Magnetostriccin en

materiales magnetico en
un Transformador
Este es un 2D axi-simtrica modelo de un transductor
magnetoestrictivo.
Transduccin Magnetostrictivo se utiliza en los sonares,
dispositivos acsticos, control activo de vibraciones y la
posicin y los sistemas de inyeccin de combustible.

Un material magnetoestrictivo se coloca en el ncleo que
funciona como un actuador cuando un campo magntico se
produce haciendo pasar una corriente a travs de la bobina
de accionamiento.
Introduccin
Transformador
Carcasa de Acero
(para direccin del flujo)
Unidad de la bobina
Barra magnetostrictiva
(material activo)
Vista en 3-D del transductor
La relacin constitutiva no linear entre la
magnetoestriccin y el campo magntico se ejecuta. El
material se asume para estar en un estado pretensado
que rendira la magnetoestriccin mxima.

La bobina de la impulsin se modela como dominio que
lleva actual homogeneizado. Los alambres individuales
no son resueltos.

Modelado magnetosttica se lleva a cabo. Un barrido
paramtrico de densidad de corriente en la bobina de
accionamiento se utiliza para demostrar la
magnetostriccin no lineal vs campo magntico.
Se tomara 400 A/m como valor de la magnetostriccin
para el anlisis realizado en este modelo.
Caracteristicas del modelo
Magnetostriction - Theory
Magnetostrictive materials exhibit free strain () when exposed to
magnetic field (H). This phenomena is known as the Joule effect.

This phenomena has a quantum mechanical origin. The magneto-
mechanical coupling takes place at the atomic level.

From a system level, the material can be assumed to comprise of a
number of tiny ellipsoidal magnets which rotate due to the torque
produced by the externally applied magnetic field.

The rotation of these elemental magnets produce dimensional
change as shown in this animation.
Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Magnetostriction_by_Zureks.gif
Magnetostriction Effect of magnetic
field
The free strain is often
modeled using linear
constitutive relation:
=dH
where d is called the piezo-
magnetic strain coefficient.

In reality, the free strain
(magnetostriction) has a non-
linear dependence on the
applied magnetic field and the
mechanical stress in the
material.
Source:
http://www.etrema-usa.com/documents/Terfenol.pdf
Pre-stress
Magnetostriction vs. Magnetic field at various pre-stresses
Geometry
Steel housing
Air domain
(required to view realistic
magnetic flux path)
Drive coil
Magnetostrictive rod
Carcasa de acero
(Subdomain 2)
Dimensiones
Aire
(Subdomains 1, 4, 6)
Portador de bobina
(Subdomain 5)
Barra
Magnetostrictiva
(Subdomain 3)
Barra Magnetostrictiva
- Radius = 3 mm
- Height = 50 mm
Bobina
- Radius = 3 mm
- Height = 50 mm
Carcasa de acero
Head and base plates
- Radius = 20 mm
- Height = 5 mm
Side wall
- Thickness = 5 mm
- Height = 50 mm
Aire
- Radius = 90 mm
- Height = 180 mm

Subdomain settings - Magnetic
Non-linear B-H Curve
Interpolation
table
B
H
H = HBFe(B)
Por que la tension Inicial?
| | | | | | | | ( ) | |
i i
C o c c o + =
Generalized Hookes Law
Magnetostriccin no produce estrs en el material a menos
que se ve limitada.

Magnetostriccin modelado como una tensin inicial asegura
que el material se mantiene libre de tensin cuando la tensin
en el cuerpo es la misma que la magnetostriccin.
[] Stress

[C] Stiffness

[] Strain

[
i
] - Initial strain

[
i
] - Initial stress
Resultados
Densidad de flujo magntico
uniforme dentro de la varilla
magnetoestrictivo a lo largo
de la lnea central (r = 0).

Densidad de flujo disminuye
bruscamente a travs de la
cabeza de acero y las placas
de base.
Concentracin de flujo magntico a
travs de la varilla magnetoestrictivo y
carcasa de acero representado por las
lneas de corriente.
Resultados
Deformacin axial uniforme
(1.47e-4) en la varilla
magnetostrictivo debido a
magnetostriccin.
Esfuerzo axial Cero en el
vstago magnetostrictivo
debido a la "libre de
tensiones."
Tensin uniforme axial en
el vstago
magnetostrictivo a lo largo
de la lnea central (r = 0)
Creating the non-linear vs. H curve
It is desired to find out the free strain of the magnetostrictive
material or displacement obtained from the transducer as a
function of the input current or input magnetic field for most
applications.

To find this out we need to perform a parametric analysis.

Assume J0 varies quasi-statically so that there is no
inductive effect and no skin-effect.
Grafica No-linear vs. H curva
Postprocessing > Plot Parameters >
Domain Plot Parameters.

In the General tab, make sure all the
solutions are selected in the Solutions to
use area.

Select the Point tab and choose point 4.

In the y-axis data area, type Lambda_z
in the Expression edit field.

In the x-axis data area, select the
Expression radio button and then click
on the Expression button. Type
Hz_emqa.
Magnetostriccin no lineal
funcin de la curva de campo
magntico a lo largo de la
direccin axial.
Grafica del desplazamiento vs. densidad de corriente de entrada
Postprocessing > Plot Parameters >
Domain Plot Parameters.

In the General tab, make sure all the
solutions are selected in the Solutions to
use area.

Select the Point tab and choose point 4.

In the y-axis data area, type w in the
Expression edit field.

In the x-axis data area, select the
Expression radio button and then click
on the Expression button. Type J0.
Magnetostriccin no lineal
funcin de la curva de campo
magntico a lo largo de la
direccin axial.
References
1. C. Mudivarthi, S. Datta, J. Atulasimha and A. B. Flatau, A bidirectionally coupled
magnetoelastic model and its validation using a Galfenol unimorph sensor,
Smart Materials and Structures, 17 035005 (8pp), 2008.
http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/0964-1726/17/3/035005/

2. F. Graham, Development and Validation of a Bidirectionally Coupled
Magnetoelastic FEM Model for Current Driven Magnetostrictive Devices, M.S.
Thesis, Aerospace Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, USA, 2009.
http://www.lib.umd.edu/drum/handle/1903/9354