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Documentos de Profesional
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MULTICOMPONENTE
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE
INGENIERA
Facultad de Ingeniera Qumica y Textil
Profesor: Ing. Celso Montalvo
1
CELSO MONTALVO
CELSO MONTALVO
CELSO MONTALVO
CELSO MONTALVO
CELSO MONTALVO
Problema 1
Solucin
CELSO MONTALVO
Problema 1
% molar
0.0725
0.1650
0.2750
0.1773
0.3102
1.0000
CELSO MONTALVO
Fondos
0.00
0.00
X
840 -Y
1,470.00
2310 +X - Y
Problema 1
Y
1890 X + Y
X
2310 + X Y
CELSO MONTALVO
CELSO MONTALVO
10
ij
i i
CELSO MONTALVO
11
ij
CELSO MONTALVO
12
Problema 2
nC6
150
nC7
272
nC8
200
nC9
180
Solucin
CELSO MONTALVO
13
Problema 2
=
Pi exp C1 +
+ C 3 ln (T ) + C 4 T C 5 Pi en Pa, T en K.
T
Comp
nC5
nC6
nC7
nC8
nC9
Fi, kmol/h
120.000
150.000
272.000
200.000
180.000
922.000
C1
78.741
104.65
87.829
96.084
109.35
C2
-5420.3
-6995.5
-6996.4
-7900.2
-9030.4
C3
-8.8253
-12.702
-9.8802
-11.003
-12.882
C4
0.00000962
0.0000124
0.00000721
0.00000718
0.00000785
C5
2
2
2
2
2
zi
0.1302
0.1627
0.2950
0.2169
0.1952
1.000
CELSO MONTALVO
Ki=Pi/Pt
3.8619
1.5085
0.6102
0.2517
0.1061
= Ki/Kr
15.3407
5.9921
2.4240
1.0000
0.4213
.xi
1.99662
0.97485
0.71512
0.21692
0.08225
3.98576
yi
0.5009
0.2446
0.1794
0.0544
0.0206
1.0000
14
J 1 xlkD D lk J xhkD D
+
1
z
F
lk
lkF
lk 1 zhkF F
CELSO MONTALVO
15
Comp
C1
C2
C3
nC4
nC5
nC6
==>
F, moles/h
30.00
70.00
150.00
330.00
300.00
120.00
1,000.00
zF
0.03
0.07
0.15
0.33
0.30
0.12
1.00
D, moles/h
30.00
70.00
147.00
130.60
3.00
0.00
380.60
xD
0.08
0.18
0.39
0.34
0.01
0.00
1.00
B, moles/h
0.00
0.00
3.00
199.40
297.00
120.00
619.40
xB
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.32
0.48
0.19
1.00
Ki
21.00
5.90
2.49
0.95
0.40
0.18
30.92
80C
53.16
14.94
6.30
2.41
1.00
0.46
78.27
xJDD/zJFF
9.550
2.559
0.980
0.267
0.010
-0.090
13.28
CELSO MONTALVO
16
j z jF
= 1 q
j
CELSO MONTALVO
j x jD
Rm + 1
=
j
17
CELSO MONTALVO
18
Comp
n-Heptane
n-Octane
n-Nonane
n-Decane
Fi, kmol/h
150.000
160.000
125.000
85.000
580.000
Di, kmol/h
150.0000
158.4000
1.2500
0.0000
369.650
Bi, kmol/h
0.0000
1.6000
123.7500
85.0000
210.3500
Pi, kPa
243.252
117.885
58.670
29.277
Ki=Pi/Pt
2.4007
1.1634
0.5790
0.2889
= Ki/Kr
4.1461
2.0093
1.0000
0.4990
xJDD/zJFF Distribuye?
3.0648
No
0.9900
Si
0.0100
Si
-0.4765
No
CELSO MONTALVO
19
Donde:
K
= LK
lkAv
K
HK
LK
K
TOP HK
BOTTOM
Comp
iC4
nC4
iC5
nC5
C6
C7
C8
C9
xD
0.0256
0.9445
0.0278
0.0021
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
1.000
xB
0.0000
0.0147
0.0563
0.0343
0.0563
0.0958
0.6667
0.0759
1.000
CELSO MONTALVO
20
0.5
N Nm
= 1 e 11+117.2 X X
N +1
Donde:
X=
R Rmin
R +1
CELSO MONTALVO
21
CELSO MONTALVO
22
Ejemplo:
CELSO MONTALVO
23
xLK , B
xHK , D
B
D
0.206
CELSO MONTALVO
24
ziF F
xhkD D
Nm
1+
(
)
ihkAv
xhkB B
x D
Nm
ziF F hkD ( ihkAv )
xhkB B
xiD D =
x D
Nm
1 + hkD ( ihkAv )
xhkB B
CELSO MONTALVO
25
tope
2.8100
----0.7370
0.3030
0.1230
0.0454
0.0198
4.038
CELSO MONTALVO
fondo
1.6000
----0.8190
0.5000
0.2780
0.1670
0.1080
3.472
geo mean
2.1200
----0.7770
0.3890
0.1850
0.0870
0.0463
3.604
xD
11.9732
442.0000
13.0000
0.8510
2.97E-03
6.87E-06
5.98E-08
2.48E-11
467.827
xB
0.0268
6.0000
23.0000
14.1490
22.9970
39.1000
272.2000
31.0000
408.473
26
Problema 3
Solucin
C1
0.03
C2
0.07
C3
0.15
nC4
0.33
nC5
0.3
nC6
0.12
CELSO MONTALVO
Comp
C1
C2
C3
nC4
nC5
nC6
==>
F,moles/h
0.0300
0.0700
0.1500
0.3300
0.3000
0.1200
1.0000
mol Dest
0.0300
0.0700
0.1470
X
0.0030
0.0000
0.25 + X
mol Fondos
0.0000
0.0000
0.0030
Y
0.2970
0.1200
0.42 + Y
27
Problema 3
zF
0.030
0.070
0.150
0.330
0.300
0.120
1.000
P.M.
C1
16.043 39.205
30.07 51.857
44.097 59.078
58.123 66.343
72.15 78.741
86.177 104.650
C2
C3
-1324.40 -3.44
-2598.70 -5.13
-3492.60 -6.07
-4363.20 -7.05
-5420.30 -8.83
-6995.50 -12.70
C4
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
C5
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
zF
0.030
0.070
0.150
0.330
0.300
0.120
1.000
Pvap i
Ki
2.20E+08 212.2667
1.21E+07 11.6542
3.25E+06 3.1393
1.06E+06 1.0229
3.87E+05 0.3739
1.50E+05 0.1455
y*i
0.0762
0.1580
0.2565
0.3346
0.1485
0.0262
1.0000
xi
0.0004
0.0136
0.0817
0.3271
0.3972
0.1802
1.0000
y*
+ 1
zJ ,F
D
=
W 1
1+
D KJ
J ,D
=1
xJ ,W =
y *J , D
=1
J ,W
KJ
F= D + W
W=Fondos, D=Destilado
CELSO MONTALVO
28
Problema 3
j z jF
j x jD D
D( Rm + 1)
=
= 1 q
j
j
568.5 0.03 31.3 0.07 8.43 0.15 2.74 0.33 1 0.3 0.388 0.12
+
+
+
+
+
=
1 0.6092
568.5
31.3
8.43
2.74
1
0.388
Comp
C1
C2
C3
nC4
nC5
nC6
==>
Ki
= Ki/Kr zF/() zF/() xD/()
209.3097 568.4919
0.0303
0.0301
0.030336
11.5349 31.3291
0.0876
0.0735
0.087600
3.1040 8.4306
0.5920
0.1827
0.580164
1.0095 2.7419
-0.2547
0.7343
0.3682 1.0000
-0.0567
-0.5887 -0.000567
0.1430 0.3883
-0.0079
-0.0416
0.000000
0.0000
-0.0003
0.6975
xD/()
0.030080
0.073544
0.179064
-0.005887
0.000000
0.2768
No se conoce
xnC4D
CELSO MONTALVO
29
Problema 3
Resolviendo:
xnC 4 D = 0.1402
D ( R min + 1) =
0.5892
D
0.0300
0.0700
0.1470
0.1402
0.0030
0.0000
0.3902
yi = xi
0.0768
0.1793
0.3765
0.3596
0.0077
0.0000
1.0000
Pi
1.12E+08
7.14E+06
1.80E+06
5.25E+05
1.70E+05
5.86E+04
Ki
108.6220
6.9036
1.7385
0.5080
0.1646
0.0567
= Ki/Kr
659.7636
41.9321
10.5594
3.0854
1.0000
0.3442
yi/
0.0001
0.0043
0.0357
0.1166
0.0077
0.0000
0.1643
B
0
0
0.0030
0.1896
0.2970
0.1200
0.6096104
xi
0
0
0.0049
0.3110
0.4872
0.1968
1
Pi
4.28E+08
1.92E+07
5.32E+06
1.87E+06
7.46E+05
3.17E+05
Ki
413.6576
18.5209
5.1433
1.8080
0.7212
0.3067
= Ki/Kr
573.5358
25.6792
7.1311
2.5067
1.0000
0.4253
.xi
0.0000
0.0000
0.0351
0.7797
0.4872
0.0837
1.3857
30
Problema 3
0.5892
0.5892
=
1
=
1 0.5100
D
0.3908
R=
2 R min =
1.02
lkAv
Nm
K
K
LK
LK
=
K
K
HK D HK B
1.74 5.14
=
8.68
0.16 0.72
x x
0.38 0.487
log LK HK
log
xHK D xLK W
0.0077 0.0049
=
1
=
1 2.93
log( LKAv )
log(8.68)
CELSO MONTALVO
31
Problema 3
1+ 54.40.2523 0.25231
0.5
N Nm
0.5
=
1 e 11+117.2 X X =
1 e 11+117.20.2523 0.2523 =
0.4174
N +1
CELSO MONTALVO
32
Problema 4
Se va a destilar una mezcla con la composicin mostrada. Se
desea obtener en los fondos menos de 1% del n-octano
alimentado, y que en el destilado haya menos de 1% de n-nonano.
Asumir que en la columna la presin es constante a 1 atm. La
mezcla se alimenta en el punto de burbuja. Usar el mtodo
Shortcut y considerar mezclas ideales. Calcular:
1. El Punto Burbuja de la Alimentacin y del Fondo. Punto de Roco
del Destilado.
2. El nmero mnimo de platos.
3. El reparto de los componentes en destilado y fondos.
4. El Reflujo mnimo.
5. El nmero de platos para un reflujo 2 veces el mnimo.
6. Estimar el plato de alimentacin.
Solucin
CELSO MONTALVO
33
Problema 4
zF
F, kmol/h
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
n-Hexane
0.1034
60
104.65
-6995.5
-12.702
1.24E-05
n-Heptane
0.2586
150
87.829
-6996.4
-9.8802
7.21E-06
n-Octane
0.2759
160
96.084
-7900.2
-11.003
7.18E-06
n-Nonane
0.2155
125
109.35
-9030.4
-12.882
7.85E-06
n-Decane
0.1466
85
112.73
-9749.6
-13.245
7.13E-06
1.000
580
CELSO MONTALVO
34
Problema 4
Pi
3.32E+05
1.50E+05
6.90E+04
3.24E+04
1.53E+04
Ki
3.2778
1.4848
0.6810
0.3202
0.1507
= Ki/Kr
10.2361
4.6369
2.1267
1.0000
0.4705
.xi
1.0589
1.1992
0.5867
0.2155
0.0690
3.1293
1/.xi = Kr
1/.xi - Kr
0.3196
0.0007
yi =
i xi
i xi
yi
0.3384
0.3832
0.1875
0.0689
0.0220
1.0000
F,moles/h
60.0000
150.0000
160.0000
125.0000
85.0000
580.0000
mol
Destilado
60.0000
150.0000
158.4000
1.2500
0.0000
369.6500
CELSO MONTALVO
mol
Fondos
0.0000
0.0000
1.6000
123.7500
85.0000
210.3500
x
Destilado
0.1623
0.4058
0.4285
0.003382
0.0000
1.0000
x Fondos
0.0000
0.0000
0.007606
0.5883
0.4041
1.0000
1% del total
alimentado
35
Problema 4
(yi/) =Kr
0.3002
(yi/) - Kr
-0.0376
yi = xi
Pi
Ki
= Ki/Kr
yi/
n-Hexane
60.0000
0.1623
2.89E+05
2.8486
10.8472
0.0150
n-Heptane
150.0000
0.4058
1.28E+05
1.2650
4.8171
0.0842
n-Octane
158.4000
0.4285
5.77E+04
0.5694
2.1683
0.1976
n-Nonane
1.2500
0.0034
2.66E+04
0.2626
1.0000
0.0034
n-Decane
0.0000
0.0000
1.23E+04
0.1211
0.4613
0.0000
369.6500
1.0000
Comp
==>
xi =
yi / i
yi / i
0.3002
B
0.0000
0.0000
1.6000
123.7500
85.0000
210.35
xi
0
0
0.0076
0.5883
0.4041
1
Pi
8.33E+05
4.25E+05
2.19E+05
1.16E+05
6.18E+04
Ki
8.2241
4.1914
2.1597
1.1449
0.6102
= Ki/Kr
7.1831
3.6609
1.8864
1.0000
0.5330
1/.xi = Kr
1.2225
1/.xi - Kr
.xi
0.0000
0.0000
0.0143
0.5883
0.2154
0.8180
-0.0775
yi =
i xi
i xi
CELSO MONTALVO
36
Problema 4
Fi, kmol/h
60.000
150.000
160.000
125.000
85.000
580.000
Di, kmol/h
60.0000
150.0000
158.4000
1.2500
0.0000
369.650
Bi, kmol/h
0.0000
0.0000
1.6000
123.7500
85.0000
210.3500
Pi, kPa
507.035
243.252
117.885
58.670
29.277
Ki=Pi/Pt
5.0040
2.4007
1.1634
0.5790
0.2889
xJD D J 1 xlkD D lk J
=
+
z JF F lk 1 zlkF F lk 1
CELSO MONTALVO
= Ki/Kr
8.6421
4.1461
2.0093
1.0000
0.4990
xJDD/zJFF Distribuye?
7.4304
No
3.0648
No
0.9900
Si
0.0100
Si
-0.4765
No
xhkD D
zhkF F
37
Problema 4
Ki
5.0040
2.4007
1.1634
0.5790
0.2889
j x jD D
D( Rm + 1)
=
j
= Ki/Kr
8.6421
4.1461
2.0093
1.0000
0.4990
Iterar el valor de
hasta obtener aqu 0.
zF/()
0.1202
0.3642
0.6866
-1.0669
-0.1040
0.0001
zF/()
0.1515
0.7629
-0.7579
-0.1238
-0.0326
0.0000
xD/()
69.693501
211.242041
394.255728
-6.187771
0.000000
669.0035
xD/()
87.863137
442.483368
-435.206254
-0.718149
0.000000
94.4221
CELSO MONTALVO
38
Problema 4
= LK
lkAv K
HK
xLK xHK
K
log
LK
x
x
HK D LK W
K=
Nm
1
TOP HK BOTTOM
log( LKAv )
0.3091
(N-Nm)/(N+1)
0.3742
As, N =
19.8519
CELSO MONTALVO
R Rmin
X=
R +1
1+ 54.4 X X 1
0.5
N Nm
11+117.2 X X
= 1 e
N +1
39
Plato de Alimentacin:
N R z HK , F
=
N S z LK , F
xLK , B
xHK , D
Problema 4
B
D
0.206
NR/NS =
1.18175
NR =
10
NS =
10
CELSO MONTALVO
40
CELSO MONTALVO
41
FIN
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE
INGENIERA
Facultad de Ingeniera Qumica y Textil
Profesor: Ing. Celso Montalvo
42