cos ax dx = a sen ax - a
89.
1
tan ax dx = a ln sec ax + C
90.
1
cot ax dx = a ln sen ax + C
91.
1
tan2 ax dx = a tan ax - x + C
92.
1
cot2 ax dx = - a cot ax - x + C
94.
cotn ax dx = -
83.
1
x
sen ax - a cos ax + C
a2
L
xn - 1 cos ax dx
tan
ax
tann - 2 ax dx,
asn - 1d
L
1
x
cos ax + a sen ax + C
a2
L
xn - 1 sen ax dx
93.
tann ax dx =
95.
1
sec ax dx = a ln sec ax + tan ax + C
96.
1
csc ax dx = - a ln csc ax + cot ax + C
97.
1
sec2 ax dx = a tan ax + C
98.
1
csc2 ax dx = - a cot ax + C
99.
secn ax dx =
100.
cscn ax dx = -
101.
secn ax tan ax dx =
n-1
n Z 1
secn - 2 ax tan ax
n - 2
+
secn - 2 ax dx,
n - 1L
asn - 1d
n Z 1
cscn - 2 ax cot ax
n - 2
cscn - 2 ax dx,
+
n - 1L
asn - 1d
secn ax
na + C,
cotn - 1 ax
cotn - 2 ax dx,
asn - 1d
L
n Z 0
n Z 1
102.
cscn ax cot ax dx = -
104.
1
cos-1 ax dx = x cos-1 ax - a 21 - a2x2 + C
cscn ax
na + C,
n Z 0
105.
106.
xn sen-1 ax dx =
107.
xn cos-1 ax dx =
108.
1
sen-1 ax dx = x sen-1 ax + a 21 - a2x2 + C
tan-1 ax dx = x tan-1 ax -
xn tan-1 ax dx =
1
ln s1 + a2x2 d + C
2a
xn + 1
a
xn + 1 dx
sen-1 ax ,
n + 1
n + 1 L 21 - a2x2
xn + 1
a
xn + 1 dx
cos-1 ax +
,
n + 1
n + 1 L 21 - a2x2
xn + 1
a
xn + 1 dx
tan-1 ax ,
n + 1
n + 1 L 1 + a2x2
n Z -1
n Z -1
n Z -1
n Z 1
1
eax dx = a eax + C
111.
xeax dx =
113.
xnbax dx =
114.
eax sen bx dx =
eax
sa sen bx - b cos bxd + C
a2 + b2
115.
eax cos bx dx =
eax
sa cos bx + b sen bxd + C
a2 + b2
eax
sax - 1d + C
a2
xb
n
xn - 1bax dx,
a ln b
a ln b L
n ax
110.
1 bax
bax dx = a
+ C,
ln b
L
b 7 0, b Z 1
112.
1
n
xneax dx = a xneax - a
116.
ln ax dx = x ln ax - x + C
xn - 1eax dx
b 7 0, b Z 1
xn + 1sln axdm
m
xnsln axdm - 1 dx, n Z - 1
n
+
1
n
+
1
L
L
m+1
sln
axd
dx
118.
119.
x-1sln axdm dx =
+ C, m Z - 1
= ln ln ax + C
m + 1
L
L x ln ax
xnsln axdm dx =
117.
dx
x - a
= sen-1 a a b + C
2
L 22ax - x
L
22ax - x2 dx =
2 n
x - a
a2
x - a
22ax - x2 +
sen-1 a a b + C
2
2
A 22ax - x B dx =
sx - ad A 22ax - x2 B
125.
126.
127.
n + 1
sx - ad A 22ax - x2 B
dx
123.
n =
sn - 2da2
L A 22ax - x2 B
124.
2-n
n-2
na2
22ax - x2 B
dx
A
n + 1L
n - 3
dx
2
sn - 2da L A 22ax - x2 B n - 2
x 22ax - x2 dx =
22ax - x2
x - a
dx = 22ax - x2 + a sen-1 a a b + C
x
22ax - x2
2a - x
x - a
dx = - 2
- sen-1 a a b + C
x
2
A
x
L
x dx
x - a
= a sen-1 a a b - 22ax - x2 + C
L 22ax - x2
128.
dx
1 2a - x
= -a
+ C
A x
L x 22ax - x2
Formas hiperblicas
129.
1
senh ax dx = a cosh ax + C
131.
senh2 ax dx =
133.
senhn ax dx =
senh 2ax
x
- + C
4a
2
n-1
senh
ax cosh ax
n - 1
- n
na
130.
1
cosh ax dx = a senh ax + C
132.
cosh2 ax dx =
senhn - 2 ax dx,
n Z 0
senh 2ax
x
+ + C
4a
2
T-5
T-6
134.
coshn - 1 ax senh ax
n - 1
+ n
na
coshn ax dx =
135.
x
1
x senh ax dx = a cosh ax - 2 senh ax + C
a
137.
xn
n
xn senh ax dx = a cosh ax - a
139.
141.
coshn - 2 ax dx,
n Z 0
136.
x
1
x cosh ax dx = a senh ax - 2 cosh ax + C
a
138.
xn
n
xn cosh ax dx = a senh ax - a
1
tanh ax dx = a ln scosh axd + C
140.
1
coth ax dx = a ln senh ax + C
1
tanh2 ax dx = x - a tanh ax + C
142.
1
coth2 ax dx = x - a coth ax + C
1
ax
csch ax dx = a ln ` tanh ` + C
2
xn - 1 cosh ax dx
tanhn ax dx = -
tanh
ax
+
tanhn - 2 ax dx,
sn - 1da
L
n Z 1
144.
cothn ax dx = -
cothn - 1 ax
+
cothn - 2 ax dx,
sn - 1da
L
n Z 1
145.
1
sech ax dx = a sen-1 stanh axd + C
146.
147.
1
sech2 ax dx = a tanh ax + C
148.
149.
sechn ax dx =
150.
cschn ax dx = -
151.
sechn ax tanh ax dx = -
153.
eax senh bx dx =
154.
eax cosh bx dx =
143.
n-1
sechn - 2 ax tanh ax
n - 2
+
sechn - 2 ax dx,
n - 1L
sn - 1da
n Z 0
eax ebx
e-bx
c
d + C,
2 a + b
a - b
eax ebx
e-bx
c
+
d + C,
2 a + b
a - b
1
csch2 ax dx = - a coth ax + C
152.
n Z 1
L
cschn ax coth ax dx = -
cschn ax
+ C,
na
a2 Z b2
a2 Z b2
155.
157.
L0
p>2
sen x dx =
L0
p>2
n 7 0
1#3#5#
2#4#6#
cosn x dx = d # # #
2 4 6
3#5#7#
156.
# sn - 1d # p
,
#n
2
# sn - 1d
#n ,
xn - 1 senh ax dx
n Z 1
cschn - 2 ax coth ax
n - 2
cschn - 2 ax dx,
n - 1L
sn - 1da
sechn ax
+ C,
na
L0
e-ax dx =
1 p
,
2A a
a 7 0
si n es un entero par 2
si n es un entero impar 3
n Z 0
Frmulas de trigonometra
tan A + tan B
1 - tan A tan B
tan A - tan B
tan sA - Bd =
1 + tan A tan B
tan sA + Bd =
y
x
1
cos u = r =
sec u
Tangente:
y
1
tan u = x =
cot u
P(x, y)
y
!
x
2. Identidades
sen s - ud = - sen u,
cos s - ud = cos u
sen2 u + cos2 u = 1,
sen 2u = 2 sen u cos u,
cos2 u =
1 + cos 2u
,
2
sec2 u = 1 + tan2 u,
csc2 u = 1 + cot2 u
1 - cos 2u
2
sen aA -
sen aA +
p
b = - cos A,
2
p
b = cos A,
2
cos A cos B =
1
1
cos sA - Bd + cos sA + Bd
2
2
sen A cos B =
1
1
sen sA - Bd + sen sA + Bd
2
2
1
1
sA + Bd cos sA - Bd
2
2
1
1
sA + Bd sen sA - Bd
2
2
1
1
sA + Bd cos sA - Bd
2
2
1
1
sA + Bd sen sA - Bd
2
2
Funciones trigonomtricas
y ! sen x
Medida en radianes
Grados
"
4
45
C r
22
45
22
"
2
3" 2"
2
y ! sinx
Dominio: (", ")
Rango: [1, 1]
io
u l o u nit ar
c ul o d e r a di o
"
" "
2
"
2
"
3" 2"
2
"
2
"
4
90
rc
y ! cos x
Radianes
" "
2
p
b = - sen A
2
cos aA +
1
1
cos sA - Bd - cos sA + Bd
2
2
p
b = sen A
2
sen A sen B =
cos aA -
y ! tan x
y ! sec x
r
"
6
30
2
23
60
s
u
s
o
u = r,
r = 1 = u
180 = p radianes .
90
1
23
"
3
"
2
1
"
2
y ! csc x
1
" " 0
2
1
3" " " 0
2
2
y ! cot x
1
" " 0
2
"
2
SERIES
Criterios para la convergencia de series infinitas
Serie de Taylor
1
= 1 + x + x2 + + xn + = a xn,
1 - x
n=0
q
x 6 1
1
= 1 - x + x2 - + s - xdn + = a s - 1dnxn,
1 + x
n=0
q
ex = 1 + x +
sen x = x cos x = 1 -
x2
xn
xn
+ +
+ = a
,
2!
n!
n = 0 n!
q
x 6 1
x 6 q
q
s - 1dnx2n + 1
x3
x5
x2n + 1
+
- + s -1dn
+ = a
,
3!
5!
s2n + 1d!
n = 0 s2n + 1d!
q
s - 1dnx2n
x2
x4
x2n
+
- + s - 1dn
+ = a
,
2!
4!
s2nd!
n = 0 s2nd!
ln s1 + xd = x -
s - 1d
x2
x3
xn
+
- + s - 1dn - 1 n + = a
n
2
3
n=1
q
x 6 q
x 6 q
n-1 n
-1 6 x 1
1 + x
x3
x5
x2n + 1
x2n + 1
= 2 tanh-1 x = 2 ax +
+
+ +
+ b = 2a
,
1 - x
3
5
2n + 1
n = 0 2n + 1
q
ln
tan-1 x = x -
q
s - 1dnx2n + 1
x3
x2n + 1
x5
,
+
- + s - 1dn
+ = a
3
5
2n + 1
n = 0 2n + 1
x 6 1
x 1
Serie binomial
s1 + xdm = 1 + mx +
donde
msm - 1dx2
msm - 1dsm - 2dx3
msm - 1dsm - 2d sm - k + 1dxk
+
+ +
+
2!
3!
k!
q
m
= 1 + a a b xk,
k=1 k
m
a b = m,
1
x 6 1,
msm - 1d
m
a b =
,
2!
2
msm - 1d sm - k + 1d
m
a b =
k!
k
para k 3 .
0
0
0
=
i +
j +
k
0x
0y
0z
Divergencia # F =
2.
0M
0N
0P
+
+
0x
0y
0z
F # d r = sBd - sAd.
Laplaciano
0
* F = 4
0x
0
0y
0 4
0z
2 =
0 2
2
0x
0 2
2
0y
0z
vd # w
u * sv *
= sv * wd # u = sw * ud # v
wd = su # wdv - su # vdw
F # n ds =
# F dA
F
6
Teorema de la divergencia:
0 2
F # n ds =
# F dV
6
9
S
F # dr =
* F # k dA
F
6
Teorema de Stokes:
F # dr =
* F # n ds
6
F
Identidades vectoriales
En las siguientes identidades, f y g son funciones escalares derivables, F, F1 , y F2 son campos vectoriales derivables, y a y b son
constantes reales.
* s d = 0
sgd = g + g
# sgFd = g # F + g # F
* sgFd = g * F + g * F
# saF1 + bF2 d = a # F1 + b # F2
* saF1 + bF2 d = a * F1 + b * F2
sF1 # F2 d = sF1 # dF2 + sF2 # dF1 +
F1 * s * F2 d + F2 * s * F1 d
# sF1 * F2 d = F2 # * F1 - F1 # * F2
asb + cd = ab + ac,
a>b
a
c
ad + bc
+ =
,
b
d
bd
c>d
a#d
b c
- s - ad = a,
Cero
a0 = 1,
0a = 0
sabdm = ambm,
sam dn = amn,
Si a Z 0 ,
am
= am - n,
an
El teorema del binomio
a0 = 1,
a-m =
am>n = 2am =
1
.
am
n
aBm
A2
sa + bdn = an + nan - 1b +
Por ejemplo,
sa + bd2 = a2 + 2ab + b2,
sa - bd2 = a2 - 2ab + b2
au = x + sb>2ad, C = c -
- b ; 2b2 - 4ac
.
2a
b2
b
4a
FRMULAS DE GEOMETRA
A = rea, B = rea de la base, C = circunferencia,
S = rea lateral o rea de la superficie, V = volumen
Tringulo
Tringulos semejantes
c'
c
h
a'
Teorema de Pitgoras
c
b'
b
A ! 1 bh
2
Paralelogramo
a2 " b2 ! c2
Trapecio
Crculo
a
h
b
A ! !r 2,
C ! 2!r
b
A ! bh
A ! 1 (a " b)h
2
h
h
V ! Bh
B
V ! !r2h
S ! 2!rh ! rea lateral
Esfera
h
s
r
V ! 1 Bh
B
V ! 1 !r2h
3
V ! 43 !r3, S ! 4!r2
LMITES
Leyes generales
Frmulas especficas
Si Psxd = an xn + an - 1 xn - 1 + + a0 , entonces
lm sxd = L
x: c
lm gsxd = M,
x :c
entonces
lm Psxd = Pscd = an cn + an - 1 cn - 1 + + a0 .
x: c
lm ssxd + gsxdd = L + M
Regla de la suma:
x:c
Regla de la diferencia:
x:c
x:c
x:c
x:c
lm ssxd - gsxdd = L - M
lm ssxd # gsxdd = L # M
Psxd
Pscd
=
.
x :c Qsxd
Qscd
lm
lm sk # sxdd = k # L
lm
sxd
L
= ,
M
gsxd
M Z 0
Si (x) es continua en x = c , entonces
lm sxd = scd.
x:c
x:c
x :c
lm
x: 0
sen x
x = 1
lm
x:0
1 - cos x
= 0
x
Desigualdades
Regla de LHpital
Si sxd gsxd en un intervalo abierto que contiene a c, excepto posiblemente en x = c, y ambos lmites existen, entonces
lm sxd lm gsxd .
x: c
x:c
lm
x :a
sxd
sxd
= lm
,
x : a gsxd
gsxd
Continuidad
Si g es continua en L y lmx:c sxd = L , entonces
lm g(sxdd = gsLd .
x :c
REGLAS DE DERIVACIN
Frmulas generales
d
1
ssen-1 xd =
dx
21 - x2
du
dy
y
- u
d u
dx
dx
a b =
dx y
y2
d n
x = nxn - 1
dx
d
ssgsxdd = sgsxdd # gsxd
dx
Cociente:
Potencia:
Regla de la cadena:
Funciones trigonomtricas
d
ssen xd = cos x
dx
d
stan xd = sec2 x
dx
d
scot xd = - csc2 x
dx
d
scos xd = - sen x
dx
d
ssec xd = sec x tan x
dx
d
scsc xd = - csc x cot x
dx
d
1
ln x = x
dx
d
1
sloga xd =
dx
x ln a
d
1
stan-1 xd =
dx
1 + x2
d
1
scot-1 xd = dx
1 + x2
Funciones hiperblicas
d
ssenh xd = cosh x
dx
d
stanh xd = sech2 x
dx
d
scoth xd = - csch2 x
dx
d
1
scos-1 xd = dx
21 - x2
d
1
ssec-1 xd =
dx
x 2x2 - 1
d
1
scsc-1 xd = dx
x 2x2 - 1
d
scosh xd = senh x
dx
d
ssech xd = - sech x tanh x
dx
d
scsch xd = - csch x coth x
dx
d
1
stanh-1 xd =
dx
1 - x2
1
d
scoth-1 xd =
dx
1 - x2
Funciones paramtricas
d
1
scosh-1 xd =
2
dx
2x - 1
d
1
ssech-1 xd = dx
x 21 - x2
d
1
scsch-1 xd = dx
x 21 + x2
dy>dt
dy
=
dx
dx>dt
d2y
2
dx
dy>dt
dx>dt
REGLAS DE INTEGRACIN
Frmulas generales
Cero:
Orden de la integracin:
La
Lb
sxd dx = 0
sxd dx = -
La
sxd dx
b
ksxd dx = k sxd dx
La
La
Mltiplos constantes:
Sumas y diferencias:
La
La
- sxd dx = -
La
sk = - 1d
sxd dx
ssxd ; gsxdd dx =
scualquier nmero kd
La
sxd dx ;
La
gsxd dx
sxd dx
La
Lb
La
Desigualdad mx-mn: Si mx f y mn f son los valores mximo y mnimo de f en [a, b], entonces
sxd dx +
Aditividad:
sxd dx =
mn # sb - ad
sxd gsxd
Dominancia:
sxd 0
en
en
[a, b]
[a, b]
implica
implica
La
La
La
sxd dx mx # sb - ad.
sxd dx
La
gsxd dx
sxd dx 0
F(x) =
d
std dt = sxd.
dx La
sgsxdd # gsxd dx =
Lgsad
sud du
La
La
sxd gsxd dx
asb + cd = ab + ac,
a>b
a
c
ad + bc
+ =
,
b
d
bd
c>d
a#d
b c
- s - ad = a,
Cero
a0 = 1,
0a = 0
sabdm = ambm,
sam dn = amn,
Si a Z 0,
am
= am - n,
an
El teorema del binomio
a0 = 1,
a-m =
am>n = 2am = A 2a B m
1
.
am
sa + bdn = an + nan - 1b +
Por ejemplo,
sa + bd2 = a2 + 2ab + b2,
sa - bd2 = a2 - 2ab + b2
au = x + sb>2ad, C = c -
- b ; 2b2 - 4ac
.
2a
b2
b
4a
REGLAS DE INTEGRACIN
Frmulas generales
Cero:
Orden de la integracin:
Mltiplos constantes:
Sumas y diferencias:
Aditividad:
La
Lb
La
La
La
La
sxd dx = 0
sxd dx = -
La
La
ksxd dx = k
-sxd dx = -
sxd dx
La
Lb
sk = - 1d
sxd dx
ssxd ; gsxdd dx =
sxd dx +
scualquier nmero kd
sxd dx
La
sxd dx ;
La
sxd dx =
La
gsxd dx
sxd dx
Desigualdad mx-mn: Si mx f y mn f son los valores mximo y mnimo de f en [a, b], entonces
mn # sb - ad
sxd gsxd
Dominancia:
sxd 0
en
en
[a, b]
[a, b]
implica
implica
La
La
La
sxd dx mx # sb - ad.
sxd dx
La
gsxd dx
sxd dx 0
F(x) =
d
std dt = sxd.
dx La
sgsxdd # gsxd dx =
Lgsad
sud du
La
sxdgsxd dx = sxdgsxd D a -
La
sxdgsxd dx