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-200
400kgf/m
2
0
PLANTEAMIENTO Y SOLUCION
F y = R B + RC
4
400 kgf
400 kgf
(2 m)
( 2 m) =0
2
m
2
m
+
+ M ZB =400 kgf
1
x1
x2
x3
x4
RC =
800 kgf m
2m
RC =400 kgf
300
200
Sustiuyendo en la ecuacin 1
100
-100
Despejando Rb
400
0.5
1.5
-200
-300
-400
Figura 5. Diagrama V(x)
2.5
3.5
RB =400 kgf
DETERMINACION DE FUNCIONES DE CORTANTE Y MOMENTO
FLECTOR
En el diagrama de cargas (fig. 2) se selecciona y posicionan
los ejes referenciales al extremo izquierdo o derecho de la
viga. Se secciona la viga perpendicularmente a su eje en cada
posicin Xi, se dibuja el diagrama de cuerpo libre de cada uno
de los segmentos. Se utilizan las definiciones matemticas
V(x)=Fi=-Fd; y M(x)= Mi=Md; para plantear funciones
de cortante y momento flector, de acuerdo con la convencin
de signos adoptados para cada fuerza interna; por el mtodo
de:
a)
Secciones
400kgf/m
M ( x 2 ) = M izq ( x )=
V(x)
M(x)
( )
x
1
200 x2 ) ( x 2 ) 2 + 400 ( x 2 )
(
2
3
M(x)
Rc
M ( x2)=
100 ( x 2 )
3
+ 400 ( x2 ) kgf m
V(x)
x1
M(t)
V(t)
1
2
V ( x1 ) = Fizq ( x )=
( 200 x1 ) x 1=V ( x 1) =[100 ( x1 ) ]kgf
2
V(t)
Rb
1
2
3
x 21 100 ( x 1 )
M izq ( x )=[ ( 200 x1 ) ( x 1 )
]kgf m
=
3
3
M ( x 1 )=
( )
M(t)
x3
Figura 3(b) Diagrama de cuerpo libre para 2<x3<4
t=x 32
1
V ( t )= F izq (t )=400+ 400 (200 t+800 ) t
2
V ( t )=[100t 2400 t]kgf
400 kgf/m
3
2
2 200 t 400 (3 ) ( t )
M ( t )=400 (t +1 )400 t + +
[kgfm]
3
6
( )
V(x)
M(x)
M(x)
400 kgf/m
V(x)
Rb
M(x)
x2
V(x)
V ( x2 ) = Fizq ( x )=
2
M(x)
1
200 x2 ) x 2+ 400=[100 ( x 1 )2 +400 ]kgf
(
2
Rb
Rc
V(x)
x4
t=x 42
100 ( x1 )
M ( x 1 )=
[ kgfm ]
3
1
V ( t )= F izq (t )=400+ 400 (200 t+800 ) t + 400
2
Para; 1<x2<2
100 ( x 2) 3
2 200 t 400 ( 3 ) ( t )
M ( x2 )=
+400 ( x 2 ) [ kgfm ]
M ( t )= 400 ( t+1 ) 400 t+ +
+400 t kgfm
3
3
6
( )
b) Discontinuidad
Para; 2<x3<3
Para; 0<x<4
V(x)
M(x)
Rb
Rc
V(x)
3
x1>1 + 400
x0> 3+ 400
100
M izq ( x )=
3
M ( x ) =
Se generan las ecuaciones especificas para cada
rango, por medio de la caloracion del operador
matemtico:
Para; 0<x1<1
V ( x1 ) =100 ( x 1 )2 [ kgf ]
3
2 200 (x3 2)
+
3
Para; 3<x4<4
x
x
( 42)+400 [ kgf ]
( 42)2400
V ( x 4 )=100
x
( 42)+1
x
2
( 42)+
3
x
x
( 42)2
x
( 42) [ kgf m ]
( 42)3400 (3 )
200
M ( x 4 )=400
RESULTADOS:
Aplicando las ecuaciones resultantes por cualquier
mtodo se evalan en los rangos correspondientes
Para; 0<x1<1
V ( x1 ) =100 ( x 1 )2 [ kgf ]
V ( 0 m )=0 [kgf ]
V ( 0.5 m )=25[ kgf ]
V ( 1 m )=100[ kgf ]
M ( 0 m ) =0[kgf m]
100 ( x1 )3
M ( x 1 )=
[ kgfm ] M ( 0.2 m )=.2666[kgfm]
3
M ( 0.5 m) =4.1666[kgf m]
M ( 1 m )=33.333[kgfm]
Para; 1<x2<2
V ( 1 m )=300[kgf ]
2
V ( x2 ) =100 ( x 1 ) +400 [ kgf ] V ( 1.5 m )=175[kgf ]
V ( 2 m )=0[kgf ]
x
( 42)+1
x
2
( 42)+
3
x
x
( 42)2
x
M ( 3 m) =33.33 [kgf m]
M
( 3.2m )=17.066[kgf m]
( 42) [ kgfm]
M ( 3.5 m )=4.166 [kgfm]
M ( 4 m) =0[kgf m]
( 42)3400 ( 3 )
200
M ( x 4 )=400
M ( 1 m )=33.333[kgfm]
M ( 1.2m )=22.4[kgf m]
100 ( x 2)
M ( x2 )=
+400 ( x 2 ) [ kgfm ] M ( 1.5 m) =87.5[kgf m]
3
M ( 1.8 m )=125.66[kgf
m]
Los
resultados grficos se muestran en las figuras 5 y
M ( 2 m )=133.33[kgf6m]
3
CONCLUSIONES
Para; 2<x3<3
)
2 200 (x3 2) 400(3)((xM32)
)=125.6[kgf
m]
[ kgf
m( 2.2
] enmx=2
m
max=133.33
M ( x 3 ) =400 ( (x3 2)+1 ) 400 ( x 32)+ +
[ kgf m
] M
Positiva:
3
6
M ( 2.5 m )=87.5[kgf m]
M ( 3 m )=33.33[kgf m]
Para; 3<x4<4
x
x
V ( 3 m )=100 [kgf ]
( 42)+400 [ kgf ] V ( 3.5 m )=0 [kgf ]
V ( 4 m )=0[kgf ]
( 42)2400
V ( x 4 ) =100
-400
1000kgf/
m
2
0
PLANTEAMIENTO Y SOLUCION
4
3
F y = Q
( 2 m )
( 2 m )=0
m 3
2 m
2 m
+
( )
Q=1500
kgf
m
x1
500
400
300
200
100
0
-1001
-200
-300
-400
-500
x2
x3
x4
a)
Secciones
1.5
2.5
3.5
1000kgf/m
4
V(x)
M(x)
M(x)
V(x)
x1
Figura 3(a) Diagrama de cuerpo libre para 0<x1<1.33
1000
kgf/m
1
2
500 x1 ) x 1=V ( x1 ) =[250 ( x1 ) ]kgf
(
2
M(t)
1
2
V(t)
M izq ( x )=
1
V(t)
M ( x 1 )=
M(t)
x3
Figura 3(b) Diagrama de cuerpo libre para 2<x3<4
t=x 32
1
V ( t )= F izq (t )=1000+ 1000 (500t +1000+1000 ) t+
2
Para; 1.33< x 2 <2
V(x)
M(x)
M ( t )=
1
t
t
(500 t+ 1000+1000 ) (t )
+1500 ( t )
1000
2
3
2
M ( t )=
()
()
250 3
t 1000
t +500
kgf m
3
2
3
M(x)
V(x)
1000
kgf/m
x2
M(x)
V(x)
V ( x2 ) = Fizq ( x )=
2
M(x)
1
4
500 x2 ) x 2+ 1500( x 2 )kgf
(
2
3
V(x)
x4
x2
1
4 1
4
M ( x 2 ) = M izq ( x )=
(x2 3(b)
)[kgfm]
( 500 x2 ) ( x 2 ) 3 +1500 (x 2 3 ) 2 Figura
Diagrama de cuerpo libre para 3<x4<4
2
3
2
( )
()
t=x 42
3
1
250 ( x 2 ) 1500
2
4
8
( t )= F izq (t )=1000+ 1000 (500t +1000+1000 ) t+
M ( x2 )=
+
x 2 ) (1500) ( x 2 ) +(1500) kgfVm
(
2
3
2
3
9
( )(
( )]
( )
Para; 1.33<x2<2
V ( x2 ) =
b) Discontinuidad
1
4
500 x 2 ) x 2 +1500( x 2 ) [ kgf ]
(
2
3
Para; 0<x<4
M ( x2 )=
M(x)
250 ( x 2)
3
1500
4
8
2
( x 2 ) (1500) ( x 2 )+(1500) [ kg
2
3
9
V(x)
Para; 2<x3<2.66
M(x)
V(x)
8
x >1+500 x2> 2 [kgf ]
3
4
x > 11500
3
x0>2+ 1500
F izq ( x ) =250
V ( x )=
3
x2> [kgfm]
8 2 500
x > +
3
3
4
1500
x >2
3
2
1500
x0> 3+
2
250
M izq ( x ) =
3
M ( x )=
( x 2) 1000
250
M ( x3 )=
(x 32)3+ 500 3
[ kgf m ]
3
2
3
Para; 2.66<x4<4
x
x
( 42)+1000 [ kgf ]
( 42)21000
V ( x 4 )=250
x
x
x
2000
( 42)
[ kgf m ]
3
( 42)2
+1000
2
( 42)31000
250
M ( x4 )=
3
RESULTADOS:
Aplicando las ecuaciones resultantes por cualquier
mtodo se evalan en los rangos correspondientes
Para; 0<x1<1.33
x
x
V ( 2.66 m) =444.44 [kgf ]
V ( 3 m )=250 [ kgf ]
( 42)+1000 [ kgf ]
V ( 3.5 m )=62.5 [ kgf ]
V ( 4 m )=0[kgf ]
V ( x1 ) =250 ( x 1 )2 [ kgf ]
V ( 0 m )=0 [ kgf ]
V (1 m )=250[kgf ]
V ( 1.33 m )=444.44 [kgf ]
M ( 0 m )=0[kgf m]
250 ( x 1) 3
M ( x 1 )=
[ kgfm ] M ( 0.2 m) =.6666 [kgfm]
3
M ( 0.5 m )=10.41666 [kgf m]
M ( 1.33 m)=197.53[kgfm]
( 42)21000
V ( x 4 ) =250
x
x
x
Para; 1.33<x2<2
M ( 2.66 m )=197.53[kgf m]
V ( 1.33 m) =444.44 [kgf ] 2000
( 42)
[ kgf m ] M ( 3.2 m )=42.66 [kgfm]
1
4
(
)
V
1.5m
=312.5
[
kgf
]
3
M ( 3.5m )=10.41[kgf m]
V ( x2 ) =
( 500 x 2 ) x 2 +1500( x 2 3 ) [ kgf ]
2
V ( 1.75m )=140.625 [ kgf ]
M ( 4 m )=0[kgf m]
(
)
V 2 m =0[kgf ]
( 42)2
+1000
2
3
( 42)
M ( 1.33 m) =197.53
[kgf1000
m]
3
250
M ( 1.5 m) =260.41[kgf
250 ( x 2) 1500
M ( x 4 )= m]
4
8
2
M ( x2 )=
+
x
(1500)
x
+(1500)
[
kgfm
]
3
( 2)
( )
M (1.7 m) =308.58 [kgfm]
3
2
3 2
9
M (1.8 m )=322.66 [kgfm]
Los resultados grficos se muestran en las figuras 5 y
M ( 2 m)=333.33 [kgf m]
CONCLUSIONES
Para; 2<x3<2.66
V ( 2 m )=0[ kgf ]
Positiva: V max =444.44 [ kgf ] en x=1.33 m
V ( x3 ) =250(x 32)2 +500(x 32) [ kgf ] V ( 2.25 m )=140.625[kgf ]
V (2.5 m )=312.5 [ kgf ]
V max =444.44 [ kgf ] en x=2.66 m
V ( 2.66 m )=444.44Negativa:
[ kgf ]
M ( 2 m )=333.333[ kgfm]
2
(x
2)
Negativo: M max=333.33 [ kgf m ] en x=2m
250
1000
3
3
M ( x3 )=
( x 32) + 500